BACKGROUND Functional epiphora is a clinical condition which is not due to an anatomic defect.Most studies agree that it involves the action of the orbicularis oculi muscle,particularly its deeper segment(Horner’s mu...BACKGROUND Functional epiphora is a clinical condition which is not due to an anatomic defect.Most studies agree that it involves the action of the orbicularis oculi muscle,particularly its deeper segment(Horner’s muscle),but the exact mechanism is not clear.AIM To evaluate the orbicularis oculi muscle in functional epiphora patients using electromyography(EMG).METHODS A total of 8 Chinese patients(16 eyes)with functional epiphora were enrolled in this study,and ten volunteers(10 eyes)were included as normal controls.Five epiphora patients(five eyes)with facial palsy served as positive controls.Quantitative EMG was performed in the deeper segment of orbicularis oculi muscle.The average duration of each EMG waveform was measured.RESULTS The average duration of EMG waveforms in the normal control group,the functional epiphora group,and the facial palsy group were 6.39±0.73 ms,9.39±1.32 ms and 11.2±1.42 ms,respectively.The duration of EMG waveforms was significantly longer in the functional epiphora group than in the normal control group(P<0.05),and shorter than that in the facial palsy group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION These data indicate the presence of neurogenic orbicularis oculi muscle damage in epiphora patients,which may be the cause of functional epiphora.The etiology of neurogenic damage in the orbicularis oculi muscle requires further investigation.展开更多
Background: Traditional full-incision double eyelid blepharoplasty has several significant disadvantages, including slow recovery and bilateral asymmetry, which results in high rates of patient dissatisfaction. These ...Background: Traditional full-incision double eyelid blepharoplasty has several significant disadvantages, including slow recovery and bilateral asymmetry, which results in high rates of patient dissatisfaction. These problems can be minimized using improved surgical techniques aimed at reducing tissue damage and bleeding, decreasing operation time, and especially at protecting the subcutaneous capillary network during the operation. We therefore aimed to guard the capillary network and reduce intraoperative bleeding using the practical technique of reverse orbicularis oculi muscle resection.Methods: Fifty cases of double eyelid blepharoplasty with traditional full-incision(group A) and 61 cases of reverse double eyelid blepharoplasty with a preserved capillary network(group B) were divided into two groups from October 1 to December 31, 2021 and from March 1 to May 31, 2022, respectively. The orbicularis oculi muscle was removed reversely from the front of the tarsal plate using double eyelid blepharoplasty, and the muscular membrane and subcutaneous capillary network were preserved. The operation time recorded in previous medical records was checked and compared with that of our novel technique. The recovery of double eyelid blepharoplasty was determined at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after the operation and patient satisfaction was also compared with that in previous medical records of patients in group A.Results: The reverse double eyelid blepharoplasty procedure was less complicated and easier to control than the traditional full-incision double eyelid blepharoplasty methodology. The average operation time of the double eyelid blepharoplasty cases with traditional full-incision was significantly greater than that of the cases of reverse double eyelid blepharoplasty with the capillary network preserved(45.68 ± 5.27 min and 31.11 ± 5.58 min,respectively;t=14.018 9, P=0.000 0). Patient satisfaction was 42% and 78.69%, respectively, at 1 week postoperation(χ~2=15.724 8, P=0.000 1), 62% and 90.16% at 4 weeks post-operation(χ~2=12.490 2, P=0.000 4),and 90% and 95.08%, at 12 weeks post-operation(χ~2=1.061 1, P=0.303 0).Conclusion: Reverse double eyelid blepharoplasty with preserved subcutaneous capillary network effectively decreases the operation time and improves post-operative patient satisfaction. It is a double eyelid blepharoplasty method worthy of popularization.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Aging changes to the lower eyelids and midface include all but not only these changes: pseudoherniated orbital fat, tear trough deformity, lid laxity, and dermatochalasis. Surg...<strong>Background:</strong> Aging changes to the lower eyelids and midface include all but not only these changes: pseudoherniated orbital fat, tear trough deformity, lid laxity, and dermatochalasis. Surgical repair often aims at treating redundant skin or orbital fat malposition with a lower eyelid blepharoplasty. In manipulating the inferior orbital fat pads, a surgeon has many options including excision, repositioning, or augmentation with synthetic dermal filler, autologous fat grafts, or acellular dermal allografts <a href="#ref1">[1]</a>. The aim of this study is to find the best approach in preventing fat herniation reccurnce in lower lid blepharoplasty. <strong>Methods: </strong>The patients in study were classified into three groups depending on the used surgical technique, to test the most effective technique associated with minimal rate of lower fat pad recurrence after surgery. Two of these techniques include a muscular flap suspension from the orbicularis oculae muscle. <strong>Results: </strong>The two surgical techniques that include orbicularis oculi muscle suspension are associated with no recurrence of lower herniated fat pads after blepharoplasty. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> The suspension of orbicularis oculi muscle has an important role in enhancing the lower orbital septum and prevents the recurrence of the lower herniated fat pads.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Functional epiphora is a clinical condition which is not due to an anatomic defect.Most studies agree that it involves the action of the orbicularis oculi muscle,particularly its deeper segment(Horner’s muscle),but the exact mechanism is not clear.AIM To evaluate the orbicularis oculi muscle in functional epiphora patients using electromyography(EMG).METHODS A total of 8 Chinese patients(16 eyes)with functional epiphora were enrolled in this study,and ten volunteers(10 eyes)were included as normal controls.Five epiphora patients(five eyes)with facial palsy served as positive controls.Quantitative EMG was performed in the deeper segment of orbicularis oculi muscle.The average duration of each EMG waveform was measured.RESULTS The average duration of EMG waveforms in the normal control group,the functional epiphora group,and the facial palsy group were 6.39±0.73 ms,9.39±1.32 ms and 11.2±1.42 ms,respectively.The duration of EMG waveforms was significantly longer in the functional epiphora group than in the normal control group(P<0.05),and shorter than that in the facial palsy group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION These data indicate the presence of neurogenic orbicularis oculi muscle damage in epiphora patients,which may be the cause of functional epiphora.The etiology of neurogenic damage in the orbicularis oculi muscle requires further investigation.
文摘Background: Traditional full-incision double eyelid blepharoplasty has several significant disadvantages, including slow recovery and bilateral asymmetry, which results in high rates of patient dissatisfaction. These problems can be minimized using improved surgical techniques aimed at reducing tissue damage and bleeding, decreasing operation time, and especially at protecting the subcutaneous capillary network during the operation. We therefore aimed to guard the capillary network and reduce intraoperative bleeding using the practical technique of reverse orbicularis oculi muscle resection.Methods: Fifty cases of double eyelid blepharoplasty with traditional full-incision(group A) and 61 cases of reverse double eyelid blepharoplasty with a preserved capillary network(group B) were divided into two groups from October 1 to December 31, 2021 and from March 1 to May 31, 2022, respectively. The orbicularis oculi muscle was removed reversely from the front of the tarsal plate using double eyelid blepharoplasty, and the muscular membrane and subcutaneous capillary network were preserved. The operation time recorded in previous medical records was checked and compared with that of our novel technique. The recovery of double eyelid blepharoplasty was determined at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after the operation and patient satisfaction was also compared with that in previous medical records of patients in group A.Results: The reverse double eyelid blepharoplasty procedure was less complicated and easier to control than the traditional full-incision double eyelid blepharoplasty methodology. The average operation time of the double eyelid blepharoplasty cases with traditional full-incision was significantly greater than that of the cases of reverse double eyelid blepharoplasty with the capillary network preserved(45.68 ± 5.27 min and 31.11 ± 5.58 min,respectively;t=14.018 9, P=0.000 0). Patient satisfaction was 42% and 78.69%, respectively, at 1 week postoperation(χ~2=15.724 8, P=0.000 1), 62% and 90.16% at 4 weeks post-operation(χ~2=12.490 2, P=0.000 4),and 90% and 95.08%, at 12 weeks post-operation(χ~2=1.061 1, P=0.303 0).Conclusion: Reverse double eyelid blepharoplasty with preserved subcutaneous capillary network effectively decreases the operation time and improves post-operative patient satisfaction. It is a double eyelid blepharoplasty method worthy of popularization.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Aging changes to the lower eyelids and midface include all but not only these changes: pseudoherniated orbital fat, tear trough deformity, lid laxity, and dermatochalasis. Surgical repair often aims at treating redundant skin or orbital fat malposition with a lower eyelid blepharoplasty. In manipulating the inferior orbital fat pads, a surgeon has many options including excision, repositioning, or augmentation with synthetic dermal filler, autologous fat grafts, or acellular dermal allografts <a href="#ref1">[1]</a>. The aim of this study is to find the best approach in preventing fat herniation reccurnce in lower lid blepharoplasty. <strong>Methods: </strong>The patients in study were classified into three groups depending on the used surgical technique, to test the most effective technique associated with minimal rate of lower fat pad recurrence after surgery. Two of these techniques include a muscular flap suspension from the orbicularis oculae muscle. <strong>Results: </strong>The two surgical techniques that include orbicularis oculi muscle suspension are associated with no recurrence of lower herniated fat pads after blepharoplasty. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> The suspension of orbicularis oculi muscle has an important role in enhancing the lower orbital septum and prevents the recurrence of the lower herniated fat pads.
