The flying squirrels(Pteromyini,Rodentia)are the most diverse and widely distributed group of gliding mammals.Taxonomic boundaries and relationships within flying squirrels remain an area of active research in mammalo...The flying squirrels(Pteromyini,Rodentia)are the most diverse and widely distributed group of gliding mammals.Taxonomic boundaries and relationships within flying squirrels remain an area of active research in mammalogy.The discovery of new specimens of Pteromys(Hylopetes)leonardi Thomas,1921,previously considered a synonym of Hylopetes alboniger,in Yunnan Province,China allowed a morphological and genetic reassessment of the status of this taxon.Phylogenetic reconstruction was implemented using sequences of two mitochondrial(12S ribosomal RNA and 16S ribosomal RNA)and one nuclear(interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein)gene fragments.Morphological assessments involved examinations of features preserved on skins,skulls,and penises of museum specimens,supplemented with principal component analysis of craniometric data.Together these assessments revealed that this taxon should be recognized not only as a distinct species,but should also be placed within a new genus,described here as Priapomys gen.nov.展开更多
Previous studies recognized three major lineages of the family Costaceae:a South American clade,an Asian clade and a Costus clade.However,the genus Hellenia within the Asian clade has been shown to be non-monophyletic...Previous studies recognized three major lineages of the family Costaceae:a South American clade,an Asian clade and a Costus clade.However,the genus Hellenia within the Asian clade has been shown to be non-monophyletic and its morphology has not been studied carefully.Therefore,the complete plastid genomes of Hellenia species were obtained and the monophyly of Hellenia was tested through four different datasets in this study.Plastid phylogenomic analyses of Costaceae revealed that Hellenia is strongly supported as paraphyletic.Two major clades are recovered,namely the Hellenia s.s.subclade and the Parahellenia subclade.Phylogenetic analyses based on an enlarged taxon sampling of the Asian clade using a two chloroplast markers dataset(trnK intron and trnL-F spacer)confirmed the paraphyly of Hellenia.Meanwhile,morphological analyses suggested that members of the Parahellenia subclade differ from the remaining Hellenia species in many characters including inflorescences,bracts,stigma,axillary buds,floral tubes and labellum.According to the present molecular and morphological evidence,the latter subclade is recognized as a new genus,Parahellenia.Two new species are described,four new combinations are made,and identification keys are also provided.展开更多
Based on a combination of morphology and molecular data of ribosomal DNA genes,a new diatom genus Lineaperpetua gen.nov.Yu,You,Kociolek&Wang is described.The features that help define Lineaperpetua at the level of...Based on a combination of morphology and molecular data of ribosomal DNA genes,a new diatom genus Lineaperpetua gen.nov.Yu,You,Kociolek&Wang is described.The features that help define Lineaperpetua at the level of genus include:a tangentially undulated valve face;continuous cribra areolae on the valve interior consisting of pores arranged as strips;single rimoportula located inside the ring of marginal fultoportulae.Additionally,phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear small subunit(SSU)rDNA sequences and nuclear large subunit(LSU)rDNA gene placed the three strains of L.lacustris in a single,monophyletic clade at a considerable sequence distance from the other genera(Thalassiosira,Conticribra,Planktoniella,Shinodiscus,and other genera)belonging to Thalassiosirales.Despite the similarities with some species of Thalassiosira,Conticribra,and Spicaticribra,the suite of features found in Lineaperpetua differentiate it from these other genera.These molecular data and morphological characters suggest an affinity of the new genus to the Thalassiosiraceae.展开更多
During our investigation of diatom biodiversity in Xizang,two species exhibited unique morphological features discriminative from all previously known genera.Herein we describe these two species and describe as new th...During our investigation of diatom biodiversity in Xizang,two species exhibited unique morphological features discriminative from all previously known genera.Herein we describe these two species and describe as new the genus,Spargeria gen.nov.The new genus features narrow to wide rectangular valves,narrow valve mantles,filiform raphe branches that occur on the valve face only,terminal raphe fissures straight or slightly deflected to same side,bow-tie shaped central areas,chambered striae present on the valve face only,being absent from the mantle,wider striae near the axial area and very narrow near the margin,multiseriate striae with small and round areolae that are occluded externally.Comparatively,Spargeria zhuii sp.nov.has larger and robust valves,radiate striae,with one divergent stria near the apices,while Spargeria chenia sp.nov.is smaller,with narrow valves,striae slightly radiate in the middle,becoming convergent or parallel near apices.This new genus belongs to the family Pinnulariaceae,and it was compared and contrasted with other genera of this family.Our work suggests the need for continued studies to document the biodiversity of diatoms in Xizang.展开更多
The flexed frustules in pennate diatoms are usually associated with monoraphid diatoms. Interestingly, we found a biraphid diatom species with flexed frustules in an offshore intertidal beach environment on Weizhou Is...The flexed frustules in pennate diatoms are usually associated with monoraphid diatoms. Interestingly, we found a biraphid diatom species with flexed frustules in an offshore intertidal beach environment on Weizhou Island,Beihai City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Therefore, based on morphological characteristics, we described a new genus of diatoms Yuzaoea sinensis gen. et sp. nov. CH Li, HH Liu, YH Gao & CP Chen. The frustule of this genus is characterized by heterogeneous frustule with one concave valve and one convex valve,complete raphe on both valves, straight and moderately eccentric raphe, uniseriate striae and girdle bands with a single row of areolae. The most identifying feature of this genus was the flexed frustule, which is rare in biraphid diatoms and common in monoraphid diatoms. We compared the morphometric characteristics of genus Yuzaoea with genus Rhoikoneis and several genera within the family Rhoicospheniaceae, including Rhoicosphenia,Campylopyxis, and Cuneolus. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rRNA and rbc L showed that the genus Yuzaoea was the sister group to the clade of Rhoicosphenia with a high support value(bootstrap values = 100%), and the clade “Yuzaoea+Rhoicosphenia” was sister to the clade of monoraphid diatoms, in which the genera Achnanthidium, Planothidium and some Cocconeis with high support values(bootstrap = 100%).Morphologically, the genus Yuzaoea shares many morphological features with monoraphid diatoms like genera Achnanthidium and Planothidium and the members within the Rhoicospheniaceae. Therefore, based on a combined morphological studies and phylogenetic results we suggested that this branch may represented the evolution of one kind monoraphid diatoms, from biraphid diatoms(e.g. genus Yuzaoea), to incompleted biraphid diatoms(e.g. genera Rhoicosphenia, Campylopyxis), to monoraphid diatoms(e.g. genera Achnanthidium and Planothidium).展开更多
A new genus and species,Sananicoccus nanophytoni gen.&sp.nov.,is described and illustrated based on its adult female,adult male,first-instar nymph and pupa,collected on the leaves of Nanophyton erinaceum(Pall.)Bun...A new genus and species,Sananicoccus nanophytoni gen.&sp.nov.,is described and illustrated based on its adult female,adult male,first-instar nymph and pupa,collected on the leaves of Nanophyton erinaceum(Pall.)Bunge(Chenopodiaceae)from Xinjiang.The new genus is similar to the genus Synacanthococcus Morrison,1920,but differs by the absence of ostioles and dorsal cerarii,and no cerarii situated on a prominent sclerotized area.展开更多
This study reviews the Ptilocodiidae from South China Sea,including three species. The diagnoses of the family and each genus are provided. A new genus,Tregouboviopsis Guo,Xu & Huang,gen. nov. is erected,based on ...This study reviews the Ptilocodiidae from South China Sea,including three species. The diagnoses of the family and each genus are provided. A new genus,Tregouboviopsis Guo,Xu & Huang,gen. nov. is erected,based on the monotypy,Tregouboviopsis perradialis(Xu,Huang & Du,2012) comb. nov.,which is transferred from the genus Tregoubovia. A free eumedusoid of Hydrichthella ocellata Xu,Huang & Wang,sp. nov. is described in the present paper. A key to known genera of family Ptilocodiidae is presented. All type specimens are deposited in the South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Science.展开更多
Parasitic wasps reared from larvae of Stenocephus fraxini on Fraxinus chinnensis from Shandong Province,China were found to be two new species of Pteromalidae(Hymenoptera:Chalcidoidea).The characters of marginal vein,...Parasitic wasps reared from larvae of Stenocephus fraxini on Fraxinus chinnensis from Shandong Province,China were found to be two new species of Pteromalidae(Hymenoptera:Chalcidoidea).The characters of marginal vein,antenna,and propodeum show that the new species is close to the members of Cyrtoptyx,but hairs on thorax are white and conspicuous,the dorsellum is relatively large and reticulated,and marginal fringe on fore wing are absent.All characters are sufficient to justify the erection of a new genus,Neocyrtoptyx gen.nov.,to accommodate the new species N.shanghensis sp.nov.and N.exilis sp.nov.展开更多
A new genus,Sacculiphora gen.nov.,is described from China,with a new species,S.cultrata sp.nov.The new genus seems closely related to the genus Maculiphora Disney.It is distinguished from Maculiphora by the frontal br...A new genus,Sacculiphora gen.nov.,is described from China,with a new species,S.cultrata sp.nov.The new genus seems closely related to the genus Maculiphora Disney.It is distinguished from Maculiphora by the frontal bristle formula of 2-4-4 as opposed to 2-2-4,a strongly developed wing vein Sc,clearly fine veins and a cystiform structure on the inner surface of the male fore femur.展开更多
Marshall (1916) referred 26 species to genus Leptomias Fst.and .put generic names Heteromias Fst., Parisomias Fst. and Piazomias Lacd. (part) as its synonyms. Gunther and Zumpt (1933) added Cneorrhinus Redtenb.also in...Marshall (1916) referred 26 species to genus Leptomias Fst.and .put generic names Heteromias Fst., Parisomias Fst. and Piazomias Lacd. (part) as its synonyms. Gunther and Zumpt (1933) added Cneorrhinus Redtenb.also in the list of synonyms of Leptomias st.Later on, Aslam (1961) revalidated Parisomias Fst.reshuffled the position of a few species and described a number of new species under the restricted Leptomias Fst.Accordingiy, as many as 32 species were referred to the genus Leptomias Fst.展开更多
The genus Muelleria is reported for the first time from China in this paper. The new diatom species M uelleria pseudogibbula sp. nov. was observed during a survey of diatoms from Zoigê Wetland, Sichuan Province, ...The genus Muelleria is reported for the first time from China in this paper. The new diatom species M uelleria pseudogibbula sp. nov. was observed during a survey of diatoms from Zoigê Wetland, Sichuan Province, China. The morphological characters of this new species were documented by light and scanning electron microscope and compared with similar species. M. pseudogibbula is characterized by its lanceolate to linear-lanceolate valve outline with rounded apices, two longitudinal canals running parallel to each side of the raphe, proximal ends of the raphe deflected to the same directions and finishing before the first row of areolae, and curved distal raphe ends, forming two divergent branches.展开更多
The present paper deals with ten new species and one new record species of the Genus Bibio Geoffroy from China. The type specimens are kept in the Insect Collections of Beijing Agricultural University. 1. Bibio parvis...The present paper deals with ten new species and one new record species of the Genus Bibio Geoffroy from China. The type specimens are kept in the Insect Collections of Beijing Agricultural University. 1. Bibio parvispinalis, sp. nov. (fig, 1) This new species is very similar to B. tenebrosus Coquilletti, but can be distinguished from the latter by the antenna 12-segmented, the last segment of palpi two times longe than wide, the spina of the front tibia rather sharp pointed, the tergum 9 of the展开更多
Taxonomic and faunistic results are presented for three genera of the tribe Pyraustini Meyrick, 1890 of the subfamily Pyraustinae Meyrick, 1890 based on material from the southern Arabian Peninsula. The new genus Dysg...Taxonomic and faunistic results are presented for three genera of the tribe Pyraustini Meyrick, 1890 of the subfamily Pyraustinae Meyrick, 1890 based on material from the southern Arabian Peninsula. The new genus Dysgrammodes gen.n. is established and placed in the tribe Pyraustini Meyrick, 1890. It shares synapomorphies in the male genitalia with the genera Loxostege Hübner, 1825, Circobotys Butler, 1897, Anania Hübner, 1823, and Pagyda Walker, 1859. Character states differentiating the new genus from these genera are listed. The genus is monotypical, with Dysgrammodes rubrifascialis sp.n. as its type species. Taxonomic and faunistic updates are given for the genera Pyrausta Schrank, 1802 and Anania Hübner, 1823. Pyrausta flavicilialis sp.n. is newly described and placed close to the Afrotropical species Pyrausta centralis Maes, 2009 and Pyrausta grisealis Maes, 2009. Pyrausta phoenicealis Hübner, 1818 is reported for the first time in Saudi Arabia. The presence of the genus Anania Hübner, 1823 is reported as new to the entomofauna of the Arabian Peninsula. The records are attributed to the new species Anania interruptalis sp.n. The new species is recognized as unique among the Afrotropical species of the genus in wing maculation and placed close to Anania murcialis (Ragonot, 1895), Anania hortulata (Linnaeus, 1758) and Anania shanxiensis (Yang & Landry, 2019). The adults of each of the new species and of Pyruasta phoenicealis (Hübner, 1818), the male genitalia of Dysgrammodes rubrifascialis gen.n., sp.n. and of Pyrausta flavicilialis sp.n., the female genitalia of Dysgrammodes rubrifascialis gen.n., sp.n., Anania interruptalis sp.n. and of Pyruasta phoenicealis (Hübner, 1818), and the tympanal organs of Pyrausta flavicilialis sp.n. and of Anania interruptalis sp.n. are described and figured.展开更多
A new monotypic diatom genus Chinia gen.nov.from estuarine mangrove habitats in Fujian,China is described.Light,scanning and transmission electron microscopy observations of its morphology show that this diatom differ...A new monotypic diatom genus Chinia gen.nov.from estuarine mangrove habitats in Fujian,China is described.Light,scanning and transmission electron microscopy observations of its morphology show that this diatom differs from any established raphid diatom genus.The new genus is distinguished by a strongly undulate valve face,eccentric raphe canal,and perforated copulae.Its distinctly elevated and perforated raphe canal,classifi ed as simonsenioid type,is supported by sparse infundibulum-like portulae,and the portulae are separated by large fenestrae.The valves of Chinia also have hymenate areolar occlusions and the raphe lacks a central nodule.However,unlike most Bacillariaceae with two plastids,including Simonsenia,Chinia has a single plastid similar to those in Entomoneis and Surirella.Despite the similarities to Simonsenia,Chinia features porous raphe canal and loose striation,which is different from those of Simonsenia that has a solid raphe canal and distinct rows of areolae.These distinctive cytological and morphological characters suggest an affinity of the new genus to the Bacillariaceae.展开更多
An interesting group of cymbelloid diatoms was collected from lakes in Yunnan Province,China,and observations on their valve morphology made using light and scanning electron microscopy.These cymbelloid species all ha...An interesting group of cymbelloid diatoms was collected from lakes in Yunnan Province,China,and observations on their valve morphology made using light and scanning electron microscopy.These cymbelloid species all have apical pore fields,slit-like areolae,and areolar occlusions,and they all lack of stigmata.In this paper we propose the new genus Qinia gen.nov.for these taxa and describe them as new:Q.lashii sp.nov.,Q.aequalis sp.nov.,and Q.daliensis sp.nov.The genus Qinia gen.nov.has lanceolate valves asymmetrical about their apical axes,raphe located in the middle of valve,distal raphe ends bent to the dorsal margin that bisects the apical pore fields(APFs),no stigmata,areolae with slit-like external openings and projections occluding the areolar openings internally.This genus resembles the genus Cymbella in the presence of APFs,but differs from Cymbella by a lack of stigmata,and by having external distal raphe ends that bisect the apical pore fields.Like Reimeria,the external distal raphe ends bisect the lobes of the APF,but Qinia species differ from Reimeria in that they have no stigmata and the distal raphe ends are deflected dorsally,not ventrally.Comparisons were made between Qinia and other cymbelloid genera whose members possess apical pore fields.Features that distinguish each species of the new genus are also discussed.展开更多
Ceuthonoe,a new genus with type species C.nezhai sp.n.commensal with euplectellid glass sponge(Hexactinellida:Euplectellidae),is described and illustrated,based on the material collected from Weijia Guyot,western Paci...Ceuthonoe,a new genus with type species C.nezhai sp.n.commensal with euplectellid glass sponge(Hexactinellida:Euplectellidae),is described and illustrated,based on the material collected from Weijia Guyot,western Pacific.The new genus is distinguished by a combination of characters:body with 32 segments;14 pairs of elytra;prostomium with prominent cephalic peaks and facial tubercle;aciculae and chaetae on tentaculophores;biramous parapodium,each ramus with a long aciculum penetrating epidermis,without supraor subacicular process;and noto-and neurochaetae with unidentate tips.Ceuthonoe gen.n.is mostly silimar to genera of Polynoinae in morphology.However the phylogenetic analysis based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I,16 S,18 S,and 28 S genes suggested that this new genus was separated from the main branch of Polynoinae.The study also discussed the genera related to the new genus.展开更多
Ciliates in the class Prostomatea play an important role in the global microbial loop due to their signifcant abundances and broad feeding strategies at the foundation of food webs.Despite their importance in ecosyste...Ciliates in the class Prostomatea play an important role in the global microbial loop due to their signifcant abundances and broad feeding strategies at the foundation of food webs.Despite their importance in ecosystems,the taxonomy and systematics of this group of ciliates has long been poorly understood,with this being especially true for members of the family Lagynusidae.Here we examine four lagynusids collected from sandy beaches in China,using silver-staining and 18S rRNA gene sequencing techniques.These investigations revealed two new genera and two new species and provided details for two little known forms:Penardella marina gen.nov.,sp.nov.,Apolagynus cucumis(as reported by Penard.Études sur les infusoires d’eau douce.Georg and Cie,Genève,1922)gen.nov.,comb.nov.,Lagynus minutus sp.nov.,and Lagynus elegans(Engelmann in Z Wiss Zool 11:347-393,1862)Quennerstedt(Acta Univ Lund 4:1-48,1867).Penardella gen.nov.can be morphologically distinguished by having more than three dikinetidal perioral kineties.Apolagynus gen.nov.difers from the closely related genus Lagynus in the absence of a conspicuous neck-like region.The ciliature of Apolagynus cucumis is revealed here for the frst time,which demonstrates the classifcation of this species within Lagynusidae.Furthermore,Apolagynus binucleatus(Jiang et al.,2021)comb.nov.is established according to the new fnding.The results of our phylogenetic analyses based on the 18S rRNA gene support the establishment of two new genera and indicate that Lagynusidae is monophyletic,which further strengthens its valid taxonomic status.展开更多
Four new genera in three spider families are reported, namely Langlibaitiao Lin &Li, gen. nov., of Dictynidae O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871, with Lathys inaffecta Li, 2017(♂♀,China: Guangxi) as the type species;Huo...Four new genera in three spider families are reported, namely Langlibaitiao Lin &Li, gen. nov., of Dictynidae O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871, with Lathys inaffecta Li, 2017(♂♀,China: Guangxi) as the type species;Huoyanluo Lin & Li, gen. nov., of Macrobunidae Petrunkevitch, 1928, with Huoyanluo ruanxiaoqi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂, China: Yunnan) as the type species and Gushangzao Lin & Li, gen. nov. and Gyro Lin & Li, gen. nov., of Theridiidae Sundevall, 1833, with Gushangzao shiqian Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Xizang) and Gyro zeppeli Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Yunnan) as the type species, respectively. Further 31 new species in 19 spider families are reported, including Agelenidae C.L. Koch, 1837:Troglocoelotes doul Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Guangxi) and T. ruanxiaowu Lin & Li, sp.nov.(♀, China: Guangxi);Dictynidae: Langlibaitiao zhangshun Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂, China:Hainan);Hahniidae Bertkau, 1878: Hahnia zhuyifani Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Yunnan);Liocranidae Simon, 1897: Platnick xintongi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Xizang);Macrobunidae: Funny yanqing Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Xizang) and Huoyanluo zhangzezhongi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂, China: Yunnan);Mysmenidae Petrunkevitch, 1928:Phricotelus yangxiong Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Chongqing);Nemesiidae Simon, 1889:Raveniola shixiu Lin, Wang & Li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Guangxi) and R. xiezhen Lin, Wang & Li,sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Yunnan);Nesticidae Simon,1894: Speleoticus sicet Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀,China: Sichuan);Ochyroceratidae Fage, 1912: Speocera yiduoi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂, China:Guangdong);Oecobiidae Blackwall, 1862: Uroctea chenyui Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China:Guangxi);Oonopidae Simon, 1890: Orchestina xiebao Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♀, China:Chongqing);Philodromidae Thorell, 1869: Apollophanes lujiani Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China:Guangxi) and Psellonus dawanqu Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Guangdong);Salticidae Blackwall, 1841: Coccorchestes spark Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, Indonesia, West Papua),Onomastus zhuwu Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Chongqing) and Synagelides huangxin Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Chongqing);Sparassidae Bertkau,1872: Thelcticopis chongzu Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Yunnan);Symphytognathidae Hickman,1931: Kirinua zhengqi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Guangxi);Synotaxidae Simon,1895: Tekellina haosiwen Lin & Li, sp.nov.(♂♀, China: Chongqing) and T. huihangi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Zhejiang);Theridiidae: Chrosiothes pengqi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Chongqing), Coscinida hantao Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Chongqing), Gushangzao goemon Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, Japan,Iriomotejima Island), Theridion chenzhangfui Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Zhejiang) and Yaginumena xuanzan Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Chongqing);Theridiosomatidae Simon,1881: Coddingtonia chenyufengi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♀, Vietnam: Hai Phong) and Sennin zhangxinae Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, Vietnam: Hai Phong);Zodariidae Thorell, 1881: Mallinella zhoushengboi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Chongqing). Four new combinations in three spider families are proposed: Philodromidae: Psellonus kianganensis(Barrion & Litsinger, 1995) comb. nov.;Theridiidae: Gushangzao pelorosus(Zhu, 1998) comb. nov. and Dictynidae: Langlibaitiao chishuiensis(Zhang, Yang & Zhang, 2009) comb. nov. and L. inaffectus(Li, 2017) comb. nov.展开更多
In this study,one new genus and seven new species from the Clitumninae of Vietnam are described and illustrated,namely Interphasma lineatum sp.nov.,Medauroidea cattienensis sp.nov.,M.cornuta sp.nov.,M.fasciata sp.nov....In this study,one new genus and seven new species from the Clitumninae of Vietnam are described and illustrated,namely Interphasma lineatum sp.nov.,Medauroidea cattienensis sp.nov.,M.cornuta sp.nov.,M.fasciata sp.nov.,Neomedaura yokdonensis gen.&sp.nov.,Parapachymorpha pseudospinosa sp.nov.and Prosentoria vietnamensis sp.nov.展开更多
Recent studies have revealed a high diversity of pleurostomatid ciliates in brackish habitats. Here, a novel species, Pseudolitonotus spirelis gen. et sp. n., isolated from a mangrove wetland of southern China, was in...Recent studies have revealed a high diversity of pleurostomatid ciliates in brackish habitats. Here, a novel species, Pseudolitonotus spirelis gen. et sp. n., isolated from a mangrove wetland of southern China, was investigated based on living observation, protargol staining, and molecular analyses. The new genus Pseudolitonotus gen. n. is characterized by the last left somatic kinety (LKn) being shortened and none of the right somatic kineties extending to the anterior end of the cell, thus distinguishing it from all known pleurostomatid genera. The type species, Pseudolitonotus spirelis sp. n., is characterized by the possession of two macronuclear nodules, 11–15 right and 7–9 left kineties, a single contractile vacuole subterminally located, extrusomes evenly spaced along the entire ventral margin and some forming an “apical group”, two types of cortical granules, and the bottom of the oral slit invariably being twisted. Litonotus gracilis (Pan et al. Eur J Protistol 51:494–506, 2015) is believed to be another member of this new genus as its LKn and right somatic kineties are all shortened. Hence, a new combination, Pseudolitonotus gracilis (Pan et al., 2015) comb. n., is suggested and its diagnosis is improved. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rDNA sequence data reveal that Pseudolitonotus gen. n. is monophyletic and groups with Apolitonotus (Pan et al. J Eukaryot Microbiol 67:252–262, 2020) of the family Protolitonotidae (Wu et al. Zool Scr 46:245–253, 2017). However, the familial assignment of this new genus is uncertain based on current data.展开更多
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP,2019QZKK0501)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32000304)+4 种基金Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(202101AT070294)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC0505200)Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20050202)Biodiversity Survey,Monitoring and Assessment(2019HB2096001006)Kadoorie Farm&Botanic Garden。
文摘The flying squirrels(Pteromyini,Rodentia)are the most diverse and widely distributed group of gliding mammals.Taxonomic boundaries and relationships within flying squirrels remain an area of active research in mammalogy.The discovery of new specimens of Pteromys(Hylopetes)leonardi Thomas,1921,previously considered a synonym of Hylopetes alboniger,in Yunnan Province,China allowed a morphological and genetic reassessment of the status of this taxon.Phylogenetic reconstruction was implemented using sequences of two mitochondrial(12S ribosomal RNA and 16S ribosomal RNA)and one nuclear(interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein)gene fragments.Morphological assessments involved examinations of features preserved on skins,skulls,and penises of museum specimens,supplemented with principal component analysis of craniometric data.Together these assessments revealed that this taxon should be recognized not only as a distinct species,but should also be placed within a new genus,described here as Priapomys gen.nov.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no.32070223)the Biological Resources Programme,Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant no.KFJ-BRP-017-19)
文摘Previous studies recognized three major lineages of the family Costaceae:a South American clade,an Asian clade and a Costus clade.However,the genus Hellenia within the Asian clade has been shown to be non-monophyletic and its morphology has not been studied carefully.Therefore,the complete plastid genomes of Hellenia species were obtained and the monophyly of Hellenia was tested through four different datasets in this study.Plastid phylogenomic analyses of Costaceae revealed that Hellenia is strongly supported as paraphyletic.Two major clades are recovered,namely the Hellenia s.s.subclade and the Parahellenia subclade.Phylogenetic analyses based on an enlarged taxon sampling of the Asian clade using a two chloroplast markers dataset(trnK intron and trnL-F spacer)confirmed the paraphyly of Hellenia.Meanwhile,morphological analyses suggested that members of the Parahellenia subclade differ from the remaining Hellenia species in many characters including inflorescences,bracts,stigma,axillary buds,floral tubes and labellum.According to the present molecular and morphological evidence,the latter subclade is recognized as a new genus,Parahellenia.Two new species are described,four new combinations are made,and identification keys are also provided.
基金the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(No.2021 M 703434)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32100165,32170205)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.21 ZR 144730)。
文摘Based on a combination of morphology and molecular data of ribosomal DNA genes,a new diatom genus Lineaperpetua gen.nov.Yu,You,Kociolek&Wang is described.The features that help define Lineaperpetua at the level of genus include:a tangentially undulated valve face;continuous cribra areolae on the valve interior consisting of pores arranged as strips;single rimoportula located inside the ring of marginal fultoportulae.Additionally,phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear small subunit(SSU)rDNA sequences and nuclear large subunit(LSU)rDNA gene placed the three strains of L.lacustris in a single,monophyletic clade at a considerable sequence distance from the other genera(Thalassiosira,Conticribra,Planktoniella,Shinodiscus,and other genera)belonging to Thalassiosirales.Despite the similarities with some species of Thalassiosira,Conticribra,and Spicaticribra,the suite of features found in Lineaperpetua differentiate it from these other genera.These molecular data and morphological characters suggest an affinity of the new genus to the Thalassiosiraceae.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31970213,31870187)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province for Excellent Young Scholars(No.YQ2020C032)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(No.2019QZKK0304)。
文摘During our investigation of diatom biodiversity in Xizang,two species exhibited unique morphological features discriminative from all previously known genera.Herein we describe these two species and describe as new the genus,Spargeria gen.nov.The new genus features narrow to wide rectangular valves,narrow valve mantles,filiform raphe branches that occur on the valve face only,terminal raphe fissures straight or slightly deflected to same side,bow-tie shaped central areas,chambered striae present on the valve face only,being absent from the mantle,wider striae near the axial area and very narrow near the margin,multiseriate striae with small and round areolae that are occluded externally.Comparatively,Spargeria zhuii sp.nov.has larger and robust valves,radiate striae,with one divergent stria near the apices,while Spargeria chenia sp.nov.is smaller,with narrow valves,striae slightly radiate in the middle,becoming convergent or parallel near apices.This new genus belongs to the family Pinnulariaceae,and it was compared and contrasted with other genera of this family.Our work suggests the need for continued studies to document the biodiversity of diatoms in Xizang.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No. 2022YFC3105404the Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 42076114, 41776124the Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen under contract No.3502Z20227173。
文摘The flexed frustules in pennate diatoms are usually associated with monoraphid diatoms. Interestingly, we found a biraphid diatom species with flexed frustules in an offshore intertidal beach environment on Weizhou Island,Beihai City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Therefore, based on morphological characteristics, we described a new genus of diatoms Yuzaoea sinensis gen. et sp. nov. CH Li, HH Liu, YH Gao & CP Chen. The frustule of this genus is characterized by heterogeneous frustule with one concave valve and one convex valve,complete raphe on both valves, straight and moderately eccentric raphe, uniseriate striae and girdle bands with a single row of areolae. The most identifying feature of this genus was the flexed frustule, which is rare in biraphid diatoms and common in monoraphid diatoms. We compared the morphometric characteristics of genus Yuzaoea with genus Rhoikoneis and several genera within the family Rhoicospheniaceae, including Rhoicosphenia,Campylopyxis, and Cuneolus. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rRNA and rbc L showed that the genus Yuzaoea was the sister group to the clade of Rhoicosphenia with a high support value(bootstrap values = 100%), and the clade “Yuzaoea+Rhoicosphenia” was sister to the clade of monoraphid diatoms, in which the genera Achnanthidium, Planothidium and some Cocconeis with high support values(bootstrap = 100%).Morphologically, the genus Yuzaoea shares many morphological features with monoraphid diatoms like genera Achnanthidium and Planothidium and the members within the Rhoicospheniaceae. Therefore, based on a combined morphological studies and phylogenetic results we suggested that this branch may represented the evolution of one kind monoraphid diatoms, from biraphid diatoms(e.g. genus Yuzaoea), to incompleted biraphid diatoms(e.g. genera Rhoicosphenia, Campylopyxis), to monoraphid diatoms(e.g. genera Achnanthidium and Planothidium).
基金supported by Natural Science Innovation Project of Education Department of Guangdong Province(2021KTSCX255)Scientific Research Platforms and Projects in Universities in Guangdong,China(2022KCXTD050)。
文摘A new genus and species,Sananicoccus nanophytoni gen.&sp.nov.,is described and illustrated based on its adult female,adult male,first-instar nymph and pupa,collected on the leaves of Nanophyton erinaceum(Pall.)Bunge(Chenopodiaceae)from Xinjiang.The new genus is similar to the genus Synacanthococcus Morrison,1920,but differs by the absence of ostioles and dorsal cerarii,and no cerarii situated on a prominent sclerotized area.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(41406188)Ministry of Science and Technology(2013BAD13B06)+3 种基金the Scientific Research Funds for Central Non-profit Institutes,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,CAFS(2012TS02)Ministry of Agriculture Finance Major Special Project(NFZX2013)the National Basic Research Program of China(2011CB403604)Global Climate Change and Ocean Atmosphere Interaction Research(GASI-03-01-07-01)
文摘This study reviews the Ptilocodiidae from South China Sea,including three species. The diagnoses of the family and each genus are provided. A new genus,Tregouboviopsis Guo,Xu & Huang,gen. nov. is erected,based on the monotypy,Tregouboviopsis perradialis(Xu,Huang & Du,2012) comb. nov.,which is transferred from the genus Tregoubovia. A free eumedusoid of Hydrichthella ocellata Xu,Huang & Wang,sp. nov. is described in the present paper. A key to known genera of family Ptilocodiidae is presented. All type specimens are deposited in the South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Science.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31672328,31750002)。
文摘Parasitic wasps reared from larvae of Stenocephus fraxini on Fraxinus chinnensis from Shandong Province,China were found to be two new species of Pteromalidae(Hymenoptera:Chalcidoidea).The characters of marginal vein,antenna,and propodeum show that the new species is close to the members of Cyrtoptyx,but hairs on thorax are white and conspicuous,the dorsellum is relatively large and reticulated,and marginal fringe on fore wing are absent.All characters are sufficient to justify the erection of a new genus,Neocyrtoptyx gen.nov.,to accommodate the new species N.shanghensis sp.nov.and N.exilis sp.nov.
基金The research was supported by the Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China(31372245).
文摘A new genus,Sacculiphora gen.nov.,is described from China,with a new species,S.cultrata sp.nov.The new genus seems closely related to the genus Maculiphora Disney.It is distinguished from Maculiphora by the frontal bristle formula of 2-4-4 as opposed to 2-2-4,a strongly developed wing vein Sc,clearly fine veins and a cystiform structure on the inner surface of the male fore femur.
文摘Marshall (1916) referred 26 species to genus Leptomias Fst.and .put generic names Heteromias Fst., Parisomias Fst. and Piazomias Lacd. (part) as its synonyms. Gunther and Zumpt (1933) added Cneorrhinus Redtenb.also in the list of synonyms of Leptomias st.Later on, Aslam (1961) revalidated Parisomias Fst.reshuffled the position of a few species and described a number of new species under the restricted Leptomias Fst.Accordingiy, as many as 32 species were referred to the genus Leptomias Fst.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31270249,31600166)
文摘The genus Muelleria is reported for the first time from China in this paper. The new diatom species M uelleria pseudogibbula sp. nov. was observed during a survey of diatoms from Zoigê Wetland, Sichuan Province, China. The morphological characters of this new species were documented by light and scanning electron microscope and compared with similar species. M. pseudogibbula is characterized by its lanceolate to linear-lanceolate valve outline with rounded apices, two longitudinal canals running parallel to each side of the raphe, proximal ends of the raphe deflected to the same directions and finishing before the first row of areolae, and curved distal raphe ends, forming two divergent branches.
文摘The present paper deals with ten new species and one new record species of the Genus Bibio Geoffroy from China. The type specimens are kept in the Insect Collections of Beijing Agricultural University. 1. Bibio parvispinalis, sp. nov. (fig, 1) This new species is very similar to B. tenebrosus Coquilletti, but can be distinguished from the latter by the antenna 12-segmented, the last segment of palpi two times longe than wide, the spina of the front tibia rather sharp pointed, the tergum 9 of the
文摘Taxonomic and faunistic results are presented for three genera of the tribe Pyraustini Meyrick, 1890 of the subfamily Pyraustinae Meyrick, 1890 based on material from the southern Arabian Peninsula. The new genus Dysgrammodes gen.n. is established and placed in the tribe Pyraustini Meyrick, 1890. It shares synapomorphies in the male genitalia with the genera Loxostege Hübner, 1825, Circobotys Butler, 1897, Anania Hübner, 1823, and Pagyda Walker, 1859. Character states differentiating the new genus from these genera are listed. The genus is monotypical, with Dysgrammodes rubrifascialis sp.n. as its type species. Taxonomic and faunistic updates are given for the genera Pyrausta Schrank, 1802 and Anania Hübner, 1823. Pyrausta flavicilialis sp.n. is newly described and placed close to the Afrotropical species Pyrausta centralis Maes, 2009 and Pyrausta grisealis Maes, 2009. Pyrausta phoenicealis Hübner, 1818 is reported for the first time in Saudi Arabia. The presence of the genus Anania Hübner, 1823 is reported as new to the entomofauna of the Arabian Peninsula. The records are attributed to the new species Anania interruptalis sp.n. The new species is recognized as unique among the Afrotropical species of the genus in wing maculation and placed close to Anania murcialis (Ragonot, 1895), Anania hortulata (Linnaeus, 1758) and Anania shanxiensis (Yang & Landry, 2019). The adults of each of the new species and of Pyruasta phoenicealis (Hübner, 1818), the male genitalia of Dysgrammodes rubrifascialis gen.n., sp.n. and of Pyrausta flavicilialis sp.n., the female genitalia of Dysgrammodes rubrifascialis gen.n., sp.n., Anania interruptalis sp.n. and of Pyruasta phoenicealis (Hübner, 1818), and the tympanal organs of Pyrausta flavicilialis sp.n. and of Anania interruptalis sp.n. are described and figured.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFA0601302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42076114,41876146,41776124)。
文摘A new monotypic diatom genus Chinia gen.nov.from estuarine mangrove habitats in Fujian,China is described.Light,scanning and transmission electron microscopy observations of its morphology show that this diatom differs from any established raphid diatom genus.The new genus is distinguished by a strongly undulate valve face,eccentric raphe canal,and perforated copulae.Its distinctly elevated and perforated raphe canal,classifi ed as simonsenioid type,is supported by sparse infundibulum-like portulae,and the portulae are separated by large fenestrae.The valves of Chinia also have hymenate areolar occlusions and the raphe lacks a central nodule.However,unlike most Bacillariaceae with two plastids,including Simonsenia,Chinia has a single plastid similar to those in Entomoneis and Surirella.Despite the similarities to Simonsenia,Chinia features porous raphe canal and loose striation,which is different from those of Simonsenia that has a solid raphe canal and distinct rows of areolae.These distinctive cytological and morphological characters suggest an affinity of the new genus to the Bacillariaceae.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.31970213,31870187)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province for Excellent Young Scholars (No.YQ2020C032)。
文摘An interesting group of cymbelloid diatoms was collected from lakes in Yunnan Province,China,and observations on their valve morphology made using light and scanning electron microscopy.These cymbelloid species all have apical pore fields,slit-like areolae,and areolar occlusions,and they all lack of stigmata.In this paper we propose the new genus Qinia gen.nov.for these taxa and describe them as new:Q.lashii sp.nov.,Q.aequalis sp.nov.,and Q.daliensis sp.nov.The genus Qinia gen.nov.has lanceolate valves asymmetrical about their apical axes,raphe located in the middle of valve,distal raphe ends bent to the dorsal margin that bisects the apical pore fields(APFs),no stigmata,areolae with slit-like external openings and projections occluding the areolar openings internally.This genus resembles the genus Cymbella in the presence of APFs,but differs from Cymbella by a lack of stigmata,and by having external distal raphe ends that bisect the apical pore fields.Like Reimeria,the external distal raphe ends bisect the lobes of the APF,but Qinia species differ from Reimeria in that they have no stigmata and the distal raphe ends are deflected dorsally,not ventrally.Comparisons were made between Qinia and other cymbelloid genera whose members possess apical pore fields.Features that distinguish each species of the new genus are also discussed.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41806179the China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association Program under contract No.DY135-E2-2-03
文摘Ceuthonoe,a new genus with type species C.nezhai sp.n.commensal with euplectellid glass sponge(Hexactinellida:Euplectellidae),is described and illustrated,based on the material collected from Weijia Guyot,western Pacific.The new genus is distinguished by a combination of characters:body with 32 segments;14 pairs of elytra;prostomium with prominent cephalic peaks and facial tubercle;aciculae and chaetae on tentaculophores;biramous parapodium,each ramus with a long aciculum penetrating epidermis,without supraor subacicular process;and noto-and neurochaetae with unidentate tips.Ceuthonoe gen.n.is mostly silimar to genera of Polynoinae in morphology.However the phylogenetic analysis based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I,16 S,18 S,and 28 S genes suggested that this new genus was separated from the main branch of Polynoinae.The study also discussed the genera related to the new genus.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(project numbers:42276094,41976086)Researchers Supporting Project Number(project number:RSP2023R10)King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.We are grateful to Prof.Weibo Song(OUC,China)and Dr.Brandon Kwee Boon Seah(Max Planck Institute for Biology,Tübingen,Germany)for their suggestions while drafting the manuscript.
文摘Ciliates in the class Prostomatea play an important role in the global microbial loop due to their signifcant abundances and broad feeding strategies at the foundation of food webs.Despite their importance in ecosystems,the taxonomy and systematics of this group of ciliates has long been poorly understood,with this being especially true for members of the family Lagynusidae.Here we examine four lagynusids collected from sandy beaches in China,using silver-staining and 18S rRNA gene sequencing techniques.These investigations revealed two new genera and two new species and provided details for two little known forms:Penardella marina gen.nov.,sp.nov.,Apolagynus cucumis(as reported by Penard.Études sur les infusoires d’eau douce.Georg and Cie,Genève,1922)gen.nov.,comb.nov.,Lagynus minutus sp.nov.,and Lagynus elegans(Engelmann in Z Wiss Zool 11:347-393,1862)Quennerstedt(Acta Univ Lund 4:1-48,1867).Penardella gen.nov.can be morphologically distinguished by having more than three dikinetidal perioral kineties.Apolagynus gen.nov.difers from the closely related genus Lagynus in the absence of a conspicuous neck-like region.The ciliature of Apolagynus cucumis is revealed here for the frst time,which demonstrates the classifcation of this species within Lagynusidae.Furthermore,Apolagynus binucleatus(Jiang et al.,2021)comb.nov.is established according to the new fnding.The results of our phylogenetic analyses based on the 18S rRNA gene support the establishment of two new genera and indicate that Lagynusidae is monophyletic,which further strengthens its valid taxonomic status.
基金funded by the Science&Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program of China (2023FY100200).
文摘Four new genera in three spider families are reported, namely Langlibaitiao Lin &Li, gen. nov., of Dictynidae O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871, with Lathys inaffecta Li, 2017(♂♀,China: Guangxi) as the type species;Huoyanluo Lin & Li, gen. nov., of Macrobunidae Petrunkevitch, 1928, with Huoyanluo ruanxiaoqi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂, China: Yunnan) as the type species and Gushangzao Lin & Li, gen. nov. and Gyro Lin & Li, gen. nov., of Theridiidae Sundevall, 1833, with Gushangzao shiqian Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Xizang) and Gyro zeppeli Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Yunnan) as the type species, respectively. Further 31 new species in 19 spider families are reported, including Agelenidae C.L. Koch, 1837:Troglocoelotes doul Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Guangxi) and T. ruanxiaowu Lin & Li, sp.nov.(♀, China: Guangxi);Dictynidae: Langlibaitiao zhangshun Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂, China:Hainan);Hahniidae Bertkau, 1878: Hahnia zhuyifani Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Yunnan);Liocranidae Simon, 1897: Platnick xintongi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Xizang);Macrobunidae: Funny yanqing Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Xizang) and Huoyanluo zhangzezhongi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂, China: Yunnan);Mysmenidae Petrunkevitch, 1928:Phricotelus yangxiong Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Chongqing);Nemesiidae Simon, 1889:Raveniola shixiu Lin, Wang & Li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Guangxi) and R. xiezhen Lin, Wang & Li,sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Yunnan);Nesticidae Simon,1894: Speleoticus sicet Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀,China: Sichuan);Ochyroceratidae Fage, 1912: Speocera yiduoi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂, China:Guangdong);Oecobiidae Blackwall, 1862: Uroctea chenyui Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China:Guangxi);Oonopidae Simon, 1890: Orchestina xiebao Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♀, China:Chongqing);Philodromidae Thorell, 1869: Apollophanes lujiani Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China:Guangxi) and Psellonus dawanqu Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Guangdong);Salticidae Blackwall, 1841: Coccorchestes spark Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, Indonesia, West Papua),Onomastus zhuwu Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Chongqing) and Synagelides huangxin Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Chongqing);Sparassidae Bertkau,1872: Thelcticopis chongzu Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Yunnan);Symphytognathidae Hickman,1931: Kirinua zhengqi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Guangxi);Synotaxidae Simon,1895: Tekellina haosiwen Lin & Li, sp.nov.(♂♀, China: Chongqing) and T. huihangi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Zhejiang);Theridiidae: Chrosiothes pengqi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Chongqing), Coscinida hantao Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Chongqing), Gushangzao goemon Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, Japan,Iriomotejima Island), Theridion chenzhangfui Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Zhejiang) and Yaginumena xuanzan Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Chongqing);Theridiosomatidae Simon,1881: Coddingtonia chenyufengi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♀, Vietnam: Hai Phong) and Sennin zhangxinae Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, Vietnam: Hai Phong);Zodariidae Thorell, 1881: Mallinella zhoushengboi Lin & Li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Chongqing). Four new combinations in three spider families are proposed: Philodromidae: Psellonus kianganensis(Barrion & Litsinger, 1995) comb. nov.;Theridiidae: Gushangzao pelorosus(Zhu, 1998) comb. nov. and Dictynidae: Langlibaitiao chishuiensis(Zhang, Yang & Zhang, 2009) comb. nov. and L. inaffectus(Li, 2017) comb. nov.
文摘In this study,one new genus and seven new species from the Clitumninae of Vietnam are described and illustrated,namely Interphasma lineatum sp.nov.,Medauroidea cattienensis sp.nov.,M.cornuta sp.nov.,M.fasciata sp.nov.,Neomedaura yokdonensis gen.&sp.nov.,Parapachymorpha pseudospinosa sp.nov.and Prosentoria vietnamensis sp.nov.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Project Numbers:42076113,31761133001,41576148)supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Project Number:2018M640796)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Project Number:2020A1515111125).
文摘Recent studies have revealed a high diversity of pleurostomatid ciliates in brackish habitats. Here, a novel species, Pseudolitonotus spirelis gen. et sp. n., isolated from a mangrove wetland of southern China, was investigated based on living observation, protargol staining, and molecular analyses. The new genus Pseudolitonotus gen. n. is characterized by the last left somatic kinety (LKn) being shortened and none of the right somatic kineties extending to the anterior end of the cell, thus distinguishing it from all known pleurostomatid genera. The type species, Pseudolitonotus spirelis sp. n., is characterized by the possession of two macronuclear nodules, 11–15 right and 7–9 left kineties, a single contractile vacuole subterminally located, extrusomes evenly spaced along the entire ventral margin and some forming an “apical group”, two types of cortical granules, and the bottom of the oral slit invariably being twisted. Litonotus gracilis (Pan et al. Eur J Protistol 51:494–506, 2015) is believed to be another member of this new genus as its LKn and right somatic kineties are all shortened. Hence, a new combination, Pseudolitonotus gracilis (Pan et al., 2015) comb. n., is suggested and its diagnosis is improved. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rDNA sequence data reveal that Pseudolitonotus gen. n. is monophyletic and groups with Apolitonotus (Pan et al. J Eukaryot Microbiol 67:252–262, 2020) of the family Protolitonotidae (Wu et al. Zool Scr 46:245–253, 2017). However, the familial assignment of this new genus is uncertain based on current data.
