[Objective] This study aimed to explore the heterogeneity of chlorophyll flu- orescence of Phyllostachys edulis cv. Pachyloen leaves. [Method] Using the chloro- phyll fluorescence system and fluorescence imaging syste...[Objective] This study aimed to explore the heterogeneity of chlorophyll flu- orescence of Phyllostachys edulis cv. Pachyloen leaves. [Method] Using the chloro- phyll fluorescence system and fluorescence imaging system in the Mini-IMAGING- PAM, the chlorophyll fluorescence of Phyllostachys edulis cv. Pachyloen leaves were measured and the fluorescence parameters were calculated. [Result] The homo- geneities of the maximal quantum yield of PS II （Fv/Fm） and the leaf absorptivity （Abs） were higher, with CVs （Coefficient of Variation） of 1.58%-1.68% and 1.75%- 2.12% respectively, while the heterogeneities of the actual quantum yield （Y）, non- photochemical quenching （NPQ/4）, photochemical quenching（qP） and relative photo- synthetic rate （PS/50） were higher, with CVs of 9.60%-14.23%, 10.23%-13.02%, 11.92%-13.02% and 11.15%-17.74% respectively. The trends of heterogeneity change in Y, qP and PSI50 were basically the same with transversely higher het- erogeneity at two sides and lower heterogeneity in the middle, namely with larger CVs at the edges of leaves and smaller ones around the midrib. Longitudinally, the coefficients of variation of Y, qP and PS/50 decreased gradually （from top to bot- tom）, which indicated that the heterogeneity declined from the leaf tip to the base. The trends of heterogeneity change in PS/50 and NPQ/4 were opposite. [Conclusion] The fluorescence parameters of Phyllostachys edulis cv. Pachyloen leaves revealed different heterogeneity.展开更多
Understanding the relationship between tree height （H） and diameter at breast height （D） is vital to forest design, monitoring and biomass estimation. We developed an allometric equation model and tested its appli...Understanding the relationship between tree height （H） and diameter at breast height （D） is vital to forest design, monitoring and biomass estimation. We developed an allometric equation model and tested its applicability for unevenly aged stands of moso bamboo forest at a regional scale. Field data were collected for 21 plots. Based on these data, we identified two strong power relationships： a corre- lation between the mean bamboo height （Hm） and the upper mean H （Hu）, and a correlation between the mean D （Din） and the upper mean D （Du）. Simulation results derived from the aUometric equation model were in good agreement with observed culms derived from the field data for the 21 stands, with a root-mean-square error and relative root-mean-square error of 1.40 m and 13.41%, respectively. These results demonstrate that the allometric equation model had a strong predictive power in the unevenly aged stands at a regional scale. In addition, the estimated average height-diameter （H-D） model for South Anhui Province was used to predict H for the same type of bamboo in Hunan Province based on the measured D, and the results were highly similar. The allometric equation model has multiple uses at the regional scale, including the evaluation of the variation in the H- D relationship among regions. The model describes the average H-D relationship without considering the effects caused by variation in site conditions, tree density and other factors.展开更多
The durability of bamboo based on its chemical and mechanical properties is a crucial consideration for the wood-based industry due to its vulnerability to insects and microorganisms.We investigated the dynamic change...The durability of bamboo based on its chemical and mechanical properties is a crucial consideration for the wood-based industry due to its vulnerability to insects and microorganisms.We investigated the dynamic changes of chemical and mechanical properties of Phyllostachys edulis under air-dry and water storage conditions for 3,6 and 12 months respectively.The chemical properties of P.edulis bamboo culms varied with culm age but insignificantly with culm height.The mechanical properties of P.edulis culms showed an increasing trend with culm age.Water storage condition decreased the ash,SiO2 and lignin content,but increased the ethanol-benzene extracts.It also created an anaerobic environment for bamboo culms in which only anaerobic respiration was possible contributing to reducing the content of soluble sugar and starch,thereby beneficial for decreasing the damage from insects and microorganisms.Moreover,the water storage conditions could maintain culm mechanical performance better.Therefore,the indigenous practice of local people to store bamboo culms in ponds has good science behind it and water storage practices of bamboo culms was recommended.展开更多
Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are endogenous non-coding RNAs with covalently closed structures,which have important functions in plants.However,their biogenesis,degradation,and function upon treatment with gibberellins(GAs)a...Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are endogenous non-coding RNAs with covalently closed structures,which have important functions in plants.However,their biogenesis,degradation,and function upon treatment with gibberellins(GAs)and auxins(1-naphthaleneacetic acid,NAA)remain unknown.Here,we systematically identified and characterized the expression patterns,evolutionary conservation,genomic features,and internal structures of circRNAs using RNase R-treated libraries from moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)seedlings.Moreover,we investigated the biogenesis of circRNAs dependent on both cis-and trans-regulation.We explored the function of circRNAs,including their roles in regulating microRNA(miRNA)-related genes and modulating the alternative splicing of their linear counterparts.Importantly,we developed a customized degradome sequencing approach to detect miRNA-mediated cleavage of circRNAs.Finally,we presented a comprehensive view of the participation of circRNAs in the regulation of hormone metabolism upon treatment of bamboo seedlings with GA and NAA.Collectively,our study provides insights into the biogenesis,function,and miRNA-mediated degradation of circRNAs in moso bamboo.展开更多
A fragment with about 798 bp of cab gene was amplified from the first strand of Moso(Phyllostachys edulis)cDNA through RT-PCR method,named as cab-PhE4(cab gene 4 from Ph.edulis).The cab-PhE4(GenBank accession number:E...A fragment with about 798 bp of cab gene was amplified from the first strand of Moso(Phyllostachys edulis)cDNA through RT-PCR method,named as cab-PhE4(cab gene 4 from Ph.edulis).The cab-PhE4(GenBank accession number:EF405878)gene encodes 265 amino acid.The bioinformatics analysis indicated that the protein encoded by cab-PhE4 has a chlorophyll a/b-binding domain(64th-232nd position),a protein kinase C phosphorylation site(33rd-35th position),a N-myristoylation site(169th-174th position),and an involucrin repeat(207th-216th position).The amino acid sequence of cab-PhE4 showed high similarity with the cab genes of Zea mays,Triticum aestivum,Musa acuminata,Panax ginseng and Oryza sativa,more than 90%,respectively.展开更多
The light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein complex plays an important role in photosynthesis of plants. A full-length cDNA of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b （cab） gene was cloned from the first strand of Moso （...The light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein complex plays an important role in photosynthesis of plants. A full-length cDNA of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b （cab） gene was cloned from the first strand of Moso （Phyllostachys edulis） cDNA through RT-PCR and RACE methods, named as cabPhEIO （cab gene 10 from Ph. edulis）. The length of cab- PhEIO （GenBank accession number： EU118754） is 1 151 bp, which contains an open reading frame encoding 283 amino acids from 81st to 932nd position. The bioinformatics analysis indicated that the protein encoded by cab-PhElO had a chlorophll a/b binding domain （83rd -247th position）, two protein kinase C-phosphorylation sites, three Nmyristoylation sites and a yia A/B double helix domain.The amino acid sequence of cab-PhElO showed high similarity with the cab genes of Oryza sativa, Zea mays, Hordeum vulgare, and Vitis vinifera, more than 80%, respectively, which indicated that cab-PhElO gene belongs to lhcb5 gene family.展开更多
Background:It is still not clear whether the effects of N deposition on soil greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions are influenced by plantation management schemes.A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of ...Background:It is still not clear whether the effects of N deposition on soil greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions are influenced by plantation management schemes.A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of conventional management(CM)versus intensive management(IM),in combination with simulated N deposition levels of control(ambient N deposition),30 kg N·ha^(−1)·year^(−1)(N30,ambient+30 kg N·ha^(−1)·year^(−1)),60 kg N·ha^(−1)·year^(−1)(N60,ambient+60 kg N·ha^(−1)·year^(−1)),or 90 kg N·ha^(−1)·year^(−1)(N90,ambient+90 kg N·ha^(−1)·year^(−1))on soil CO_(2),CH_(4),and N_(2)O fluxes.For this,24 plots were set up in a Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)plantation from January 2013 to December 2015.Gas samples were collected monthly from January 2015 to December 2015.Results:Compared with CM,IM significantly increased soil CO_(2) emissions and their temperature sensitivity(Q_(10))but had no significant effects on soil CH_(4) uptake or N_(2)O emissions.In the CM plots,N30 and N60 significantly increased soil CO_(2) emissions,while N60 and N90 significantly increased soil N_(2)O emissions.In the IM plots,N30 and N60 significantly increased soil CO_(2) and N_(2)O emissions,while N60 and N90 significantly decreased soil CH_(4) uptake.Overall,in both CM and IM plots,N30 and N60 significantly increased global warming potentials,whereas N90 did not significantly affect global warming potential.However,N addition significantly decreased the Q_(10) value of soil CO_(2) emissions under IM but not under CM.Soil microbial biomass carbon was significantly and positively correlated with soil CO_(2) and N_(2)O emissions but significantly and negatively correlated with soil CH_(4) uptake.Conclusion:Our results indicate that management scheme effects should be considered when assessing the effect of atmospheric N deposition on GHG emissions in bamboo plantations.展开更多
为了探究不同肥料对毛竹[Phyllostachys edulis(Carr.)H. de Lehaie]林出笋和新竹生长的影响,为毛竹林的精准施肥和科学经营提供理论依据。在江西省宜春市铜鼓县选择生长良好,具有代表性的毛竹纯林,在样地经垦复后,采用随机区组设计,设...为了探究不同肥料对毛竹[Phyllostachys edulis(Carr.)H. de Lehaie]林出笋和新竹生长的影响,为毛竹林的精准施肥和科学经营提供理论依据。在江西省宜春市铜鼓县选择生长良好,具有代表性的毛竹纯林,在样地经垦复后,采用随机区组设计,设置毛竹专用肥(ZYF)、矿渣肥(KZF)和不施肥(CK)处理,每个处理3次重复,共9块20 m×20 m的样地,研究不同肥料处理对毛竹出笋和新竹生长的影响。结果表明:两种肥料均在一定程度上提高了出笋数、退笋数和成竹数。毛竹专用肥处理出笋数和退笋数最高,分别较对照高出19.48%和51.17%,矿渣肥处理较对照处理分别高出16.05%和16.96%;而矿渣肥处理的成竹数最高,其次为毛竹专用肥处理,二者分别比对照高175、108株/hm^2。不同施肥处理间,竹笋地径总体呈毛竹专用肥处理最高,其次分别为矿渣肥和对照处理,而笋高在不同处理间的波动较小。2种肥料处理显著提高了新竹胸径和大径材毛竹的比例,并以毛竹专用肥处理效果更为明显。毛竹专用肥处理新竹枝下高显著高于对照处理,而矿渣肥与对照处理间无显著差异。结果表明毛竹专用肥更有利于作为以生产竹笋、大径材竹为目的的毛竹林培肥措施,矿渣肥对促进毛竹林优质、丰产的短期肥效低于毛竹专用肥,可能与其为缓释肥有关。展开更多
毛竹是中国重要的林产品之一,具有悠久的栽培历史和重要的经济价值。然而毛竹有性繁殖不频繁,开花会导致其大面积死亡。因此,种子发育对毛竹繁育具有重要意义。但当毛竹种子萌发后暴露在不良环境时,种子的生长发育就会停止。MAPK级联反...毛竹是中国重要的林产品之一,具有悠久的栽培历史和重要的经济价值。然而毛竹有性繁殖不频繁,开花会导致其大面积死亡。因此,种子发育对毛竹繁育具有重要意义。但当毛竹种子萌发后暴露在不良环境时,种子的生长发育就会停止。MAPK级联反应是植物响应非生物胁迫的重要信号调控网络,Raf类型的MAP3Ks激酶是种子萌发后发育过程中重要的调控因子。本研究通过生物信息学手段,从毛竹中克隆到一个Raf型MAP3Ks基因PeRaf22。序列分析表明,PeRaf22的CDS长度为1251 bp,编码416个氨基酸,蛋白质分子量为45.98 k D。进化分析和氨基酸序列比对表明,PeRaf22与大麦、野蕉的进化关系最近,并且与水稻、大麦、高粱之间的功能域保守性较高。荧光定量PCR结果表明PeRaf22在毛竹茎秆生长过程中动态表达,并在ABA处理下表达量随时间增加而升高。本研究为进一步探索PeRaf22蛋白激酶在毛竹发育过程中的调控作用提供了科学依据。展开更多
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Basic Research of International Center for Bamboo and Rattan(1632011005)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to explore the heterogeneity of chlorophyll flu- orescence of Phyllostachys edulis cv. Pachyloen leaves. [Method] Using the chloro- phyll fluorescence system and fluorescence imaging system in the Mini-IMAGING- PAM, the chlorophyll fluorescence of Phyllostachys edulis cv. Pachyloen leaves were measured and the fluorescence parameters were calculated. [Result] The homo- geneities of the maximal quantum yield of PS II （Fv/Fm） and the leaf absorptivity （Abs） were higher, with CVs （Coefficient of Variation） of 1.58%-1.68% and 1.75%- 2.12% respectively, while the heterogeneities of the actual quantum yield （Y）, non- photochemical quenching （NPQ/4）, photochemical quenching（qP） and relative photo- synthetic rate （PS/50） were higher, with CVs of 9.60%-14.23%, 10.23%-13.02%, 11.92%-13.02% and 11.15%-17.74% respectively. The trends of heterogeneity change in Y, qP and PSI50 were basically the same with transversely higher het- erogeneity at two sides and lower heterogeneity in the middle, namely with larger CVs at the edges of leaves and smaller ones around the midrib. Longitudinally, the coefficients of variation of Y, qP and PS/50 decreased gradually （from top to bot- tom）, which indicated that the heterogeneity declined from the leaf tip to the base. The trends of heterogeneity change in PS/50 and NPQ/4 were opposite. [Conclusion] The fluorescence parameters of Phyllostachys edulis cv. Pachyloen leaves revealed different heterogeneity.
基金financially supported by the Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan(1632014003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31101148 and 31300177)
文摘Understanding the relationship between tree height （H） and diameter at breast height （D） is vital to forest design, monitoring and biomass estimation. We developed an allometric equation model and tested its applicability for unevenly aged stands of moso bamboo forest at a regional scale. Field data were collected for 21 plots. Based on these data, we identified two strong power relationships： a corre- lation between the mean bamboo height （Hm） and the upper mean H （Hu）, and a correlation between the mean D （Din） and the upper mean D （Du）. Simulation results derived from the aUometric equation model were in good agreement with observed culms derived from the field data for the 21 stands, with a root-mean-square error and relative root-mean-square error of 1.40 m and 13.41%, respectively. These results demonstrate that the allometric equation model had a strong predictive power in the unevenly aged stands at a regional scale. In addition, the estimated average height-diameter （H-D） model for South Anhui Province was used to predict H for the same type of bamboo in Hunan Province based on the measured D, and the results were highly similar. The allometric equation model has multiple uses at the regional scale, including the evaluation of the variation in the H- D relationship among regions. The model describes the average H-D relationship without considering the effects caused by variation in site conditions, tree density and other factors.
基金This work was jointly supported by Yunnan Fundamental Research Project of 2020(202001AT070108)Yunnan Provincial Joint Special Project for Basic Research in Agriculture(No.2017FG001-092)+1 种基金Scientific Research Start-up Fund Project of Southwest Forestry University(No.111817)Yunnan Provincial Department of Education Fund for Scientific Research(No.2020J0413).
文摘The durability of bamboo based on its chemical and mechanical properties is a crucial consideration for the wood-based industry due to its vulnerability to insects and microorganisms.We investigated the dynamic changes of chemical and mechanical properties of Phyllostachys edulis under air-dry and water storage conditions for 3,6 and 12 months respectively.The chemical properties of P.edulis bamboo culms varied with culm age but insignificantly with culm height.The mechanical properties of P.edulis culms showed an increasing trend with culm age.Water storage condition decreased the ash,SiO2 and lignin content,but increased the ethanol-benzene extracts.It also created an anaerobic environment for bamboo culms in which only anaerobic respiration was possible contributing to reducing the content of soluble sugar and starch,thereby beneficial for decreasing the damage from insects and microorganisms.Moreover,the water storage conditions could maintain culm mechanical performance better.Therefore,the indigenous practice of local people to store bamboo culms in ponds has good science behind it and water storage practices of bamboo culms was recommended.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31971734 and 31800566)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2021YFD2200505)+2 种基金the Distinguished Young Scholar Program of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(Grant No.xjq202017)the Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(Grant No.324-1122yb061)the Forestry Peak Discipline Construction Project of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(Grant No.72202200205),China。
文摘Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are endogenous non-coding RNAs with covalently closed structures,which have important functions in plants.However,their biogenesis,degradation,and function upon treatment with gibberellins(GAs)and auxins(1-naphthaleneacetic acid,NAA)remain unknown.Here,we systematically identified and characterized the expression patterns,evolutionary conservation,genomic features,and internal structures of circRNAs using RNase R-treated libraries from moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)seedlings.Moreover,we investigated the biogenesis of circRNAs dependent on both cis-and trans-regulation.We explored the function of circRNAs,including their roles in regulating microRNA(miRNA)-related genes and modulating the alternative splicing of their linear counterparts.Importantly,we developed a customized degradome sequencing approach to detect miRNA-mediated cleavage of circRNAs.Finally,we presented a comprehensive view of the participation of circRNAs in the regulation of hormone metabolism upon treatment of bamboo seedlings with GA and NAA.Collectively,our study provides insights into the biogenesis,function,and miRNA-mediated degradation of circRNAs in moso bamboo.
基金This project is supported by"948"introduction project(2004-4-60,2005-4-38)
文摘A fragment with about 798 bp of cab gene was amplified from the first strand of Moso(Phyllostachys edulis)cDNA through RT-PCR method,named as cab-PhE4(cab gene 4 from Ph.edulis).The cab-PhE4(GenBank accession number:EF405878)gene encodes 265 amino acid.The bioinformatics analysis indicated that the protein encoded by cab-PhE4 has a chlorophyll a/b-binding domain(64th-232nd position),a protein kinase C phosphorylation site(33rd-35th position),a N-myristoylation site(169th-174th position),and an involucrin repeat(207th-216th position).The amino acid sequence of cab-PhE4 showed high similarity with the cab genes of Zea mays,Triticum aestivum,Musa acuminata,Panax ginseng and Oryza sativa,more than 90%,respectively.
基金This project is supported by "948" Introduction Project (2004-4-60, 2005-4-38)
文摘The light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein complex plays an important role in photosynthesis of plants. A full-length cDNA of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b （cab） gene was cloned from the first strand of Moso （Phyllostachys edulis） cDNA through RT-PCR and RACE methods, named as cabPhEIO （cab gene 10 from Ph. edulis）. The length of cab- PhEIO （GenBank accession number： EU118754） is 1 151 bp, which contains an open reading frame encoding 283 amino acids from 81st to 932nd position. The bioinformatics analysis indicated that the protein encoded by cab-PhElO had a chlorophll a/b binding domain （83rd -247th position）, two protein kinase C-phosphorylation sites, three Nmyristoylation sites and a yia A/B double helix domain.The amino acid sequence of cab-PhElO showed high similarity with the cab genes of Oryza sativa, Zea mays, Hordeum vulgare, and Vitis vinifera, more than 80%, respectively, which indicated that cab-PhElO gene belongs to lhcb5 gene family.
基金This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31270517 and 31470529).
文摘Background:It is still not clear whether the effects of N deposition on soil greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions are influenced by plantation management schemes.A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of conventional management(CM)versus intensive management(IM),in combination with simulated N deposition levels of control(ambient N deposition),30 kg N·ha^(−1)·year^(−1)(N30,ambient+30 kg N·ha^(−1)·year^(−1)),60 kg N·ha^(−1)·year^(−1)(N60,ambient+60 kg N·ha^(−1)·year^(−1)),or 90 kg N·ha^(−1)·year^(−1)(N90,ambient+90 kg N·ha^(−1)·year^(−1))on soil CO_(2),CH_(4),and N_(2)O fluxes.For this,24 plots were set up in a Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)plantation from January 2013 to December 2015.Gas samples were collected monthly from January 2015 to December 2015.Results:Compared with CM,IM significantly increased soil CO_(2) emissions and their temperature sensitivity(Q_(10))but had no significant effects on soil CH_(4) uptake or N_(2)O emissions.In the CM plots,N30 and N60 significantly increased soil CO_(2) emissions,while N60 and N90 significantly increased soil N_(2)O emissions.In the IM plots,N30 and N60 significantly increased soil CO_(2) and N_(2)O emissions,while N60 and N90 significantly decreased soil CH_(4) uptake.Overall,in both CM and IM plots,N30 and N60 significantly increased global warming potentials,whereas N90 did not significantly affect global warming potential.However,N addition significantly decreased the Q_(10) value of soil CO_(2) emissions under IM but not under CM.Soil microbial biomass carbon was significantly and positively correlated with soil CO_(2) and N_(2)O emissions but significantly and negatively correlated with soil CH_(4) uptake.Conclusion:Our results indicate that management scheme effects should be considered when assessing the effect of atmospheric N deposition on GHG emissions in bamboo plantations.
文摘毛竹是中国重要的林产品之一,具有悠久的栽培历史和重要的经济价值。然而毛竹有性繁殖不频繁,开花会导致其大面积死亡。因此,种子发育对毛竹繁育具有重要意义。但当毛竹种子萌发后暴露在不良环境时,种子的生长发育就会停止。MAPK级联反应是植物响应非生物胁迫的重要信号调控网络,Raf类型的MAP3Ks激酶是种子萌发后发育过程中重要的调控因子。本研究通过生物信息学手段,从毛竹中克隆到一个Raf型MAP3Ks基因PeRaf22。序列分析表明,PeRaf22的CDS长度为1251 bp,编码416个氨基酸,蛋白质分子量为45.98 k D。进化分析和氨基酸序列比对表明,PeRaf22与大麦、野蕉的进化关系最近,并且与水稻、大麦、高粱之间的功能域保守性较高。荧光定量PCR结果表明PeRaf22在毛竹茎秆生长过程中动态表达,并在ABA处理下表达量随时间增加而升高。本研究为进一步探索PeRaf22蛋白激酶在毛竹发育过程中的调控作用提供了科学依据。
