Proton therapy is the most advanced radiotherapy approach in the world,and causes less damage to normal human tissue than traditional radiotherapy.Because the treatment process produces a high-energy proton beam,the p...Proton therapy is the most advanced radiotherapy approach in the world,and causes less damage to normal human tissue than traditional radiotherapy.Because the treatment process produces a high-energy proton beam,the personnel safety interlock system mainly considers measures to protect personnel from radiation hazards during beam preparation and the beam release process.Unlike other safety interlock systems,the personnel safety interlock system designed in this study focuses on the safety and stability of the system itself.The hardware and software of important interlock control loops are designed and developed according to the requirements of Safety Integrity Level 3 specified by IEC61508.A set of redundant ring networks was developed to ensure that damage to a certain network line does not affect the normal operation of the system.A set of friendly operation interfaces and data storage systems were developed to ensure that the operator can monitor the data in real time and trace the data.The personnel safety interlock system mainly includes a beam enabling function,clearance function,and emergency stop function.The system was put into actual use and successfully ensured personnel safety.展开更多
The main goal of the fire management strategy is to avoid people interaction with fire hazards,therefore several studies are carried out for optimal escape route planning as well as smoke management and mechanical ven...The main goal of the fire management strategy is to avoid people interaction with fire hazards,therefore several studies are carried out for optimal escape route planning as well as smoke management and mechanical ventilation design.Underground spaces are a special case of study due to their technical characteristics that create different fire spread conditions compared to conventional buildings.In this paper,a comparative study on the fire smoke propagation is carried out taking into account the use and performance of smoke mitiga-tion techniques.The Underground Hazardous Waste Management Repository of Lavrion Technological and Cultural Park in Greece,is selected as a case study to achieve the paper objectives.A Computer Fluid Dynamic software is used to simulate various fire scenarios based on the specific characteristics of the underground space.Parameters that have significant impact on evacuation procedure and human health such as visibility and carbon monoxide concentration are monitored.Finally,the results are presented and an evaluation method is proposed based on evacuation simulation results,in order to predict the impact of the smoke control design on the conditions inside the underground space.The results reveal that the ventilation shaft(passive system)offers an effective smoke control without any other combined control system and that the installation of smoke curtains,which are activated on time,offers significant improvement on smoke spread control extending the available egress time(ASET)in case of fire.展开更多
文摘Proton therapy is the most advanced radiotherapy approach in the world,and causes less damage to normal human tissue than traditional radiotherapy.Because the treatment process produces a high-energy proton beam,the personnel safety interlock system mainly considers measures to protect personnel from radiation hazards during beam preparation and the beam release process.Unlike other safety interlock systems,the personnel safety interlock system designed in this study focuses on the safety and stability of the system itself.The hardware and software of important interlock control loops are designed and developed according to the requirements of Safety Integrity Level 3 specified by IEC61508.A set of redundant ring networks was developed to ensure that damage to a certain network line does not affect the normal operation of the system.A set of friendly operation interfaces and data storage systems were developed to ensure that the operator can monitor the data in real time and trace the data.The personnel safety interlock system mainly includes a beam enabling function,clearance function,and emergency stop function.The system was put into actual use and successfully ensured personnel safety.
文摘The main goal of the fire management strategy is to avoid people interaction with fire hazards,therefore several studies are carried out for optimal escape route planning as well as smoke management and mechanical ventilation design.Underground spaces are a special case of study due to their technical characteristics that create different fire spread conditions compared to conventional buildings.In this paper,a comparative study on the fire smoke propagation is carried out taking into account the use and performance of smoke mitiga-tion techniques.The Underground Hazardous Waste Management Repository of Lavrion Technological and Cultural Park in Greece,is selected as a case study to achieve the paper objectives.A Computer Fluid Dynamic software is used to simulate various fire scenarios based on the specific characteristics of the underground space.Parameters that have significant impact on evacuation procedure and human health such as visibility and carbon monoxide concentration are monitored.Finally,the results are presented and an evaluation method is proposed based on evacuation simulation results,in order to predict the impact of the smoke control design on the conditions inside the underground space.The results reveal that the ventilation shaft(passive system)offers an effective smoke control without any other combined control system and that the installation of smoke curtains,which are activated on time,offers significant improvement on smoke spread control extending the available egress time(ASET)in case of fire.
