This is the first report on a polysaccharide(RCJ2-Ib)isolated from Rosa Chinensis Flos.RCJ2-Ib was obtained through the extraction with water,precipitation with ethanol,separation with DEAE-52 column and purification ...This is the first report on a polysaccharide(RCJ2-Ib)isolated from Rosa Chinensis Flos.RCJ2-Ib was obtained through the extraction with water,precipitation with ethanol,separation with DEAE-52 column and purification with DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow column and Sephadex G100 column.GC,FT-IR and NMR analyses revealed that RCJ2-Ib(3.3 k Da)was a 1,4-linked polymannuronic acid containing substantialβ-Danomers units.The anticoagulant effect of RCJ2-Ib evaluated by using rabbit ear venous blood and an acute blood stasis rat model showed that RCJ2-Ib had obvious anticoagulant activity in regulating endogenous and exogenous coagulation pathways and reducing serum thromboxane B2 and endothelin-1.In addition,RCJ2-Ib could also increase the number of Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli.As a result,RCJ2-Ib has the potential to inhibit thrombosis and maintain the intestinal environment.展开更多
The essential oil of Schisandra Chinensis(Turc z.) Baill was extracted and analyzed. The essential oil was obtained in a 1.8%(mL/100 g material) yield. Forty eight compounds were isolated and characterized from the oi...The essential oil of Schisandra Chinensis(Turc z.) Baill was extracted and analyzed. The essential oil was obtained in a 1.8%(mL/100 g material) yield. Forty eight compounds were isolated and characterized from the oil. The results show that the content(20.42%) of β -pinene of naturally essential oil is the highest among the components of the oil,which has laid a foundation for the futher development and application of the stems of Schisandra Chinensis(Turc z.) Baill .展开更多
Leymus chinensis(Trin.) Tzvel.,widely distributed at eastern Eurasian steppe and divided into gray-green type and yellow-green type,has different stress resistance to environment.In the present study,the water-soluble...Leymus chinensis(Trin.) Tzvel.,widely distributed at eastern Eurasian steppe and divided into gray-green type and yellow-green type,has different stress resistance to environment.In the present study,the water-soluble polysaccharides from two ecotypes of L.chinensis were analyzed in detail,and the differences between polysaccharides from the two ecotypes of L.chinensis in the yield,monosaccharide composition,molecular weight and structure were clarified.The polysaccharides of L.chinensis were composed of both neutral and acidic polysaccharides.The neutral polysaccharides contained mannose,glucose,galactose,xylose and arabinose,and mainly consisted of β-1,4-Glcp,α-1,3-Galp and α-1,2-Xylp residues.The acidic polysaccharides contained mannose,rhamnose,glucuronic acid,galacturonic acid,glucose,galactose,xylose and arabinose.However,the yields,monosaccharides contents and the molecular weights of the polysaccharides from the two ecotypes of L.chinensis were different.Moreover,the resistance type(gray-green type) of L.chinensis contained a number of α-1,3-Manp and reducing end of β-Glcp residues,and much more O-methyl groups than normal type(yellow-green type) of L.chinensis.The differences of the polysaccharides of the two ecotypes of L.chinensis might be due to the long-term environmental adaptability of plant,and the differences of the polysaccharides might influence the stress resistance of L.chinensis.展开更多
Objective:The fruit stalk of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill.(S.chinensis)has been found to contain bioactive components similar to the fruit of S.chinensis.Here,we report a recent discovery about new nortriterpenoi...Objective:The fruit stalk of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill.(S.chinensis)has been found to contain bioactive components similar to the fruit of S.chinensis.Here,we report a recent discovery about new nortriterpenoids with a novel skeleton and anti-gastric cancer activity,which were isolated from the fruit stalk of S.chinensis.Methods:The chemical components of ethyl acetate extract from 70%ethanol extract from S.chinensis fruit stalk were separated,purified,and identified by liquid chromatography methods(silica gel,ODS,HPLC)and extensive spectroscopic analyses(NMR,IR,UV,MS,CD).Results:Two new nortriterpenoids,schilancitrilactone M and 25-hydroxyl schindilactone D(1 and 2),along with ten known nortriterpenoids(3-12)were isolated from the fruit stalk of S.chinensis.The isolated compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activities against MGC-803 cells,and the results showed that compounds 6-8 possessed significant activities with IC50 of 9.01,11.77,and 2.74μmol/L,respectively.Conclusion:Twelve nortriterpenoids including two new compounds were isolated from the fruit stalk of S.chinensis for the first time.Among them,compounds 6-8 showed significant anti-gastric cancer activities.We postulated that the fruit stalk of S.chinensis could be used as an anti-gastric cancer drug.展开更多
[Objectives]To observe the effects of polysaccharides from Dicliptera chinensis(L.)Nees.on the expression of TLR/NF-κB pathway related proteins in HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid,and to explore the possible mechani...[Objectives]To observe the effects of polysaccharides from Dicliptera chinensis(L.)Nees.on the expression of TLR/NF-κB pathway related proteins in HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid,and to explore the possible mechanism of polysaccharides from D.chinensis(L.)Nees.in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).[Methods]HepG2 cells were induced with oleic acid to establish a non-alcoholic fatty liver cell model.After intervention with 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL of D.chinensis(L.)Nees.polysaccharides,the ALT and AST activity and TG and TC contents were detected with kits,and the changes in the expression of CDK5,TLR4,p-NF-κB and NF-κB were analyzed using Western-blotting.[Results]In the HepG2 cells induced with oleic acid,the ALT and AST activity increased significantly,the TG and TC contents increased significantly,and the expression levels of CDK5,TLR4 and p-NF-κB proteins up-regulated significantly.In the HepG2 cells intervened with D.chinensis(L.)Nees.polysaccharides,the activity of ALT and AST,the contents of TG and TC,and the expression levels of CDK5,TLR4 and p-NF-κB proteins all reduced significantly.[Conclusions]Polysaccharides from D.chinensis(L.)Nees.may interfere with NAFLD by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.展开更多
[Objectives] To study the acute toxicity,mutation,and feeding experiment of polysaccharides from Dicliptera chinensis( L.)Juss.,and assess its safety. [Methods]In accordance with Procedures for toxicological Assessmen...[Objectives] To study the acute toxicity,mutation,and feeding experiment of polysaccharides from Dicliptera chinensis( L.)Juss.,and assess its safety. [Methods]In accordance with Procedures for toxicological Assessment on Food Safety,acute toxicity to mice,micronucleus experiment for bone marrow cell in mice,sperm shape abnormality test in mice,and Ames experiment were carried out,and 30 d feeding experiment was detected for rats. [Results] when the maximum tolerance dose( MTD) of mice was higher than 20 g/kg,at polysaccharides from Dicliptera chinensis( L.) Juss. ≤10 g/kg,there was no statistical difference between the control group and mouse bone marrow cell micronucleus and sperm shape abnormality test group; Ames experiment indicated that the number of revertant colonies of different dose groups of polysaccharides from Dicliptera chinensis( L.) Juss. with and without S9 did not exceed two times of the blank control group; rat 30 d feeding experiment indicated that when polysaccharides from Dicliptera chinensis( L.) Juss. ≤ 3. 2 g/kg,rats grew and developed well,and there was no statistical difference with the control group in blood,multiple organ biochemical indicators and liver tissue. [Conclusions]Polysaccharides from Dicliptera chinensis( L.) Juss. are safe and non-toxic chemical compounds and can be used as health products or drugs.展开更多
Objective To determine the optimum extraction method and condition of poly-saccharides fromTrollius chinensis (TCP).Methods With the yield of TCP as index and water as solvent,reflux extraction,ultrasonic extraction a...Objective To determine the optimum extraction method and condition of poly-saccharides fromTrollius chinensis (TCP).Methods With the yield of TCP as index and water as solvent,reflux extraction,ultrasonic extraction and supercritical CO_2 extraction were employed to determine the efficient extraction method of TCP.Moreover,the conditions of reflux extraction were optimized by single factor test and orthogonal test.The content of polysaccharide was measured with phenol-sulfuric acid method.Results The data displayed that the crude polysaccharide(CPS)yield of regular reflux extraction was(11.7±0.12)%,superior to ultrasonic extraction and supercritical CO_2 extraction.The optimum conditions of reflux extraction were as follows:extraction temperature of 95℃,extraction time of 3hand the liquid-solid ratio of 20∶1.Under these conditions,the polysaccharide yield was (1.45±0.03)%,which was well in close agreement with the predicted value.Conclusion Regular reflux extraction was regarded as the optimal extraction method of TCP.The optimum conditions of reflux extraction were as follows:extraction temperature of 95℃,extraction time of 3hand the liquid-solid ratio of 20∶1.展开更多
BACKGROUND:The most prominent characteristic of brain aging is decreased learning and memory ability.The functions of learning and memory are closely related to intracerebral acetylcholinesterase(AChE) and monoamine n...BACKGROUND:The most prominent characteristic of brain aging is decreased learning and memory ability.The functions of learning and memory are closely related to intracerebral acetylcholinesterase(AChE) and monoamine neurotransmitter activity.Previous studies have shown that Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide has an anti-aging effect. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide on AChE activity and monoamine neurotransmitter content,as well as learning and memory ability in a D-galactose-induced aging mouse brain model compared with the positive control drug Kangnaoling. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Completely randomized,controlled experiment based on neurobiochemistry was performed at the Pharmacological Laboratory,Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September to December 2003. MATERIALS:Schisandra chinensis was purchased from Henan Provincial Medicinal Company. Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide was obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. Kangnaoling pellets were provided by Liaoning Tianlong Pharmaceutical(batch No.20030804;state drug permit No.H21023095).A total of 50 six-week-old Kunming mice were randomly divided into five groups:blank control,model,Kangnaoling,high and low dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide groups,with 10 mice per group. METHODS:Mice in the blank control group were subcutaneously injected with 0.5 mL/20 g normal saline into the nape of the neck each day,while the remaining mice were subcutaneously injected with 5%D-galactose saline solution(0.5 mL/20 g) in the nape for 40 days to induce a brain aging model.On day 11,mice in the high and low dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide groups were intragastrically infused with 20 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide solution(0.2 mL/10 g),respectively.Mice from the Kangnaoling group were intragastrically infused with 35 mg/mL Kangnaoling suspension(0.2 ml/10 g),and the mice in the model group were intragastrically infused with the same volume of normal saline(0.2 mL/10 g) once per day for 30 consecutive days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Two hours after the final administration,pathohistological changes in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were observed using hematoxylin & eosin staining.AChE activity was detected using chromatometry.Monoamine neurotransmitter content was measured using fluorimetry.Learning and memory was measured using the step down test and darkness avoidance test. RESULTS:Both Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide and Kangnaoling improved pathological injury to the cerebral cortex and hippocampus in a mouse model of brain aging.Compared with the blank control group,AChE activity and content of norepinephrine(NA),dopamine(DA),and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) were significantly decreased in the model group(P<0.01).In contrast, AChE activity and NA,DA,and 5-HT levels significantly increased in the Kangnaoling and high dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide groups(P<0.01),while NA levels significantly increased in the low dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide group(P<0.01).Drug treatment improved learning and memory abilities(P<0.01 or P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide significantly increased levels of central neurotransmitters and improved learning and memory in a mouse model of brain aging.The effects of Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide were equal to that of Kangnaoling pellets.展开更多
Schisandra Chinensis Fructus(SCF)is the fruit of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill.,a perennial vine.It was first recorded in Shen Nong′s herbal classic and has a long application history.Studies have shown that SCF ...Schisandra Chinensis Fructus(SCF)is the fruit of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill.,a perennial vine.It was first recorded in Shen Nong′s herbal classic and has a long application history.Studies have shown that SCF has anti-inflammatory,protective liver,antioxidant,antibacterial and other pharmacological effects.Ancient prescriptions are commonly used in the treatment of chronic diarrhea and other intestinal diseases and diabetes.Modern clinical pharmacology features of SCF polysaccharide(SCFP)in diabetes,liver diseases,enteritis and other aspects have achieved excellent results.Gut is an important digestive organ of human body,but intestinal diseases are varied,including Crohn′s disease,ulcerative colitis,intestinal flora imbalance,etc..It is a chronic and non-specific inflammatory disease.The disease is persisted for a long time and the incidence rate is expected to rise.Most of the symptoms are recurrent diarrhea,bloody stool and abdominal pain.It is considered by the World Health Organization as a refractory disease.At present,there is little possibility of complete cure,which is closely related to complex environmental factors,eating habits and heredity.In recent years,clinical studies have found that SCFP has a variety of pharmacological effects on intestinal protection.①Reduce inflammatory factors:intestinal mucositis is a common adverse reaction in patients with chemotherapy.The development of mucositis is related to pro-inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL^(-1)β,Interferon-γ(IFN-γ).SCFP can significantly reduce IL-6 TNF-α,IL^(-1)β,and IL-8,as well as the accumulation of T cells in the process of resisting apoptosis,reduce the inflammatory reaction and protect the damage to villi and crypts,improve the symptoms of small intestinal mucositis caused by weight loss and diarrhea.②Promote immunoglobulin A secretion:intestinal mucosal immunity is the first line of defense of the body′s immune system.Its main antibody is secretory immunoglobulin A,which can destroy and phagocytize microorganisms,bacteria and viruses.SCFP can improve intestinal immunity by increasing the number and activity of T lymphocytes,promoting the secretion of secretory immunoglobulin A,and affecting the activity of a variety of cytokines.③Regulation of intestinal flora:the flora in the intestine has the functions of auxiliary nutrient absorption,biological antagonism and immune regulation,and can form a natural barrier for the host's intestine.When the human intestinal flora is disordered,probiotics will be greatly reduced,harmful bacteria will proliferate and destroy the intestinal environment.Under these conditions,the intake of SCFP significantly increased the number of beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacillus,and significantly decreased the number of conditional pathogens such as enterococcus and escherichia coli,indicating that SCFP can indeed regulate the intestinal disorder caused by lincomycin hydrochloride to a certain extent. This may be because beneficial bacteria in the intestine metabolize polysaccharides produce short chain fatty acids such as lactic acid and acetic acid, which reduces the pH value in the intestine and inhibits the growth of enterococcus and Escherichia coli. In conclusion, SCFP can treat and protect intestinal diseases to a certain extent, which provides a favorable basis for the treatment of intestinal diseases.展开更多
Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. is a deciduous woody vine, and belongs to the Schisandraceae family. This species is a horticultural plant with edible fruit. It is used medicinally and for making rope. It is dist...Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. is a deciduous woody vine, and belongs to the Schisandraceae family. This species is a horticultural plant with edible fruit. It is used medicinally and for making rope. It is distributed in Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol,展开更多
The determination method of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Schisandra chinensis was improved with the high performance liquid chromagraphy(HPLC).The sample was extracted exceedingly in the critical limit of CO 2 ....The determination method of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Schisandra chinensis was improved with the high performance liquid chromagraphy(HPLC).The sample was extracted exceedingly in the critical limit of CO 2 .The retention time of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B was reduced,with methano/water(75:25)as mobile phase.The wavelength for detection was 254 nm. The R2 of standard curve was 0.9998 and the relative standard deviation was 2.31%and 3.17%with the recovery of 96.45%and 97.37%,respectively.The result shows that the rate of veracity of this method is higher and it proves that the determination method of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Schisandra chinensis is a feasible method.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacokinetics change of schisandra chinensis under the pathological condition of liver dysfunction for safe and rational use of herbal medicines.METHODS The metabolism of four effective ligna...OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacokinetics change of schisandra chinensis under the pathological condition of liver dysfunction for safe and rational use of herbal medicines.METHODS The metabolism of four effective lignans from schisandra chinensis(SC),schisandrin,schisantherin A,deoxyshisandrin and γ-schisandrin was studied using microsomes from patients with advanced hepato.cellular carcinoma.In situ intestinal and hepatic perfusions were conducted to clarify the contributions from impairments of gut and liver on the pharmacokinetics of the four schisandra lignans in CCl4-intoxi.cated rats.The metabolism in rat and human liver microsomes and transport in Caco-2 monolayer cell model were studied to reveal the key factors for the in vivo disposition of the four lignans.RESULTS When SC alcoholic extract was orally administrated to CCl4-intoxicated rat for a short term(4 d),the pharmacokinetics of four active SC lignans was significantly changed while its hepatoprotective effect was not obviously observed.The plasma concentrations of the four schisandra lignans were dramatical.ly elevated compared with the control.The Cmax,AUC and MRT were all increased or prolonged signif.icantly while parameter CLz/F was obviously reduced in rat pretreated with CCl4.In hepatic perfusion study and liver microsomes incubation,it was found that the hepatic metabolism of the four lignans was markedly decreased mainly due to the activity reduction of multiple CYP450 isoenzymes involved the metabolism,which,eventually,might lead to the alternation of their pharmacokinetic profiles in CCl4-intoxicated rats or patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.CONCLUSION The pharmacoki.netic studies of SC components in pathological situation of liver dysfunction are expected to provide useful data for rational and safe application of SC preparations in clinic or further pharmacological and toxicological research.展开更多
[Objectives]Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)rat model was established by feeding high-fat and high-sugar fodder to rats,and the protective effect of Dicliptera chinensis polysaccharide(DCP)on NAFLD rats was st...[Objectives]Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)rat model was established by feeding high-fat and high-sugar fodder to rats,and the protective effect of Dicliptera chinensis polysaccharide(DCP)on NAFLD rats was studied to explore its potential mechanism.[Methods]45 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:normal control group,model control group and DCP treatment groups(100 and 300 mg/kg).The rats in the normal control group were fed with ordinary fodder,and the rats in other groups were fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet for 14 weeks to establish NAFLD model.From the 9^(th)week,the rats in the DCP treatment groups were given different doses of DCP by intragastric administration(5 mL/kg)for 6 weeks.After the last intragastric administration,the rats fasted for 16 h,and the serum and liver of rats were collected for detection.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was conducted to observe the histopathological changes of rat liver,and alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),malondialdehyde(MDA),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were detected by biochemical method.Interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)and micrornA-141(micro RNA-141)were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The expression of SIRT1 and adenosine 5'-monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK)in rat liver was detected by western blot.[Results]Compared with the model control group,the inflammatory damage and steatodegeneration of rats in the DCP groups were relieved to varying degrees,and the number of lipid vacuoles significantly reduced.The ALT,AST,TC,TG and LDL-C content in the serum and MDA content in the liver tissue decreased to varying degrees,while the HDL-C,SOD and GSH-Px content increased.The expression of SIRT1 and AMPK increased,while the expression of miR-141,TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1βdeclined,and the DCP 300 mg/kg treatment group had better improvement effect.[Conclusions]DCP had a certain protective effect on NAFLD rats,which may be related to the regulation of miR-141/AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway.展开更多
基金supported by Research on Precision Nutrition and Health Food,Department of Science and Technology of Henan Province(CXJD2021006)Key Project in Science and Technology Agency of Henan Province(202102110283 and 202102110149)。
文摘This is the first report on a polysaccharide(RCJ2-Ib)isolated from Rosa Chinensis Flos.RCJ2-Ib was obtained through the extraction with water,precipitation with ethanol,separation with DEAE-52 column and purification with DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow column and Sephadex G100 column.GC,FT-IR and NMR analyses revealed that RCJ2-Ib(3.3 k Da)was a 1,4-linked polymannuronic acid containing substantialβ-Danomers units.The anticoagulant effect of RCJ2-Ib evaluated by using rabbit ear venous blood and an acute blood stasis rat model showed that RCJ2-Ib had obvious anticoagulant activity in regulating endogenous and exogenous coagulation pathways and reducing serum thromboxane B2 and endothelin-1.In addition,RCJ2-Ib could also increase the number of Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli.As a result,RCJ2-Ib has the potential to inhibit thrombosis and maintain the intestinal environment.
文摘The essential oil of Schisandra Chinensis(Turc z.) Baill was extracted and analyzed. The essential oil was obtained in a 1.8%(mL/100 g material) yield. Forty eight compounds were isolated and characterized from the oil. The results show that the content(20.42%) of β -pinene of naturally essential oil is the highest among the components of the oil,which has laid a foundation for the futher development and application of the stems of Schisandra Chinensis(Turc z.) Baill .
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province,China(No.20110242)the Natural Science Foundation of Qinghai Province,China(Nos.2011-Z-924Q,2011-ZR-242)
文摘Leymus chinensis(Trin.) Tzvel.,widely distributed at eastern Eurasian steppe and divided into gray-green type and yellow-green type,has different stress resistance to environment.In the present study,the water-soluble polysaccharides from two ecotypes of L.chinensis were analyzed in detail,and the differences between polysaccharides from the two ecotypes of L.chinensis in the yield,monosaccharide composition,molecular weight and structure were clarified.The polysaccharides of L.chinensis were composed of both neutral and acidic polysaccharides.The neutral polysaccharides contained mannose,glucose,galactose,xylose and arabinose,and mainly consisted of β-1,4-Glcp,α-1,3-Galp and α-1,2-Xylp residues.The acidic polysaccharides contained mannose,rhamnose,glucuronic acid,galacturonic acid,glucose,galactose,xylose and arabinose.However,the yields,monosaccharides contents and the molecular weights of the polysaccharides from the two ecotypes of L.chinensis were different.Moreover,the resistance type(gray-green type) of L.chinensis contained a number of α-1,3-Manp and reducing end of β-Glcp residues,and much more O-methyl groups than normal type(yellow-green type) of L.chinensis.The differences of the polysaccharides of the two ecotypes of L.chinensis might be due to the long-term environmental adaptability of plant,and the differences of the polysaccharides might influence the stress resistance of L.chinensis.
基金This study was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation(81973440)National Key Research and Development Project(2018YFC1707100+1 种基金2018YFC1707103)Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program.
文摘Objective:The fruit stalk of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill.(S.chinensis)has been found to contain bioactive components similar to the fruit of S.chinensis.Here,we report a recent discovery about new nortriterpenoids with a novel skeleton and anti-gastric cancer activity,which were isolated from the fruit stalk of S.chinensis.Methods:The chemical components of ethyl acetate extract from 70%ethanol extract from S.chinensis fruit stalk were separated,purified,and identified by liquid chromatography methods(silica gel,ODS,HPLC)and extensive spectroscopic analyses(NMR,IR,UV,MS,CD).Results:Two new nortriterpenoids,schilancitrilactone M and 25-hydroxyl schindilactone D(1 and 2),along with ten known nortriterpenoids(3-12)were isolated from the fruit stalk of S.chinensis.The isolated compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activities against MGC-803 cells,and the results showed that compounds 6-8 possessed significant activities with IC50 of 9.01,11.77,and 2.74μmol/L,respectively.Conclusion:Twelve nortriterpenoids including two new compounds were isolated from the fruit stalk of S.chinensis for the first time.Among them,compounds 6-8 showed significant anti-gastric cancer activities.We postulated that the fruit stalk of S.chinensis could be used as an anti-gastric cancer drug.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81960779,81760114,81660104,81860673)Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(2017GXNSFAA198218,2017GXNSFAA198326,2018GXNSFAA281040)。
文摘[Objectives]To observe the effects of polysaccharides from Dicliptera chinensis(L.)Nees.on the expression of TLR/NF-κB pathway related proteins in HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid,and to explore the possible mechanism of polysaccharides from D.chinensis(L.)Nees.in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).[Methods]HepG2 cells were induced with oleic acid to establish a non-alcoholic fatty liver cell model.After intervention with 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL of D.chinensis(L.)Nees.polysaccharides,the ALT and AST activity and TG and TC contents were detected with kits,and the changes in the expression of CDK5,TLR4,p-NF-κB and NF-κB were analyzed using Western-blotting.[Results]In the HepG2 cells induced with oleic acid,the ALT and AST activity increased significantly,the TG and TC contents increased significantly,and the expression levels of CDK5,TLR4 and p-NF-κB proteins up-regulated significantly.In the HepG2 cells intervened with D.chinensis(L.)Nees.polysaccharides,the activity of ALT and AST,the contents of TG and TC,and the expression levels of CDK5,TLR4 and p-NF-κB proteins all reduced significantly.[Conclusions]Polysaccharides from D.chinensis(L.)Nees.may interfere with NAFLD by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
基金Supported by Project of National Natural Science Foundation(81360685)Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Planning Project of Health and Family Planning Commission of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(GZBZ16-15)
文摘[Objectives] To study the acute toxicity,mutation,and feeding experiment of polysaccharides from Dicliptera chinensis( L.)Juss.,and assess its safety. [Methods]In accordance with Procedures for toxicological Assessment on Food Safety,acute toxicity to mice,micronucleus experiment for bone marrow cell in mice,sperm shape abnormality test in mice,and Ames experiment were carried out,and 30 d feeding experiment was detected for rats. [Results] when the maximum tolerance dose( MTD) of mice was higher than 20 g/kg,at polysaccharides from Dicliptera chinensis( L.) Juss. ≤10 g/kg,there was no statistical difference between the control group and mouse bone marrow cell micronucleus and sperm shape abnormality test group; Ames experiment indicated that the number of revertant colonies of different dose groups of polysaccharides from Dicliptera chinensis( L.) Juss. with and without S9 did not exceed two times of the blank control group; rat 30 d feeding experiment indicated that when polysaccharides from Dicliptera chinensis( L.) Juss. ≤ 3. 2 g/kg,rats grew and developed well,and there was no statistical difference with the control group in blood,multiple organ biochemical indicators and liver tissue. [Conclusions]Polysaccharides from Dicliptera chinensis( L.) Juss. are safe and non-toxic chemical compounds and can be used as health products or drugs.
基金Major Scientific Projects of Hebei North University(No.ZD1314)Innovation Fund Project of Graduate of Hebei Province(2015-203and 2016-288)
文摘Objective To determine the optimum extraction method and condition of poly-saccharides fromTrollius chinensis (TCP).Methods With the yield of TCP as index and water as solvent,reflux extraction,ultrasonic extraction and supercritical CO_2 extraction were employed to determine the efficient extraction method of TCP.Moreover,the conditions of reflux extraction were optimized by single factor test and orthogonal test.The content of polysaccharide was measured with phenol-sulfuric acid method.Results The data displayed that the crude polysaccharide(CPS)yield of regular reflux extraction was(11.7±0.12)%,superior to ultrasonic extraction and supercritical CO_2 extraction.The optimum conditions of reflux extraction were as follows:extraction temperature of 95℃,extraction time of 3hand the liquid-solid ratio of 20∶1.Under these conditions,the polysaccharide yield was (1.45±0.03)%,which was well in close agreement with the predicted value.Conclusion Regular reflux extraction was regarded as the optimal extraction method of TCP.The optimum conditions of reflux extraction were as follows:extraction temperature of 95℃,extraction time of 3hand the liquid-solid ratio of 20∶1.
基金Support Program for New Century Excellent Talents in the National Ministry of Education,No. NCET-04-0657Henan Project for cultivation of Innovation Talents in Colleges and Universities No.2004-23
文摘BACKGROUND:The most prominent characteristic of brain aging is decreased learning and memory ability.The functions of learning and memory are closely related to intracerebral acetylcholinesterase(AChE) and monoamine neurotransmitter activity.Previous studies have shown that Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide has an anti-aging effect. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide on AChE activity and monoamine neurotransmitter content,as well as learning and memory ability in a D-galactose-induced aging mouse brain model compared with the positive control drug Kangnaoling. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Completely randomized,controlled experiment based on neurobiochemistry was performed at the Pharmacological Laboratory,Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September to December 2003. MATERIALS:Schisandra chinensis was purchased from Henan Provincial Medicinal Company. Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide was obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. Kangnaoling pellets were provided by Liaoning Tianlong Pharmaceutical(batch No.20030804;state drug permit No.H21023095).A total of 50 six-week-old Kunming mice were randomly divided into five groups:blank control,model,Kangnaoling,high and low dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide groups,with 10 mice per group. METHODS:Mice in the blank control group were subcutaneously injected with 0.5 mL/20 g normal saline into the nape of the neck each day,while the remaining mice were subcutaneously injected with 5%D-galactose saline solution(0.5 mL/20 g) in the nape for 40 days to induce a brain aging model.On day 11,mice in the high and low dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide groups were intragastrically infused with 20 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide solution(0.2 mL/10 g),respectively.Mice from the Kangnaoling group were intragastrically infused with 35 mg/mL Kangnaoling suspension(0.2 ml/10 g),and the mice in the model group were intragastrically infused with the same volume of normal saline(0.2 mL/10 g) once per day for 30 consecutive days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Two hours after the final administration,pathohistological changes in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were observed using hematoxylin & eosin staining.AChE activity was detected using chromatometry.Monoamine neurotransmitter content was measured using fluorimetry.Learning and memory was measured using the step down test and darkness avoidance test. RESULTS:Both Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide and Kangnaoling improved pathological injury to the cerebral cortex and hippocampus in a mouse model of brain aging.Compared with the blank control group,AChE activity and content of norepinephrine(NA),dopamine(DA),and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) were significantly decreased in the model group(P<0.01).In contrast, AChE activity and NA,DA,and 5-HT levels significantly increased in the Kangnaoling and high dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide groups(P<0.01),while NA levels significantly increased in the low dosage Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide group(P<0.01).Drug treatment improved learning and memory abilities(P<0.01 or P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide significantly increased levels of central neurotransmitters and improved learning and memory in a mouse model of brain aging.The effects of Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide were equal to that of Kangnaoling pellets.
基金Fourth Chinese Materia Medica Resources Survey(Z135080000022)。
文摘Schisandra Chinensis Fructus(SCF)is the fruit of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill.,a perennial vine.It was first recorded in Shen Nong′s herbal classic and has a long application history.Studies have shown that SCF has anti-inflammatory,protective liver,antioxidant,antibacterial and other pharmacological effects.Ancient prescriptions are commonly used in the treatment of chronic diarrhea and other intestinal diseases and diabetes.Modern clinical pharmacology features of SCF polysaccharide(SCFP)in diabetes,liver diseases,enteritis and other aspects have achieved excellent results.Gut is an important digestive organ of human body,but intestinal diseases are varied,including Crohn′s disease,ulcerative colitis,intestinal flora imbalance,etc..It is a chronic and non-specific inflammatory disease.The disease is persisted for a long time and the incidence rate is expected to rise.Most of the symptoms are recurrent diarrhea,bloody stool and abdominal pain.It is considered by the World Health Organization as a refractory disease.At present,there is little possibility of complete cure,which is closely related to complex environmental factors,eating habits and heredity.In recent years,clinical studies have found that SCFP has a variety of pharmacological effects on intestinal protection.①Reduce inflammatory factors:intestinal mucositis is a common adverse reaction in patients with chemotherapy.The development of mucositis is related to pro-inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL^(-1)β,Interferon-γ(IFN-γ).SCFP can significantly reduce IL-6 TNF-α,IL^(-1)β,and IL-8,as well as the accumulation of T cells in the process of resisting apoptosis,reduce the inflammatory reaction and protect the damage to villi and crypts,improve the symptoms of small intestinal mucositis caused by weight loss and diarrhea.②Promote immunoglobulin A secretion:intestinal mucosal immunity is the first line of defense of the body′s immune system.Its main antibody is secretory immunoglobulin A,which can destroy and phagocytize microorganisms,bacteria and viruses.SCFP can improve intestinal immunity by increasing the number and activity of T lymphocytes,promoting the secretion of secretory immunoglobulin A,and affecting the activity of a variety of cytokines.③Regulation of intestinal flora:the flora in the intestine has the functions of auxiliary nutrient absorption,biological antagonism and immune regulation,and can form a natural barrier for the host's intestine.When the human intestinal flora is disordered,probiotics will be greatly reduced,harmful bacteria will proliferate and destroy the intestinal environment.Under these conditions,the intake of SCFP significantly increased the number of beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacillus,and significantly decreased the number of conditional pathogens such as enterococcus and escherichia coli,indicating that SCFP can indeed regulate the intestinal disorder caused by lincomycin hydrochloride to a certain extent. This may be because beneficial bacteria in the intestine metabolize polysaccharides produce short chain fatty acids such as lactic acid and acetic acid, which reduces the pH value in the intestine and inhibits the growth of enterococcus and Escherichia coli. In conclusion, SCFP can treat and protect intestinal diseases to a certain extent, which provides a favorable basis for the treatment of intestinal diseases.
文摘Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. is a deciduous woody vine, and belongs to the Schisandraceae family. This species is a horticultural plant with edible fruit. It is used medicinally and for making rope. It is distributed in Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol,
基金Supported by National Basic Research Program of China(2004CB11750-5)
文摘The determination method of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Schisandra chinensis was improved with the high performance liquid chromagraphy(HPLC).The sample was extracted exceedingly in the critical limit of CO 2 .The retention time of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B was reduced,with methano/water(75:25)as mobile phase.The wavelength for detection was 254 nm. The R2 of standard curve was 0.9998 and the relative standard deviation was 2.31%and 3.17%with the recovery of 96.45%and 97.37%,respectively.The result shows that the rate of veracity of this method is higher and it proves that the determination method of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Schisandra chinensis is a feasible method.
基金supported by National Science and Technology Major Project(2016ZX09J161042012ZX09301003-002-001)
文摘OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacokinetics change of schisandra chinensis under the pathological condition of liver dysfunction for safe and rational use of herbal medicines.METHODS The metabolism of four effective lignans from schisandra chinensis(SC),schisandrin,schisantherin A,deoxyshisandrin and γ-schisandrin was studied using microsomes from patients with advanced hepato.cellular carcinoma.In situ intestinal and hepatic perfusions were conducted to clarify the contributions from impairments of gut and liver on the pharmacokinetics of the four schisandra lignans in CCl4-intoxi.cated rats.The metabolism in rat and human liver microsomes and transport in Caco-2 monolayer cell model were studied to reveal the key factors for the in vivo disposition of the four lignans.RESULTS When SC alcoholic extract was orally administrated to CCl4-intoxicated rat for a short term(4 d),the pharmacokinetics of four active SC lignans was significantly changed while its hepatoprotective effect was not obviously observed.The plasma concentrations of the four schisandra lignans were dramatical.ly elevated compared with the control.The Cmax,AUC and MRT were all increased or prolonged signif.icantly while parameter CLz/F was obviously reduced in rat pretreated with CCl4.In hepatic perfusion study and liver microsomes incubation,it was found that the hepatic metabolism of the four lignans was markedly decreased mainly due to the activity reduction of multiple CYP450 isoenzymes involved the metabolism,which,eventually,might lead to the alternation of their pharmacokinetic profiles in CCl4-intoxicated rats or patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.CONCLUSION The pharmacoki.netic studies of SC components in pathological situation of liver dysfunction are expected to provide useful data for rational and safe application of SC preparations in clinic or further pharmacological and toxicological research.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81960779,82160811)Project for Degree and Graduate Education Reform in Guangxi(JGY2022215)。
文摘[Objectives]Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)rat model was established by feeding high-fat and high-sugar fodder to rats,and the protective effect of Dicliptera chinensis polysaccharide(DCP)on NAFLD rats was studied to explore its potential mechanism.[Methods]45 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:normal control group,model control group and DCP treatment groups(100 and 300 mg/kg).The rats in the normal control group were fed with ordinary fodder,and the rats in other groups were fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet for 14 weeks to establish NAFLD model.From the 9^(th)week,the rats in the DCP treatment groups were given different doses of DCP by intragastric administration(5 mL/kg)for 6 weeks.After the last intragastric administration,the rats fasted for 16 h,and the serum and liver of rats were collected for detection.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was conducted to observe the histopathological changes of rat liver,and alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),malondialdehyde(MDA),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were detected by biochemical method.Interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)and micrornA-141(micro RNA-141)were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The expression of SIRT1 and adenosine 5'-monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK)in rat liver was detected by western blot.[Results]Compared with the model control group,the inflammatory damage and steatodegeneration of rats in the DCP groups were relieved to varying degrees,and the number of lipid vacuoles significantly reduced.The ALT,AST,TC,TG and LDL-C content in the serum and MDA content in the liver tissue decreased to varying degrees,while the HDL-C,SOD and GSH-Px content increased.The expression of SIRT1 and AMPK increased,while the expression of miR-141,TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1βdeclined,and the DCP 300 mg/kg treatment group had better improvement effect.[Conclusions]DCP had a certain protective effect on NAFLD rats,which may be related to the regulation of miR-141/AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway.
