Pesticides have been an essential part of agriculture to protect crops and livestock from pest infestations and yield reduction for many decades. Despite their usefulness, pesticides could pose potential risks to food...Pesticides have been an essential part of agriculture to protect crops and livestock from pest infestations and yield reduction for many decades. Despite their usefulness, pesticides could pose potential risks to food safety and the environment as well as human health. This paper reviews the positive benefits of agricultural pesticide use as well as some potential negative impacts on the environment and food safety. In addition, using the case of California, we discuss the need for both residue monitoring and effective pest management to promote food safety. Twenty years＇ pesticide residue data from California＇s pesticide residue monitoring program were analyzed. Results showed that more than 95% of food samples were in compliance with US pesticide residue standards （tolerances）. However, certain commodities from certain sources had high percentages of residues above tolerance levels. Even when residues above tolerance levels were detected, most were at levels well below 1 mg kg^-1, and most posed negligible acute health risk. However, a few detected residues had the potential to cause health effects. Therefore, establishing an effective food residue monitoring program is important to ensure food quality throughout the marketplace.展开更多
Allowable levels for pesticide residues in foods, known as tolerances in the US and as maximum residue limits （MRLs） in much of the world, are widely yet inappropriately perceived as levels of safety concern. A nove...Allowable levels for pesticide residues in foods, known as tolerances in the US and as maximum residue limits （MRLs） in much of the world, are widely yet inappropriately perceived as levels of safety concern. A novel approach to develop scientifically defensible levels of safety concern is presented and an example to determine acute and chronic pesticide food safety standard （PFSS） levels for the fungicide captan on strawberries is provided. Using this approach, the chronic PFSS level for captan on strawberries was determined to be 2 000 mg kg-1 and the acute PFSS level was determined to be 250 mg kg-1. Both levels are far above the existing tolerance and MRLs that commonly range from 3 to 20 mg kg-~, and provide evidence that captan residues detected at levels greater than the tolerance or MRLs are not of acute or chronic health concern even though they represent violative residues. The benefits of developing the PFSS approach to serve as a companion to existing tolerances/MRLs include a greater understanding concerning the health significance, if any, from exposure to violative pesticide residues. In addition, the PFSS approach can be universally applied to all potential pesticide residues on all food commodities, can be modified by specific jurisdictions to take into account differences in food consumption practices, and can help prioritize food residue monitoring by identifying the pesticide/commodity combinations of the greatest potential food safety concern and guiding development of field level analytical methods to detect pesticide residues on prioritized pesticide/commodity combinations.展开更多
Aiming at the safety problems of botanical pesticides currently ignored, the paper analyzes the unsafe factors existing in botanical pesticides from the three aspects of active ingredients, inactive ingredients and un...Aiming at the safety problems of botanical pesticides currently ignored, the paper analyzes the unsafe factors existing in botanical pesticides from the three aspects of active ingredients, inactive ingredients and unregistered active ingredients, in order to provide a scientific reference for the safe use and effective su- pervision of botanical pesticides.展开更多
Pesticide safety is an important guarantee for food security.At present,there are many problems in the process of choosing pesticides by farmers,such as low discernment ability and difficulty in retroactive blame,slow...Pesticide safety is an important guarantee for food security.At present,there are many problems in the process of choosing pesticides by farmers,such as low discernment ability and difficulty in retroactive blame,slow replacement of medical equipment,slow promotion of technology assistance,lack of professional knowledge,difficult to grasp the key points of application,improper use of pesticides,large resistance to reducing quantity and increasing efficiency,etc.In order to use pesticides rationally and realize safe production,countermeasures and suggestions on pesticide application are put forward from the aspects of drug development and application,promotion of biopesticides,change of farmers concept and cultivation of new farmers.展开更多
In recent years,the problem of pesticide residues in Chinese chives has attracted widespread attention from society.This paper comprehensively analyzed the production and planting situation,quality and safety status a...In recent years,the problem of pesticide residues in Chinese chives has attracted widespread attention from society.This paper comprehensively analyzed the production and planting situation,quality and safety status and changes in pesticide standards of Chinese chives,and deeply discussed the main quality and safety problems of Chinese chives and their causes.On this basis,it was proposed to improve the quality and safety level of Chinese chives from three aspects:improving limit standards,promoting green production prevention and control techniques,and strengthening supervision on input products.展开更多
基金the Sino-US Joint Research Center for Food Safety for special fund (A200021501)Start-up Funds (Z111021403) for Talents in Northwest A&F University, China
文摘Pesticides have been an essential part of agriculture to protect crops and livestock from pest infestations and yield reduction for many decades. Despite their usefulness, pesticides could pose potential risks to food safety and the environment as well as human health. This paper reviews the positive benefits of agricultural pesticide use as well as some potential negative impacts on the environment and food safety. In addition, using the case of California, we discuss the need for both residue monitoring and effective pest management to promote food safety. Twenty years＇ pesticide residue data from California＇s pesticide residue monitoring program were analyzed. Results showed that more than 95% of food samples were in compliance with US pesticide residue standards （tolerances）. However, certain commodities from certain sources had high percentages of residues above tolerance levels. Even when residues above tolerance levels were detected, most were at levels well below 1 mg kg^-1, and most posed negligible acute health risk. However, a few detected residues had the potential to cause health effects. Therefore, establishing an effective food residue monitoring program is important to ensure food quality throughout the marketplace.
基金the Chilean Government and the National Commission for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICYT) for supporting this work through the Becas Chile Scholarships
文摘Allowable levels for pesticide residues in foods, known as tolerances in the US and as maximum residue limits （MRLs） in much of the world, are widely yet inappropriately perceived as levels of safety concern. A novel approach to develop scientifically defensible levels of safety concern is presented and an example to determine acute and chronic pesticide food safety standard （PFSS） levels for the fungicide captan on strawberries is provided. Using this approach, the chronic PFSS level for captan on strawberries was determined to be 2 000 mg kg-1 and the acute PFSS level was determined to be 250 mg kg-1. Both levels are far above the existing tolerance and MRLs that commonly range from 3 to 20 mg kg-~, and provide evidence that captan residues detected at levels greater than the tolerance or MRLs are not of acute or chronic health concern even though they represent violative residues. The benefits of developing the PFSS approach to serve as a companion to existing tolerances/MRLs include a greater understanding concerning the health significance, if any, from exposure to violative pesticide residues. In addition, the PFSS approach can be universally applied to all potential pesticide residues on all food commodities, can be modified by specific jurisdictions to take into account differences in food consumption practices, and can help prioritize food residue monitoring by identifying the pesticide/commodity combinations of the greatest potential food safety concern and guiding development of field level analytical methods to detect pesticide residues on prioritized pesticide/commodity combinations.
基金Supported by National Innovation Project(2009IM032500)Science and Technology Supporting Program of Sichuan Province(2009NZ0015)
文摘Aiming at the safety problems of botanical pesticides currently ignored, the paper analyzes the unsafe factors existing in botanical pesticides from the three aspects of active ingredients, inactive ingredients and unregistered active ingredients, in order to provide a scientific reference for the safe use and effective su- pervision of botanical pesticides.
基金Supported by Research Project of Henan Provincial Federation of Social Sciences"Research on the CPC s Adherence to the Spirit of Struggle in the New Era"(SKL-2023-119)Guiding Project for the Research of Humanities and Social Sciences on Integrity Topics of the Henan Provincial Department of Education"Research on the Performance of Improper Winds and Corruption Problems around Teachers and Students and Countermeasures for Rectification"(2023LZZD-24)Special Key Project of Henan University of Science and Technology s Clean Government"The Manifestation and Rectification Measures of Unhealthy Practices and Corruption around Teachers and Students"(2023-HKDLZZD01).
文摘Pesticide safety is an important guarantee for food security.At present,there are many problems in the process of choosing pesticides by farmers,such as low discernment ability and difficulty in retroactive blame,slow replacement of medical equipment,slow promotion of technology assistance,lack of professional knowledge,difficult to grasp the key points of application,improper use of pesticides,large resistance to reducing quantity and increasing efficiency,etc.In order to use pesticides rationally and realize safe production,countermeasures and suggestions on pesticide application are put forward from the aspects of drug development and application,promotion of biopesticides,change of farmers concept and cultivation of new farmers.
基金Supported by The Fourth Batch of High-end Talent Project in Hebei ProvinceHebei Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talents(21130243A)+1 种基金Special Project of the Central Government in Guidance of Local Science and Technology Development(226Z5504G)Tangshan Talent Project(A202202005).
文摘In recent years,the problem of pesticide residues in Chinese chives has attracted widespread attention from society.This paper comprehensively analyzed the production and planting situation,quality and safety status and changes in pesticide standards of Chinese chives,and deeply discussed the main quality and safety problems of Chinese chives and their causes.On this basis,it was proposed to improve the quality and safety level of Chinese chives from three aspects:improving limit standards,promoting green production prevention and control techniques,and strengthening supervision on input products.
