Objective:To determine the mosquito larvicidal activities of hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol leaf extract of Orthosiphon thymiflorus（O.thymiflorus） against Anopheles stephensi（An.stephensi）,C...Objective:To determine the mosquito larvicidal activities of hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol leaf extract of Orthosiphon thymiflorus（O.thymiflorus） against Anopheles stephensi（An.stephensi）,Culex quinquefasciatus（Cx.quinquefasciatus） and Aedes aegypti （Ae.aegypti）.Methods:The larvicidal activity was assayed against three mosquito species at various concentrations ranging from（50-450 ppm） under the laboratory conditions.The LC<sub>50</sub> and LC<sub>90</sub>value of the O.thymiflorus leaf extract was determined by Probit analysis.Results:The LC<sub>50</sub> values of hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate,acetone and methanol extract of O.thymiflorus third instar larvae of An.stephensi were LC<sub>50</sub>= 201.39,178.76,158.06,139.22 and 118.74 ppm; Cx.quinquefasciatus were LC<sub>50</sub>=228.13,209.72.183.35,163.55 and 149.96 ppm and Ae.aegypti were LC<sub>50</sub>=215.65,197.91,175.05,154.80 and 137.26 ppm,respectively.Maximum larvicidal activity was observed in the methanolic extract followed by acetone,ethyl acetate chloroform and hexane extract.The larval mortality was observed after 24 h exposure.No mortality was observed in control.Conclusions:The present results suggest that the effective plant crude extracts have potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of mosquito vectors.This study provides the first report on the larvicidal activity of this plant crude solvent extract of against An.stephensi,Cx.quinquefasciatus and Ae.aegypti mosquitoes.展开更多
Orthosiphonstamineus commonly known as kumis kucing has been used traditionally for rheumatoid,gout,renal calculus,hypertension,diabetes,etc.[1].It is often used in combination with synthetic hypertensive drugs like i...Orthosiphonstamineus commonly known as kumis kucing has been used traditionally for rheumatoid,gout,renal calculus,hypertension,diabetes,etc.[1].It is often used in combination with synthetic hypertensive drugs like irbesartan.However,both effectiveness combination herbal medicine with modern pharmaceuticals,and the possible adverse effects from herb–drug interactions remain to be verified.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is the most aggressive cancer type.Gemcitabine is the first line chemo-drug used for pancreatic cancer but exerts a broad spectrum of organ toxicities and adverse effects in patients.AIM T...BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is the most aggressive cancer type.Gemcitabine is the first line chemo-drug used for pancreatic cancer but exerts a broad spectrum of organ toxicities and adverse effects in patients.AIM To evaluate the anti-tumour activity and toxicological effects of Orthosiphon stamineus extract formulation(ID:C5EOSEW5050ESA trademarked as Nuvastatic^(TM)),and gemcitabine combination on pancreatic xenograft model.METHODS Mice were randomly divided into six groups of 6 mice each(n=6)and given different treatments for 28 d.The study design consisted of a 2 x 3 factorial treatment structure,with gemcitabine(yes/no)by oral(at 1200 and 400 mg/kg per day).Human pancreatic cancer cells were injected subcutaneously into the flanks of athymic nude mice.C5EOSEW5050ESA(200 or 400 mg/kg per day)was administered orally,while gemcitabine(10 mg/kg per 3 d)was given intraperitoneally either alone or in combination treatment.Histopathological analyses of vital organs,tumour tissues,and incidence of lethality were analysed.Analyses of tumour necrosis and proliferation were determined by haematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry for Ki-67,respectively.RESULTS No signs of toxicity or damage to vital organs were observed in all treatment groups compared to the untreated group.C5EOSEW5050ESA at 200 mg/kg and gemcitabine combination had no additive antitumor effects compared to a single treatment.Remarkably,a comparably greater response in a reduction in tumour growth,Ki-67 protein expression,and necrosis was demonstrated by 400 mg/kg of C5EOSEW5050ESA and gemcitabine combination than that of the individual agents.CONCLUSION These results highlighted the synergistic activity of C5EOSEW5050ESA with gemcitabine to reduce pancreatic tumour growth in mice compared to a single treatment.Thus,this study provides valuable insights into using C5EOSEW5050ESA as a complementary treatment with gemcitabine for pancreatic cancer.展开更多
A new abietane diterpenoid, orthosiphonol (11-methoxy-12, 14-dihydroxy-8, 11, 13-abieta trien-7-one) (1) together with known 11-hydroxysugiol (2) were isolated from Orthosiphon wulfenioides. Their structures were dete...A new abietane diterpenoid, orthosiphonol (11-methoxy-12, 14-dihydroxy-8, 11, 13-abieta trien-7-one) (1) together with known 11-hydroxysugiol (2) were isolated from Orthosiphon wulfenioides. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic evidence.展开更多
The capability of synthesized zeolite A(SZ)to immobilize Ag ions(Ag-SZ)and Ag nanoparticles(AgNp-SZ)were comparatively studied.A novel approach of in situ biosynthesized AgNP-incorporated synthesized zeolite A(AgNp-SZ...The capability of synthesized zeolite A(SZ)to immobilize Ag ions(Ag-SZ)and Ag nanoparticles(AgNp-SZ)were comparatively studied.A novel approach of in situ biosynthesized AgNP-incorporated synthesized zeolite A(AgNp-SZ)was synthesized at an optimum volume of 0.4mL of the Orthosiphon aristatus(O.aristatus)leaves plant extract(5%)using an in situ approach.In comparison,Ag-Sz was produced by loading the synthesized zeolite with Ag ions.All synthesized materials were characterized for their morphologies and physicochemicalproperties.The characterization analysesvalidate thathe biosynthesized AgNP(<100 nm)using O.aristatus leaves extract was incorporated into the zeolite A.The antibacterial testing confirmed that these materials have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coliATCC11229 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538.MIC/MBC analysis demonstrated that in 0.9%saline solution,AgNP-SZ had higher antibacterial activity than Ag-Sz.The in vitro cell viability and migration assays were further examined towards human skin fibroblast cells HSF 1184.Results show that the materials are not cytotoxicto HSF1184,and the biosynthesized AgNP-SZ promotes cell migration and proliferation higher than Ag-SZ.This research proved that the biocompatible antibacterial wound healing agent of AgNP-SZ can be synthesized using an in situ approach where the reduction process of Ag ions in the zeolite Acan be performed using plant extract.展开更多
基金the Department of Science and Technology(DST),Govt.of India New Delhi,IndiaTamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology(TNSCST), Chennai,Tamil Nadu for providing financial support for the present work
文摘Objective:To determine the mosquito larvicidal activities of hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol leaf extract of Orthosiphon thymiflorus（O.thymiflorus） against Anopheles stephensi（An.stephensi）,Culex quinquefasciatus（Cx.quinquefasciatus） and Aedes aegypti （Ae.aegypti）.Methods:The larvicidal activity was assayed against three mosquito species at various concentrations ranging from（50-450 ppm） under the laboratory conditions.The LC<sub>50</sub> and LC<sub>90</sub>value of the O.thymiflorus leaf extract was determined by Probit analysis.Results:The LC<sub>50</sub> values of hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate,acetone and methanol extract of O.thymiflorus third instar larvae of An.stephensi were LC<sub>50</sub>= 201.39,178.76,158.06,139.22 and 118.74 ppm; Cx.quinquefasciatus were LC<sub>50</sub>=228.13,209.72.183.35,163.55 and 149.96 ppm and Ae.aegypti were LC<sub>50</sub>=215.65,197.91,175.05,154.80 and 137.26 ppm,respectively.Maximum larvicidal activity was observed in the methanolic extract followed by acetone,ethyl acetate chloroform and hexane extract.The larval mortality was observed after 24 h exposure.No mortality was observed in control.Conclusions:The present results suggest that the effective plant crude extracts have potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of mosquito vectors.This study provides the first report on the larvicidal activity of this plant crude solvent extract of against An.stephensi,Cx.quinquefasciatus and Ae.aegypti mosquitoes.
文摘Orthosiphonstamineus commonly known as kumis kucing has been used traditionally for rheumatoid,gout,renal calculus,hypertension,diabetes,etc.[1].It is often used in combination with synthetic hypertensive drugs like irbesartan.However,both effectiveness combination herbal medicine with modern pharmaceuticals,and the possible adverse effects from herb–drug interactions remain to be verified.
基金Supported by the NKEA Research Grant Scheme (NRGS) by the Ministry of Agriculture MalaysiaNo. 304/CIPPM/650736/k123
文摘BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is the most aggressive cancer type.Gemcitabine is the first line chemo-drug used for pancreatic cancer but exerts a broad spectrum of organ toxicities and adverse effects in patients.AIM To evaluate the anti-tumour activity and toxicological effects of Orthosiphon stamineus extract formulation(ID:C5EOSEW5050ESA trademarked as Nuvastatic^(TM)),and gemcitabine combination on pancreatic xenograft model.METHODS Mice were randomly divided into six groups of 6 mice each(n=6)and given different treatments for 28 d.The study design consisted of a 2 x 3 factorial treatment structure,with gemcitabine(yes/no)by oral(at 1200 and 400 mg/kg per day).Human pancreatic cancer cells were injected subcutaneously into the flanks of athymic nude mice.C5EOSEW5050ESA(200 or 400 mg/kg per day)was administered orally,while gemcitabine(10 mg/kg per 3 d)was given intraperitoneally either alone or in combination treatment.Histopathological analyses of vital organs,tumour tissues,and incidence of lethality were analysed.Analyses of tumour necrosis and proliferation were determined by haematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry for Ki-67,respectively.RESULTS No signs of toxicity or damage to vital organs were observed in all treatment groups compared to the untreated group.C5EOSEW5050ESA at 200 mg/kg and gemcitabine combination had no additive antitumor effects compared to a single treatment.Remarkably,a comparably greater response in a reduction in tumour growth,Ki-67 protein expression,and necrosis was demonstrated by 400 mg/kg of C5EOSEW5050ESA and gemcitabine combination than that of the individual agents.CONCLUSION These results highlighted the synergistic activity of C5EOSEW5050ESA with gemcitabine to reduce pancreatic tumour growth in mice compared to a single treatment.Thus,this study provides valuable insights into using C5EOSEW5050ESA as a complementary treatment with gemcitabine for pancreatic cancer.
文摘A new abietane diterpenoid, orthosiphonol (11-methoxy-12, 14-dihydroxy-8, 11, 13-abieta trien-7-one) (1) together with known 11-hydroxysugiol (2) were isolated from Orthosiphon wulfenioides. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic evidence.
基金support from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia(Vot number 06G71 and 06G72).
文摘The capability of synthesized zeolite A(SZ)to immobilize Ag ions(Ag-SZ)and Ag nanoparticles(AgNp-SZ)were comparatively studied.A novel approach of in situ biosynthesized AgNP-incorporated synthesized zeolite A(AgNp-SZ)was synthesized at an optimum volume of 0.4mL of the Orthosiphon aristatus(O.aristatus)leaves plant extract(5%)using an in situ approach.In comparison,Ag-Sz was produced by loading the synthesized zeolite with Ag ions.All synthesized materials were characterized for their morphologies and physicochemicalproperties.The characterization analysesvalidate thathe biosynthesized AgNP(<100 nm)using O.aristatus leaves extract was incorporated into the zeolite A.The antibacterial testing confirmed that these materials have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coliATCC11229 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538.MIC/MBC analysis demonstrated that in 0.9%saline solution,AgNP-SZ had higher antibacterial activity than Ag-Sz.The in vitro cell viability and migration assays were further examined towards human skin fibroblast cells HSF 1184.Results show that the materials are not cytotoxicto HSF1184,and the biosynthesized AgNP-SZ promotes cell migration and proliferation higher than Ag-SZ.This research proved that the biocompatible antibacterial wound healing agent of AgNP-SZ can be synthesized using an in situ approach where the reduction process of Ag ions in the zeolite Acan be performed using plant extract.
