This study aimed to identify the reasons for transferring athletes to local medical facilities during the Olympic and Paralympic Games.Data on 567 injuries and other illnesses of athletes treated at the on-site clinic...This study aimed to identify the reasons for transferring athletes to local medical facilities during the Olympic and Paralympic Games.Data on 567 injuries and other illnesses of athletes treated at the on-site clinics were collected from the Tokyo 2020 Organizing Committee.Of these,84 athletes who required outpatient care during the Games were registered for this survey.During the Olympic and Paralympic Games,66(8.3/1000)and 18(7.2/1000)athletes,respectively,consulted external medical facilities.In the Olympic Games,the reasons for these visits included 48 cases(72.7%)of injuries,13(19.7%)cases of illnesses,and 5(7.6%)cases of heat stroke illness(HSI).Of these patients,56(84.9%)were treated as outpatients and 10(15.1%)were hospitalized,while three of these patients required hospitalization for>7 days.On the other hand,in the Paralympics Games,there were 7(38.8%)cases of injuries,9(50.0%)other illnesses,1(5.6%)case of HSI,and 1(5.6%)other cases,of which 11(61.1%)were treated as outpatients and 7(38.9%)were hospitalized,but none was hospitalized for>7 days.Injuries accounted for 70%of the total cases at the 2021 Olympic Games,but only three(0.05%)were severe cases that required hospitalization for more than 1 week.In contrast,in the Paralympic Games,other illnesses accounted for approximately half of the total cases.This study provides details on the extent of injuries and other illnesses that were transferred to outside facilities,which has not been documented in previous games.展开更多
It is generally expected that the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games will bring health and social benefits to their host city and to Brazil. This assumption comes from “common sense”, as a logical conc...It is generally expected that the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games will bring health and social benefits to their host city and to Brazil. This assumption comes from “common sense”, as a logical conclusion arising from the fact that host cities “inspire” and stimulate lifestyle changes. Benefits are also expected on tourism, self-image, architecture and the economy of the country as a whole. But are these expectations real and evidence-based? What parts of these “facts” are concrete and which ones are not? This paper suggests available ways of quantifying positive effects of hosting an Olympic Game, and puts the focus of this approach on the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic Games and their true legacy, seeking scientific certainties.展开更多
目的:对参加2022年北京冬残奥会的运动员进行心电图检查,以评估运动员的心脏状况,规避运动风险,保障运动员训练和比赛的顺利进行。方法:对参加北京冬残奥会各项目的189名运动员进行安静心电图检查,排除重复和成像不清晰的心电图,共将16...目的:对参加2022年北京冬残奥会的运动员进行心电图检查,以评估运动员的心脏状况,规避运动风险,保障运动员训练和比赛的顺利进行。方法:对参加北京冬残奥会各项目的189名运动员进行安静心电图检查,排除重复和成像不清晰的心电图,共将167份心电图纳入分析。涉及6个项目,包括冰橇冰球、单板滑雪、越野滑雪、高山滑雪、轮椅冰壶、越野滑雪兼冬季两项。由专业人员通过GE MAX 5500心电图机采集运动员安静呼吸时仰卧位标准12导联心电图,纸速为25 mm/s。结果:该研究中共有32名运动员出现心电图异常,其中高山滑雪组(7人,14.6%)与轮椅冰壶组(10人,55.6%)差异明显(P<0.05),轮椅冰壶项目(10人,55.6%)与单板滑雪(4人,11.4%)有明显差异(P<0.05)。高山滑雪组(26人,54.2%)与轮椅冰壶组(2人,11.1%)大致正常的心电图结果也存在明显差异(P<0.05)。其余各组大致正常的心电图比例结果有差异,但无统计学意义。结论:冬季项目残疾运动员的心电图检查是必要的,能够为训练监控提供医学资料,以规避运动风险。心电图异常运动员应定期复查安静心电图,以保障运动员训练与比赛的顺利进行。展开更多
目的分析近8年夏季和冬季残奥会期间残奥运动员的运动损伤情况、造成运动损伤的风险因素以及可能的干预方法。方法检索2013年1月至2022年7月PubMed、Web of Science、EBSCO和中国知网有关残奥运动员运动损伤的文献,并进行Scoping综述。...目的分析近8年夏季和冬季残奥会期间残奥运动员的运动损伤情况、造成运动损伤的风险因素以及可能的干预方法。方法检索2013年1月至2022年7月PubMed、Web of Science、EBSCO和中国知网有关残奥运动员运动损伤的文献,并进行Scoping综述。结果最终纳入8篇英文文献,来自中国、瑞典、南非、波兰和美国5个国家,涉及4769例运动员,研究类型涉及访谈研究(1篇)、调查研究(5篇)、回顾性研究(1篇)和前瞻性队列研究(1篇);主要来源于运动医学、适应性体育和体育运动科学等领域期刊,发表时间主要集中在2016年至2022年。残奥运动员的残疾类型主要涉及肢体残疾(上下肢截肢、脑瘫、脊髓损伤、脊髓灰质炎、发育不良和神经肌肉萎缩症、中枢神经系统损伤、脊髓脊膜膨出等)、智力残疾和视力残疾。残奥运动员的运动损伤率较高,且多数发生在比赛期间。运动损伤类型主要包括急性损伤、慢性过度使用损伤和慢性转急性损伤3种。运动损伤部位主要涉及头颈部、上肢(肩部、上臂/前臂、肘部、手腕、手指)、躯干(腹部、背部、腰部)、下肢(髋关节/腹股沟、大腿、膝盖、小腿、脚踝、脚趾)。造成残奥运动员运动损伤的风险因素主要有既往损伤史、疾病、疲劳和体力下降、痉挛和肌肉无力;粗心或分心、过度焦虑或兴奋的情绪状态;运动训练方法不当、缺乏运动训练与损伤预防相关的知识、运动技能缺陷;天气、比赛场地、运动设施、器材与辅助器具使用以及年龄因素等。残奥运动员损伤可通过以下方式提供干预服务:为残奥运动员提供康复治疗服务、优化训练设计,为教练员和运动员开展有关各类损伤知识的集体培训、进行残疾运动员运动损伤相关研究,制定预防方案与策略、提高残奥运动员的身体素质与提升运动技能、改善损伤的应急救治技术以及加强运动医学与康复治疗之间的协调和治理结构等。结论残奥运动员运动损伤率较高。损伤类型以慢性过度使用损伤最为常见,损伤部位多为头颈部和上肢。造成残奥运动员运动损伤的风险因素主要涉及身体功能、心理、活动和参与、环境和其他因素。主要干预策略包括:提供应急治疗干预及监护服务,提供运动医学治疗和康复治疗,提供预防训练和比赛损伤的指导和专业化支持,提供预防运动损伤的健康教育。展开更多
文摘This study aimed to identify the reasons for transferring athletes to local medical facilities during the Olympic and Paralympic Games.Data on 567 injuries and other illnesses of athletes treated at the on-site clinics were collected from the Tokyo 2020 Organizing Committee.Of these,84 athletes who required outpatient care during the Games were registered for this survey.During the Olympic and Paralympic Games,66(8.3/1000)and 18(7.2/1000)athletes,respectively,consulted external medical facilities.In the Olympic Games,the reasons for these visits included 48 cases(72.7%)of injuries,13(19.7%)cases of illnesses,and 5(7.6%)cases of heat stroke illness(HSI).Of these patients,56(84.9%)were treated as outpatients and 10(15.1%)were hospitalized,while three of these patients required hospitalization for>7 days.On the other hand,in the Paralympics Games,there were 7(38.8%)cases of injuries,9(50.0%)other illnesses,1(5.6%)case of HSI,and 1(5.6%)other cases,of which 11(61.1%)were treated as outpatients and 7(38.9%)were hospitalized,but none was hospitalized for>7 days.Injuries accounted for 70%of the total cases at the 2021 Olympic Games,but only three(0.05%)were severe cases that required hospitalization for more than 1 week.In contrast,in the Paralympic Games,other illnesses accounted for approximately half of the total cases.This study provides details on the extent of injuries and other illnesses that were transferred to outside facilities,which has not been documented in previous games.
文摘It is generally expected that the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games will bring health and social benefits to their host city and to Brazil. This assumption comes from “common sense”, as a logical conclusion arising from the fact that host cities “inspire” and stimulate lifestyle changes. Benefits are also expected on tourism, self-image, architecture and the economy of the country as a whole. But are these expectations real and evidence-based? What parts of these “facts” are concrete and which ones are not? This paper suggests available ways of quantifying positive effects of hosting an Olympic Game, and puts the focus of this approach on the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic Games and their true legacy, seeking scientific certainties.
文摘目的:对参加2022年北京冬残奥会的运动员进行心电图检查,以评估运动员的心脏状况,规避运动风险,保障运动员训练和比赛的顺利进行。方法:对参加北京冬残奥会各项目的189名运动员进行安静心电图检查,排除重复和成像不清晰的心电图,共将167份心电图纳入分析。涉及6个项目,包括冰橇冰球、单板滑雪、越野滑雪、高山滑雪、轮椅冰壶、越野滑雪兼冬季两项。由专业人员通过GE MAX 5500心电图机采集运动员安静呼吸时仰卧位标准12导联心电图,纸速为25 mm/s。结果:该研究中共有32名运动员出现心电图异常,其中高山滑雪组(7人,14.6%)与轮椅冰壶组(10人,55.6%)差异明显(P<0.05),轮椅冰壶项目(10人,55.6%)与单板滑雪(4人,11.4%)有明显差异(P<0.05)。高山滑雪组(26人,54.2%)与轮椅冰壶组(2人,11.1%)大致正常的心电图结果也存在明显差异(P<0.05)。其余各组大致正常的心电图比例结果有差异,但无统计学意义。结论:冬季项目残疾运动员的心电图检查是必要的,能够为训练监控提供医学资料,以规避运动风险。心电图异常运动员应定期复查安静心电图,以保障运动员训练与比赛的顺利进行。
文摘目的分析近8年夏季和冬季残奥会期间残奥运动员的运动损伤情况、造成运动损伤的风险因素以及可能的干预方法。方法检索2013年1月至2022年7月PubMed、Web of Science、EBSCO和中国知网有关残奥运动员运动损伤的文献,并进行Scoping综述。结果最终纳入8篇英文文献,来自中国、瑞典、南非、波兰和美国5个国家,涉及4769例运动员,研究类型涉及访谈研究(1篇)、调查研究(5篇)、回顾性研究(1篇)和前瞻性队列研究(1篇);主要来源于运动医学、适应性体育和体育运动科学等领域期刊,发表时间主要集中在2016年至2022年。残奥运动员的残疾类型主要涉及肢体残疾(上下肢截肢、脑瘫、脊髓损伤、脊髓灰质炎、发育不良和神经肌肉萎缩症、中枢神经系统损伤、脊髓脊膜膨出等)、智力残疾和视力残疾。残奥运动员的运动损伤率较高,且多数发生在比赛期间。运动损伤类型主要包括急性损伤、慢性过度使用损伤和慢性转急性损伤3种。运动损伤部位主要涉及头颈部、上肢(肩部、上臂/前臂、肘部、手腕、手指)、躯干(腹部、背部、腰部)、下肢(髋关节/腹股沟、大腿、膝盖、小腿、脚踝、脚趾)。造成残奥运动员运动损伤的风险因素主要有既往损伤史、疾病、疲劳和体力下降、痉挛和肌肉无力;粗心或分心、过度焦虑或兴奋的情绪状态;运动训练方法不当、缺乏运动训练与损伤预防相关的知识、运动技能缺陷;天气、比赛场地、运动设施、器材与辅助器具使用以及年龄因素等。残奥运动员损伤可通过以下方式提供干预服务:为残奥运动员提供康复治疗服务、优化训练设计,为教练员和运动员开展有关各类损伤知识的集体培训、进行残疾运动员运动损伤相关研究,制定预防方案与策略、提高残奥运动员的身体素质与提升运动技能、改善损伤的应急救治技术以及加强运动医学与康复治疗之间的协调和治理结构等。结论残奥运动员运动损伤率较高。损伤类型以慢性过度使用损伤最为常见,损伤部位多为头颈部和上肢。造成残奥运动员运动损伤的风险因素主要涉及身体功能、心理、活动和参与、环境和其他因素。主要干预策略包括:提供应急治疗干预及监护服务,提供运动医学治疗和康复治疗,提供预防训练和比赛损伤的指导和专业化支持,提供预防运动损伤的健康教育。
