The nasopharyngeal swab for COVID-19 testing is generally considered safe;however, it is primarily performed by staff that may not completely understand the anatomy of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. We report the t...The nasopharyngeal swab for COVID-19 testing is generally considered safe;however, it is primarily performed by staff that may not completely understand the anatomy of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. We report the treatment of a 48-year-old man who developed unilateral left rhinorrhea after a nasopharyngeal swab sample. It is aimed to draw attention to this complication that can be prevented with the appropriate technique during nasopharyngeal swab sampling.展开更多
Upper respiratory tract samples are the most commonly used samples for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)diagnosis.The samples collected from the nasopharynx are preferred for viral nucleic acids detection.Commercial ...Upper respiratory tract samples are the most commonly used samples for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)diagnosis.The samples collected from the nasopharynx are preferred for viral nucleic acids detection.Commercial nasopharyngeal swabs(NPSs)are the major factor that influences the sampling quality.We here evaluated the acceptability and efficiency of NPSs from five manufacturers by examining the concentration of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene(GAPDH)retrieved from the swabs using the RT-PCR method.Significant different concentrations of GAPDH were detected,ranged from 4.36×10^(8) copies/mL to 6.98×10^(10) copies/mL among the five swabs(P<0.05).The designation of the swab head,with or without tip expansion,had limited influence on the collection efficiency.The discrepancy among the NPSs emphasized the improvement of the swab head material.展开更多
Maternal urogenital human papillomavirus(HPV)infection may place neonates at risk of HPV acquisition and subsequently lower respiratory infections as HPV can influence development of immunity.The respiratory HPV preva...Maternal urogenital human papillomavirus(HPV)infection may place neonates at risk of HPV acquisition and subsequently lower respiratory infections as HPV can influence development of immunity.The respiratory HPV prevalence is not known in remote-dwelling Aboriginal infants,who are at high risk of respiratory infection and where the population prevalence of urogenital HPV in women is high.These data are necessary to inform HPV vaccination regimens.A retrospective analysis using PCR specific for HPV was performed on 64 stored nasopharyngeal swabs from remote-dwelling Aboriginal infants<6 months of age,with and without hospitalised pneumonia.HPV DNA was not detected in any specimen.Despite the negative result,we cannot exclude a role for HPV in respiratory infections affecting infants in this population;however,our data do not support HPV as an important contributor to acute respiratory infection in remote-dwelling Aboriginal children.展开更多
This article introduces safety management strategies of nasopharyngeal specimen collection from suspected cases of coronavirus disease 2019 in a tertiary designated hospital.The key points include establishing a speci...This article introduces safety management strategies of nasopharyngeal specimen collection from suspected cases of coronavirus disease 2019 in a tertiary designated hospital.The key points include establishing a special sampling room,strict sterilization of the entire environment,training of professional nurses,enhancement of personal protection,standardization of methods and processes for swab collection,and a timely and safety sample submission.More than 11,000 nasopharyngeal specimens were collected by eight nurses,with an average of 1,375 specimen swab collections each nurse,and no one was infected.展开更多
Objective To investigate the clinical application of Real-Time PCR for rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) directly from nasopharyngeal swab specimens.Methods We collected the nasal an...Objective To investigate the clinical application of Real-Time PCR for rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) directly from nasopharyngeal swab specimens.Methods We collected the nasal and throat swab specimens from patients or medical staffs in 3 intensive care units,blood laminar flow ward and respiratory ward in Beijing Hospital,Ministry of Health from December 2010to April 2011.Each sample was tested by RT-PCR and conventional culture-based method for the presence of MRSA.Results The total number of the specimens was 206.Compared with the conventional culture-based method,we demonstrated the diagnostic values for Real-Time PCR were 96.4%sensitivity,96.6%specificity,81.8%positive predictive rate,and 99.4%negative predictive rate.And the limit of detection was 10~2CFU/ml.Conclusions This Real-Time PCR is a simple,rapid,sensitive and specific method.With the high negative predictive value,it can be used for the exclusion of MRSA colonization or infection.However,the application of its low positive predictive value should be further evaluated.展开更多
The real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction(RT‐PCR)test is the gold standard for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS‐CoV‐2)detection.Proper specimen collection and obtaining a s...The real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction(RT‐PCR)test is the gold standard for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS‐CoV‐2)detection.Proper specimen collection and obtaining a sufficient specimen are the most essential steps for laboratory diagnosis.The nasopharyngeal(NP)swab is recommended as the reference collection method.However,NP swab collection is invasive and uncomfortable for patients and poses some risk to healthcare workers.This study aimed to compare the efficacy of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA detection from surgical masks with the NP swab method using RT‐PCR testing.Of 269 patients,RT‐PCR RNA from NP swabs was detected among 82 patients(30.5%)and was undetected among 187 patients(69.5%).All patients were tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA from surgical masks.SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA was detected in 25/82(30.5%)surgical mask filters,while undetected among 57(69.5%).For the surgical mask with an average use time of 7.05 h,the sensitivity was 30.5%,the specificity was 100.0%,with positive predictive value of 100.0%and negative predictive value of 76.2%.Therefore,surgical masks could be an alternative non‐invasive specimen source for SARS‐CoV‐2 RT‐PCR testing.The results of our study suggest that the test could be employed after wearing surgical masks for at least 8‐12 h,with increased sensitivity when used for more than 12 h.展开更多
The global spread of SARS-CoV-2 is currently continuing,and the World Health Organization has announced the risk assessment of the viruses as high.In this study,we analyzed virology features of SARS-CoV-2 causing a fa...The global spread of SARS-CoV-2 is currently continuing,and the World Health Organization has announced the risk assessment of the viruses as high.In this study,we analyzed virology features of SARS-CoV-2 causing a family cluster outbreak.Among the six family members,five have been laboratory-confirmed infection of SARS-CoV-2 viruses.A total of five SARS-CoV-2 viruses have been isolated from the nasopharyngeal swabs.The complete genome of the viruses exhibited 100%nucleotide identity with each other.Only two nucleotide differences have been observed between genomes of the isolated viruses and the HCoV/Wuhan/IVDC-HB-01/2019 strain.Therefore,SARS-CoV-2 has been confirmed as the causation of the family cluster infections.展开更多
文摘The nasopharyngeal swab for COVID-19 testing is generally considered safe;however, it is primarily performed by staff that may not completely understand the anatomy of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. We report the treatment of a 48-year-old man who developed unilateral left rhinorrhea after a nasopharyngeal swab sample. It is aimed to draw attention to this complication that can be prevented with the appropriate technique during nasopharyngeal swab sampling.
基金funded in part by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2020-I2M-2-013)+1 种基金Nonprofit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019PT310029)funding from Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Z201100008920008).
文摘Upper respiratory tract samples are the most commonly used samples for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)diagnosis.The samples collected from the nasopharynx are preferred for viral nucleic acids detection.Commercial nasopharyngeal swabs(NPSs)are the major factor that influences the sampling quality.We here evaluated the acceptability and efficiency of NPSs from five manufacturers by examining the concentration of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene(GAPDH)retrieved from the swabs using the RT-PCR method.Significant different concentrations of GAPDH were detected,ranged from 4.36×10^(8) copies/mL to 6.98×10^(10) copies/mL among the five swabs(P<0.05).The designation of the swab head,with or without tip expansion,had limited influence on the collection efficiency.The discrepancy among the NPSs emphasized the improvement of the swab head material.
基金This work was supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council(NHMRC,GNT1023781)HSV was supported by the NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence for Lung Health in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children(GNT1079557)+2 种基金ABC is funded by a NHMRC Practitioner Fellowship(1154302)ACC was supported by a Career Development Fellowship(1068732)We wish to thank the families who participated in these studies.We thank Victor Oguoma for assistance with statistical analysis.
文摘Maternal urogenital human papillomavirus(HPV)infection may place neonates at risk of HPV acquisition and subsequently lower respiratory infections as HPV can influence development of immunity.The respiratory HPV prevalence is not known in remote-dwelling Aboriginal infants,who are at high risk of respiratory infection and where the population prevalence of urogenital HPV in women is high.These data are necessary to inform HPV vaccination regimens.A retrospective analysis using PCR specific for HPV was performed on 64 stored nasopharyngeal swabs from remote-dwelling Aboriginal infants<6 months of age,with and without hospitalised pneumonia.HPV DNA was not detected in any specimen.Despite the negative result,we cannot exclude a role for HPV in respiratory infections affecting infants in this population;however,our data do not support HPV as an important contributor to acute respiratory infection in remote-dwelling Aboriginal children.
文摘This article introduces safety management strategies of nasopharyngeal specimen collection from suspected cases of coronavirus disease 2019 in a tertiary designated hospital.The key points include establishing a special sampling room,strict sterilization of the entire environment,training of professional nurses,enhancement of personal protection,standardization of methods and processes for swab collection,and a timely and safety sample submission.More than 11,000 nasopharyngeal specimens were collected by eight nurses,with an average of 1,375 specimen swab collections each nurse,and no one was infected.
文摘Objective To investigate the clinical application of Real-Time PCR for rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) directly from nasopharyngeal swab specimens.Methods We collected the nasal and throat swab specimens from patients or medical staffs in 3 intensive care units,blood laminar flow ward and respiratory ward in Beijing Hospital,Ministry of Health from December 2010to April 2011.Each sample was tested by RT-PCR and conventional culture-based method for the presence of MRSA.Results The total number of the specimens was 206.Compared with the conventional culture-based method,we demonstrated the diagnostic values for Real-Time PCR were 96.4%sensitivity,96.6%specificity,81.8%positive predictive rate,and 99.4%negative predictive rate.And the limit of detection was 10~2CFU/ml.Conclusions This Real-Time PCR is a simple,rapid,sensitive and specific method.With the high negative predictive value,it can be used for the exclusion of MRSA colonization or infection.However,the application of its low positive predictive value should be further evaluated.
基金funded by the Navamindradhiraj Research Fund (grant number 115/2564)to Dr.Uraporn Phumisantiphong.
文摘The real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction(RT‐PCR)test is the gold standard for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS‐CoV‐2)detection.Proper specimen collection and obtaining a sufficient specimen are the most essential steps for laboratory diagnosis.The nasopharyngeal(NP)swab is recommended as the reference collection method.However,NP swab collection is invasive and uncomfortable for patients and poses some risk to healthcare workers.This study aimed to compare the efficacy of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA detection from surgical masks with the NP swab method using RT‐PCR testing.Of 269 patients,RT‐PCR RNA from NP swabs was detected among 82 patients(30.5%)and was undetected among 187 patients(69.5%).All patients were tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA from surgical masks.SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA was detected in 25/82(30.5%)surgical mask filters,while undetected among 57(69.5%).For the surgical mask with an average use time of 7.05 h,the sensitivity was 30.5%,the specificity was 100.0%,with positive predictive value of 100.0%and negative predictive value of 76.2%.Therefore,surgical masks could be an alternative non‐invasive specimen source for SARS‐CoV‐2 RT‐PCR testing.The results of our study suggest that the test could be employed after wearing surgical masks for at least 8‐12 h,with increased sensitivity when used for more than 12 h.
基金A scientific research project of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission“the Epidemiological Study on COVID 19 in Shanghai”(No.20411950100)A scientific research project of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health:molecular Epidemiology of Coronavirus in Acute Respiratory Infections in Shanghai(No.201840033)Three-Year Action Plan of the Shanghai Municipal Government to Strengthen the Construction of public Health System(2020–2022)“Outstanding young talent project”(No.GWV-10.2-YQ03).
文摘The global spread of SARS-CoV-2 is currently continuing,and the World Health Organization has announced the risk assessment of the viruses as high.In this study,we analyzed virology features of SARS-CoV-2 causing a family cluster outbreak.Among the six family members,five have been laboratory-confirmed infection of SARS-CoV-2 viruses.A total of five SARS-CoV-2 viruses have been isolated from the nasopharyngeal swabs.The complete genome of the viruses exhibited 100%nucleotide identity with each other.Only two nucleotide differences have been observed between genomes of the isolated viruses and the HCoV/Wuhan/IVDC-HB-01/2019 strain.Therefore,SARS-CoV-2 has been confirmed as the causation of the family cluster infections.
