Hepatic lipid homeostasis is not only essential for maintain-ing normal cellular and systemic metabolic function but is also closely related to the steatosis of the liver.The contro-versy over the nomenclature of non-...Hepatic lipid homeostasis is not only essential for maintain-ing normal cellular and systemic metabolic function but is also closely related to the steatosis of the liver.The contro-versy over the nomenclature of non-alcoholic fatty liver dis-ease(NAFLD)in the past three years has once again sparked in-depth discussions on the pathogenesis of this disease and its impact on systemic metabolism.Pituitary-targeted gland axes(PTGA),an important hormone-regulating system,are indispensable in lipid homeostasis.This review focuses on the roles of thyroid hormones,adrenal hormones,sex hor-mones,and their receptors in hepatic lipid homeostasis,and summarizes recent research on pituitary target gland axes-related drugs regulating hepatic lipid metabolism.It also calls on researchers and clinicians to recognize the concept of endocrine-associated fatty liver disease(EAFLD)and to re-examine human lipid metabolism from the macroscopic perspective of homeostatic balance.展开更多
This paper investigated the effect of the pressures,reaction atmospheres and coal ash species on the ash fusibility with high-pressure thermogravimetric analysis(PTGA)apparatus and X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis.Each ...This paper investigated the effect of the pressures,reaction atmospheres and coal ash species on the ash fusibility with high-pressure thermogravimetric analysis(PTGA)apparatus and X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis.Each specimen analyzed by XRD was observed for the mineral conversion and formation of new minerals with the pressures under different atmospheres.These results indicate that the pressure restrains the transformation and decomposition of minerals.Many low-temperature minerals are still present under the elevated pressure.The different reaction atmospheres have different effects on the formation of coal ash minerals.Under the N_(2)atmosphere,the present microcline may decrease the melting temperature of coal ash.And later,it transforms into sanidine at high pressure;thus,the melting temperature of coal ash may increase.Under the CO_(2)atmosphere,the minerals such as microcline,lomonitite,geothite and illite are still present with the increase in pressure;this may reduce the melting temperature.While under the H_(2)O atmosphere,there are magnetite and anorthoclase,which may produce the low-temperature eutectics decreasing the melting temperature.The coal ash abundance in basic oxides or higher SiO_(2),Fe_(2)O_(3),K_(2)O and Na_(2)O has lower melting temperature.While the ash sample with more SiO_(2)and Al_(2)O_(3)and less Fe_(2)O_(3)and basic oxides may lead to higher melting temperature.展开更多
基金supported in part by a grant from the Jilin Province Health Talent Special Project(2022scz01,2020scz59)the Jilin Provincial Department of Science and Technology Project(20230508073RC).
文摘Hepatic lipid homeostasis is not only essential for maintain-ing normal cellular and systemic metabolic function but is also closely related to the steatosis of the liver.The contro-versy over the nomenclature of non-alcoholic fatty liver dis-ease(NAFLD)in the past three years has once again sparked in-depth discussions on the pathogenesis of this disease and its impact on systemic metabolism.Pituitary-targeted gland axes(PTGA),an important hormone-regulating system,are indispensable in lipid homeostasis.This review focuses on the roles of thyroid hormones,adrenal hormones,sex hor-mones,and their receptors in hepatic lipid homeostasis,and summarizes recent research on pituitary target gland axes-related drugs regulating hepatic lipid metabolism.It also calls on researchers and clinicians to recognize the concept of endocrine-associated fatty liver disease(EAFLD)and to re-examine human lipid metabolism from the macroscopic perspective of homeostatic balance.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2005CB221201)。
文摘This paper investigated the effect of the pressures,reaction atmospheres and coal ash species on the ash fusibility with high-pressure thermogravimetric analysis(PTGA)apparatus and X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis.Each specimen analyzed by XRD was observed for the mineral conversion and formation of new minerals with the pressures under different atmospheres.These results indicate that the pressure restrains the transformation and decomposition of minerals.Many low-temperature minerals are still present under the elevated pressure.The different reaction atmospheres have different effects on the formation of coal ash minerals.Under the N_(2)atmosphere,the present microcline may decrease the melting temperature of coal ash.And later,it transforms into sanidine at high pressure;thus,the melting temperature of coal ash may increase.Under the CO_(2)atmosphere,the minerals such as microcline,lomonitite,geothite and illite are still present with the increase in pressure;this may reduce the melting temperature.While under the H_(2)O atmosphere,there are magnetite and anorthoclase,which may produce the low-temperature eutectics decreasing the melting temperature.The coal ash abundance in basic oxides or higher SiO_(2),Fe_(2)O_(3),K_(2)O and Na_(2)O has lower melting temperature.While the ash sample with more SiO_(2)and Al_(2)O_(3)and less Fe_(2)O_(3)and basic oxides may lead to higher melting temperature.
