Urban night tourism is a new form of urban tourism development and an important driving force for the prosperity of urban night economy.As the most prestigious business card among many night tour projects in Guangzhou...Urban night tourism is a new form of urban tourism development and an important driving force for the prosperity of urban night economy.As the most prestigious business card among many night tour projects in Guangzhou,the Pearl River water night tour has contributed to the development of Guangzhou s night economy,which cannot be underestimated.However,in the process of rapid development,there are also problems such as diversified operators,insufficient integration of intangible cultural elements,excessive commercial attributes,issues of tourism facilities and service facilities.Under the new stage of integrated development of culture and tourism,how to use mutual promotion of culture and tourism in the Pearl River night tour to seek innovative paths for high-quality development in the future is the main problem expected to be solved in this paper.Therefore,based on the perspective of culture and tourism integration,this paper analyzes the general situation and development status of the Pearl River night tour,and proposes five development strategies:the overall planning of culture and tourism integration,the deep integration of intangible cultural elements,the balance of commercial attributes and tourism attributes,the high integration of culture,business,tourism and education,and the creation of tourism atmosphere,in order to provide inspiration for the healthy,orderly and high-quality development of the Pearl River night tour.展开更多
Night tourism often involves a large number of lighting facilities,which consume a large amount of energy.Therefore,one of the unique low energy consumption natural ecological tourism activities—firefly night tour ha...Night tourism often involves a large number of lighting facilities,which consume a large amount of energy.Therefore,one of the unique low energy consumption natural ecological tourism activities—firefly night tour has attracted attention and become an important breakthrough point for night tourism in tourist destinations.In this paper,Guangzhou firefly night tour project is taken as the research object.Based on the comprehensive economic,environmental,and socio-cultural benefits brought by the development of firefly night tour,the resources distribution,current development status,and existing problems of firefly night tour in Guangzhou are analyzed,and its high-quality development paths are proposed from three levels:government,industry,and tourist.The aim is to explore a new model for the economic development of Guangzhou night tour,boosting the transformation and upgrading of the night tourism economy,while also providing reference ideas and value for the development of night tourism economy in other tourist destinations.展开更多
Night lighting has been shown to affect wild animals.To date,the effects of night lighting on the metabolic homeostasis of birds that spend short time in urban environments remain unclear.Using model bird species Zebr...Night lighting has been shown to affect wild animals.To date,the effects of night lighting on the metabolic homeostasis of birds that spend short time in urban environments remain unclear.Using model bird species Zebra Finch(Taeniopygia guttata),we investigated the effects of short-term night lighting on liver transcriptome,blood glucose,triglyceride,and thyroxine(T4 and T3)levels in birds exposed to two different night lighting duration periods(three days and six days).After three days of night lighting exposure,the expression of genes involved in fat synthesis in the liver was upregulated while the expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and triglyceride decomposition was downregulated.There was also a reduction in blood triglyceride,glucose,and T3 concentrations.However,after six days of night lighting,the expression of genes associated with fatty acid decomposition and hyperglycemia in the liver was upregulated,while the expression of genes involved in fat synthesis was downregulated.Simultaneously,blood glucose levels and T3 concentration increased.These findings indicate that short-term exposure to night lighting can disrupt the lipid and glucose metabolism of small passerine birds,and longer stopovers in urban area with intense night lighting may cause birds to consume more lipid energy.展开更多
The visible-light imaging system used in military equipment is often subjected to severe weather conditions, such as fog, haze, and smoke, under complex lighting conditions at night that significantly degrade the acqu...The visible-light imaging system used in military equipment is often subjected to severe weather conditions, such as fog, haze, and smoke, under complex lighting conditions at night that significantly degrade the acquired images. Currently available image defogging methods are mostly suitable for environments with natural light in the daytime, but the clarity of images captured under complex lighting conditions and spatial changes in the presence of fog at night is not satisfactory. This study proposes an algorithm to remove night fog from single images based on an analysis of the statistical characteristics of images in scenes involving night fog. Color channel transfer is designed to compensate for the high attenuation channel of foggy images acquired at night. The distribution of transmittance is estimated by the deep convolutional network DehazeNet, and the spatial variation of atmospheric light is estimated in a point-by-point manner according to the maximum reflection prior to recover the clear image. The results of experiments show that the proposed method can compensate for the high attenuation channel of foggy images at night, remove the effect of glow from a multi-color and non-uniform ambient source of light, and improve the adaptability and visual effect of the removal of night fog from images compared with the conventional method.展开更多
According to data from ii-Media Research,China’s night economy has grown rapidly since 2016.By the end of 2020,the scale of China’s night economy had exceeded RMB 30 trillion,an increase of 5.0%over the same period ...According to data from ii-Media Research,China’s night economy has grown rapidly since 2016.By the end of 2020,the scale of China’s night economy had exceeded RMB 30 trillion,an increase of 5.0%over the same period of last year,and it is expected to exceed RMB 48 trillion in 2023.According to the latest survey data of the Ocean Engine City Institute in 2023,more than 60%of respondents will go out for activities or consumption at night,among which citizens in high-speed cities have a higher preference for going out at night because of the relatively perfect urban infrastructure.展开更多
Improved picture quality is critical to the effectiveness of object recog-nition and tracking.The consistency of those photos is impacted by night-video systems because the contrast between high-profile items and diffe...Improved picture quality is critical to the effectiveness of object recog-nition and tracking.The consistency of those photos is impacted by night-video systems because the contrast between high-profile items and different atmospheric conditions,such as mist,fog,dust etc.The pictures then shift in intensity,colour,polarity and consistency.A general challenge for computer vision analyses lies in the horrid appearance of night images in arbitrary illumination and ambient envir-onments.In recent years,target recognition techniques focused on deep learning and machine learning have become standard algorithms for object detection with the exponential growth of computer performance capabilities.However,the iden-tification of objects in the night world also poses further problems because of the distorted backdrop and dim light.The Correlation aware LSTM based YOLO(You Look Only Once)classifier method for exact object recognition and deter-mining its properties under night vision was a major inspiration for this work.In order to create virtual target sets similar to daily environments,we employ night images as inputs;and to obtain high enhanced image using histogram based enhancement and iterative wienerfilter for removing the noise in the image.The process of the feature extraction and feature selection was done for electing the potential features using the Adaptive internal linear embedding(AILE)and uplift linear discriminant analysis(ULDA).The region of interest mask can be segmen-ted using the Recurrent-Phase Level set Segmentation.Finally,we use deep con-volution feature fusion and region of interest pooling to integrate the presently extremely sophisticated quicker Long short term memory based(LSTM)with YOLO method for object tracking system.A range of experimentalfindings demonstrate that our technique achieves high average accuracy with a precision of 99.7%for object detection of SSAN datasets that is considerably more than that of the other standard object detection mechanism.Our approach may therefore satisfy the true demands of night scene target detection applications.We very much believe that our method will help future research.展开更多
In the UK,Bonfire Night or Guy Fawkes Night is celebrated on 5 November and the night skies are filled with colour.It’s a special day in honour of a historic event.
In this paper a new methodology is outlined to detect the dust content in the Martian atmosphere during nighttime. In the previous Lander missions to Mars, scientists were able to determine the dust load in the Martia...In this paper a new methodology is outlined to detect the dust content in the Martian atmosphere during nighttime. In the previous Lander missions to Mars, scientists were able to determine the dust load in the Martian atmosphere during daylight using spectral lines of the Sun. Since the dynamics of Martian dust storms had been determined to be very rapid changing over times of hours and not days, it is imperative to determine the dust load during nighttime, so future astronauts to Mars can take protective measures for their equipment. They can also factor this effect for their planned activities during daytime. The new methodology greatly improves on the classical method for determining the extinction in the Earth’s atmosphere. The classical method uses observations of bright stars from which the optical depth, ?total, can then be deduced from the classical brightness equation. The classical method succeeds reasonably well at high elevation angles from the horizon but fails dramatically at low elevation angles. It also determines ?total from the slope of a plot of observed brightness of a bright star vs. air mass at all elevations. The plot shows a straight line at high elevations angles, which then curves and becomes uncertain at low elevation angles. The new methodology bypasses this severe difficulty by simply eliminating this plot, and by acquiring the brightness of a bright star above the atmosphere (no extinction) and compares it to the observed bright- ness of the same star below the atmosphere at all elevations.展开更多
Traveling is one major theme of Fitzgerald's novel Tender Is the Night. This fashionable activity for the 1920 s Americans is represented in the novel as ostensibly bearing different meanings to the main character...Traveling is one major theme of Fitzgerald's novel Tender Is the Night. This fashionable activity for the 1920 s Americans is represented in the novel as ostensibly bearing different meanings to the main characters, but a deeper look would reveal that it is unanimously resorted to as a weapon against the spiritual barrenness caused by the cult of business, and more importantly, as a way to the experience of rootedness.展开更多
Going to the movies has become an expensive and often annoying activity.In some parts of the country,movie-goers are paying as much as＄10.50 a ticket. Multiply that times two if you take a friend;then add in popcorn ...Going to the movies has become an expensive and often annoying activity.In some parts of the country,movie-goers are paying as much as＄10.50 a ticket. Multiply that times two if you take a friend;then add in popcorn and soda,and maybe some chocolate covered raisins,too---they are"nature’s candy"---and you’re＄40 the poorer.展开更多
Night is Elie Wiesel's classic memoir of the Holocaust. One of its central themes is that once involved in war, a person is doomed to undergo a transformation from a human being to a soulless body. To understand t...Night is Elie Wiesel's classic memoir of the Holocaust. One of its central themes is that once involved in war, a person is doomed to undergo a transformation from a human being to a soulless body. To understand this theme, we shall have to travel with Eliezer, the protagonist as well as the fi rst person narrator, through the long nights of living in fear of hunger, terror, and violence. Hopefully, the leg of this journey would reveal how the consistent exposure to traumatic experiences can compel a person to abandon the soul as his or her emotional and spiritual homebase.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the relationship between high myopia [with or without complete congenital stationary night blindness(CSNB1)] and TRPM1 and NYX.METHODS: Two unrelated families with early-onset high myopia(eo HM) and...AIM:To investigate the relationship between high myopia [with or without complete congenital stationary night blindness(CSNB1)] and TRPM1 and NYX.METHODS: Two unrelated families with early-onset high myopia(eo HM) and 96 normal controls were recruited.Sanger sequencing or clone sequencing were used for mutation screening.Further analyses of the available family members and the 96 normal controls were subsequently conducted to obtain additional evidence of the pathogenicity of these variants.The initial diagnosis of the probands was eo HM.We performed a further comprehensive examination of the available family members after mutations were detected in TRPM1 or NYX. RESULTS: Two novel compound heterozygous mutations in TRPM1 were detected in the recruited families.The proband in family A with eo HM carried a c.2594 C >T missense mutation in exon 19 and a c.669 +3_669 +6del AAGT splicing mutation,which was co-segregated with CSNB1 in this family.A patient in family B with a compound heterozygous missense mutation(c.3262 G>A and c.3250 T>C) was detected.No mutations were found in NYX.These two identified compound heterozygous mutations were not found in the 96 normal controls.After further examination of the family members,the patients in family A could be diagnosed as eo HM with CSNB1.However due to the limited clinic data,the patient in family B cloud not clearly diagnosed as CSNB1.CONCLUSION: This study has expanded the mutation spectrum of TRPM1 for CSNB1 and additional studiesare needed to elucidate the association between isolated high myopia and TRPM1 and NYX.展开更多
Night,Mother is a famous play about female identification.It is about Jessie,a middle aged woman,who,through many years’struggle,decides to kill herself at nine o’clock in an ordinary night in her mother’s house.Je...Night,Mother is a famous play about female identification.It is about Jessie,a middle aged woman,who,through many years’struggle,decides to kill herself at nine o’clock in an ordinary night in her mother’s house.Jessie’s fighting for female identity and corresponding power would be analyzed.In the play,Jessie tries two ways to get her power,one by trying to imitating men to get accepted by patriarchal society,and the other by revolting outside resistance and insisting her pursuit of self rights and freedom.展开更多
In this paper, a novel fusion framework is proposed for night-vision applications such as pedestrian recognition,vehicle navigation and surveillance. The underlying concept is to combine low-light visible and infrared...In this paper, a novel fusion framework is proposed for night-vision applications such as pedestrian recognition,vehicle navigation and surveillance. The underlying concept is to combine low-light visible and infrared imagery into a single output to enhance visual perception. The proposed framework is computationally simple since it is only realized in the spatial domain. The core idea is to obtain an initial fused image by averaging all the source images. The initial fused image is then enhanced by selecting the most salient features guided from the root mean square error(RMSE) and fractal dimension of the visual and infrared images to obtain the final fused image.Extensive experiments on different scene imaginary demonstrate that it is consistently superior to the conventional image fusion methods in terms of visual and quantitative evaluations.展开更多
A design of low-light-level night vision system is described,which can image objects selectively in the specific space. The system can selectively image some objects in specific distances,meanwhile ignore those shelte...A design of low-light-level night vision system is described,which can image objects selectively in the specific space. The system can selectively image some objects in specific distances,meanwhile ignore those shelters on the way of observation by combining an intensifying charge coupled device(ICCD) with a near infrared laser assisted in vision,whose operation wavelength matches with the photocathode of the image tube,and adopting the gated mode and adjustable time-delay. A semiconductor laser diode of 100 W in peak power is chosen for illumination. The laser and the image tube operate in 150 ns pulse width and 2 kHz repeat frequency. Some images of different objects at the different distances within 100 m can be obtained clearly,and even behind a grove by using a sampling circuit and a delay control device at 100 W in peak power of semiconductor laser diode,150 ns in pulse width of laser and image tube,2 kHz in repeat frequency.展开更多
Extreme environmental conditions are key factors in the formation of the structure and diversity of microbial communities. In meromictic ecosystems, extreme conditions and a stable stratification of physical, chemical...Extreme environmental conditions are key factors in the formation of the structure and diversity of microbial communities. In meromictic ecosystems, extreme conditions and a stable stratification of physical, chemical and biological parameters lead to diversity and heterogeneity of microenvironments. Lake Doroninskoe is located in an extreme geographical area and diff ers from other known meromictic reservoirs of the world by a low level of illumination in the chemocline and a rare type of alkaline water in sedimentary rocks formed by evaporative concentration. To understand the key factors that shape the composition and structure of the microbial community, the macro-and micro-variations in space and time are of great importance. We investigated the short-term dynamics of the structure and diversity of microbial communities of the meromictic soda lake, Lake Doroninskoe, at day and night using highthroughput sequencing and bioinformatics. Metagenomic analysis of 16 S rRNA gene amplicons showed that the microbial communities had a high taxonomic diversity both at day and night. Sixteen bacterial and three archaeal phyla were identified. Proteobacteria were dominant and comprised 75% during the day, increasing to 90% at night. Metabolically stable denitrifying bacteria that were able to use a variety of alternative electron acceptors and electron donors were prevalent in Lake Doroninskoe. They belonged to the families Enterobacteriaceae(class Gammaproteobacteria) and Alcaligenaceae(class Betaproteobacteria). Statistically significant differences between day and night microbial communities were found. During the day, the microbial community was the most diverse. We discuss the peculiarities of the underexplored shortterm dynamics of the structure and diversity of the microbial communities of the meromictic soda Lake Doroninskoe, and propose topics for prospective studies.展开更多
Introduction: The exposure to shift works, and especially to night shift, goes against the circadian rythmicity of the social man, which brings about a multitude of disruptive effects on health. In a hospital environm...Introduction: The exposure to shift works, and especially to night shift, goes against the circadian rythmicity of the social man, which brings about a multitude of disruptive effects on health. In a hospital environment, such night shift is necessary so as to ensure the continuity of care. Sleep and vigilance disorders related to this work mode are frequent and often pose adaptation problems. The objective of this study is to detect the harmful effects of night shift on sleep, vigilance and the quality of life of nurses in Farhat Hached Teaching Hospital in Sousse. Material and Methods: It is a cross-sectional study carried out among two groups of nurses: one group performing a fixed night work and the other one working permanently during the day at Farhat Hached Teaching Hospital in Sousse. Data collection is mainly based on validated questionnaires evaluating sleep quality (Pittsburg sleep quality index), daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale), sleep typology (Horne and Ostberg questionnaire), and the quality of life (SF-12). An objective evaluation of vigilance was realized by the study of reaction time and error rates to different tasks of “Super lab” software. Results: 50 night and 50 day nurses have been colligated. Both groups were age- and gender-matched. Sleep quality mean index was significantly higher among night nurses in comparison with day nurses (10.2 ± 5.9 versus 6.76 ± 5.16). After multivariate analysis, sleep quality was significantly correlated to age, department, schedule and the choice of schedule. Night shift was not related to daytime sleepiness. The objective analysis of vigilance showed that the reaction time to different tasks exploring the attentional mechanisms, as well as errors rate, were significantly more important among the night group. The mental score of the quality of life was significantly higher among day nurses. However, such difference was not significant with regard to physical score. Conclusion: The findings of our study highlight not only the alteration of the health and the well being of paramedical staff secondary to night shift, but also a possible threat to safety care lavished by these teams, which involves the necessity to undertake preventive measures on an individual and collective scale.展开更多
This essay directs at the water imagery of two poems Happy Rain on a Spring Night and A Drop Fell on the Apple Tree.Although living in different time and place, Chinese poet Du Fu and American poetess Emily Dickinson ...This essay directs at the water imagery of two poems Happy Rain on a Spring Night and A Drop Fell on the Apple Tree.Although living in different time and place, Chinese poet Du Fu and American poetess Emily Dickinson share some deep understanding of the water. This secret of water imagery is unveiled in this essay with the help of Archetypal Criticism, revealing its significance to the human beings as a race.展开更多
基金the"14 th Five-year"Plan Project for the Development of Philosophy and Social Sciences of Guangzhou(2023GZGJ83)the Guangdong Ploytechnic of Industry and Commerce Project(2023-SKJ-20).
文摘Urban night tourism is a new form of urban tourism development and an important driving force for the prosperity of urban night economy.As the most prestigious business card among many night tour projects in Guangzhou,the Pearl River water night tour has contributed to the development of Guangzhou s night economy,which cannot be underestimated.However,in the process of rapid development,there are also problems such as diversified operators,insufficient integration of intangible cultural elements,excessive commercial attributes,issues of tourism facilities and service facilities.Under the new stage of integrated development of culture and tourism,how to use mutual promotion of culture and tourism in the Pearl River night tour to seek innovative paths for high-quality development in the future is the main problem expected to be solved in this paper.Therefore,based on the perspective of culture and tourism integration,this paper analyzes the general situation and development status of the Pearl River night tour,and proposes five development strategies:the overall planning of culture and tourism integration,the deep integration of intangible cultural elements,the balance of commercial attributes and tourism attributes,the high integration of culture,business,tourism and education,and the creation of tourism atmosphere,in order to provide inspiration for the healthy,orderly and high-quality development of the Pearl River night tour.
基金the 14th Five-year Plan Project for the Development of Philosophy and Social Sciences of Guangzhou(2023GZGJ83)the 2021 General University Key Scientific Research Project of Department of Education of Guangdong Province(2021ZDZX4104)+1 种基金Project of Guangdong Provincial Department of Education(2021GDJG600,2021ZQXY45)the Guangdong Ploytechnic of Industry and Commerce Project(2023-SKJ-20).
文摘Night tourism often involves a large number of lighting facilities,which consume a large amount of energy.Therefore,one of the unique low energy consumption natural ecological tourism activities—firefly night tour has attracted attention and become an important breakthrough point for night tourism in tourist destinations.In this paper,Guangzhou firefly night tour project is taken as the research object.Based on the comprehensive economic,environmental,and socio-cultural benefits brought by the development of firefly night tour,the resources distribution,current development status,and existing problems of firefly night tour in Guangzhou are analyzed,and its high-quality development paths are proposed from three levels:government,industry,and tourist.The aim is to explore a new model for the economic development of Guangzhou night tour,boosting the transformation and upgrading of the night tourism economy,while also providing reference ideas and value for the development of night tourism economy in other tourist destinations.
基金supported by grants from Key laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Area,National Ethnic Affairs Commission(KLEEMA202207)the Graduate Research and Practice Projects of Minzu University of China(BZKY2022042).
文摘Night lighting has been shown to affect wild animals.To date,the effects of night lighting on the metabolic homeostasis of birds that spend short time in urban environments remain unclear.Using model bird species Zebra Finch(Taeniopygia guttata),we investigated the effects of short-term night lighting on liver transcriptome,blood glucose,triglyceride,and thyroxine(T4 and T3)levels in birds exposed to two different night lighting duration periods(three days and six days).After three days of night lighting exposure,the expression of genes involved in fat synthesis in the liver was upregulated while the expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and triglyceride decomposition was downregulated.There was also a reduction in blood triglyceride,glucose,and T3 concentrations.However,after six days of night lighting,the expression of genes associated with fatty acid decomposition and hyperglycemia in the liver was upregulated,while the expression of genes involved in fat synthesis was downregulated.Simultaneously,blood glucose levels and T3 concentration increased.These findings indicate that short-term exposure to night lighting can disrupt the lipid and glucose metabolism of small passerine birds,and longer stopovers in urban area with intense night lighting may cause birds to consume more lipid energy.
基金supported by a grant from the Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology (Grant No. GZZKFJJ2020004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61875013 and 61827814)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality (Grant No. Z190018)。
文摘The visible-light imaging system used in military equipment is often subjected to severe weather conditions, such as fog, haze, and smoke, under complex lighting conditions at night that significantly degrade the acquired images. Currently available image defogging methods are mostly suitable for environments with natural light in the daytime, but the clarity of images captured under complex lighting conditions and spatial changes in the presence of fog at night is not satisfactory. This study proposes an algorithm to remove night fog from single images based on an analysis of the statistical characteristics of images in scenes involving night fog. Color channel transfer is designed to compensate for the high attenuation channel of foggy images acquired at night. The distribution of transmittance is estimated by the deep convolutional network DehazeNet, and the spatial variation of atmospheric light is estimated in a point-by-point manner according to the maximum reflection prior to recover the clear image. The results of experiments show that the proposed method can compensate for the high attenuation channel of foggy images at night, remove the effect of glow from a multi-color and non-uniform ambient source of light, and improve the adaptability and visual effect of the removal of night fog from images compared with the conventional method.
文摘According to data from ii-Media Research,China’s night economy has grown rapidly since 2016.By the end of 2020,the scale of China’s night economy had exceeded RMB 30 trillion,an increase of 5.0%over the same period of last year,and it is expected to exceed RMB 48 trillion in 2023.According to the latest survey data of the Ocean Engine City Institute in 2023,more than 60%of respondents will go out for activities or consumption at night,among which citizens in high-speed cities have a higher preference for going out at night because of the relatively perfect urban infrastructure.
文摘Improved picture quality is critical to the effectiveness of object recog-nition and tracking.The consistency of those photos is impacted by night-video systems because the contrast between high-profile items and different atmospheric conditions,such as mist,fog,dust etc.The pictures then shift in intensity,colour,polarity and consistency.A general challenge for computer vision analyses lies in the horrid appearance of night images in arbitrary illumination and ambient envir-onments.In recent years,target recognition techniques focused on deep learning and machine learning have become standard algorithms for object detection with the exponential growth of computer performance capabilities.However,the iden-tification of objects in the night world also poses further problems because of the distorted backdrop and dim light.The Correlation aware LSTM based YOLO(You Look Only Once)classifier method for exact object recognition and deter-mining its properties under night vision was a major inspiration for this work.In order to create virtual target sets similar to daily environments,we employ night images as inputs;and to obtain high enhanced image using histogram based enhancement and iterative wienerfilter for removing the noise in the image.The process of the feature extraction and feature selection was done for electing the potential features using the Adaptive internal linear embedding(AILE)and uplift linear discriminant analysis(ULDA).The region of interest mask can be segmen-ted using the Recurrent-Phase Level set Segmentation.Finally,we use deep con-volution feature fusion and region of interest pooling to integrate the presently extremely sophisticated quicker Long short term memory based(LSTM)with YOLO method for object tracking system.A range of experimentalfindings demonstrate that our technique achieves high average accuracy with a precision of 99.7%for object detection of SSAN datasets that is considerably more than that of the other standard object detection mechanism.Our approach may therefore satisfy the true demands of night scene target detection applications.We very much believe that our method will help future research.
文摘In the UK,Bonfire Night or Guy Fawkes Night is celebrated on 5 November and the night skies are filled with colour.It’s a special day in honour of a historic event.
文摘In this paper a new methodology is outlined to detect the dust content in the Martian atmosphere during nighttime. In the previous Lander missions to Mars, scientists were able to determine the dust load in the Martian atmosphere during daylight using spectral lines of the Sun. Since the dynamics of Martian dust storms had been determined to be very rapid changing over times of hours and not days, it is imperative to determine the dust load during nighttime, so future astronauts to Mars can take protective measures for their equipment. They can also factor this effect for their planned activities during daytime. The new methodology greatly improves on the classical method for determining the extinction in the Earth’s atmosphere. The classical method uses observations of bright stars from which the optical depth, ?total, can then be deduced from the classical brightness equation. The classical method succeeds reasonably well at high elevation angles from the horizon but fails dramatically at low elevation angles. It also determines ?total from the slope of a plot of observed brightness of a bright star vs. air mass at all elevations. The plot shows a straight line at high elevations angles, which then curves and becomes uncertain at low elevation angles. The new methodology bypasses this severe difficulty by simply eliminating this plot, and by acquiring the brightness of a bright star above the atmosphere (no extinction) and compares it to the observed bright- ness of the same star below the atmosphere at all elevations.
文摘Traveling is one major theme of Fitzgerald's novel Tender Is the Night. This fashionable activity for the 1920 s Americans is represented in the novel as ostensibly bearing different meanings to the main characters, but a deeper look would reveal that it is unanimously resorted to as a weapon against the spiritual barrenness caused by the cult of business, and more importantly, as a way to the experience of rootedness.
文摘Going to the movies has become an expensive and often annoying activity.In some parts of the country,movie-goers are paying as much as＄10.50 a ticket. Multiply that times two if you take a friend;then add in popcorn and soda,and maybe some chocolate covered raisins,too---they are"nature’s candy"---and you’re＄40 the poorer.
文摘Night is Elie Wiesel's classic memoir of the Holocaust. One of its central themes is that once involved in war, a person is doomed to undergo a transformation from a human being to a soulless body. To understand this theme, we shall have to travel with Eliezer, the protagonist as well as the fi rst person narrator, through the long nights of living in fear of hunger, terror, and violence. Hopefully, the leg of this journey would reveal how the consistent exposure to traumatic experiences can compel a person to abandon the soul as his or her emotional and spiritual homebase.
基金Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.81362138)
文摘AIM:To investigate the relationship between high myopia [with or without complete congenital stationary night blindness(CSNB1)] and TRPM1 and NYX.METHODS: Two unrelated families with early-onset high myopia(eo HM) and 96 normal controls were recruited.Sanger sequencing or clone sequencing were used for mutation screening.Further analyses of the available family members and the 96 normal controls were subsequently conducted to obtain additional evidence of the pathogenicity of these variants.The initial diagnosis of the probands was eo HM.We performed a further comprehensive examination of the available family members after mutations were detected in TRPM1 or NYX. RESULTS: Two novel compound heterozygous mutations in TRPM1 were detected in the recruited families.The proband in family A with eo HM carried a c.2594 C >T missense mutation in exon 19 and a c.669 +3_669 +6del AAGT splicing mutation,which was co-segregated with CSNB1 in this family.A patient in family B with a compound heterozygous missense mutation(c.3262 G>A and c.3250 T>C) was detected.No mutations were found in NYX.These two identified compound heterozygous mutations were not found in the 96 normal controls.After further examination of the family members,the patients in family A could be diagnosed as eo HM with CSNB1.However due to the limited clinic data,the patient in family B cloud not clearly diagnosed as CSNB1.CONCLUSION: This study has expanded the mutation spectrum of TRPM1 for CSNB1 and additional studiesare needed to elucidate the association between isolated high myopia and TRPM1 and NYX.
文摘Night,Mother is a famous play about female identification.It is about Jessie,a middle aged woman,who,through many years’struggle,decides to kill herself at nine o’clock in an ordinary night in her mother’s house.Jessie’s fighting for female identity and corresponding power would be analyzed.In the play,Jessie tries two ways to get her power,one by trying to imitating men to get accepted by patriarchal society,and the other by revolting outside resistance and insisting her pursuit of self rights and freedom.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61533017,U1501251)
文摘In this paper, a novel fusion framework is proposed for night-vision applications such as pedestrian recognition,vehicle navigation and surveillance. The underlying concept is to combine low-light visible and infrared imagery into a single output to enhance visual perception. The proposed framework is computationally simple since it is only realized in the spatial domain. The core idea is to obtain an initial fused image by averaging all the source images. The initial fused image is then enhanced by selecting the most salient features guided from the root mean square error(RMSE) and fractal dimension of the visual and infrared images to obtain the final fused image.Extensive experiments on different scene imaginary demonstrate that it is consistently superior to the conventional image fusion methods in terms of visual and quantitative evaluations.
文摘A design of low-light-level night vision system is described,which can image objects selectively in the specific space. The system can selectively image some objects in specific distances,meanwhile ignore those shelters on the way of observation by combining an intensifying charge coupled device(ICCD) with a near infrared laser assisted in vision,whose operation wavelength matches with the photocathode of the image tube,and adopting the gated mode and adjustable time-delay. A semiconductor laser diode of 100 W in peak power is chosen for illumination. The laser and the image tube operate in 150 ns pulse width and 2 kHz repeat frequency. Some images of different objects at the different distances within 100 m can be obtained clearly,and even behind a grove by using a sampling circuit and a delay control device at 100 W in peak power of semiconductor laser diode,150 ns in pulse width of laser and image tube,2 kHz in repeat frequency.
基金conducted according to the project IX.137.1.1“Biodiversity of natural and natural-technogenic ecosystems of Transbaikalia(Cenrtal Asia)as indicators of regional climate changes”(АААА-А17-117011210078-9)
文摘Extreme environmental conditions are key factors in the formation of the structure and diversity of microbial communities. In meromictic ecosystems, extreme conditions and a stable stratification of physical, chemical and biological parameters lead to diversity and heterogeneity of microenvironments. Lake Doroninskoe is located in an extreme geographical area and diff ers from other known meromictic reservoirs of the world by a low level of illumination in the chemocline and a rare type of alkaline water in sedimentary rocks formed by evaporative concentration. To understand the key factors that shape the composition and structure of the microbial community, the macro-and micro-variations in space and time are of great importance. We investigated the short-term dynamics of the structure and diversity of microbial communities of the meromictic soda lake, Lake Doroninskoe, at day and night using highthroughput sequencing and bioinformatics. Metagenomic analysis of 16 S rRNA gene amplicons showed that the microbial communities had a high taxonomic diversity both at day and night. Sixteen bacterial and three archaeal phyla were identified. Proteobacteria were dominant and comprised 75% during the day, increasing to 90% at night. Metabolically stable denitrifying bacteria that were able to use a variety of alternative electron acceptors and electron donors were prevalent in Lake Doroninskoe. They belonged to the families Enterobacteriaceae(class Gammaproteobacteria) and Alcaligenaceae(class Betaproteobacteria). Statistically significant differences between day and night microbial communities were found. During the day, the microbial community was the most diverse. We discuss the peculiarities of the underexplored shortterm dynamics of the structure and diversity of the microbial communities of the meromictic soda Lake Doroninskoe, and propose topics for prospective studies.
文摘Introduction: The exposure to shift works, and especially to night shift, goes against the circadian rythmicity of the social man, which brings about a multitude of disruptive effects on health. In a hospital environment, such night shift is necessary so as to ensure the continuity of care. Sleep and vigilance disorders related to this work mode are frequent and often pose adaptation problems. The objective of this study is to detect the harmful effects of night shift on sleep, vigilance and the quality of life of nurses in Farhat Hached Teaching Hospital in Sousse. Material and Methods: It is a cross-sectional study carried out among two groups of nurses: one group performing a fixed night work and the other one working permanently during the day at Farhat Hached Teaching Hospital in Sousse. Data collection is mainly based on validated questionnaires evaluating sleep quality (Pittsburg sleep quality index), daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale), sleep typology (Horne and Ostberg questionnaire), and the quality of life (SF-12). An objective evaluation of vigilance was realized by the study of reaction time and error rates to different tasks of “Super lab” software. Results: 50 night and 50 day nurses have been colligated. Both groups were age- and gender-matched. Sleep quality mean index was significantly higher among night nurses in comparison with day nurses (10.2 ± 5.9 versus 6.76 ± 5.16). After multivariate analysis, sleep quality was significantly correlated to age, department, schedule and the choice of schedule. Night shift was not related to daytime sleepiness. The objective analysis of vigilance showed that the reaction time to different tasks exploring the attentional mechanisms, as well as errors rate, were significantly more important among the night group. The mental score of the quality of life was significantly higher among day nurses. However, such difference was not significant with regard to physical score. Conclusion: The findings of our study highlight not only the alteration of the health and the well being of paramedical staff secondary to night shift, but also a possible threat to safety care lavished by these teams, which involves the necessity to undertake preventive measures on an individual and collective scale.
文摘This essay directs at the water imagery of two poems Happy Rain on a Spring Night and A Drop Fell on the Apple Tree.Although living in different time and place, Chinese poet Du Fu and American poetess Emily Dickinson share some deep understanding of the water. This secret of water imagery is unveiled in this essay with the help of Archetypal Criticism, revealing its significance to the human beings as a race.
