Green coal or bio-coal is coal produced with rich biodegradable materials, elaborated from agricultural and household residues with a high percentage of carbon. This green charcoal (fuel briquettes) is an alternative ...Green coal or bio-coal is coal produced with rich biodegradable materials, elaborated from agricultural and household residues with a high percentage of carbon. This green charcoal (fuel briquettes) is an alternative to charcoal. Well known for its contribution to greenhouse gas emissions, charcoal is one of the causes of tree felling. The valorization of waste by the manufacture of biofuels could be an alternative to the use of charcoal. The general objective of the present study is the valorization of nine biomasses from Togo as raw materials. Specifically, physico-chemical characteristics such as dehydration, acidity, and conductivity were determined. Information on the structure and composition of the biomass was found. These data on the nature of the biomass were found through the use of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Thermogravimetry (TGA). The promising results inform on the nature of the analyzed samples and allow the selection of the best biomass which would give an important thermal conductivity for the manufacture of the briquettes, but also of the binders to be used according to the physico-chemical characteristics like the pH.展开更多
This study aimed to show that the physicochemical proprieties obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), thermogravimetry(TG), and scanning electronic microscopy(SEM) can be useful tools for evaluating...This study aimed to show that the physicochemical proprieties obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), thermogravimetry(TG), and scanning electronic microscopy(SEM) can be useful tools for evaluating the quality of active pharmaceutical ingredients(APIs) and pharmaceutical products.In addition, a simple, sensitive, and efficient method employing HPLC-DAD was developed for simultaneous determination of lidocaine(LID), ciprofloxacin(CFX) and enrofloxacin(EFX) in raw materials and in veterinary pharmaceutical formulations. Compounds were separated using a Gemini C18(250 mm ?4.6 mm, 5 mm) Phenomenexscolumn, at a temperature of 25 °C, with a mobile phase containing 10 m M of phosphoric acid(p H 3.29): acetonitrile(85.7:14.3, v/v) and a flow rate of 1.5 m L/min. Physicochemical characterization by TG, FTIR, and SEM of raw materials of LID, CFX, and EFX provided information useful for the evaluation, differentiation, and qualification of raw materials. Finally, the HPLC method was proved to be useful for evaluation of raw material and finished products, besides satisfying the need for an analytical method that allows simultaneous determination of EFX, CFX, and LID, which can also be extended to other matrices and applications.展开更多
Wrinkle Floweringquince(Chaenomeles speciose(Sweet)Nakai)seed,as an unexploited forestry residue,contains considerable amount of bioactive carbohydrates with potential functionality,which was not widely concerned.The ...Wrinkle Floweringquince(Chaenomeles speciose(Sweet)Nakai)seed,as an unexploited forestry residue,contains considerable amount of bioactive carbohydrates with potential functionality,which was not widely concerned.The aim of this study is to determine the basic characterizations(molecular weight and functional group),specificcomponents(carbohydrate,protein and uronic acid contents),and functional properties of Chaenomeles speciosa seedgum(CSG).Results indicated that carbohydrate(63.80%),protein(13.69%)and uronic acid(10.30%)contents wereachieved.The CSG(average molecular weight,9.85×106 u)consists rhamnose,arabinose,xylose and glucose in a molarpercentage of 29.77꞉10.54꞉18.55꞉15.84,respectively.The Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)analysis revealed hydroxyl,carboxyl and methyl groups andα-glycosidic linkages are founded in the CSG.The CSG was surface active and its abilityto decrease surface tension was comparable to commercial gums.Moreover,the CSG solutions showed pseudoplasticflow behavior under dynamic shear rate at high concentrations.The GSC also presented good emulsifying and foamingproperties,indicating the potential of the GSC as bioresource stabilizer and thickener in industry.展开更多
Rifapentine crystals with different habits were prepared by recrystallization from selected solvents,such as methanol,ethanol,chloroform,and acetic acid.Scanning electron microscopy,X-ray powder diffractometry,infrare...Rifapentine crystals with different habits were prepared by recrystallization from selected solvents,such as methanol,ethanol,chloroform,and acetic acid.Scanning electron microscopy,X-ray powder diffractometry,infrared spectrometry,and differential scanning calorimetry were used to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of the prepared crystals.The comparative dissolution behaviors of the newly developed crystals and of rifapentine without being treated were also studied.Results show that the newly developed crystals were different from each other with respect to physical properties but were identical chemically.Needle-shaped crystals were obtained from methanol,ethanol,and chloroform solvents,and the block-shaped crystals were obtained from acetic acid solvent.X-ray diffraction spectra and differential scanning calorimetry investigation on those developed crystals clearly indicate that rifapentine has different crystal structure modification.When the crystal was obtained from acetic acid,the change of crystal habit was originated from the crystal structure modification.The dissolution rate of newly developed crystals was found to be higher than that of rifapentine without being treated.However,the modified crystal obtained from acetic acid shows the lower dissolution rate than crystals obtained from other solvents.展开更多
文摘Green coal or bio-coal is coal produced with rich biodegradable materials, elaborated from agricultural and household residues with a high percentage of carbon. This green charcoal (fuel briquettes) is an alternative to charcoal. Well known for its contribution to greenhouse gas emissions, charcoal is one of the causes of tree felling. The valorization of waste by the manufacture of biofuels could be an alternative to the use of charcoal. The general objective of the present study is the valorization of nine biomasses from Togo as raw materials. Specifically, physico-chemical characteristics such as dehydration, acidity, and conductivity were determined. Information on the structure and composition of the biomass was found. These data on the nature of the biomass were found through the use of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Thermogravimetry (TGA). The promising results inform on the nature of the analyzed samples and allow the selection of the best biomass which would give an important thermal conductivity for the manufacture of the briquettes, but also of the binders to be used according to the physico-chemical characteristics like the pH.
基金the Brazilian agencies CNPq(Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico)CAPES(Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior)+3 种基金FAPES(Fundacao de AmparoàPesquisa e Inovacao do Espírito Santo)FAPEMIG(Fundacao de AmparoàPesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais)for financial supporta collaborative research project with members of Rede Mineira de Química(RQ-MG)supported by FAPEMIG(Project:REDE-113/10Project:CEX-RED-0010–14)
文摘This study aimed to show that the physicochemical proprieties obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), thermogravimetry(TG), and scanning electronic microscopy(SEM) can be useful tools for evaluating the quality of active pharmaceutical ingredients(APIs) and pharmaceutical products.In addition, a simple, sensitive, and efficient method employing HPLC-DAD was developed for simultaneous determination of lidocaine(LID), ciprofloxacin(CFX) and enrofloxacin(EFX) in raw materials and in veterinary pharmaceutical formulations. Compounds were separated using a Gemini C18(250 mm ?4.6 mm, 5 mm) Phenomenexscolumn, at a temperature of 25 °C, with a mobile phase containing 10 m M of phosphoric acid(p H 3.29): acetonitrile(85.7:14.3, v/v) and a flow rate of 1.5 m L/min. Physicochemical characterization by TG, FTIR, and SEM of raw materials of LID, CFX, and EFX provided information useful for the evaluation, differentiation, and qualification of raw materials. Finally, the HPLC method was proved to be useful for evaluation of raw material and finished products, besides satisfying the need for an analytical method that allows simultaneous determination of EFX, CFX, and LID, which can also be extended to other matrices and applications.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFD0400902-3).
文摘Wrinkle Floweringquince(Chaenomeles speciose(Sweet)Nakai)seed,as an unexploited forestry residue,contains considerable amount of bioactive carbohydrates with potential functionality,which was not widely concerned.The aim of this study is to determine the basic characterizations(molecular weight and functional group),specificcomponents(carbohydrate,protein and uronic acid contents),and functional properties of Chaenomeles speciosa seedgum(CSG).Results indicated that carbohydrate(63.80%),protein(13.69%)and uronic acid(10.30%)contents wereachieved.The CSG(average molecular weight,9.85×106 u)consists rhamnose,arabinose,xylose and glucose in a molarpercentage of 29.77꞉10.54꞉18.55꞉15.84,respectively.The Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)analysis revealed hydroxyl,carboxyl and methyl groups andα-glycosidic linkages are founded in the CSG.The CSG was surface active and its abilityto decrease surface tension was comparable to commercial gums.Moreover,the CSG solutions showed pseudoplasticflow behavior under dynamic shear rate at high concentrations.The GSC also presented good emulsifying and foamingproperties,indicating the potential of the GSC as bioresource stabilizer and thickener in industry.
文摘Rifapentine crystals with different habits were prepared by recrystallization from selected solvents,such as methanol,ethanol,chloroform,and acetic acid.Scanning electron microscopy,X-ray powder diffractometry,infrared spectrometry,and differential scanning calorimetry were used to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of the prepared crystals.The comparative dissolution behaviors of the newly developed crystals and of rifapentine without being treated were also studied.Results show that the newly developed crystals were different from each other with respect to physical properties but were identical chemically.Needle-shaped crystals were obtained from methanol,ethanol,and chloroform solvents,and the block-shaped crystals were obtained from acetic acid solvent.X-ray diffraction spectra and differential scanning calorimetry investigation on those developed crystals clearly indicate that rifapentine has different crystal structure modification.When the crystal was obtained from acetic acid,the change of crystal habit was originated from the crystal structure modification.The dissolution rate of newly developed crystals was found to be higher than that of rifapentine without being treated.However,the modified crystal obtained from acetic acid shows the lower dissolution rate than crystals obtained from other solvents.
