Solid state bio-processing of wheat straw was carried out through an indigenous fungal strain Pleurotus ostreatus IBL-02 under pre-optimized fermentation conditions. The maximum activity, 692±12 U/mL, of the indu...Solid state bio-processing of wheat straw was carried out through an indigenous fungal strain Pleurotus ostreatus IBL-02 under pre-optimized fermentation conditions. The maximum activity, 692±12 U/mL, of the industrially important manganese peroxidase (MnP) enzyme was recorded after five days of still culture incubation. The crude MnP was 2.1-fold purified with a specific activity of 860 U/mg after purification on a Sephadex-G-100 gel column. On native and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis gels, the purified MnP fraction was a single homogenous band of 45 kDa. An active fraction of MnP was immobilized using hydrophobic sol-gel entrapment comprising tetramethoxysilane (T) and propyltrimethoxysilane (P) at different T:P molar ratios. Characterization revealed that after 24 h incubation at varying pH and temperatures, the MnP fraction immobilized at a T:P ratio of 1:2 in the sol-gel retained 82% and 75% of its original activity at pH4 and 70 ℃, respectively. The optimally active fraction at a 1:2 T:P ratio was tested against MnSO4 as a substrate to determine the kinetic catalytic constants KM and Vmax . To explore the industrial applicability of P. ostreatus IBL-02 MnP, both the free and immobilized MnP were used for the decolorization of four different textile industrial effluents. A maximum of 100% decolorization was achieved for the different textile effluents within the shortest time period. A lower KM , higher Vmax , hyper-activation, and enhanced acidic and thermal resistance up to 70 ℃ were the novel catalytic features of the sol-gel immobilized MnP, suggesting that it may be a potential candidate for biotechnological applications particularly for textile bioremediation purposes.展开更多
High temperature is one of the major abiotic stresses that limit edible mushroom growth and development. The understanding of physiological alterations in response to heat stress and the corresponding mechanisms invol...High temperature is one of the major abiotic stresses that limit edible mushroom growth and development. The understanding of physiological alterations in response to heat stress and the corresponding mechanisms involved is vital for the breeding of heat-resistant edible mushroom strains. Although trehalose functions as a protectant against abiotic stresses in fungi, the putative role of trehalose in thermotolerance remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found heat stress inhibited the growth of two Pleurotus pulmonarius strains, heat-sensitive and less-sensitive, and the inhibition was more significant for the sensitive strain. Heat stress leads to the increase of lipid peroxidation and intracellular trehalose accumulation, with a higher level in the heat-sensitive strain, and this effect is independent of exogenous trehalose application. In addition, a lower concentration of exogenous trehalose application in sensitive strain than in less-sensitive strain was found to alleviate the inhibition of mycelium growth and further increase the intracellular trehalose concentration by heat stress. Thus, the protective effects of trehalose were more remarkable in the sensitive strain. The activities of intracellular trehalose metabolic enzymes, i.e., trehalose-6-phosphate synthase, trehalose phosphorylase and neutral trehalase, were determined, and our data indicated that the changes of these enzymes activities in the sensitive strain were more beneficial to accumulate trehalose than that in the less-sensitive strain.展开更多
Pleurotus geesteranus was cultivated on the substrates blended with different ratios of treated and untreated Camellia oleifera shells using cottonseed hull as the control substrate. The mycelial growth rate, yield, n...Pleurotus geesteranus was cultivated on the substrates blended with different ratios of treated and untreated Camellia oleifera shells using cottonseed hull as the control substrate. The mycelial growth rate, yield, nutritional composition, ash and heavy metals of the Pleurotus geesteranus cultivated on these substrates were compared. The results suggest that the Camellia oleifera shell in substrate can accelerate the mycelial growth and increase the yield, nutrients and the contents of protein, ash, crude fiber and amino acid of Pleurotus geesteranus. It was found that the contents of tannin and saponin in Camellia oleifera shell affected the mycelial growth rate. The optimal C/N of the substrate for the growth of Pleurotus geesteranus was determined to be 27 ± 0.7. The C/N ratios higher than 30 reduced the protein, fat and soluble sugar contents of the cultivated Pleurotus geesteranus. The contents of heavy metals including Hg, As, Cd and Pb were found in Pleurotus geesteranus cultivated on the substrates containing Camellia oleifera shell complex.展开更多
[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different proportions of spent Pleurotus ostreatus substrate on the germination and seedling growth of mung beans. [Methods] The cellulose-degrading ...[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different proportions of spent Pleurotus ostreatus substrate on the germination and seedling growth of mung beans. [Methods] The cellulose-degrading bacteria HB8 and HF1 were mixed with a commercially available microbial composting agent, respectively, for the composting of spent P. ostreatus substrate. Mung beans were cultivated with different proportions of spent mushroom substrate compost and soil. The seed germination rate, plant height, fresh weight and chlorophyll content of mung bean were used as indicators to investigate the effects of the organic fertilizer from spent P. ostreatus substrate on the growth of mung bean seedlings. [Results] The addition of cellulose-degrading bacteria can significantly improve the composting effect of the spent mushroom substrate. After 8 d of cultivation of mung beans with different ratios of the mushroom substrate organic fertilizer, 50% of the organic fertilizer can make the plant height, fresh weight and leaf chlorophyll content of mung bean seedlings reach the highest value and was suitable for mung bean breeding and cultivation. [Conclusions] This study provides scientific basis and technical indicators for the rapid and harmless treatment of spent mushroom substrate and its application in crop cultivation and nursery.展开更多
Our earlier work showed that hydromethanol extract(HME)of Pleurotus fl orida had antioxidant and anticholinesterase potential.This study aimed at isolating the constituent responsible for the activities.HME was subjec...Our earlier work showed that hydromethanol extract(HME)of Pleurotus fl orida had antioxidant and anticholinesterase potential.This study aimed at isolating the constituent responsible for the activities.HME was subjected to bioactivity guided fractionation using in vitro anti-acetylcholinesterase(Ellman method)and antioxidant(DPPH scavenging assay).The most active constituent was evaluated in vivo employing i.c.v.streptozotocin(STZ)induced dementia in mice.Morris water maze test was used for evaluating memory,followed by biochemical estimations and histopathological studies.Bioactivity guided fractionation resulted in isolation of resveratrol(identifi ed by IR,NMR and MS)and its content in P.fl orida fruiting bodies was 0.0098%(m/m,by a validated TLC densitometric method).It improved STZ induced dementia and neurodegeneration in mice by reducing brain acetylcholinesterase action and oxidative stress.The observed effects might be the presence of resveratrol.Our results further endorse that P.fl orida derived resveratrol can be a promising therapy for Alzheimer’s disease.展开更多
[Objectives]Pleurotus eryngii is currently the second largest edible fungus variety cultivated in China,and it mainly adopts the bag cultivation mode.This study aims to effectively solve the problems of high cost of s...[Objectives]Pleurotus eryngii is currently the second largest edible fungus variety cultivated in China,and it mainly adopts the bag cultivation mode.This study aims to effectively solve the problems of high cost of solid spawn,long spawn production cycle,low application level of green and high-yield cultivation technology and equipment,and unstable output and quality in the factory production process and to further promote industrial upgrading.[Methods]Since June,2018,a series of research and technical optimizations had been carried out by a technical research team consisting of personnels from Vegetable Office of Guannan County,Institute of Edible Fungi of Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Jiangsu Xiangru Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,around the production of liquid spawn,introduction of excellent varieties of P.eryngii,medium pretreatment,autoclaving,clean room inoculation,digital cultivation,harvesting,packaging,etc.[Results]The key technology of industrial production,liquid spawn production and green and high-yield cultivation of P.eryngii are summarized.[Conclusions]The economic benefit of liquid spawn of P.eryngii is extremely considerable compared with liquid spawns such as branch spawn.展开更多
Using cottonseed hull as the control substrate, different proportions of the untreated and treated Carya cathayensis Sarg shells were added to cultivation of Pleurotus geesteranus. The mycelial growth rate, yield, nut...Using cottonseed hull as the control substrate, different proportions of the untreated and treated Carya cathayensis Sarg shells were added to cultivation of Pleurotus geesteranus. The mycelial growth rate, yield, nutritional composition and contents of heavy metals of the Pleurotus geesteranus cultivated on these substrates were determined. The results suggest that added to treated Carya cathayensis Sarg shell promoted the mycelial growth and increased the yield, biological efficiency and the contents of crude fiber, ash, amino acids and essential amino acids of Pleurotus geesteranus. In addition, the fat content and soluble sugar contents of Pleurotus geesteranus were decreased with the increase of the Carya cathayensis Sarg shell content in substrate, but their contents of heavy metals including mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) were higher than that obtained on control substrate.展开更多
The antioxidant property of Moringa oleifera leaves and Pleurotus ostreatus on swimming performance and related biochemical parameters were investigated in thirty adult male and female wistar rats. Purpose: The aim of...The antioxidant property of Moringa oleifera leaves and Pleurotus ostreatus on swimming performance and related biochemical parameters were investigated in thirty adult male and female wistar rats. Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant property of M. oleifera and P. ostreatus mixture in specific proportions in wistar rats. Material and Methods: The mushroom species and M. oleifera leaves were cultivated at the biotechnology laboratory of the University Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Senegal. Oxidative stress in rats was induced by swimming. The dietary supplement was composed of a mixture of powders of Moringa oleifera and Pleurotus ostreatus in 2:1 ratio. Three groups received different doses of dietary supplements 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, and 1500 mg/kg, with one group being the stressed and the other the control group. Parameters in serum such as serum glutamyl oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamyl pyruvate transaminase, albumin, Testosterone, creatinine, and, oxidative stress parameters (catalase, reduced glutathione, and malondialdehyde) were measured. Results: Results showed that the dietary supplement has an effect on oxidative stress because it increases the activity of catalase and the level of cellular glutathione in rats. The 500 mg/kg dose would be the most appropriate dose for stressful conditions. The 1000 mg/kg dose would be the most appropriate dose for liver damage. Conclusion: This study shows that the antioxidant properties of M. oleifera leaves and Pleurotus ostreatus are demonstrated by their ability to improve body energy stores and tissue antioxidant capacity. The dietary supplement of M. oleifera leaves and P. ostreatus powders mixture could be good in stressful conditions.展开更多
Effect of different N resource on the contents of rare-earth elements, P, K and trace elements in the sclerotia of Pleurotus tuber regium was studied. The results show that the contents of rare-earth elements, P, K an...Effect of different N resource on the contents of rare-earth elements, P, K and trace elements in the sclerotia of Pleurotus tuber regium was studied. The results show that the contents of rare-earth elements, P, K and trace elements in the sclerotia of Pleurotus tuber regium are different when treating with various N sources. Except Er and Tm, the contents of rare-earth elements of La, Ho, Dy, Tb and Yb are the highest by treating with ammonium sulfate. When concerning the contents of P, K and trace elements in the sclerotia in different N source treatments, the contents of Cu and Fe are the highest by using cow dung as N source, In and P are the highest by using ammonium sulfate, K, Cl and S are the highest when using urea as N source. The correlation analysis show that certain correlation exists among the contents of rare-earth elements, P, K and trace elements in the sclerotia of Pleurotus tuber regium. Furthermore, the correlation is different by using different N sources, among which the content of Dy is positively related with the contents of P and In, Yb is highly positively related with P content and La is negatively related with S content.展开更多
Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer was cultivated on selected agro wastes viz. cotton stalks, groundnut haulms, soybean straw, pigeon pea stalks and leaves and wheat straw, alone or in combinations. Cotton stalks, pige...Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer was cultivated on selected agro wastes viz. cotton stalks, groundnut haulms, soybean straw, pigeon pea stalks and leaves and wheat straw, alone or in combinations. Cotton stalks, pigeon pea stalks and wheat straw alone or in combination were found to be more suitable than groundnut haulms and soybean straw for the cultivation. Organic supplements such as groundnut oilseed cake, gram powder and rice bran not only affected growth parameters but also increased yields. Thus bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass by P. sajor-caju offers a promising way to convert low quality biomass into an improved human food.展开更多
The control effects and application methods of Pleurotus ostreatus on the peanut root-knot nematode disease, Meloidogyne arenaria, were systematically studied in the greenhouse. Results of pot experiments showed that ...The control effects and application methods of Pleurotus ostreatus on the peanut root-knot nematode disease, Meloidogyne arenaria, were systematically studied in the greenhouse. Results of pot experiments showed that P. Ostreatus could effectively reduce the 2nd-instar population density in the soil, and the larva reduced by 80% compared with the control. P. Ostreatus could markedly lower the infecting number of the peanut root-knot nematodes, the nematode density inside the root knots declined by 40.00% - 82.64%, and the peanut root knots also reduced by 86.96% - 94.03%. The fungus could defer the initial infection of M. Arenaria to the roots, the epidemic rate of the peanut root-knot nematode disease was significantly cut down, and the increase of root-knot changed from the way of Logistic curve in the control to the way of linear curve in the treatment. The final control effectiveness was about 80%. The results of pot trial also indicated that the control effectiveness is closely related to the application time and the amount of this fungus. The key factor affecting control effectiveness was the application time of P. Ostreatus in the soil and the suitable time was 20 days before sowing.展开更多
The effects of different acidities and basicities on contents of rare earth, P, K and trace elements in Pleurotus tuber regium′s sclerotium and their relativities were studied by cultivating Pleurotus tuber regium in...The effects of different acidities and basicities on contents of rare earth, P, K and trace elements in Pleurotus tuber regium′s sclerotium and their relativities were studied by cultivating Pleurotus tuber regium in the same cultivated medium with different pH values in the paper. The results show that the contents of rare earth, P, K and trace elements in Pleurotus tuber regium′s sclerotium are different with pH values. The content of erbium in the sclerotium is the highest when pH value of the cultivated medium is 7.5; that of thulium, copper and molybdenum are the highest when pH value is 8.5; that of phosphor is the highest when pH value is 7.0; that of kalium and sulfur are the highest when pH value is 6.5; and that of indium is the highest when pH value is 8.0. It is seen that pH values are highly correlated with the contents of copper, molybdenum, sulfur and phosphor, and are medially correlated with the contents of ferrum, thulium and kalium, and are weakly correlated with the contents of erbium and indium. In addition, there are different correlative relations among the contents of rare earth, P, K and trace elements in Pleurotus tuber regium′s sclerotium; thereinto the relativity between kalium content and ferrum content is most notable.展开更多
Cottonseed hull substrates blended with different ratios of Castanea mollissima Blume shell were prepared and used for the cultivation of Pleurotus geesteranus. The effects of the chestnut shell content on the mycelia...Cottonseed hull substrates blended with different ratios of Castanea mollissima Blume shell were prepared and used for the cultivation of Pleurotus geesteranus. The effects of the chestnut shell content on the mycelial growth rate, yield, nutritional composition and contents of heavy metals of the cultivated Pleurotus geesteranus were investigated. The results suggest that the Castanea mollissima Blume shell in substrate can increase the mycelial growth rate, yield, biological efficiency and the contents of protein, crude fiber, amino acids and essential amino acids of Pleurotus geesteranus. Further investigation suggests that the tannin and saponin in Castanea mollissima Blume shell and the C/N ratio of substrate significantly influence the mycelial growth rate. The crude fat content of Pleurotus geesteranus decreased, while the contents of heavy metals including mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) increased with the increase of the Castanea mollissima Blume shell content in substrate. Based on these results, the content of Castanea mollissima Blume shell was optimized to be less than 30% for the cultivation of Pleurotus geesteranus.展开更多
In order to effectively guide industrial cultivation of liquid spawn to Pleurotus eryngii,the changes of the mycelial amount,CO_2 concentration and pH value during the industrial cultivation of liquid spawn to Pleurot...In order to effectively guide industrial cultivation of liquid spawn to Pleurotus eryngii,the changes of the mycelial amount,CO_2 concentration and pH value during the industrial cultivation of liquid spawn to Pleurotus eryngii were studied. The results showed that during the culture of mycelium,the changes of mycelium amount and CO_2 concentration accorded with the S type growth curve,and the 4^(th)-8^(th) d was the logarithmic phase with the growth amount of mycelium 0. 05 g/100 ml per day. After 9 d,the mycelium growth tended to slow down,and by the end of the mycelium cultivation,mycelium began to slightly decrease. The pH value of medium changed slightly in 0. 5 during the mycelium cultivation. The three groups of parameters showed that the liquid strain fermentation time should be 8 to 9 d.展开更多
Oyster mushrooms of genus Pleurotus are well known as valuable edible mushrooms which are broadly cultivated in the world as well as wildly propagated in forests of the temperate climate zones including Russia. Indoor...Oyster mushrooms of genus Pleurotus are well known as valuable edible mushrooms which are broadly cultivated in the world as well as wildly propagated in forests of the temperate climate zones including Russia. Indoor cultivation conditions adapted for a laboratory with non-specialized facilities were suggested for effective solid-state cultivation and fruit bodies’ production of Pleurotus species. Seven of 9 Pleurotus species of different origin produced fruit bodies successfully. The best fructification was shown for species P. sajor-caju, P. ostreatus, and P. pulmonarius with fruit body yields of 74%, 72%, and 61% by dry substrate weight in the first flushing cycle. Fruit bodies appeared in five to 10-day flushes. “Spawn run” stage was completed within 17 to 24 days, the longest colonization stage (26 days) being for the pink oyster, P. djamor. The cultivation parameters proposed in this study can be employed with ease for laboratory and “home” cultivation of oyster mushrooms. The species and strains’ identification was confirmed by restriction analysis of ITS region of rRNA gene cluster. Molecular barcodes based on restriction enzyme (AluI, and BsuRI) profiles of ITS sequences were shown to be applicable for molecular genotyping of Pleurotus species of different origin.展开更多
基金a part of a research project entitled “the development of immobilized ligninolytic enzymes for industrial applications” supported by Higher Education Commission (HEC), Islamabad, Pakistan
文摘Solid state bio-processing of wheat straw was carried out through an indigenous fungal strain Pleurotus ostreatus IBL-02 under pre-optimized fermentation conditions. The maximum activity, 692±12 U/mL, of the industrially important manganese peroxidase (MnP) enzyme was recorded after five days of still culture incubation. The crude MnP was 2.1-fold purified with a specific activity of 860 U/mg after purification on a Sephadex-G-100 gel column. On native and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis gels, the purified MnP fraction was a single homogenous band of 45 kDa. An active fraction of MnP was immobilized using hydrophobic sol-gel entrapment comprising tetramethoxysilane (T) and propyltrimethoxysilane (P) at different T:P molar ratios. Characterization revealed that after 24 h incubation at varying pH and temperatures, the MnP fraction immobilized at a T:P ratio of 1:2 in the sol-gel retained 82% and 75% of its original activity at pH4 and 70 ℃, respectively. The optimally active fraction at a 1:2 T:P ratio was tested against MnSO4 as a substrate to determine the kinetic catalytic constants KM and Vmax . To explore the industrial applicability of P. ostreatus IBL-02 MnP, both the free and immobilized MnP were used for the decolorization of four different textile industrial effluents. A maximum of 100% decolorization was achieved for the different textile effluents within the shortest time period. A lower KM , higher Vmax , hyper-activation, and enhanced acidic and thermal resistance up to 70 ℃ were the novel catalytic features of the sol-gel immobilized MnP, suggesting that it may be a potential candidate for biotechnological applications particularly for textile bioremediation purposes.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2014CB138303)the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS20)
文摘High temperature is one of the major abiotic stresses that limit edible mushroom growth and development. The understanding of physiological alterations in response to heat stress and the corresponding mechanisms involved is vital for the breeding of heat-resistant edible mushroom strains. Although trehalose functions as a protectant against abiotic stresses in fungi, the putative role of trehalose in thermotolerance remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found heat stress inhibited the growth of two Pleurotus pulmonarius strains, heat-sensitive and less-sensitive, and the inhibition was more significant for the sensitive strain. Heat stress leads to the increase of lipid peroxidation and intracellular trehalose accumulation, with a higher level in the heat-sensitive strain, and this effect is independent of exogenous trehalose application. In addition, a lower concentration of exogenous trehalose application in sensitive strain than in less-sensitive strain was found to alleviate the inhibition of mycelium growth and further increase the intracellular trehalose concentration by heat stress. Thus, the protective effects of trehalose were more remarkable in the sensitive strain. The activities of intracellular trehalose metabolic enzymes, i.e., trehalose-6-phosphate synthase, trehalose phosphorylase and neutral trehalase, were determined, and our data indicated that the changes of these enzymes activities in the sensitive strain were more beneficial to accumulate trehalose than that in the less-sensitive strain.
文摘Pleurotus geesteranus was cultivated on the substrates blended with different ratios of treated and untreated Camellia oleifera shells using cottonseed hull as the control substrate. The mycelial growth rate, yield, nutritional composition, ash and heavy metals of the Pleurotus geesteranus cultivated on these substrates were compared. The results suggest that the Camellia oleifera shell in substrate can accelerate the mycelial growth and increase the yield, nutrients and the contents of protein, ash, crude fiber and amino acid of Pleurotus geesteranus. It was found that the contents of tannin and saponin in Camellia oleifera shell affected the mycelial growth rate. The optimal C/N of the substrate for the growth of Pleurotus geesteranus was determined to be 27 ± 0.7. The C/N ratios higher than 30 reduced the protein, fat and soluble sugar contents of the cultivated Pleurotus geesteranus. The contents of heavy metals including Hg, As, Cd and Pb were found in Pleurotus geesteranus cultivated on the substrates containing Camellia oleifera shell complex.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(15C0721)Hunan Provincial Innovation Platform Open Fund Project(16K047)Hunan Provincial Construct Program of the Key Discipline
文摘[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different proportions of spent Pleurotus ostreatus substrate on the germination and seedling growth of mung beans. [Methods] The cellulose-degrading bacteria HB8 and HF1 were mixed with a commercially available microbial composting agent, respectively, for the composting of spent P. ostreatus substrate. Mung beans were cultivated with different proportions of spent mushroom substrate compost and soil. The seed germination rate, plant height, fresh weight and chlorophyll content of mung bean were used as indicators to investigate the effects of the organic fertilizer from spent P. ostreatus substrate on the growth of mung bean seedlings. [Results] The addition of cellulose-degrading bacteria can significantly improve the composting effect of the spent mushroom substrate. After 8 d of cultivation of mung beans with different ratios of the mushroom substrate organic fertilizer, 50% of the organic fertilizer can make the plant height, fresh weight and leaf chlorophyll content of mung bean seedlings reach the highest value and was suitable for mung bean breeding and cultivation. [Conclusions] This study provides scientific basis and technical indicators for the rapid and harmless treatment of spent mushroom substrate and its application in crop cultivation and nursery.
基金The study was funded by University Grants Commission under UGC BSR fellowship scheme(Award no.F.4.25-1/2013-14(BSR)/7-265/2009(BSR))The authors are thankful to Prof.Nirmal Singh and Mr.Pankaj Bhatia,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research,Punjabi University,Patiala,India for their help in carrying out animal studies.The authors are also thankful to DBTIPLS project(Grant no:BT/PR4548/INF/22/146/2012),Punjabi University,Patiala,Punjab,India for providing HPTLC facility and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research,Punjabi University,Patiala,India for providing the necessary laboratory facilities for this work.
文摘Our earlier work showed that hydromethanol extract(HME)of Pleurotus fl orida had antioxidant and anticholinesterase potential.This study aimed at isolating the constituent responsible for the activities.HME was subjected to bioactivity guided fractionation using in vitro anti-acetylcholinesterase(Ellman method)and antioxidant(DPPH scavenging assay).The most active constituent was evaluated in vivo employing i.c.v.streptozotocin(STZ)induced dementia in mice.Morris water maze test was used for evaluating memory,followed by biochemical estimations and histopathological studies.Bioactivity guided fractionation resulted in isolation of resveratrol(identifi ed by IR,NMR and MS)and its content in P.fl orida fruiting bodies was 0.0098%(m/m,by a validated TLC densitometric method).It improved STZ induced dementia and neurodegeneration in mice by reducing brain acetylcholinesterase action and oxidative stress.The observed effects might be the presence of resveratrol.Our results further endorse that P.fl orida derived resveratrol can be a promising therapy for Alzheimer’s disease.
基金Modern Agricultural(Vegetables)Industrial Technology System Construction Project of Jiangsu Province[JATS-(2019)183]。
文摘[Objectives]Pleurotus eryngii is currently the second largest edible fungus variety cultivated in China,and it mainly adopts the bag cultivation mode.This study aims to effectively solve the problems of high cost of solid spawn,long spawn production cycle,low application level of green and high-yield cultivation technology and equipment,and unstable output and quality in the factory production process and to further promote industrial upgrading.[Methods]Since June,2018,a series of research and technical optimizations had been carried out by a technical research team consisting of personnels from Vegetable Office of Guannan County,Institute of Edible Fungi of Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Jiangsu Xiangru Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,around the production of liquid spawn,introduction of excellent varieties of P.eryngii,medium pretreatment,autoclaving,clean room inoculation,digital cultivation,harvesting,packaging,etc.[Results]The key technology of industrial production,liquid spawn production and green and high-yield cultivation of P.eryngii are summarized.[Conclusions]The economic benefit of liquid spawn of P.eryngii is extremely considerable compared with liquid spawns such as branch spawn.
文摘Using cottonseed hull as the control substrate, different proportions of the untreated and treated Carya cathayensis Sarg shells were added to cultivation of Pleurotus geesteranus. The mycelial growth rate, yield, nutritional composition and contents of heavy metals of the Pleurotus geesteranus cultivated on these substrates were determined. The results suggest that added to treated Carya cathayensis Sarg shell promoted the mycelial growth and increased the yield, biological efficiency and the contents of crude fiber, ash, amino acids and essential amino acids of Pleurotus geesteranus. In addition, the fat content and soluble sugar contents of Pleurotus geesteranus were decreased with the increase of the Carya cathayensis Sarg shell content in substrate, but their contents of heavy metals including mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) were higher than that obtained on control substrate.
文摘The antioxidant property of Moringa oleifera leaves and Pleurotus ostreatus on swimming performance and related biochemical parameters were investigated in thirty adult male and female wistar rats. Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant property of M. oleifera and P. ostreatus mixture in specific proportions in wistar rats. Material and Methods: The mushroom species and M. oleifera leaves were cultivated at the biotechnology laboratory of the University Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Senegal. Oxidative stress in rats was induced by swimming. The dietary supplement was composed of a mixture of powders of Moringa oleifera and Pleurotus ostreatus in 2:1 ratio. Three groups received different doses of dietary supplements 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, and 1500 mg/kg, with one group being the stressed and the other the control group. Parameters in serum such as serum glutamyl oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamyl pyruvate transaminase, albumin, Testosterone, creatinine, and, oxidative stress parameters (catalase, reduced glutathione, and malondialdehyde) were measured. Results: Results showed that the dietary supplement has an effect on oxidative stress because it increases the activity of catalase and the level of cellular glutathione in rats. The 500 mg/kg dose would be the most appropriate dose for stressful conditions. The 1000 mg/kg dose would be the most appropriate dose for liver damage. Conclusion: This study shows that the antioxidant properties of M. oleifera leaves and Pleurotus ostreatus are demonstrated by their ability to improve body energy stores and tissue antioxidant capacity. The dietary supplement of M. oleifera leaves and P. ostreatus powders mixture could be good in stressful conditions.
文摘Effect of different N resource on the contents of rare-earth elements, P, K and trace elements in the sclerotia of Pleurotus tuber regium was studied. The results show that the contents of rare-earth elements, P, K and trace elements in the sclerotia of Pleurotus tuber regium are different when treating with various N sources. Except Er and Tm, the contents of rare-earth elements of La, Ho, Dy, Tb and Yb are the highest by treating with ammonium sulfate. When concerning the contents of P, K and trace elements in the sclerotia in different N source treatments, the contents of Cu and Fe are the highest by using cow dung as N source, In and P are the highest by using ammonium sulfate, K, Cl and S are the highest when using urea as N source. The correlation analysis show that certain correlation exists among the contents of rare-earth elements, P, K and trace elements in the sclerotia of Pleurotus tuber regium. Furthermore, the correlation is different by using different N sources, among which the content of Dy is positively related with the contents of P and In, Yb is highly positively related with P content and La is negatively related with S content.
文摘Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer was cultivated on selected agro wastes viz. cotton stalks, groundnut haulms, soybean straw, pigeon pea stalks and leaves and wheat straw, alone or in combinations. Cotton stalks, pigeon pea stalks and wheat straw alone or in combination were found to be more suitable than groundnut haulms and soybean straw for the cultivation. Organic supplements such as groundnut oilseed cake, gram powder and rice bran not only affected growth parameters but also increased yields. Thus bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass by P. sajor-caju offers a promising way to convert low quality biomass into an improved human food.
文摘The control effects and application methods of Pleurotus ostreatus on the peanut root-knot nematode disease, Meloidogyne arenaria, were systematically studied in the greenhouse. Results of pot experiments showed that P. Ostreatus could effectively reduce the 2nd-instar population density in the soil, and the larva reduced by 80% compared with the control. P. Ostreatus could markedly lower the infecting number of the peanut root-knot nematodes, the nematode density inside the root knots declined by 40.00% - 82.64%, and the peanut root knots also reduced by 86.96% - 94.03%. The fungus could defer the initial infection of M. Arenaria to the roots, the epidemic rate of the peanut root-knot nematode disease was significantly cut down, and the increase of root-knot changed from the way of Logistic curve in the control to the way of linear curve in the treatment. The final control effectiveness was about 80%. The results of pot trial also indicated that the control effectiveness is closely related to the application time and the amount of this fungus. The key factor affecting control effectiveness was the application time of P. Ostreatus in the soil and the suitable time was 20 days before sowing.
文摘The effects of different acidities and basicities on contents of rare earth, P, K and trace elements in Pleurotus tuber regium′s sclerotium and their relativities were studied by cultivating Pleurotus tuber regium in the same cultivated medium with different pH values in the paper. The results show that the contents of rare earth, P, K and trace elements in Pleurotus tuber regium′s sclerotium are different with pH values. The content of erbium in the sclerotium is the highest when pH value of the cultivated medium is 7.5; that of thulium, copper and molybdenum are the highest when pH value is 8.5; that of phosphor is the highest when pH value is 7.0; that of kalium and sulfur are the highest when pH value is 6.5; and that of indium is the highest when pH value is 8.0. It is seen that pH values are highly correlated with the contents of copper, molybdenum, sulfur and phosphor, and are medially correlated with the contents of ferrum, thulium and kalium, and are weakly correlated with the contents of erbium and indium. In addition, there are different correlative relations among the contents of rare earth, P, K and trace elements in Pleurotus tuber regium′s sclerotium; thereinto the relativity between kalium content and ferrum content is most notable.
文摘Cottonseed hull substrates blended with different ratios of Castanea mollissima Blume shell were prepared and used for the cultivation of Pleurotus geesteranus. The effects of the chestnut shell content on the mycelial growth rate, yield, nutritional composition and contents of heavy metals of the cultivated Pleurotus geesteranus were investigated. The results suggest that the Castanea mollissima Blume shell in substrate can increase the mycelial growth rate, yield, biological efficiency and the contents of protein, crude fiber, amino acids and essential amino acids of Pleurotus geesteranus. Further investigation suggests that the tannin and saponin in Castanea mollissima Blume shell and the C/N ratio of substrate significantly influence the mycelial growth rate. The crude fat content of Pleurotus geesteranus decreased, while the contents of heavy metals including mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) increased with the increase of the Castanea mollissima Blume shell content in substrate. Based on these results, the content of Castanea mollissima Blume shell was optimized to be less than 30% for the cultivation of Pleurotus geesteranus.
基金Supported by Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-24)Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi(16DZ2281300)Fund for Construction of Shanghai Edible Mushroom Industry Technology System(hnkcz(2017)9)
文摘In order to effectively guide industrial cultivation of liquid spawn to Pleurotus eryngii,the changes of the mycelial amount,CO_2 concentration and pH value during the industrial cultivation of liquid spawn to Pleurotus eryngii were studied. The results showed that during the culture of mycelium,the changes of mycelium amount and CO_2 concentration accorded with the S type growth curve,and the 4^(th)-8^(th) d was the logarithmic phase with the growth amount of mycelium 0. 05 g/100 ml per day. After 9 d,the mycelium growth tended to slow down,and by the end of the mycelium cultivation,mycelium began to slightly decrease. The pH value of medium changed slightly in 0. 5 during the mycelium cultivation. The three groups of parameters showed that the liquid strain fermentation time should be 8 to 9 d.
文摘Oyster mushrooms of genus Pleurotus are well known as valuable edible mushrooms which are broadly cultivated in the world as well as wildly propagated in forests of the temperate climate zones including Russia. Indoor cultivation conditions adapted for a laboratory with non-specialized facilities were suggested for effective solid-state cultivation and fruit bodies’ production of Pleurotus species. Seven of 9 Pleurotus species of different origin produced fruit bodies successfully. The best fructification was shown for species P. sajor-caju, P. ostreatus, and P. pulmonarius with fruit body yields of 74%, 72%, and 61% by dry substrate weight in the first flushing cycle. Fruit bodies appeared in five to 10-day flushes. “Spawn run” stage was completed within 17 to 24 days, the longest colonization stage (26 days) being for the pink oyster, P. djamor. The cultivation parameters proposed in this study can be employed with ease for laboratory and “home” cultivation of oyster mushrooms. The species and strains’ identification was confirmed by restriction analysis of ITS region of rRNA gene cluster. Molecular barcodes based on restriction enzyme (AluI, and BsuRI) profiles of ITS sequences were shown to be applicable for molecular genotyping of Pleurotus species of different origin.
