Background/Aims: We investigated the relationship between ocular dominance and accommodation on the pupils of the dominant eye and the non-dominant eye under binocular open viewing conditions. Methods: Seventeen healt...Background/Aims: We investigated the relationship between ocular dominance and accommodation on the pupils of the dominant eye and the non-dominant eye under binocular open viewing conditions. Methods: Seventeen healthy young volunteers participated in this study. The dominant eye was determined using the hole-in-the-card test. The objective refraction and pupil diameter were measured under binocular open viewing and monocular single viewing conditions using a binocular open auto-refractor, the WAM-5500 (SHIGIYA MACHINERY WORKS LTD., Hiroshima, Japan). The accommodative response was calculated using the objective refraction, and the rate of miosis was calculated using the pupil diameter. These values were then compared between the dominant and the non-dominant eyes. Results: Under binocular open viewing conditions, the accommodative response in the dominant eye was greater than in the non-dominant eye (p = 0.001). In contrast, under monocular single viewing conditions, there were no differences in the accommodative response between the dominant and non-dominant eyes. In both binocular open viewing and monocular single viewing conditions, there were no differences in the miosis ratio between the dominant and non-dominant eyes. Conclusion: These results suggest that the accommodative response under binocular open viewing conditions is influenced by ocular dominance.展开更多
Previous research has shown that ocular dominance can be biased by prolonged attention to one eye.The ocular-opponency-neuron model of binocular rivalry has been proposed as a candidate account for this phenomenon.Yet...Previous research has shown that ocular dominance can be biased by prolonged attention to one eye.The ocular-opponency-neuron model of binocular rivalry has been proposed as a candidate account for this phenomenon.Yet direct neural evidence is still lacking.By manipulating the contrast of dichoptic testing gratings,here we measured the steady-state visually evoked potentials(SSVEPs)at the intermodulation frequencies to selectively track the activities of ocular-opponency-neurons before and after the“dichoptic-backward-movie”adaptation.One hour of adaptation caused a shift of perceptual and neural ocular dominance towards the unattended eye.More importantly,we found a decrease in the intermodulation SSVEP response after adaptation,which was significantly greater when high-contrast gratings were presented to the attended eye than when they were presented to the unattended eye.These results strongly support the view that the adaptation of ocular-opponency-neurons contributes to the ocular dominance plasticity induced by prolonged eye-based attention.展开更多
Retinal neurodegeneration plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy(DR),the leading cause of preventable blindness.In fact,the American Diabetes Association has defined DR as a highly specif...Retinal neurodegeneration plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy(DR),the leading cause of preventable blindness.In fact,the American Diabetes Association has defined DR as a highly specific neurovascular complication(Solomon et al.,2017).Therefore,it is no longer acceptable to consider DR as merely a microvascular complication.In this regard,the term diabetic retinal disease(DRD)has been proposed as a broader term comprising microangiopathy and neurodegeneration.However,there are currently no treatments available that directly target the neurodegenerative changes of DR.This paper will give new insights into the translational research in this field with particular emphasis on glucagon-like peptide 1/dipeptidyl peptidase IV(GLP-1/DPP-IV)inhibitors.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effect of lacidipine,thiamine pyrophosphate(TPP)and the combination of lacidipine and TPP against oxidative and inflammatory eye damage induced by bilateral common carotid artery ligation in rat...AIM:To investigate the effect of lacidipine,thiamine pyrophosphate(TPP)and the combination of lacidipine and TPP against oxidative and inflammatory eye damage induced by bilateral common carotid artery ligation in rats.METHODS:Male albino Wistar rats were categorized as those who underwent sham surgery(SG),right and left common carotid cross-clamping and unclamping procedure(CCU),lacidipine+CCU(LCCU),TPP+CCU(TCCU),and combination of lacidipine and TPP(LTC)+CCU(LTCCU).One hour before anesthesia,the LCCU(n=6)received lacidipine(4 mg/kg,orally)and the TCCU(n=6)received TPP(20 mg/kg,intraperitoneally).The SG(n=6)and CCU(n=6)received the same volume of distilled water from the same route.After anesthesia(60 mg/kg ketamine,intraperitoneally),the necks of the rats were opened in the midline.Ischemia was created for 10min by placing clips on the right and left common carotid arteries.Rats in the SG only underwent subcutaneous incision.After 10min,the clips were removed and reperfusion was achieved for six days.Then,the animals were euthanized(120 mg/kg ketamine,intraperitoneally)and the levels of oxidant,antioxidant and proinflammatory cytokines in the eye tissues were determined.The retinal tissue of the eye was also examined histopathologically.RESULTS:Lacidipine,TPP,and LTC significantly prevent the increase in malondialdehyde,tumor necrosis factoralpha,interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and IL-6 levels,decrease in total glutathione levels,superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and histopathological retinal damage in eye tissue induced by bilateral common carotid artery ligation in rats.The impact of these drugs on protection is determined to be LTC>lacidipine>TPP.CONCLUSION:As a result of the study,it is concluded that LTC may be more effective than lacidipine and TPP alone in treating ocular ischemic syndrome.展开更多
AIM:To quantitatively measure ocular morphological parameters of guinea pig with Python technology.METHODS:Thirty-six eyeballs of eighteen 3-weekold guinea pigs were measured with keratometer and photographed to obtai...AIM:To quantitatively measure ocular morphological parameters of guinea pig with Python technology.METHODS:Thirty-six eyeballs of eighteen 3-weekold guinea pigs were measured with keratometer and photographed to obtain the horizontal,coronal,and sagittal planes respectively.The corresponding photo pixels-actual length ratio was acquired by a proportional scale.The edge coordinates were identified artificially by ginput function.Circle and conic curve fitting were applied to fit the contour of the eyeball in the sagittal,coronal and horizontal view.The curvature,curvature radius,eccentricity,tilt angle,corneal diameter,and binocular separation angle were calculated according to the geometric principles.Next,the eyeballs were removed,canny edge detection was applied to identify the contour of eyeball in vitro.The results were compared between in vivo and in vitro.RESULTS:Regarding the corneal curvature and curvature radius on the horizontal and sagittal planes,no significant differences were observed among results in vivo,in vitro,and the keratometer.The horizontal and vertical binocular separation angles were 130.6°±6.39°and 129.8°±9.58°respectively.For the corneal curvature radius and eccentricity in vivo,significant differences were observed between horizontal and vertical planes.CONCLUSION:The Graphical interface window of Python makes up the deficiency of edge detection,which requires too much definition in Matlab.There are significant differences between guinea pig and human beings,such as exotropic eye position,oblique oval eyeball,and obvious discrepancy of binoculus.This study helps evaluate objectively the ocular morphological parameters of small experimental animals in emmetropization research.展开更多
This review comprehensively explores the versatile potential of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)with a specific focus on adipose-derived MSCs.Ophthalmic and oculoplastic surgery,encompassing diverse procedures for ocular ...This review comprehensively explores the versatile potential of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)with a specific focus on adipose-derived MSCs.Ophthalmic and oculoplastic surgery,encompassing diverse procedures for ocular and periocular enhancement,demands advanced solutions for tissue restoration,functional and aesthetic refinement,and aging.Investigating immunomodulatory,regenerative,and healing capacities of MSCs,this review underscores the potential use of adipose-derived MSCs as a cost-effective alternative from bench to bedside,addressing common unmet needs in the field of reconstructive and regenerative surgery.展开更多
The therapeutic potential of Annexin A1,an important member of the Annexin superfamily,has become evident in results of experiments with multiple human systems and animal models.The anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving...The therapeutic potential of Annexin A1,an important member of the Annexin superfamily,has become evident in results of experiments with multiple human systems and animal models.The anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects of Annexin A1 are characteristic of pathologies involving the nervous system.In this review,we initially describe the expression sites of Annexin A1,then outline the mechanisms by which Annexin A1 maintains the neurological homeostasis through either formyl peptide receptor 2 or other molecular approaches;and,finally,we discuss the neuroregenerative potential qualities of Annexin A1.The eye and the nervous system are anatomically and functionally connected,but the association between visual system pathogenesis,especially in the retina,and Annexin A1 alterations has not been well summarized.Therefore,we explain the beneficial effects of Annexin A1 for ocular diseases,especially for retinal diseases and glaucoma on the basis of published findings,and we explore present and future delivery strategies for Annexin A1 to the retina.展开更多
Corneal neuromas,also termed microneuromas,refer to microscopic,irregula rly-shaped enlargements of terminal subbasal nerve endings at sites of nerve damage or injury.The formation of corneal neuromas results from dam...Corneal neuromas,also termed microneuromas,refer to microscopic,irregula rly-shaped enlargements of terminal subbasal nerve endings at sites of nerve damage or injury.The formation of corneal neuromas results from damage to corneal nerves,such as following corneal pathology or corneal or intraocular surge ries.Initially,denervated areas of sensory nerve fibers become invaded by sprouts of intact sensory nerve fibers,and later injured axons regenerate and new sprouts called neuromas develop.In recent years,analysis of corneal nerve abnormalities including corneal neuromas which can be identified using in vivo confocal microscopy,a non-invasive imaging technique with microscopic resolution,has been used to evaluate corneal neuropathy and ocular surface dysfunction.Corneal neuromas have been shown to be associated with clinical symptoms of discomfort and dryness of eyes,and are a promising surrogate biomarker for ocular surface diseases,such as neuropathic corneal pain,dry eye disease,diabetic corneal neuropathy,neurotrophic keratopathy,Sjogren's syndrome,bullous keratopathy,post-refra ctive surgery,and others.In this review,we have summarized the current literature on the association between these ocular surface diseases and the presentation of corneal microneuromas,as well as elaborated on their pathogenesis,visualization via in vivo confocal microscopy,and utility in monitoring treatment efficacy.As current quantitative analysis on neuromas mainly relies on manual annotation and quantification,which is user-dependent and labor-intensive,future direction includes the development of artificial intelligence software to identify and quantify these potential imaging biomarkers in a more automated and sensitive manner,allowing it to be applied in clinical settings more efficiently.Combining imaging and molecular biomarkers may also help elucidate the associations between corneal neuromas and ocular surface diseases.展开更多
High intraocular pressure causes retinal ganglion cell injury in primary and secondary glaucoma diseases,yet the molecular landscape characteristics of retinal cells under high intraocular pressure remain unknown.Rat ...High intraocular pressure causes retinal ganglion cell injury in primary and secondary glaucoma diseases,yet the molecular landscape characteristics of retinal cells under high intraocular pressure remain unknown.Rat models of acute hypertension ocular pressure were established by injection of cross-linked hyaluronic acid hydrogel(Healaflow■).Single-cell RNA sequencing was then used to describe the cellular composition and molecular profile of the retina following high intraocular pressure.Our results identified a total of 12 cell types,namely retinal pigment epithelial cells,rod-photoreceptor cells,bipolar cells,Müller cells,microglia,cone-photoreceptor cells,retinal ganglion cells,endothelial cells,retinal progenitor cells,oligodendrocytes,pericytes,and fibroblasts.The single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the retina under acute high intraocular pressure revealed obvious changes in the proportions of various retinal cells,with ganglion cells decreased by 23%.Hematoxylin and eosin staining and TUNEL staining confirmed the damage to retinal ganglion cells under high intraocular pressure.We extracted data from retinal ganglion cells and analyzed the retinal ganglion cell cluster with the most distinct expression.We found upregulation of the B3gat2 gene,which is associated with neuronal migration and adhesion,and downregulation of the Tsc22d gene,which participates in inhibition of inflammation.This study is the first to reveal molecular changes and intercellular interactions in the retina under high intraocular pressure.These data contribute to understanding of the molecular mechanism of retinal injury induced by high intraocular pressure and will benefit the development of novel therapies.展开更多
Ocular surface disease(OSD)can have a severe impact on patients as it can lead to visual impairment and persistent discomfort.Ocular surface reconstruction(OSR)is an approach to the management of ocular diseases that ...Ocular surface disease(OSD)can have a severe impact on patients as it can lead to visual impairment and persistent discomfort.Ocular surface reconstruction(OSR)is an approach to the management of ocular diseases that cause structural damage to the ocular surface.OSR encompasses both medical and surgical treatment options.In this review,we discuss the medical and surgical strategies used in OSR.Medical management often aims to treat tear insufficiency,inflammation,and keratinization.Surgical treatments may be employed for a variety of reasons,including failure of medical management.This may include improving the oculo-palpebral structures in order to improve lid positioning and tear film.Additional therapies focus on improving tear production,such as through salivary gland transplantation.In situations where the ocular surface is so severely damaged that there is loss of limbal stem cells,limbal stem cell transplant(LSCT)may be indicated.Other surgeries such as amniotic membrane transplant(AMT)and conjunctival flaps(CFs)can help promote corneal healing.Finally,in severe situations where the cornea is beyond salvage,corneal transplantation,such as a penetrating keratoplasty(PKP),can be considered.OSR often requires a combination of medical and surgical approaches targeted to each specific patient’s presentation in order to achieve optimal outcomes.展开更多
Background:A few hours of monocular deprivation with a diffuser eye patch temporarily strengthens the contribution of the deprived eye to binocular vision.This shift in favour of the deprived eye is characterized as a...Background:A few hours of monocular deprivation with a diffuser eye patch temporarily strengthens the contribution of the deprived eye to binocular vision.This shift in favour of the deprived eye is characterized as a form of adult visual plasticity.Studies in animal and human models suggest that neuromodulators can enhance adult brain plasticity in general.Specifically,acetylcholine has been shown to improve certain aspects of visual function and plasticity in adulthood.We investigated whether a single administration of donepezil(a cholinesterase inhibitor)could further augment the temporary shift in perceptual eye dominance that occurs after two hours of monocular patching.Methods:We conducted three experiments to investigate whether donepezil enhances the shift in perceptual eye dominance induced by monocular patching.In each experiment,healthy adults completed two experimental sessions while taking either donepezil(5 mg,oral)or a placebo(lactose)pill.In experiment 1 we patched the non-dominant eye for 2 hours and measured ocular balance with a binocular phase combination task.In experiment 2 we patched for one hour to investigate whether donepezil shortens the amount of time necessary to observe a shift in ocular dominance.In experiment 3 we patched for 2 hours and measured ocular balance with a binocular rivalry task to see if the effect of donepezil was comparable across the two tasks.We calculated AUCs for the shift in perceptual eye dominance across five time points after removing the patch to compare our treatment conditions in each experiment.Results:Donepezil significantly reduces the magnitude and duration of the shift in perceptual eye dominance produced by both 2(P<0.01)and 1 hours(P<0.05)of monocular patching when measuring ocular balance with a binocular phase combination task.Donepezil also reduces the magnitude of the shift in ocular dominance when measuring balance with a binocular rivalry task.Conclusions:Previous studies have demonstrated that cholinergic potentiation enhances adult brain plasticity.Because of this,we hypothesized donepezil would further augment the strength of the deprived eye after patching.Our study demonstrates that enhanced cholinergic potentiation actually interferes with the consolidation of the perceptual eye dominance plasticity induced by several hours of monocular deprivation.These results contribute to the growing evidence that cholinergic potentiation enhances certain forms of adult brain plasticity at the expense of others.展开更多
Among the visual cortex areas investigated, besides areas 17, 18 and 19, the lateral suprasylvian area (LS) is best studied. The cells in this area are mainly sensitive to the visual stimuli with the preferred moving ...Among the visual cortex areas investigated, besides areas 17, 18 and 19, the lateral suprasylvian area (LS) is best studied. The cells in this area are mainly sensitive to the visual stimuli with the preferred moving direction. The responses to stationary stimuli are poor and the cells have no orientation selectivity. Most cells show spatial summation and展开更多
AIM:To predict best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)by machine learning in patients with ocular trauma who were treated for at least 6mo.METHODS:The internal dataset consisted of 850 patients with 1589 eyes and an averag...AIM:To predict best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)by machine learning in patients with ocular trauma who were treated for at least 6mo.METHODS:The internal dataset consisted of 850 patients with 1589 eyes and an average age of 44.29y.The initial visual acuity was 0.99 log MAR.The test dataset consisted of 60 patients with 100 eyes collected while the model was optimized.Four different machine-learning algorithms(Extreme Gradient Boosting,support vector regression,Bayesian ridge,and random forest regressor)were used to predict BCVA,and four algorithms(Extreme Gradient Boosting,support vector machine,logistic regression,and random forest classifier)were used to classify BCVA in patients with ocular trauma after treatment for 6mo or longer.Clinical features were obtained from outpatient records,and ocular parameters were extracted from optical coherence tomography images and fundus photographs.These features were put into different machine-learning models,and the obtained predicted values were compared with the actual BCVA values.The best-performing model and the best variable selected were further evaluated in the test dataset.RESULTS:There was a significant correlation between the predicted and actual values[all Pearson correlation coefficient(PCC)>0.6].Considering only the data from the traumatic group(group A)into account,the lowest mean absolute error(MAE)and root mean square error(RMSE)were 0.30 and 0.40 log MAR,respectively.In the traumatic and healthy groups(group B),the lowest MAE and RMSE were 0.20 and 0.33 log MAR,respectively.The sensitivity was always higher than the specificity in group A,in contrast to the results in group B.The classification accuracy and precision were above 0.80 in both groups.The MAE,RMSE,and PCC of the test dataset were 0.20,0.29,and 0.96,respectively.The sensitivity,precision,specificity,and accuracy of the test dataset were 0.83,0.92,0.95,and 0.90,respectively.CONCLUSION:Predicting BCVA using machine-learning models in patients with treated ocular trauma is accurate and helpful in the identification of visual dysfunction.展开更多
Mesenchymal stem cells have neuroprotective effects that limit damage to the retina and photoreceptors,and which may be mediated by extracellular vesicles(or exosomes)released by mesenchymal stem cells.To investigate ...Mesenchymal stem cells have neuroprotective effects that limit damage to the retina and photoreceptors,and which may be mediated by extracellular vesicles(or exosomes)released by mesenchymal stem cells.To investigate the neuroprotective effect of extracellular vesicles derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on glaucoma,we established rat models of chronic ocular hypertension by injecting conjunctival fibroblasts into the anterior chamber to mimic optic nerve injury caused by glaucoma.One week after injury,extracellular vesicles derived from umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells were injected into the vitreous cavity.We found that extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells substantially reduced retinal damage,increased the number of retinal ganglion cells,and inhibited the activation of caspase-3.These findings suggest that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles can help alleviate optic nerve injury caused by chronic ocular hypertension,and this effect is achieved by inhibiting cell apoptosis.展开更多
Introduction: Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) is the commonest musculoskeletal deformity worldwide. The Ponseti technique is the goal standard for clubfoot treatment. During the correction phase, the provider’s...Introduction: Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) is the commonest musculoskeletal deformity worldwide. The Ponseti technique is the goal standard for clubfoot treatment. During the correction phase, the provider’s right hand manipulates the right foot and the left hand, left foot. Often, one foot is ready for Achilles tenotomy before the other in bilateral clubfoot. Objective: To determine the effect of the provider’s hand dominance would have on bilateral clubfoot treated with the Ponseti technique. Method: This was a prospective cross-sectional study that analyzed idiopathic bilateral clubfoot patients aged 0 - 5 years and treated using the Ponseti technique at FMC Umuahia from October 2019 to September 2020. Informed consent and ethical clearance were obtained. The Pirani scores were obtained and compared at presentation and at each clinic visit. All trained manipulators were right-handed. Two-tailed t-test was used and a p-value less than 0.05 was deemed significant. Results: Forty-seven patients participated in the study with an M:F of 2.6:1 and mean age of 13.79 ± 13.39 months. Thirty-six patients (76.6%) had the same Pirani score on both feet at presentation, while the right and left feet were more severely affected in 8 and 3 cases respectively. The mean number of casts before readiness for tenotomy was 4.95 on the right and 5.28 on the left with p-value of 0.042. Conclusion: Though the right foot had a worse mean Pirani score on presentation, however, it required fewer casts before readiness for tenotomy than the left.展开更多
Background: To explore the changes in ocular biomechanics during pregnancy and the postpartum period and their association with maternal hormone level changes. Methods: In a prospective cohort study, 24 eyes of 12 pre...Background: To explore the changes in ocular biomechanics during pregnancy and the postpartum period and their association with maternal hormone level changes. Methods: In a prospective cohort study, 24 eyes of 12 pregnant women were enrolled and monitored throughout pregnancy and after delivery (6 weeks). Intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal endothelium cell (CEC), axial length (AL), corneal curvature (K1, K2), anterior chamber depth (ACD), central subfield thickness (CST), macular volume (MV), cube average thickness (CAT), retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), tear meniscus height (TMH), and breaking up time (BUT) were measured throughout pregnancy, and blood plasma levels of maternal hormones were determined at the same time points. Results: A gradual decrease in IOP values was observed as gestation progressed, and there was a statistically significant difference in IOP between the 3rd trimester and the 1st and 2nd trimester and postpartum (p = 0.002, p = 0.006, p = 0.050). There was a significant difference between the 1st and 2nd trimesters in terms of MV (p = 0.023). The difference in RNFL in the 3rd trimester and postpartum was significant (p = 0.011). The levels of the β-hCG showed a significant correlation with K2, ACD, and TMH only in the 2nd trimester (r = 0.588, p = 0.045;r = - 0.740, p = 0.006;r = 0.642, p = 0.024). Regarding luteinizing hormone, there was a negative correlation with MV in the 1st and 2nd trimesters (r = - 0.598, p = 0.040;r = - 0.672, p = 0.017) and CAT in the 1st and 2nd trimesters (r = - 0.599, p = 0.040;r = - 0.655, p = 0.021). Luteinizing hormone levels were correlated with ACD (r = - 0.702, p = 0.011) in the 2nd trimester and K2 (r = 0.585, p = 0.046) in the 3rd trimester. A correlation was found between follicle-stimulating hormone levels and CEC, MV and CAT in the 1st trimester (r = - 0.677, p = 0.016;r = - 0.602, p = 0.039;r = - 0.584, p = 0.046) and AL in the 3rd trimester (r = - 0.618, p = 0.032). The correlation between oestradiol and CST in the 1st trimester (r = - 0.621, p = 0.031) and RNFL (r = 0.594, p = 0.041) in the postpartum. A statistically significant correlation between progesterone and MV (r = 0.583, p = 0.047) and TMH (r = 0.762, p = 0.004) was observed in the 1st trimester. No significant intergroup correlation was observed postpartum (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Ophthalmological parameters showed physiological changes induced by hormone levels in pregnancy and returned to baseline levels after delivery.展开更多
Objective: Present a new screening approach for ocular diseases. Method: Transversal, retrospective, single center study that analyzed medical records of patients from a social project on the prevention of blindness a...Objective: Present a new screening approach for ocular diseases. Method: Transversal, retrospective, single center study that analyzed medical records of patients from a social project on the prevention of blindness and amblyopia, which aimed at: 1) Detect the main ocular disorders such as amblyopia, primary angle-closure suspect (PACS);glaucoma suspect (GS);predisposing retinal detachment lesions (PRDL);age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and diabetic retinopathy (DR);2) Perform cataract diagnosis;3) Provide guidance and treatment for allergic conjunctivitis. 4) Prescribe glasses for children until 14 years of age. Participants were examined by a single specialist, holder of a post-doctoral degree in ophthalmology, with 36 years of experience and a sub-specialization in retina and vitreous. All data were analyzed in 2022. Results: The examiner diagnosed 42 cases of PACS, 21 of GS, 8 of PRDL, 14 of AMD, 3 of DR, 40 of cataract and 31 cases of allergic conjunctivitis. Thirty-three participants younger than 14 were prescribed glasses. Other pathologies included retinal detachment, papilledema, corneal ulcer, suspected conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma, retinal vasculitis, strabismus, uveitis, bilateral papilla paleness and lacrimal duct obstruction. Out of the 297 cases examined, 168 participants presented some type of alteration that could compromise their vision. Conclusion: The examiner’s experience and knowledge were decisive factors for the quick diagnosis, advice, screening and/or treatment of several ocular diseases. The social project results reveal that the primary care and/or the screening performed by a specialist are likely to reduce blindness cases.展开更多
Dear Editor,Takayasu arteritis(TA)is a rare,idiopathic,granulomatous,large-vessel vasculitis,with preferential involvement of the aorta,its main branches,and pulmonary arteries[1].It has been reported that the ocular ...Dear Editor,Takayasu arteritis(TA)is a rare,idiopathic,granulomatous,large-vessel vasculitis,with preferential involvement of the aorta,its main branches,and pulmonary arteries[1].It has been reported that the ocular involvements were found in 8.1%–68%[2],non-specific arthralgia or myalgia in 13%–41%,aortic regurgitation in 5%–55%.展开更多
Dear Editor,We are writing to present an uncommon case of a45-year-old woman with bilateral proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and ocular albinism (OA).Albinism is a group of inherited disorders of tyrosinase ac...Dear Editor,We are writing to present an uncommon case of a45-year-old woman with bilateral proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and ocular albinism (OA).Albinism is a group of inherited disorders of tyrosinase activities and melanin biosynthesis resulting in little or no production of the pigment melanin。展开更多
AIM:To explore the relationship between ocular and systemic conditions and the impact of ocular complications on the quality of life(QOL)in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(ALLO-HSCT)....AIM:To explore the relationship between ocular and systemic conditions and the impact of ocular complications on the quality of life(QOL)in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(ALLO-HSCT).METHODS:Forty-four patients with severe hematopoietic disease were enrolled after ALLO-HSCT at our center from July 2018 to October 2020.They completed two questionnaires:the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)and the quality-of-life scale for Chinese patients with visual impairment(SQOL-DV1).Ocular conditions and systemic conditions were also assessed.RESULTS:Eye damage was correlated with total bilirubin(P=0.005),and gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT)(P=0.021).There was no significant correlation between the overall QOL score and OSDI(P=0.8226)or SQOLDV1(P=0.9526)scores.The OSDI and the overall QOL score were not correlated with ocular conditions,including best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),intraocular pressure,Schirmer tear test II,sodium fluorescein staining,tear film breakup time,and tear meniscus height.SQOLDV1 was correlated with BCVA(P=0.0007),sodium fluorescein staining(P=0.007),and tear film breakup time(P=0.0146).CONCLUSION:In some patients,early ocular symptoms are not evident after ALLO-HSCT,while ocular surface complications can be observed after a comprehensive ophthalmological examination.Especially for those with elevated total bilirubin or GGT,regular ophthalmic follow-up visits are essential to diagnose and treat ocular graft versus host disease(o GVHD),especially for patients with elevated total bilirubin or GGT.展开更多
文摘Background/Aims: We investigated the relationship between ocular dominance and accommodation on the pupils of the dominant eye and the non-dominant eye under binocular open viewing conditions. Methods: Seventeen healthy young volunteers participated in this study. The dominant eye was determined using the hole-in-the-card test. The objective refraction and pupil diameter were measured under binocular open viewing and monocular single viewing conditions using a binocular open auto-refractor, the WAM-5500 (SHIGIYA MACHINERY WORKS LTD., Hiroshima, Japan). The accommodative response was calculated using the objective refraction, and the rate of miosis was calculated using the pupil diameter. These values were then compared between the dominant and the non-dominant eyes. Results: Under binocular open viewing conditions, the accommodative response in the dominant eye was greater than in the non-dominant eye (p = 0.001). In contrast, under monocular single viewing conditions, there were no differences in the accommodative response between the dominant and non-dominant eyes. In both binocular open viewing and monocular single viewing conditions, there were no differences in the miosis ratio between the dominant and non-dominant eyes. Conclusion: These results suggest that the accommodative response under binocular open viewing conditions is influenced by ocular dominance.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2021ZD0203800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871104 and 31830037).
文摘Previous research has shown that ocular dominance can be biased by prolonged attention to one eye.The ocular-opponency-neuron model of binocular rivalry has been proposed as a candidate account for this phenomenon.Yet direct neural evidence is still lacking.By manipulating the contrast of dichoptic testing gratings,here we measured the steady-state visually evoked potentials(SSVEPs)at the intermodulation frequencies to selectively track the activities of ocular-opponency-neurons before and after the“dichoptic-backward-movie”adaptation.One hour of adaptation caused a shift of perceptual and neural ocular dominance towards the unattended eye.More importantly,we found a decrease in the intermodulation SSVEP response after adaptation,which was significantly greater when high-contrast gratings were presented to the attended eye than when they were presented to the unattended eye.These results strongly support the view that the adaptation of ocular-opponency-neurons contributes to the ocular dominance plasticity induced by prolonged eye-based attention.
基金funded by grants from the Instituto de Salud CarlosⅢ(DTS18/0163 and ICI20/00129)co-funded by European Union。
文摘Retinal neurodegeneration plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy(DR),the leading cause of preventable blindness.In fact,the American Diabetes Association has defined DR as a highly specific neurovascular complication(Solomon et al.,2017).Therefore,it is no longer acceptable to consider DR as merely a microvascular complication.In this regard,the term diabetic retinal disease(DRD)has been proposed as a broader term comprising microangiopathy and neurodegeneration.However,there are currently no treatments available that directly target the neurodegenerative changes of DR.This paper will give new insights into the translational research in this field with particular emphasis on glucagon-like peptide 1/dipeptidyl peptidase IV(GLP-1/DPP-IV)inhibitors.
文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of lacidipine,thiamine pyrophosphate(TPP)and the combination of lacidipine and TPP against oxidative and inflammatory eye damage induced by bilateral common carotid artery ligation in rats.METHODS:Male albino Wistar rats were categorized as those who underwent sham surgery(SG),right and left common carotid cross-clamping and unclamping procedure(CCU),lacidipine+CCU(LCCU),TPP+CCU(TCCU),and combination of lacidipine and TPP(LTC)+CCU(LTCCU).One hour before anesthesia,the LCCU(n=6)received lacidipine(4 mg/kg,orally)and the TCCU(n=6)received TPP(20 mg/kg,intraperitoneally).The SG(n=6)and CCU(n=6)received the same volume of distilled water from the same route.After anesthesia(60 mg/kg ketamine,intraperitoneally),the necks of the rats were opened in the midline.Ischemia was created for 10min by placing clips on the right and left common carotid arteries.Rats in the SG only underwent subcutaneous incision.After 10min,the clips were removed and reperfusion was achieved for six days.Then,the animals were euthanized(120 mg/kg ketamine,intraperitoneally)and the levels of oxidant,antioxidant and proinflammatory cytokines in the eye tissues were determined.The retinal tissue of the eye was also examined histopathologically.RESULTS:Lacidipine,TPP,and LTC significantly prevent the increase in malondialdehyde,tumor necrosis factoralpha,interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and IL-6 levels,decrease in total glutathione levels,superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and histopathological retinal damage in eye tissue induced by bilateral common carotid artery ligation in rats.The impact of these drugs on protection is determined to be LTC>lacidipine>TPP.CONCLUSION:As a result of the study,it is concluded that LTC may be more effective than lacidipine and TPP alone in treating ocular ischemic syndrome.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81400428)Self-selected Projects of Shanghai Children’s Hospital(No.2020R124)Shanghai Children’s Hospital Hospital-level Project Clinical Research Cultivation Special Focus Project(No.2021YLYZ03).
文摘AIM:To quantitatively measure ocular morphological parameters of guinea pig with Python technology.METHODS:Thirty-six eyeballs of eighteen 3-weekold guinea pigs were measured with keratometer and photographed to obtain the horizontal,coronal,and sagittal planes respectively.The corresponding photo pixels-actual length ratio was acquired by a proportional scale.The edge coordinates were identified artificially by ginput function.Circle and conic curve fitting were applied to fit the contour of the eyeball in the sagittal,coronal and horizontal view.The curvature,curvature radius,eccentricity,tilt angle,corneal diameter,and binocular separation angle were calculated according to the geometric principles.Next,the eyeballs were removed,canny edge detection was applied to identify the contour of eyeball in vitro.The results were compared between in vivo and in vitro.RESULTS:Regarding the corneal curvature and curvature radius on the horizontal and sagittal planes,no significant differences were observed among results in vivo,in vitro,and the keratometer.The horizontal and vertical binocular separation angles were 130.6°±6.39°and 129.8°±9.58°respectively.For the corneal curvature radius and eccentricity in vivo,significant differences were observed between horizontal and vertical planes.CONCLUSION:The Graphical interface window of Python makes up the deficiency of edge detection,which requires too much definition in Matlab.There are significant differences between guinea pig and human beings,such as exotropic eye position,oblique oval eyeball,and obvious discrepancy of binoculus.This study helps evaluate objectively the ocular morphological parameters of small experimental animals in emmetropization research.
文摘This review comprehensively explores the versatile potential of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)with a specific focus on adipose-derived MSCs.Ophthalmic and oculoplastic surgery,encompassing diverse procedures for ocular and periocular enhancement,demands advanced solutions for tissue restoration,functional and aesthetic refinement,and aging.Investigating immunomodulatory,regenerative,and healing capacities of MSCs,this review underscores the potential use of adipose-derived MSCs as a cost-effective alternative from bench to bedside,addressing common unmet needs in the field of reconstructive and regenerative surgery.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.31800868(to YZ),32271037(to XL)and 82271090(to HZ).
文摘The therapeutic potential of Annexin A1,an important member of the Annexin superfamily,has become evident in results of experiments with multiple human systems and animal models.The anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects of Annexin A1 are characteristic of pathologies involving the nervous system.In this review,we initially describe the expression sites of Annexin A1,then outline the mechanisms by which Annexin A1 maintains the neurological homeostasis through either formyl peptide receptor 2 or other molecular approaches;and,finally,we discuss the neuroregenerative potential qualities of Annexin A1.The eye and the nervous system are anatomically and functionally connected,but the association between visual system pathogenesis,especially in the retina,and Annexin A1 alterations has not been well summarized.Therefore,we explain the beneficial effects of Annexin A1 for ocular diseases,especially for retinal diseases and glaucoma on the basis of published findings,and we explore present and future delivery strategies for Annexin A1 to the retina.
文摘Corneal neuromas,also termed microneuromas,refer to microscopic,irregula rly-shaped enlargements of terminal subbasal nerve endings at sites of nerve damage or injury.The formation of corneal neuromas results from damage to corneal nerves,such as following corneal pathology or corneal or intraocular surge ries.Initially,denervated areas of sensory nerve fibers become invaded by sprouts of intact sensory nerve fibers,and later injured axons regenerate and new sprouts called neuromas develop.In recent years,analysis of corneal nerve abnormalities including corneal neuromas which can be identified using in vivo confocal microscopy,a non-invasive imaging technique with microscopic resolution,has been used to evaluate corneal neuropathy and ocular surface dysfunction.Corneal neuromas have been shown to be associated with clinical symptoms of discomfort and dryness of eyes,and are a promising surrogate biomarker for ocular surface diseases,such as neuropathic corneal pain,dry eye disease,diabetic corneal neuropathy,neurotrophic keratopathy,Sjogren's syndrome,bullous keratopathy,post-refra ctive surgery,and others.In this review,we have summarized the current literature on the association between these ocular surface diseases and the presentation of corneal microneuromas,as well as elaborated on their pathogenesis,visualization via in vivo confocal microscopy,and utility in monitoring treatment efficacy.As current quantitative analysis on neuromas mainly relies on manual annotation and quantification,which is user-dependent and labor-intensive,future direction includes the development of artificial intelligence software to identify and quantify these potential imaging biomarkers in a more automated and sensitive manner,allowing it to be applied in clinical settings more efficiently.Combining imaging and molecular biomarkers may also help elucidate the associations between corneal neuromas and ocular surface diseases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82371051(to DW)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,No.7212092(to DW)+1 种基金the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research,No.2022-2-5041(to DW)the Fund of Science and Technology Development of Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital,Capital Medical University,No.2021R-001(to YL).
文摘High intraocular pressure causes retinal ganglion cell injury in primary and secondary glaucoma diseases,yet the molecular landscape characteristics of retinal cells under high intraocular pressure remain unknown.Rat models of acute hypertension ocular pressure were established by injection of cross-linked hyaluronic acid hydrogel(Healaflow■).Single-cell RNA sequencing was then used to describe the cellular composition and molecular profile of the retina following high intraocular pressure.Our results identified a total of 12 cell types,namely retinal pigment epithelial cells,rod-photoreceptor cells,bipolar cells,Müller cells,microglia,cone-photoreceptor cells,retinal ganglion cells,endothelial cells,retinal progenitor cells,oligodendrocytes,pericytes,and fibroblasts.The single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the retina under acute high intraocular pressure revealed obvious changes in the proportions of various retinal cells,with ganglion cells decreased by 23%.Hematoxylin and eosin staining and TUNEL staining confirmed the damage to retinal ganglion cells under high intraocular pressure.We extracted data from retinal ganglion cells and analyzed the retinal ganglion cell cluster with the most distinct expression.We found upregulation of the B3gat2 gene,which is associated with neuronal migration and adhesion,and downregulation of the Tsc22d gene,which participates in inhibition of inflammation.This study is the first to reveal molecular changes and intercellular interactions in the retina under high intraocular pressure.These data contribute to understanding of the molecular mechanism of retinal injury induced by high intraocular pressure and will benefit the development of novel therapies.
文摘Ocular surface disease(OSD)can have a severe impact on patients as it can lead to visual impairment and persistent discomfort.Ocular surface reconstruction(OSR)is an approach to the management of ocular diseases that cause structural damage to the ocular surface.OSR encompasses both medical and surgical treatment options.In this review,we discuss the medical and surgical strategies used in OSR.Medical management often aims to treat tear insufficiency,inflammation,and keratinization.Surgical treatments may be employed for a variety of reasons,including failure of medical management.This may include improving the oculo-palpebral structures in order to improve lid positioning and tear film.Additional therapies focus on improving tear production,such as through salivary gland transplantation.In situations where the ocular surface is so severely damaged that there is loss of limbal stem cells,limbal stem cell transplant(LSCT)may be indicated.Other surgeries such as amniotic membrane transplant(AMT)and conjunctival flaps(CFs)can help promote corneal healing.Finally,in severe situations where the cornea is beyond salvage,corneal transplantation,such as a penetrating keratoplasty(PKP),can be considered.OSR often requires a combination of medical and surgical approaches targeted to each specific patient’s presentation in order to achieve optimal outcomes.
文摘Background:A few hours of monocular deprivation with a diffuser eye patch temporarily strengthens the contribution of the deprived eye to binocular vision.This shift in favour of the deprived eye is characterized as a form of adult visual plasticity.Studies in animal and human models suggest that neuromodulators can enhance adult brain plasticity in general.Specifically,acetylcholine has been shown to improve certain aspects of visual function and plasticity in adulthood.We investigated whether a single administration of donepezil(a cholinesterase inhibitor)could further augment the temporary shift in perceptual eye dominance that occurs after two hours of monocular patching.Methods:We conducted three experiments to investigate whether donepezil enhances the shift in perceptual eye dominance induced by monocular patching.In each experiment,healthy adults completed two experimental sessions while taking either donepezil(5 mg,oral)or a placebo(lactose)pill.In experiment 1 we patched the non-dominant eye for 2 hours and measured ocular balance with a binocular phase combination task.In experiment 2 we patched for one hour to investigate whether donepezil shortens the amount of time necessary to observe a shift in ocular dominance.In experiment 3 we patched for 2 hours and measured ocular balance with a binocular rivalry task to see if the effect of donepezil was comparable across the two tasks.We calculated AUCs for the shift in perceptual eye dominance across five time points after removing the patch to compare our treatment conditions in each experiment.Results:Donepezil significantly reduces the magnitude and duration of the shift in perceptual eye dominance produced by both 2(P<0.01)and 1 hours(P<0.05)of monocular patching when measuring ocular balance with a binocular phase combination task.Donepezil also reduces the magnitude of the shift in ocular dominance when measuring balance with a binocular rivalry task.Conclusions:Previous studies have demonstrated that cholinergic potentiation enhances adult brain plasticity.Because of this,we hypothesized donepezil would further augment the strength of the deprived eye after patching.Our study demonstrates that enhanced cholinergic potentiation actually interferes with the consolidation of the perceptual eye dominance plasticity induced by several hours of monocular deprivation.These results contribute to the growing evidence that cholinergic potentiation enhances certain forms of adult brain plasticity at the expense of others.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the Vision Information Processing Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics, Academia Sinica, Beijing.
文摘Among the visual cortex areas investigated, besides areas 17, 18 and 19, the lateral suprasylvian area (LS) is best studied. The cells in this area are mainly sensitive to the visual stimuli with the preferred moving direction. The responses to stationary stimuli are poor and the cells have no orientation selectivity. Most cells show spatial summation and
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3302001)the Human Injury and Disability Degree Classification(No.SF20181312)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62071285)。
文摘AIM:To predict best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)by machine learning in patients with ocular trauma who were treated for at least 6mo.METHODS:The internal dataset consisted of 850 patients with 1589 eyes and an average age of 44.29y.The initial visual acuity was 0.99 log MAR.The test dataset consisted of 60 patients with 100 eyes collected while the model was optimized.Four different machine-learning algorithms(Extreme Gradient Boosting,support vector regression,Bayesian ridge,and random forest regressor)were used to predict BCVA,and four algorithms(Extreme Gradient Boosting,support vector machine,logistic regression,and random forest classifier)were used to classify BCVA in patients with ocular trauma after treatment for 6mo or longer.Clinical features were obtained from outpatient records,and ocular parameters were extracted from optical coherence tomography images and fundus photographs.These features were put into different machine-learning models,and the obtained predicted values were compared with the actual BCVA values.The best-performing model and the best variable selected were further evaluated in the test dataset.RESULTS:There was a significant correlation between the predicted and actual values[all Pearson correlation coefficient(PCC)>0.6].Considering only the data from the traumatic group(group A)into account,the lowest mean absolute error(MAE)and root mean square error(RMSE)were 0.30 and 0.40 log MAR,respectively.In the traumatic and healthy groups(group B),the lowest MAE and RMSE were 0.20 and 0.33 log MAR,respectively.The sensitivity was always higher than the specificity in group A,in contrast to the results in group B.The classification accuracy and precision were above 0.80 in both groups.The MAE,RMSE,and PCC of the test dataset were 0.20,0.29,and 0.96,respectively.The sensitivity,precision,specificity,and accuracy of the test dataset were 0.83,0.92,0.95,and 0.90,respectively.CONCLUSION:Predicting BCVA using machine-learning models in patients with treated ocular trauma is accurate and helpful in the identification of visual dysfunction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81570844the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,No.2011D001+2 种基金Medical Innovation Program of Fujian Province,No.2011-CXB-47Huaxia Translational Medicine Youth Foundation,No.2017-A-00301Xiamen Science and Technology Program Guiding Project,No.3502Z20189033(all to RYW)。
文摘Mesenchymal stem cells have neuroprotective effects that limit damage to the retina and photoreceptors,and which may be mediated by extracellular vesicles(or exosomes)released by mesenchymal stem cells.To investigate the neuroprotective effect of extracellular vesicles derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on glaucoma,we established rat models of chronic ocular hypertension by injecting conjunctival fibroblasts into the anterior chamber to mimic optic nerve injury caused by glaucoma.One week after injury,extracellular vesicles derived from umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells were injected into the vitreous cavity.We found that extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells substantially reduced retinal damage,increased the number of retinal ganglion cells,and inhibited the activation of caspase-3.These findings suggest that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles can help alleviate optic nerve injury caused by chronic ocular hypertension,and this effect is achieved by inhibiting cell apoptosis.
文摘Introduction: Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) is the commonest musculoskeletal deformity worldwide. The Ponseti technique is the goal standard for clubfoot treatment. During the correction phase, the provider’s right hand manipulates the right foot and the left hand, left foot. Often, one foot is ready for Achilles tenotomy before the other in bilateral clubfoot. Objective: To determine the effect of the provider’s hand dominance would have on bilateral clubfoot treated with the Ponseti technique. Method: This was a prospective cross-sectional study that analyzed idiopathic bilateral clubfoot patients aged 0 - 5 years and treated using the Ponseti technique at FMC Umuahia from October 2019 to September 2020. Informed consent and ethical clearance were obtained. The Pirani scores were obtained and compared at presentation and at each clinic visit. All trained manipulators were right-handed. Two-tailed t-test was used and a p-value less than 0.05 was deemed significant. Results: Forty-seven patients participated in the study with an M:F of 2.6:1 and mean age of 13.79 ± 13.39 months. Thirty-six patients (76.6%) had the same Pirani score on both feet at presentation, while the right and left feet were more severely affected in 8 and 3 cases respectively. The mean number of casts before readiness for tenotomy was 4.95 on the right and 5.28 on the left with p-value of 0.042. Conclusion: Though the right foot had a worse mean Pirani score on presentation, however, it required fewer casts before readiness for tenotomy than the left.
文摘Background: To explore the changes in ocular biomechanics during pregnancy and the postpartum period and their association with maternal hormone level changes. Methods: In a prospective cohort study, 24 eyes of 12 pregnant women were enrolled and monitored throughout pregnancy and after delivery (6 weeks). Intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal endothelium cell (CEC), axial length (AL), corneal curvature (K1, K2), anterior chamber depth (ACD), central subfield thickness (CST), macular volume (MV), cube average thickness (CAT), retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), tear meniscus height (TMH), and breaking up time (BUT) were measured throughout pregnancy, and blood plasma levels of maternal hormones were determined at the same time points. Results: A gradual decrease in IOP values was observed as gestation progressed, and there was a statistically significant difference in IOP between the 3rd trimester and the 1st and 2nd trimester and postpartum (p = 0.002, p = 0.006, p = 0.050). There was a significant difference between the 1st and 2nd trimesters in terms of MV (p = 0.023). The difference in RNFL in the 3rd trimester and postpartum was significant (p = 0.011). The levels of the β-hCG showed a significant correlation with K2, ACD, and TMH only in the 2nd trimester (r = 0.588, p = 0.045;r = - 0.740, p = 0.006;r = 0.642, p = 0.024). Regarding luteinizing hormone, there was a negative correlation with MV in the 1st and 2nd trimesters (r = - 0.598, p = 0.040;r = - 0.672, p = 0.017) and CAT in the 1st and 2nd trimesters (r = - 0.599, p = 0.040;r = - 0.655, p = 0.021). Luteinizing hormone levels were correlated with ACD (r = - 0.702, p = 0.011) in the 2nd trimester and K2 (r = 0.585, p = 0.046) in the 3rd trimester. A correlation was found between follicle-stimulating hormone levels and CEC, MV and CAT in the 1st trimester (r = - 0.677, p = 0.016;r = - 0.602, p = 0.039;r = - 0.584, p = 0.046) and AL in the 3rd trimester (r = - 0.618, p = 0.032). The correlation between oestradiol and CST in the 1st trimester (r = - 0.621, p = 0.031) and RNFL (r = 0.594, p = 0.041) in the postpartum. A statistically significant correlation between progesterone and MV (r = 0.583, p = 0.047) and TMH (r = 0.762, p = 0.004) was observed in the 1st trimester. No significant intergroup correlation was observed postpartum (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Ophthalmological parameters showed physiological changes induced by hormone levels in pregnancy and returned to baseline levels after delivery.
文摘Objective: Present a new screening approach for ocular diseases. Method: Transversal, retrospective, single center study that analyzed medical records of patients from a social project on the prevention of blindness and amblyopia, which aimed at: 1) Detect the main ocular disorders such as amblyopia, primary angle-closure suspect (PACS);glaucoma suspect (GS);predisposing retinal detachment lesions (PRDL);age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and diabetic retinopathy (DR);2) Perform cataract diagnosis;3) Provide guidance and treatment for allergic conjunctivitis. 4) Prescribe glasses for children until 14 years of age. Participants were examined by a single specialist, holder of a post-doctoral degree in ophthalmology, with 36 years of experience and a sub-specialization in retina and vitreous. All data were analyzed in 2022. Results: The examiner diagnosed 42 cases of PACS, 21 of GS, 8 of PRDL, 14 of AMD, 3 of DR, 40 of cataract and 31 cases of allergic conjunctivitis. Thirty-three participants younger than 14 were prescribed glasses. Other pathologies included retinal detachment, papilledema, corneal ulcer, suspected conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma, retinal vasculitis, strabismus, uveitis, bilateral papilla paleness and lacrimal duct obstruction. Out of the 297 cases examined, 168 participants presented some type of alteration that could compromise their vision. Conclusion: The examiner’s experience and knowledge were decisive factors for the quick diagnosis, advice, screening and/or treatment of several ocular diseases. The social project results reveal that the primary care and/or the screening performed by a specialist are likely to reduce blindness cases.
文摘Dear Editor,Takayasu arteritis(TA)is a rare,idiopathic,granulomatous,large-vessel vasculitis,with preferential involvement of the aorta,its main branches,and pulmonary arteries[1].It has been reported that the ocular involvements were found in 8.1%–68%[2],non-specific arthralgia or myalgia in 13%–41%,aortic regurgitation in 5%–55%.
文摘Dear Editor,We are writing to present an uncommon case of a45-year-old woman with bilateral proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and ocular albinism (OA).Albinism is a group of inherited disorders of tyrosinase activities and melanin biosynthesis resulting in little or no production of the pigment melanin。
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2019A1515011212)Beijing Bethune Charitable Foundation(No.BJ-GY2021014J)。
文摘AIM:To explore the relationship between ocular and systemic conditions and the impact of ocular complications on the quality of life(QOL)in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(ALLO-HSCT).METHODS:Forty-four patients with severe hematopoietic disease were enrolled after ALLO-HSCT at our center from July 2018 to October 2020.They completed two questionnaires:the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)and the quality-of-life scale for Chinese patients with visual impairment(SQOL-DV1).Ocular conditions and systemic conditions were also assessed.RESULTS:Eye damage was correlated with total bilirubin(P=0.005),and gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT)(P=0.021).There was no significant correlation between the overall QOL score and OSDI(P=0.8226)or SQOLDV1(P=0.9526)scores.The OSDI and the overall QOL score were not correlated with ocular conditions,including best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),intraocular pressure,Schirmer tear test II,sodium fluorescein staining,tear film breakup time,and tear meniscus height.SQOLDV1 was correlated with BCVA(P=0.0007),sodium fluorescein staining(P=0.007),and tear film breakup time(P=0.0146).CONCLUSION:In some patients,early ocular symptoms are not evident after ALLO-HSCT,while ocular surface complications can be observed after a comprehensive ophthalmological examination.Especially for those with elevated total bilirubin or GGT,regular ophthalmic follow-up visits are essential to diagnose and treat ocular graft versus host disease(o GVHD),especially for patients with elevated total bilirubin or GGT.
