The research on the correlation between hydrocarbon accumulations and magmatic activities has always attracted aroused much wide attention.Existing research has primarily the hydrocarbon generations capability of sour...The research on the correlation between hydrocarbon accumulations and magmatic activities has always attracted aroused much wide attention.Existing research has primarily the hydrocarbon generations capability of source rocks and the quality of reservoirs by diabase intrusions.whereas,rare systematic research has been conducted on the oiliness and enrichment mechanism.To be specific,the diabase intrusive zone,the contact metamorphic zone and the normal shale zone of the Funing Formation in the Gaoyou Sag,Subei Basin were taken as the object of this study.Moreover,in this study,the hydrocarbon generation quality,reservoir quality,and oil-bearing quality of diabase-metamorphic zone-normal shale were evaluated using X-ray diffractions,argon ion polishing-field emission scanning electron microscope,energy spectrum,rock slice/light-sheet microscopic observations,organic geochemical tests,N_(2) gas adsorption and 2D NMR tests.The results indicated that the intrusive zone,the metamorphic zone,and the normal zone were formed in order by the degree of effect of diabase intrusions.Secondly,the oil content of different parts exhibited significant heterogeneity due to the baking effect of diabase,and the metamorphic zone had the significantly better oil-bearing nature than the intrusive zone.Lastly,a distribution model was proposed for the diabase intrusive zone-metamorphic zone-normal surrounding rock zone.展开更多
Increased sebum production is a common skin complaint and plays an important role in acne and oily scalp conditions. To choose the correct skin care products, which mostly are marketed for dry, oily or normal skin, th...Increased sebum production is a common skin complaint and plays an important role in acne and oily scalp conditions. To choose the correct skin care products, which mostly are marketed for dry, oily or normal skin, the consumer must self-assess their skin type. Studies show that individuals incorrectly self-assess their sebum secretion levels. In order to be able to correctly determine skin oiliness, we have developed a six-item skin oiliness scale (SOS) that correlates with sebumeter measurements. The resulting correlation was 0.54, which was significantly different from zero (p < 0.01). This result indicates a strong relationship between the SOS scores and the associated sebumeter measurements. This is easy to administer questionnaire to accurately determine skin oiliness and can be useful in screening and recruiting patients for research trials, performing outcome research, and recommending skin care products and procedures. Our study shows that this skin oiliness scale is an accurate way to identify and quantify skin oiliness.展开更多
At present,methods for treating tertiary oil recovery wastewater via electro-coagulation are still in their early stage of development.In this study,a device for electro-coagulation wastewater treatment was built and ...At present,methods for treating tertiary oil recovery wastewater via electro-coagulation are still in their early stage of development.In this study,a device for electro-coagulation wastewater treatment was built and tested in an oil field.The effects that the initial pH value,electrode type,and connection mode have on the coagulation and separation effect were assessed by measuring the mass fraction and turbidity of oil.The results have shown that when the electro-coagulation method is used,the effectiveness of the treatment can be significantly increased in neutral pH conditions(pH=7),in acidic conditions,and in alkaline conditions.Compared to an Al electrode,the floc that is produced by an Fe electrode is smaller;thus,it does not easily coagulate and settle in a short time.Using the oil removal rate,turbidity removal rate and energy consumption as a basis to assess the performances,the results have demonstrated that the combined aluminum alloy iron composite electrode should be used as electrolytic electrode.展开更多
The influence factors of oily sensitive skin were reviewed.Some solutions were proposed for the development of skin care formulations that aim at solving the oily sensitive skin problems more effectively,such as repai...The influence factors of oily sensitive skin were reviewed.Some solutions were proposed for the development of skin care formulations that aim at solving the oily sensitive skin problems more effectively,such as repairing the skin permeability barrier,controlling oil,inhibiting sebum oxidation,relieving keratinization abnormalities,regulating the skin microecology and alleviating skin inflammatory reactions.It was concluded that future research should focus on precise skin care by designing targeted product formulations according to the characteristics of oily sensitive skin.展开更多
This paper analyzes the differences in geological and development characteristics between continental shale oil in China and marine shale oil in North America, reviews the evaluation methods and technological progress...This paper analyzes the differences in geological and development characteristics between continental shale oil in China and marine shale oil in North America, reviews the evaluation methods and technological progress of the continental shale oil development in China, and points out the existing problems and development directions of the continental shale oil development. The research progress of development evaluation technologies such as favorable lithofacies identification, reservoir characterization, mobility evaluation, fracability evaluation, productivity evaluation and geological-mathematical modeling integration are introduced. The efficient exploration and development of continental shale oil in China are faced with many problems, such as weak basic theoretical research, imperfect exploration and development technology system, big gap in engineering technology between China and other countries, and high development cost. Three key research issues must be studied in the future:(1) forming differentiated development technologies of continental shale oil through geological and engineering integrated research;(2) strengthening the application of big data and artificial intelligence to improve the accuracy of development evaluation;(3) tackling enhanced shale oil recovery technology and research effective development method, so as to improve the development effect and benefit.展开更多
To reveal the law of oiliness of the Upper Cretaceous carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East and factors controlling the oiliness, the Mishrif Formation of the H oilfield in Iraq was examined comprehensively. Based o...To reveal the law of oiliness of the Upper Cretaceous carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East and factors controlling the oiliness, the Mishrif Formation of the H oilfield in Iraq was examined comprehensively. Based on core observation and description, casting thin section analysis, and statistics of physical property and pore-throat structure parameter, etc., in combination with previous achievements and understanding, it is pointed out that the coring interval of Mishrif Formation has strong oiliness heterogeneity, and can be divided into 4 grades, oil rich, oil immersed, oil spot, and oil trace; the oil-bearing grade has obvious facies-controlled characteristic in macroscopic view; and in different oil-bearing grades, relatively oil-rich sections present higher karst development intensity, better physical properties and pore-throat structure characteristics. It is concluded through the study that the sedimentary microenvironment and eogenetic karstification determine the macroscopic oiliness of the reservoir in Mishrif Formation of H Oilfield, and the improvement of pore-throat structure caused by eogenetic karstification is the decisive factor of the micro oil-bearing difference of the reservoir. Finally,the genetic model of reservoir development and oil-bearing difference was established.展开更多
A unique cyclonic static microbubble flotation column was developed for oily wastewater separation.The separation effciency was found to be highly dependent on gas holdup and bubble size distribution.By changing the c...A unique cyclonic static microbubble flotation column was developed for oily wastewater separation.The separation effciency was found to be highly dependent on gas holdup and bubble size distribution.By changing the circulation pressure,gas flow rate,frother concentration,the effect of operation parameters on gas holdup and oil removal effciency were attained.A mathematical modeling between the kinetic constant and the gas holdup was established for oily water separation process.The results show that higher gas holdup and smaller microbubble sizes are benefcial to improve oil removal effciency.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most common cancers and the third highest cause of cancerassociated mortality worldwide. The treatment of HCC is complicated by its variable biological behavior and the freq...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most common cancers and the third highest cause of cancerassociated mortality worldwide. The treatment of HCC is complicated by its variable biological behavior and the frequent coexistence of chronic liver disease, particularly cirrhosis. To date, multiple treatment modalities have been developed according to the stage of the tumor and the hepatic functional reserve, including transarterial treatments such as transarterial chemoembolization, transarterial oily chemoembolization(TOCE), and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC). We conducted a phase I and II study of the combination therapy with double platinum agents, miriplatin and cisplatin, and confirmed its safety and efficacy. Here, we describe two cases of unresectable HCC who were successfully treated by miriplatin-TOCE/cisplatin-HAIC combination therapy, resulting in complete responses with no significant adverse events. This report will provide that the combination therapy can be the therapeutic option for HCC patients in the advanced stage.展开更多
In this study, an ionic liquid(IL), 1-butyl-2,3-dimmmethylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate([Bmmim][PF6]),was used in combination with a composite solvent of methyl acetate and n-heptane to enhance the oil extraction fr...In this study, an ionic liquid(IL), 1-butyl-2,3-dimmmethylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate([Bmmim][PF6]),was used in combination with a composite solvent of methyl acetate and n-heptane to enhance the oil extraction from oily sludge. The oil recovery increased by approximately 15% compared with that of solvent extraction without [Bmmim][PF6] at the optimal ratios of IL to sludge and solvents to sludge, which were at 2:5(M/M) and 4:1(V/M), respectively. The saturate, aromatic, resin and asphaltene(SARA) analysis revealed that the recovery of resins and asphaltenes was increased by 14% and 38%, respectively, in the solvent extraction with the addition of [Bmmim][PF6]. [Bmmim][PF6] maintained a good performance after its reuse four times. The addition of[Bmmim][PF6] changed the adhesion forces between oil and soil. The IL-assisted solvent extraction procedure followed the pseudo second-order kinetic model, while the unassisted solvent extraction procedure followed the pseudo first-order kinetic model. The results also demonstrated that [Bmmim][PF6] decreased the solvent consumption by approximately 60% each time. Additionally, [Bmmim][PF6] can be easily separated. The results suggested that enhancing the solvent extraction with this IL is a promising way to recover oil from oily sludge with a higher oil recovery rate and lower organic solvent consumption than those with the unassisted solvent extraction method.展开更多
The aim of this study was to develop a new approach for the preparation of environmentally friendly, high-value products from oily cold rolling mill(CRM) sludge. Utilizing oily CRM sludge as a source of iron, strontiu...The aim of this study was to develop a new approach for the preparation of environmentally friendly, high-value products from oily cold rolling mill(CRM) sludge. Utilizing oily CRM sludge as a source of iron, strontium hexaferrite(SrFe_(12)O_(19)) powders were prepared by multi-step processes involving acid leaching, chemical conversion treatment, and synthesis by a citrate precursor. The influences of citric acid dosage and the pH of the sol system on the formation, crystallite size, and magnetic properties of the obtained SrFe_(12)O_(19) powders were investigated. High saturation magnetization(74.8 mA·m^2·g^(–1)) and intrinsic coercivities(614.46 mT) were achieved for pH 7.0 of the sol system, for which the molar ratio of citric acid dosage to the total dosage of Fe^(3+) and Sr^(2+) was 1.5. This study presents a new approach to utilizing oily CRM sludge, and even refractory iron-containing solid waste.展开更多
The ultrasonic technique has been demonstrated to be a promising method for the disposal of hazardous oily sludge.However,the separation of oil from the surfaces of the solid particles is still difficult due to the st...The ultrasonic technique has been demonstrated to be a promising method for the disposal of hazardous oily sludge.However,the separation of oil from the surfaces of the solid particles is still difficult due to the strong interaction between the oil and solid particle.In this study,three types of surfactants were used to assist the ultrasonic treatment of oily sludge.The oil component,surface composition,and structure of the solid particle were determined.The results showed that different surfactants had different oil removal abilities.In the three surfactant-assisted sonication systems,the oil removal rate increased during the starting reaction period and then decreased with longer sonication time.The results of four components analysis suggested that surfactant easy to be ionized in water posed a better removal effect on resins,while the amphiphilic surfactant preferred saturates,aromatics and asphaltenes.The morphology analysis indicated that particle size was shattered into smaller ones by the ultrasonic process,and the wettability of the solid surface also changed during this treatment.The characterization of the oil component and solid particle during surfactant-assisted ultrasonication treatment will help to better understand the separation of oil from oily sludge and improve the oil recovery efficiency from oily sludge.展开更多
Micro-emulsion has unique advantages in repairing diesel oil contaminated sand due to its low interfacial tension and strong solubility.By Winsor phase diagram,it was found that with the increase of salinity,the phase...Micro-emulsion has unique advantages in repairing diesel oil contaminated sand due to its low interfacial tension and strong solubility.By Winsor phase diagram,it was found that with the increase of salinity,the phase of microemulsion transformed from WinsorⅠto WinsorⅢto WinsorⅡ.Under cryogenic electron microscope,it was observed that WinsorⅠwas O/W type,WinsorⅡwas W/O type,and WinsorⅢtype was bi-continuous type.The effect of inorganic salts,alcohol and temperature on the oil removal rate of diesel oil contaminated sand was investigated by static recovery of micro-emulsion precursor.The results showed that for the anionic microemulsion system,with the increase of salinity and alcohols,the oil yield of the upper phase increased first and then decreased,and the two components had a certain compensation effect.For non-ionic micro-emulsion system,with the increase of temperature,the oil yield in the upper phase rose first and then decreased.At the same time,the influence of leaching conditions on oil removal rate was investigated by one-dimensional sand column leaching experiment.It was found that for diesel oil contaminated sand with 15%oil content,when the formulation was 2.00 wt%SDBS,4.05 wt%n-butanol and 0.40 wt%sodium chloride,the optimum leaching conditions were leaching rate of 4 ml·min-1 and leaching amount of 400 ml.Under such conditions,the oil removal rate was up to 82.84%,that is,the oil content of the sand was reduced to 2.57%.Moreover,the micro-emulsion has good cyclicity,and it can still achieve high oil yield after six cycles.展开更多
Considering the need for efficiently and rapidly treating oily wastewater while preventing secondary pollution,the nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)was supported on biochar prepared by using a spent mushroom substrate(...Considering the need for efficiently and rapidly treating oily wastewater while preventing secondary pollution,the nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)was supported on biochar prepared by using a spent mushroom substrate(SMS),to produce an iron-carbon composite(SMS-nZVI).The ability of the SMS-nZVI to treat wastewater containing high concentration of oil was then comprehensively evaluated.The morphology,structure,and other properties of the composite were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller nitrogen sorption analysis,and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results show that the biochar prepared by using the SMS can effectively prevent the agglomeration of nZVI and increase the overall specific surface area,thereby enhancing the absorption of petroleum by the composite.Experiments reveal that compared with the SMS and nZVI,the SMS-nZVI composite removes petroleum faster and more efficiently from wastewater.Under optimized conditions involving an nZVI to biochar mass ratio of 1:5 and a pH value of 4,the efficiency for removal of petroleum from wastewater with an initial petroleum concentration of 1000 mg/L could reach 95%within 5 h.Based on a natural aging treatment involving exposure to air for 30 d,the SMS-nZVI composite retained an oil removal rate of higher than 62%,and this result could highlight its stability for practical applications.展开更多
To deeply clean oily wastewater,molecular sieve residues(MSRs)were sufficiently recycled and utilized due to their high specific surface area,porous structure,and outstanding adsorption property.Molding MSRs(MMSRs)wer...To deeply clean oily wastewater,molecular sieve residues(MSRs)were sufficiently recycled and utilized due to their high specific surface area,porous structure,and outstanding adsorption property.Molding MSRs(MMSRs)were prepared by adding additives(starch,citric acid,and soluble glass)to MSRs and were then filled into a fixed bed for adsorbing and separating the oil in wastewater.Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was used to modify the MMSRs,and their adsorption property was also investigated.In addition,the MSRs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results indicated that MMSRs satisfied the filling requirement of fixed bed,and their dynamic adsorption capacity could reach 0.1854 mg g^?1.Furthermore,the static adsorption capacity of MMSRs achieved 1.7346 mg g^?1 in the optimum conditions,and the oil adsorption performance of modified MMSRs was further enhanced.Therefore,this work suggests that MSRs are promising alternatives in cleaning oily wastewater.展开更多
The disc-seal single screw pump(DSSP)used in the field of high viscosity oily sludge transport has a huge advantage.However,there is no research on the pressurization characteristics of the DSSP at present,which makes...The disc-seal single screw pump(DSSP)used in the field of high viscosity oily sludge transport has a huge advantage.However,there is no research on the pressurization characteristics of the DSSP at present,which makes its application limited.In view of this,the pressurization process mathematical model of the DSSP was established based on the geometric model of the pump.By using this model,the pressurization characteristics of DSSP and the influence of working parameters on the pressurization process were studied combined with the principle of back-flow pressurization.Analysis results show that the instantaneous pressurization process could be realized mainly depending on the reflux pressurization from the outlet chamber to the pressurization chamber when the screw rotor rotating angle is located at-5°to+5°.The pressure in the pressurization chamber will increase with the increase of working parameters which include inlet pressure,outlet pressure,screw rotation velocity and dynamic viscosity of fluid medium in the area of flow-back pressurization.The screw rotation velocity and the viscosity of the conveying medium have significant effects on the peak pressure in the pressurization chamber,and the peak pressure in the pressurization chamber is proportional to the screw rotation velocity and the dynamic viscosity coefficient of the conveying medium.The proportional coefficient between the peak pressure and the screw rotation velocity is 6.29×10~4.The proportional coefficient between the peak pressure and the dynamic viscosity of the conveying medium is 6.28×10~6.展开更多
Three-phase centrifuge was used to process oily sludge,and the requirement of mud,oil and water three-phase separation was satisfied through the optimization of parameters. The results showed that when the input quant...Three-phase centrifuge was used to process oily sludge,and the requirement of mud,oil and water three-phase separation was satisfied through the optimization of parameters. The results showed that when the input quantity was lower than 5 m^3/h,the optimal operation parameters of the three-phase centrifuge are shown as follows: the frequency of the main motor and vice motor was 33 and 30 Hz respectively,and the flocculant flow was 0. 7 m^3/h,while the oily sludge temperature was 55 ℃. Water content in the separated sludge decreased from 98% to lower than 70%,and the goal of reduction and harmless treatment of oily sludge could be achieved,which could provide essential conditions for subsequent resource utilization and could be used to guide industrial production.展开更多
Oily sludge was recognized as a kind of hazardous wastes,so recycling its high content of petroleum hydrocarbons can contribute to the clean environment.In this study,oily sludge was subjected to continous ultrasonic ...Oily sludge was recognized as a kind of hazardous wastes,so recycling its high content of petroleum hydrocarbons can contribute to the clean environment.In this study,oily sludge was subjected to continous ultrasonic extraction with an acetone/carbon disulfide(CS2)mixture solvent.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIRS),gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS),and Quadrupole exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry(QPEOTMS)were used to analyze the oil phase compounds from oily sludge.The n-alkanes ranging from C8 to C31 hydrocarbons were detected in oil phase.Compared with the analysis results of GC/MS,more heteroatom-containing compounds(HACOCs)of oil phase such as O3,O4,N2Oo and N3Oo(o=0—3)could be detected by using the QPEOTMS analysis.Overall,these findings will potentially contribute to the clean and efficient utilization of oily sludge.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42072150).
文摘The research on the correlation between hydrocarbon accumulations and magmatic activities has always attracted aroused much wide attention.Existing research has primarily the hydrocarbon generations capability of source rocks and the quality of reservoirs by diabase intrusions.whereas,rare systematic research has been conducted on the oiliness and enrichment mechanism.To be specific,the diabase intrusive zone,the contact metamorphic zone and the normal shale zone of the Funing Formation in the Gaoyou Sag,Subei Basin were taken as the object of this study.Moreover,in this study,the hydrocarbon generation quality,reservoir quality,and oil-bearing quality of diabase-metamorphic zone-normal shale were evaluated using X-ray diffractions,argon ion polishing-field emission scanning electron microscope,energy spectrum,rock slice/light-sheet microscopic observations,organic geochemical tests,N_(2) gas adsorption and 2D NMR tests.The results indicated that the intrusive zone,the metamorphic zone,and the normal zone were formed in order by the degree of effect of diabase intrusions.Secondly,the oil content of different parts exhibited significant heterogeneity due to the baking effect of diabase,and the metamorphic zone had the significantly better oil-bearing nature than the intrusive zone.Lastly,a distribution model was proposed for the diabase intrusive zone-metamorphic zone-normal surrounding rock zone.
文摘Increased sebum production is a common skin complaint and plays an important role in acne and oily scalp conditions. To choose the correct skin care products, which mostly are marketed for dry, oily or normal skin, the consumer must self-assess their skin type. Studies show that individuals incorrectly self-assess their sebum secretion levels. In order to be able to correctly determine skin oiliness, we have developed a six-item skin oiliness scale (SOS) that correlates with sebumeter measurements. The resulting correlation was 0.54, which was significantly different from zero (p < 0.01). This result indicates a strong relationship between the SOS scores and the associated sebumeter measurements. This is easy to administer questionnaire to accurately determine skin oiliness and can be useful in screening and recruiting patients for research trials, performing outcome research, and recommending skin care products and procedures. Our study shows that this skin oiliness scale is an accurate way to identify and quantify skin oiliness.
文摘At present,methods for treating tertiary oil recovery wastewater via electro-coagulation are still in their early stage of development.In this study,a device for electro-coagulation wastewater treatment was built and tested in an oil field.The effects that the initial pH value,electrode type,and connection mode have on the coagulation and separation effect were assessed by measuring the mass fraction and turbidity of oil.The results have shown that when the electro-coagulation method is used,the effectiveness of the treatment can be significantly increased in neutral pH conditions(pH=7),in acidic conditions,and in alkaline conditions.Compared to an Al electrode,the floc that is produced by an Fe electrode is smaller;thus,it does not easily coagulate and settle in a short time.Using the oil removal rate,turbidity removal rate and energy consumption as a basis to assess the performances,the results have demonstrated that the combined aluminum alloy iron composite electrode should be used as electrolytic electrode.
文摘The influence factors of oily sensitive skin were reviewed.Some solutions were proposed for the development of skin care formulations that aim at solving the oily sensitive skin problems more effectively,such as repairing the skin permeability barrier,controlling oil,inhibiting sebum oxidation,relieving keratinization abnormalities,regulating the skin microecology and alleviating skin inflammatory reactions.It was concluded that future research should focus on precise skin care by designing targeted product formulations according to the characteristics of oily sensitive skin.
基金National Science and Technology Major Project(2017ZX05049)。
文摘This paper analyzes the differences in geological and development characteristics between continental shale oil in China and marine shale oil in North America, reviews the evaluation methods and technological progress of the continental shale oil development in China, and points out the existing problems and development directions of the continental shale oil development. The research progress of development evaluation technologies such as favorable lithofacies identification, reservoir characterization, mobility evaluation, fracability evaluation, productivity evaluation and geological-mathematical modeling integration are introduced. The efficient exploration and development of continental shale oil in China are faced with many problems, such as weak basic theoretical research, imperfect exploration and development technology system, big gap in engineering technology between China and other countries, and high development cost. Three key research issues must be studied in the future:(1) forming differentiated development technologies of continental shale oil through geological and engineering integrated research;(2) strengthening the application of big data and artificial intelligence to improve the accuracy of development evaluation;(3) tackling enhanced shale oil recovery technology and research effective development method, so as to improve the development effect and benefit.
基金Supported by the China National Science and Technology Major Project(2017ZX05032004-001)
文摘To reveal the law of oiliness of the Upper Cretaceous carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East and factors controlling the oiliness, the Mishrif Formation of the H oilfield in Iraq was examined comprehensively. Based on core observation and description, casting thin section analysis, and statistics of physical property and pore-throat structure parameter, etc., in combination with previous achievements and understanding, it is pointed out that the coring interval of Mishrif Formation has strong oiliness heterogeneity, and can be divided into 4 grades, oil rich, oil immersed, oil spot, and oil trace; the oil-bearing grade has obvious facies-controlled characteristic in macroscopic view; and in different oil-bearing grades, relatively oil-rich sections present higher karst development intensity, better physical properties and pore-throat structure characteristics. It is concluded through the study that the sedimentary microenvironment and eogenetic karstification determine the macroscopic oiliness of the reservoir in Mishrif Formation of H Oilfield, and the improvement of pore-throat structure caused by eogenetic karstification is the decisive factor of the micro oil-bearing difference of the reservoir. Finally,the genetic model of reservoir development and oil-bearing difference was established.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51104158)the Science and Technology Fund of China University of Mining & Technology (No.2011QNB08) for the financial support
文摘A unique cyclonic static microbubble flotation column was developed for oily wastewater separation.The separation effciency was found to be highly dependent on gas holdup and bubble size distribution.By changing the circulation pressure,gas flow rate,frother concentration,the effect of operation parameters on gas holdup and oil removal effciency were attained.A mathematical modeling between the kinetic constant and the gas holdup was established for oily water separation process.The results show that higher gas holdup and smaller microbubble sizes are benefcial to improve oil removal effciency.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most common cancers and the third highest cause of cancerassociated mortality worldwide. The treatment of HCC is complicated by its variable biological behavior and the frequent coexistence of chronic liver disease, particularly cirrhosis. To date, multiple treatment modalities have been developed according to the stage of the tumor and the hepatic functional reserve, including transarterial treatments such as transarterial chemoembolization, transarterial oily chemoembolization(TOCE), and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC). We conducted a phase I and II study of the combination therapy with double platinum agents, miriplatin and cisplatin, and confirmed its safety and efficacy. Here, we describe two cases of unresectable HCC who were successfully treated by miriplatin-TOCE/cisplatin-HAIC combination therapy, resulting in complete responses with no significant adverse events. This report will provide that the combination therapy can be the therapeutic option for HCC patients in the advanced stage.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41807133 and 41977142)the special fund of State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control(No.18K05ESPCT)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(PT1915)。
文摘In this study, an ionic liquid(IL), 1-butyl-2,3-dimmmethylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate([Bmmim][PF6]),was used in combination with a composite solvent of methyl acetate and n-heptane to enhance the oil extraction from oily sludge. The oil recovery increased by approximately 15% compared with that of solvent extraction without [Bmmim][PF6] at the optimal ratios of IL to sludge and solvents to sludge, which were at 2:5(M/M) and 4:1(V/M), respectively. The saturate, aromatic, resin and asphaltene(SARA) analysis revealed that the recovery of resins and asphaltenes was increased by 14% and 38%, respectively, in the solvent extraction with the addition of [Bmmim][PF6]. [Bmmim][PF6] maintained a good performance after its reuse four times. The addition of[Bmmim][PF6] changed the adhesion forces between oil and soil. The IL-assisted solvent extraction procedure followed the pseudo second-order kinetic model, while the unassisted solvent extraction procedure followed the pseudo first-order kinetic model. The results also demonstrated that [Bmmim][PF6] decreased the solvent consumption by approximately 60% each time. Additionally, [Bmmim][PF6] can be easily separated. The results suggested that enhancing the solvent extraction with this IL is a promising way to recover oil from oily sludge with a higher oil recovery rate and lower organic solvent consumption than those with the unassisted solvent extraction method.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51502014 and 51672024)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No: FRF-TP-17-1812)the program of China Scholarships Council (No. 201806465040)
文摘The aim of this study was to develop a new approach for the preparation of environmentally friendly, high-value products from oily cold rolling mill(CRM) sludge. Utilizing oily CRM sludge as a source of iron, strontium hexaferrite(SrFe_(12)O_(19)) powders were prepared by multi-step processes involving acid leaching, chemical conversion treatment, and synthesis by a citrate precursor. The influences of citric acid dosage and the pH of the sol system on the formation, crystallite size, and magnetic properties of the obtained SrFe_(12)O_(19) powders were investigated. High saturation magnetization(74.8 mA·m^2·g^(–1)) and intrinsic coercivities(614.46 mT) were achieved for pH 7.0 of the sol system, for which the molar ratio of citric acid dosage to the total dosage of Fe^(3+) and Sr^(2+) was 1.5. This study presents a new approach to utilizing oily CRM sludge, and even refractory iron-containing solid waste.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41977142 and 41807133)the special fund of State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control(No.18K05ESPCT)。
文摘The ultrasonic technique has been demonstrated to be a promising method for the disposal of hazardous oily sludge.However,the separation of oil from the surfaces of the solid particles is still difficult due to the strong interaction between the oil and solid particle.In this study,three types of surfactants were used to assist the ultrasonic treatment of oily sludge.The oil component,surface composition,and structure of the solid particle were determined.The results showed that different surfactants had different oil removal abilities.In the three surfactant-assisted sonication systems,the oil removal rate increased during the starting reaction period and then decreased with longer sonication time.The results of four components analysis suggested that surfactant easy to be ionized in water posed a better removal effect on resins,while the amphiphilic surfactant preferred saturates,aromatics and asphaltenes.The morphology analysis indicated that particle size was shattered into smaller ones by the ultrasonic process,and the wettability of the solid surface also changed during this treatment.The characterization of the oil component and solid particle during surfactant-assisted ultrasonication treatment will help to better understand the separation of oil from oily sludge and improve the oil recovery efficiency from oily sludge.
文摘Micro-emulsion has unique advantages in repairing diesel oil contaminated sand due to its low interfacial tension and strong solubility.By Winsor phase diagram,it was found that with the increase of salinity,the phase of microemulsion transformed from WinsorⅠto WinsorⅢto WinsorⅡ.Under cryogenic electron microscope,it was observed that WinsorⅠwas O/W type,WinsorⅡwas W/O type,and WinsorⅢtype was bi-continuous type.The effect of inorganic salts,alcohol and temperature on the oil removal rate of diesel oil contaminated sand was investigated by static recovery of micro-emulsion precursor.The results showed that for the anionic microemulsion system,with the increase of salinity and alcohols,the oil yield of the upper phase increased first and then decreased,and the two components had a certain compensation effect.For non-ionic micro-emulsion system,with the increase of temperature,the oil yield in the upper phase rose first and then decreased.At the same time,the influence of leaching conditions on oil removal rate was investigated by one-dimensional sand column leaching experiment.It was found that for diesel oil contaminated sand with 15%oil content,when the formulation was 2.00 wt%SDBS,4.05 wt%n-butanol and 0.40 wt%sodium chloride,the optimum leaching conditions were leaching rate of 4 ml·min-1 and leaching amount of 400 ml.Under such conditions,the oil removal rate was up to 82.84%,that is,the oil content of the sand was reduced to 2.57%.Moreover,the micro-emulsion has good cyclicity,and it can still achieve high oil yield after six cycles.
基金This study was supported by the State Key Laboratory of Petroleum and Petrochemical Contaminant Control and Treatment,the Open Project(Authorization:PPC2019021)the Research and Promotion Project of Key Technologies for Safety and Environmental Protection of CNPC(2017D-4013)the PetroChina Technology Innovation Fund Research Project(Authorization:2017D-5007-0601,2018D-5007-0605).
文摘Considering the need for efficiently and rapidly treating oily wastewater while preventing secondary pollution,the nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)was supported on biochar prepared by using a spent mushroom substrate(SMS),to produce an iron-carbon composite(SMS-nZVI).The ability of the SMS-nZVI to treat wastewater containing high concentration of oil was then comprehensively evaluated.The morphology,structure,and other properties of the composite were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller nitrogen sorption analysis,and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results show that the biochar prepared by using the SMS can effectively prevent the agglomeration of nZVI and increase the overall specific surface area,thereby enhancing the absorption of petroleum by the composite.Experiments reveal that compared with the SMS and nZVI,the SMS-nZVI composite removes petroleum faster and more efficiently from wastewater.Under optimized conditions involving an nZVI to biochar mass ratio of 1:5 and a pH value of 4,the efficiency for removal of petroleum from wastewater with an initial petroleum concentration of 1000 mg/L could reach 95%within 5 h.Based on a natural aging treatment involving exposure to air for 30 d,the SMS-nZVI composite retained an oil removal rate of higher than 62%,and this result could highlight its stability for practical applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21676180 and No. 21076143)the Key Technologies R&D Program of Tianjin (No. 15ZCZDSF00160)Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Xinghai Program (No. KJXH2014-05)
文摘To deeply clean oily wastewater,molecular sieve residues(MSRs)were sufficiently recycled and utilized due to their high specific surface area,porous structure,and outstanding adsorption property.Molding MSRs(MMSRs)were prepared by adding additives(starch,citric acid,and soluble glass)to MSRs and were then filled into a fixed bed for adsorbing and separating the oil in wastewater.Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was used to modify the MMSRs,and their adsorption property was also investigated.In addition,the MSRs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results indicated that MMSRs satisfied the filling requirement of fixed bed,and their dynamic adsorption capacity could reach 0.1854 mg g^?1.Furthermore,the static adsorption capacity of MMSRs achieved 1.7346 mg g^?1 in the optimum conditions,and the oil adsorption performance of modified MMSRs was further enhanced.Therefore,this work suggests that MSRs are promising alternatives in cleaning oily wastewater.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China[NO.2020YFB2010002]National Natural Science Foundation of China[NO.51706247,NO.51975585]the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Opening Fund of National Engineering Laboratory of Offshore Geophysical and Exploration Equipment[NO.20CX02312A]
文摘The disc-seal single screw pump(DSSP)used in the field of high viscosity oily sludge transport has a huge advantage.However,there is no research on the pressurization characteristics of the DSSP at present,which makes its application limited.In view of this,the pressurization process mathematical model of the DSSP was established based on the geometric model of the pump.By using this model,the pressurization characteristics of DSSP and the influence of working parameters on the pressurization process were studied combined with the principle of back-flow pressurization.Analysis results show that the instantaneous pressurization process could be realized mainly depending on the reflux pressurization from the outlet chamber to the pressurization chamber when the screw rotor rotating angle is located at-5°to+5°.The pressure in the pressurization chamber will increase with the increase of working parameters which include inlet pressure,outlet pressure,screw rotation velocity and dynamic viscosity of fluid medium in the area of flow-back pressurization.The screw rotation velocity and the viscosity of the conveying medium have significant effects on the peak pressure in the pressurization chamber,and the peak pressure in the pressurization chamber is proportional to the screw rotation velocity and the dynamic viscosity coefficient of the conveying medium.The proportional coefficient between the peak pressure and the screw rotation velocity is 6.29×10~4.The proportional coefficient between the peak pressure and the dynamic viscosity of the conveying medium is 6.28×10~6.
文摘Three-phase centrifuge was used to process oily sludge,and the requirement of mud,oil and water three-phase separation was satisfied through the optimization of parameters. The results showed that when the input quantity was lower than 5 m^3/h,the optimal operation parameters of the three-phase centrifuge are shown as follows: the frequency of the main motor and vice motor was 33 and 30 Hz respectively,and the flocculant flow was 0. 7 m^3/h,while the oily sludge temperature was 55 ℃. Water content in the separated sludge decreased from 98% to lower than 70%,and the goal of reduction and harmless treatment of oily sludge could be achieved,which could provide essential conditions for subsequent resource utilization and could be used to guide industrial production.
基金This work was supported by the Future Scientists Program of China University of Mining and Technology(2020WLKXJ019).
文摘Oily sludge was recognized as a kind of hazardous wastes,so recycling its high content of petroleum hydrocarbons can contribute to the clean environment.In this study,oily sludge was subjected to continous ultrasonic extraction with an acetone/carbon disulfide(CS2)mixture solvent.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIRS),gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS),and Quadrupole exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry(QPEOTMS)were used to analyze the oil phase compounds from oily sludge.The n-alkanes ranging from C8 to C31 hydrocarbons were detected in oil phase.Compared with the analysis results of GC/MS,more heteroatom-containing compounds(HACOCs)of oil phase such as O3,O4,N2Oo and N3Oo(o=0—3)could be detected by using the QPEOTMS analysis.Overall,these findings will potentially contribute to the clean and efficient utilization of oily sludge.
