Edges crossing and nodes overlapping have a significant effect on the users’recognition and comprehension of network diagrams.In this study,we propose a visual evaluation method for users’cognition of network diagra...Edges crossing and nodes overlapping have a significant effect on the users’recognition and comprehension of network diagrams.In this study,we propose a visual evaluation method for users’cognition of network diagrams.First,this method carries out a set of cognitive experiments to collect the user’s cognitive performance that affects the variables,including accuracy and response time.The user’s pupil diameter is measured through an eye tracker to reflect their cognitive load.Second,the significance test points out the visual features as independent variables and then establishes an evaluation regression model.The experimental results show that the number of edges,edge length,node visual interference,and edge occlusion contribute to the evaluation models of response time,and edge occlusion and the number of node connections contribute to the accuracy model.Finally,these evaluation models demonstrate good predictability when assessing users’cognition of network diagrams and provide practical recommendations for their use.展开更多
Indicator diagram plays an important role in identifying the production state of oil wells. With an ability to reflect any non-linear mapping relationship, the artificial neural network (ANN) can be used in shape iden...Indicator diagram plays an important role in identifying the production state of oil wells. With an ability to reflect any non-linear mapping relationship, the artificial neural network (ANN) can be used in shape identification. This paper illuminates ANN realization in identifying fault kinds of indicator diagrams, including a back-propagation algorithm, characteristics of the indicator diagram and some examples. It is concluded that the buildup of a neural network and the abstract of indicator diagrams are important to successful application.展开更多
This paper is focused on the technique for de si gn and realization of the process communications about the computer-aided train diagram network system. The Windows Socket technique is adopted to program for the clien...This paper is focused on the technique for de si gn and realization of the process communications about the computer-aided train diagram network system. The Windows Socket technique is adopted to program for the client and the server to create system applications and solve the problems o f data transfer and data sharing in the system.展开更多
The problems of fast determining shortest paths through a polygonal subdivision planar with n vertices are considered in GIS. Distances are measured according to an Euclidean metric. A geographical information system ...The problems of fast determining shortest paths through a polygonal subdivision planar with n vertices are considered in GIS. Distances are measured according to an Euclidean metric. A geographical information system (GIS) has a collection of nearest neighborhood operations and this collection serves as a useful toolbox for spatial analysis. These operations are undertaken through the Voronoi diagrams. This paper presents a novel algorithm that constructs a" shortest route set" with respect to a given source point and a target point by Voronoi diagrams. It will help to improve the efficiency of traditional algorithms, e. g., Djkstra algorithm, on selecting the shortest routes. Moreover, the novel algorithm can check the connectivity in a complex network between the source point and target one.展开更多
The quantitative effects of chromium content on continuous cooling transformation(CCT)diagrams of novel air-cooled bainite steels were analyzed using artificial neural network models.The results showed that the chromi...The quantitative effects of chromium content on continuous cooling transformation(CCT)diagrams of novel air-cooled bainite steels were analyzed using artificial neural network models.The results showed that the chromium may retard the high and medium-temperature martensite transformation.展开更多
The quantitative effect of Ni content on continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams of novel air-cooled bainite steels was analyzed using artificial neural network models. The results showed that Ni may retard t...The quantitative effect of Ni content on continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams of novel air-cooled bainite steels was analyzed using artificial neural network models. The results showed that Ni may retard the high- and medium-temperature transformation and martensite transformation. The results conform to the materials science theories.展开更多
Street Networks, knitted in the urban fabric, facilitate spatial movement and control the flow of urbanization. The interrelation between a city’s spatial network and how the residents travel over it has always been ...Street Networks, knitted in the urban fabric, facilitate spatial movement and control the flow of urbanization. The interrelation between a city’s spatial network and how the residents travel over it has always been of high interest to scholars. Over the years, multifaceted visualization methods have emerged to better express this travel trend from small to large scale. This study proposes a novel approach to 1) visualize city-wide travel patterns with respect to the street network orientation and 2) analyze the discrepancies between travel patterns and streets to evaluate network usability. The visualizations adopt histograms and rose diagrams to provide several insights into network-wide traffic flows. The visualization of four New York City (NYC) boroughs including Queens, Brooklyn, Bronx, and Staten Island was generated for the daily traffic and the average hourly flows in the morning and evening rush hours. Then the contrasts between built-in street network topology and travel orientation were drawn to show where people travel over the network, travel demand, and finally which segments experience high or light traffic, revealing the true picture of network usability. The findings of the study provide an insight into the novel and innovative approach that can help better understand the travel behavior lucidly and assist policymakers in decision making to maintain a balance between urban topology and travel demands. In addition, the study demonstrates how to further investigate city street networks and urbanization from different diverse dimensions.展开更多
Recent studies have observed hysteresis loops in the macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD). In particular, for the same network density, higher network flows occur during congestion onset than during congestion offset...Recent studies have observed hysteresis loops in the macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD). In particular, for the same network density, higher network flows occur during congestion onset than during congestion offset. To evaluate management strategies using the MFD, investigating the relationship between the size of these loops and network performance is needed. The existing literature has mainly discussed correlating loop width (difference in density) and height (capacity drop) with congestion heterogeneity, but has failed to prove a relationship between the capacity drop and traffic conditions. Moreover, quantification of the MFD loop in complex multimodal networks has not been investigated. The objective of this paper covers these aspects. We simulated the Sioux Falls network with different mode-share ratios (car and bus users) based on a multi-agent simulation, MATSim. We investigated the relationships between MFD loop size and congestion heterogeneity (standard deviation of density) and network performance (average passenger travel time), and found that both were directly correlated with loop width, while weakly correlated with loop height. Moreover, we divided the MFD loop into two parts according to congestion onset and offset periods and found that the heights of the two parts had opposite effects. Accordingly, we show why the relationship between capacity drop and congestion heterogeneity is not found in the literature. We also found that network performance inversely affected the height of part of the loop while the height of its other part increased with an increase in congestion heterogeneity. These results help to evaluate network performance in the presence of MFD hysteresis, leading to elaborated management decisions.展开更多
基金supported by the Provincial Key Social Science Foundation of Zhejiang,China(Grant No.22JCXK03Z)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China.
文摘Edges crossing and nodes overlapping have a significant effect on the users’recognition and comprehension of network diagrams.In this study,we propose a visual evaluation method for users’cognition of network diagrams.First,this method carries out a set of cognitive experiments to collect the user’s cognitive performance that affects the variables,including accuracy and response time.The user’s pupil diameter is measured through an eye tracker to reflect their cognitive load.Second,the significance test points out the visual features as independent variables and then establishes an evaluation regression model.The experimental results show that the number of edges,edge length,node visual interference,and edge occlusion contribute to the evaluation models of response time,and edge occlusion and the number of node connections contribute to the accuracy model.Finally,these evaluation models demonstrate good predictability when assessing users’cognition of network diagrams and provide practical recommendations for their use.
文摘Indicator diagram plays an important role in identifying the production state of oil wells. With an ability to reflect any non-linear mapping relationship, the artificial neural network (ANN) can be used in shape identification. This paper illuminates ANN realization in identifying fault kinds of indicator diagrams, including a back-propagation algorithm, characteristics of the indicator diagram and some examples. It is concluded that the buildup of a neural network and the abstract of indicator diagrams are important to successful application.
文摘This paper is focused on the technique for de si gn and realization of the process communications about the computer-aided train diagram network system. The Windows Socket technique is adopted to program for the client and the server to create system applications and solve the problems o f data transfer and data sharing in the system.
文摘The problems of fast determining shortest paths through a polygonal subdivision planar with n vertices are considered in GIS. Distances are measured according to an Euclidean metric. A geographical information system (GIS) has a collection of nearest neighborhood operations and this collection serves as a useful toolbox for spatial analysis. These operations are undertaken through the Voronoi diagrams. This paper presents a novel algorithm that constructs a" shortest route set" with respect to a given source point and a target point by Voronoi diagrams. It will help to improve the efficiency of traditional algorithms, e. g., Djkstra algorithm, on selecting the shortest routes. Moreover, the novel algorithm can check the connectivity in a complex network between the source point and target one.
文摘The quantitative effects of chromium content on continuous cooling transformation(CCT)diagrams of novel air-cooled bainite steels were analyzed using artificial neural network models.The results showed that the chromium may retard the high and medium-temperature martensite transformation.
文摘The quantitative effect of Ni content on continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams of novel air-cooled bainite steels was analyzed using artificial neural network models. The results showed that Ni may retard the high- and medium-temperature transformation and martensite transformation. The results conform to the materials science theories.
文摘Street Networks, knitted in the urban fabric, facilitate spatial movement and control the flow of urbanization. The interrelation between a city’s spatial network and how the residents travel over it has always been of high interest to scholars. Over the years, multifaceted visualization methods have emerged to better express this travel trend from small to large scale. This study proposes a novel approach to 1) visualize city-wide travel patterns with respect to the street network orientation and 2) analyze the discrepancies between travel patterns and streets to evaluate network usability. The visualizations adopt histograms and rose diagrams to provide several insights into network-wide traffic flows. The visualization of four New York City (NYC) boroughs including Queens, Brooklyn, Bronx, and Staten Island was generated for the daily traffic and the average hourly flows in the morning and evening rush hours. Then the contrasts between built-in street network topology and travel orientation were drawn to show where people travel over the network, travel demand, and finally which segments experience high or light traffic, revealing the true picture of network usability. The findings of the study provide an insight into the novel and innovative approach that can help better understand the travel behavior lucidly and assist policymakers in decision making to maintain a balance between urban topology and travel demands. In addition, the study demonstrates how to further investigate city street networks and urbanization from different diverse dimensions.
文摘Recent studies have observed hysteresis loops in the macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD). In particular, for the same network density, higher network flows occur during congestion onset than during congestion offset. To evaluate management strategies using the MFD, investigating the relationship between the size of these loops and network performance is needed. The existing literature has mainly discussed correlating loop width (difference in density) and height (capacity drop) with congestion heterogeneity, but has failed to prove a relationship between the capacity drop and traffic conditions. Moreover, quantification of the MFD loop in complex multimodal networks has not been investigated. The objective of this paper covers these aspects. We simulated the Sioux Falls network with different mode-share ratios (car and bus users) based on a multi-agent simulation, MATSim. We investigated the relationships between MFD loop size and congestion heterogeneity (standard deviation of density) and network performance (average passenger travel time), and found that both were directly correlated with loop width, while weakly correlated with loop height. Moreover, we divided the MFD loop into two parts according to congestion onset and offset periods and found that the heights of the two parts had opposite effects. Accordingly, we show why the relationship between capacity drop and congestion heterogeneity is not found in the literature. We also found that network performance inversely affected the height of part of the loop while the height of its other part increased with an increase in congestion heterogeneity. These results help to evaluate network performance in the presence of MFD hysteresis, leading to elaborated management decisions.
