Soil contamination by metals is a worldwide environmental problem. Electrokinetic extraction is a promising technology for in-situ remediation of contaminated soils of low hydraulic permeability. However, the extracti...Soil contamination by metals is a worldwide environmental problem. Electrokinetic extraction is a promising technology for in-situ remediation of contaminated soils of low hydraulic permeability. However, the extraction of metals is usually hindered by the high buffer capacity of natural soils. Organophosphonates are strong metal chelates as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA) which has been widely studied in the enhancement of electrokinetic remediation. In this study, batch desorption experiments and bench-scale electrokinetic extraction experiments were carried out to study the effect of two organophosphonates, i.e.,(nitrilotrimethylene)triphosphonate(NTMP) &(ethylenedinitrilo)-tetramethylenephosphonate(EDTMP), on the extraction of cadmium from a natural clay in comparison with EDTA. Results of the batch desorption experiments showed that more than 75% of the sorbed cadmium could be dissolved into solution using 0.1 mol·L^(-1) organophosphonates or EDTA in the wide p H range of 1–11. Results of the electrokinetic extraction experiments showed that the cadmium spiked in the specimen migrated towards the anode with the enhancement of NTMP,EDTMP, and EDTA under a constant voltage gradient of approximately 1.0 V·cm-1. Although cadmium mobilization enhanced by EDTA was more efficient than that by the organophosphonates, accumulation of cadmium was observed in the vicinity of the anode. The average removal efficiencies of cadmium from the soil after approximately 5 days of electrokinetic extraction enhanced by 0.1 mol·L-1 NTMP(22.8%) and EDTMP(22.4%) were higher than that by 0.1 mol·L^(-1) EDTA(15.1%).展开更多
The amino-tri-（methylenephosphonic acid） layers were adsorbed on the surface of AA6061 aluminum alloy for improving the lacquer adhesion and corrosion inhibition as a substitute for chromate coatings. The surface st...The amino-tri-（methylenephosphonic acid） layers were adsorbed on the surface of AA6061 aluminum alloy for improving the lacquer adhesion and corrosion inhibition as a substitute for chromate coatings. The surface structure and characteristic of the amino-tri-（methylenephosphonic acid） layers on AA6061 aluminum alloy were investigated by means of XPS and ATR-FTIR analysis. The analyzed results showed that the amino-tri-（methylenephosphonic acid） adsorption layers adsorb on the surface of aluminium alloy via acid-base interaction in a bi-dentate conformation. After the amino-tri-（methylenephosphonic acid） layers were coated with epoxy resin, the layers showed good adhesive strength and favorable corrosion resistance in contrast to chromate coatings.展开更多
A novel zinc（H） metal phosphonate compound [Zn（phen）（m-OOCC6H4PO3H）] 1 （phen = phenanthroline） has been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Single-crystal X-ray structure analysis reveals that compound ...A novel zinc（H） metal phosphonate compound [Zn（phen）（m-OOCC6H4PO3H）] 1 （phen = phenanthroline） has been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Single-crystal X-ray structure analysis reveals that compound 1 belongs to the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 9.3356（19）, b = 10.203（2）,c = 10.743（2）A,α = 76.3030（70）, β= 69.2317（51）, y = 84.3833（74）°,V = 929.4（3） ,A3, Z = 2, C2OH15N2O5PZn, Mr = 459.68, Dc = 1.643 g/cm^3,μ= 1.444, mm^-1, F（000） = 468, the final R = 0.0330 and wR = 0.0848. In the structure, the central ion Zn（H） is five-coordinated, linking three O atoms with one from carboxyl and the other two from phosphonyl group. The remained two coordinate sites were occupied by two N atoms from one phen molecule to form the asymmetric unit. Then every two adjacent asymmetric units are bridged by the O atoms from phosphonate group and carboxyl to give rise to a 1D chain along the b axis. These chains are constructed by weak π-π stacking interactions and C-H…π interactions to generate a 3D supramolecular framework.展开更多
Glyphosate is an important organophosphonate herbicide used to eliminate grasses and herbaceous plants in many vegetation management situations.Its extensive use is causing environmental pollution,and consequently,the...Glyphosate is an important organophosphonate herbicide used to eliminate grasses and herbaceous plants in many vegetation management situations.Its extensive use is causing environmental pollution,and consequently,there is a need to remove it from the environment using an eco-friendly and cost-effective method.As a step to address this problem,a novel bacterial strain Comamonas odontotermitis F2,capable to utilize glyphosate as a carbon(C)and/or phosphorus(P)source,was isolated from a glyphostate-contaminated field soil in Australia and characterized.Response surface methodology(RSM)employing a 2^3 full factorial central composite design was used to optimize glyphosate degradation by C.odontotermitis P2 under various culture conditions.The strain C.odontotermitis P2 was proficient in degrading 1.5 g L^-1 glyphosate completely within 104 h.The optimal conditions for the degradation of glyphosate were found to be pH 7.4,29.9℃,and an inoculum density of 0.54 g L^-1,resulting in a maximum degradation of 90%.Sequencing of glyphosate oxidoreductase(GOX)and C-P lyase(phnJ)genes from C.odontotermitis P2 revealed 999c and 93%identities to already reported bacterial GOX and phnJ genes,respectively.The presence of these two genes in C.odontotermitis indicates its potential to degrade glyphosate through GOX and C-P lyase metabolic pathways.This study demonstrates the potential of C.odontotermitis P2 for efficient degradation of glyphosate,which can be exploited for remediation of glyphosate.展开更多
The major products of the interaction between triethyl phosphite and 3-fluoropropanoyl chloride at room temperature are diethyl (E)-1-(3-fluoropropanoyloxy)-3-fluoroprop-1-enylphosphonate (3) and diethyl l-(diethoxyph...The major products of the interaction between triethyl phosphite and 3-fluoropropanoyl chloride at room temperature are diethyl (E)-1-(3-fluoropropanoyloxy)-3-fluoroprop-1-enylphosphonate (3) and diethyl l-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-3-fluoropropyl phosphate (4). The compounds 3 and 4 were separated by chromatography, and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, 19F and 31P) and mass spectrometry. Possible reaction mechanisms are proposed. The major products 3 and 4 were tested for insecticidal activity. 3 gave 100% control of Musca domestica L. and Phaedon cochledriae Fab. at a dose of 20 μg/per insect.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41201303)Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation,China(ZR2017QEE016)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research for the Central Universities(14CX02191A,17CX02075)State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Foundation(PCRRF13023)
文摘Soil contamination by metals is a worldwide environmental problem. Electrokinetic extraction is a promising technology for in-situ remediation of contaminated soils of low hydraulic permeability. However, the extraction of metals is usually hindered by the high buffer capacity of natural soils. Organophosphonates are strong metal chelates as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA) which has been widely studied in the enhancement of electrokinetic remediation. In this study, batch desorption experiments and bench-scale electrokinetic extraction experiments were carried out to study the effect of two organophosphonates, i.e.,(nitrilotrimethylene)triphosphonate(NTMP) &(ethylenedinitrilo)-tetramethylenephosphonate(EDTMP), on the extraction of cadmium from a natural clay in comparison with EDTA. Results of the batch desorption experiments showed that more than 75% of the sorbed cadmium could be dissolved into solution using 0.1 mol·L^(-1) organophosphonates or EDTA in the wide p H range of 1–11. Results of the electrokinetic extraction experiments showed that the cadmium spiked in the specimen migrated towards the anode with the enhancement of NTMP,EDTMP, and EDTA under a constant voltage gradient of approximately 1.0 V·cm-1. Although cadmium mobilization enhanced by EDTA was more efficient than that by the organophosphonates, accumulation of cadmium was observed in the vicinity of the anode. The average removal efficiencies of cadmium from the soil after approximately 5 days of electrokinetic extraction enhanced by 0.1 mol·L-1 NTMP(22.8%) and EDTMP(22.4%) were higher than that by 0.1 mol·L^(-1) EDTA(15.1%).
基金the Science and Technology Plan Project of LiaoningProvince, China (No.2006221011)
文摘The amino-tri-（methylenephosphonic acid） layers were adsorbed on the surface of AA6061 aluminum alloy for improving the lacquer adhesion and corrosion inhibition as a substitute for chromate coatings. The surface structure and characteristic of the amino-tri-（methylenephosphonic acid） layers on AA6061 aluminum alloy were investigated by means of XPS and ATR-FTIR analysis. The analyzed results showed that the amino-tri-（methylenephosphonic acid） adsorption layers adsorb on the surface of aluminium alloy via acid-base interaction in a bi-dentate conformation. After the amino-tri-（methylenephosphonic acid） layers were coated with epoxy resin, the layers showed good adhesive strength and favorable corrosion resistance in contrast to chromate coatings.
基金supported by the State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, the Young Talent Programmed of Fujian Province (No. 2006F3072)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Fujian Provincial Universities
文摘A novel zinc（H） metal phosphonate compound [Zn（phen）（m-OOCC6H4PO3H）] 1 （phen = phenanthroline） has been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Single-crystal X-ray structure analysis reveals that compound 1 belongs to the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 9.3356（19）, b = 10.203（2）,c = 10.743（2）A,α = 76.3030（70）, β= 69.2317（51）, y = 84.3833（74）°,V = 929.4（3） ,A3, Z = 2, C2OH15N2O5PZn, Mr = 459.68, Dc = 1.643 g/cm^3,μ= 1.444, mm^-1, F（000） = 468, the final R = 0.0330 and wR = 0.0848. In the structure, the central ion Zn（H） is five-coordinated, linking three O atoms with one from carboxyl and the other two from phosphonyl group. The remained two coordinate sites were occupied by two N atoms from one phen molecule to form the asymmetric unit. Then every two adjacent asymmetric units are bridged by the O atoms from phosphonate group and carboxyl to give rise to a 1D chain along the b axis. These chains are constructed by weak π-π stacking interactions and C-H…π interactions to generate a 3D supramolecular framework.
基金We acknowledge Higher Education Commission (HEC), Islamabad, Pakistan, for providing financial support through International Research Support Initiative Program (IRSIP) to conduct this research at University of Sydney, Australia.
文摘Glyphosate is an important organophosphonate herbicide used to eliminate grasses and herbaceous plants in many vegetation management situations.Its extensive use is causing environmental pollution,and consequently,there is a need to remove it from the environment using an eco-friendly and cost-effective method.As a step to address this problem,a novel bacterial strain Comamonas odontotermitis F2,capable to utilize glyphosate as a carbon(C)and/or phosphorus(P)source,was isolated from a glyphostate-contaminated field soil in Australia and characterized.Response surface methodology(RSM)employing a 2^3 full factorial central composite design was used to optimize glyphosate degradation by C.odontotermitis P2 under various culture conditions.The strain C.odontotermitis P2 was proficient in degrading 1.5 g L^-1 glyphosate completely within 104 h.The optimal conditions for the degradation of glyphosate were found to be pH 7.4,29.9℃,and an inoculum density of 0.54 g L^-1,resulting in a maximum degradation of 90%.Sequencing of glyphosate oxidoreductase(GOX)and C-P lyase(phnJ)genes from C.odontotermitis P2 revealed 999c and 93%identities to already reported bacterial GOX and phnJ genes,respectively.The presence of these two genes in C.odontotermitis indicates its potential to degrade glyphosate through GOX and C-P lyase metabolic pathways.This study demonstrates the potential of C.odontotermitis P2 for efficient degradation of glyphosate,which can be exploited for remediation of glyphosate.
文摘The major products of the interaction between triethyl phosphite and 3-fluoropropanoyl chloride at room temperature are diethyl (E)-1-(3-fluoropropanoyloxy)-3-fluoroprop-1-enylphosphonate (3) and diethyl l-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-3-fluoropropyl phosphate (4). The compounds 3 and 4 were separated by chromatography, and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, 19F and 31P) and mass spectrometry. Possible reaction mechanisms are proposed. The major products 3 and 4 were tested for insecticidal activity. 3 gave 100% control of Musca domestica L. and Phaedon cochledriae Fab. at a dose of 20 μg/per insect.
