Background:Proprioceptive accuracy refers to the individual’s ability to perceive proprioceptive information,that is,the information referring to the actual state of the locomotor system,which originates from mechano...Background:Proprioceptive accuracy refers to the individual’s ability to perceive proprioceptive information,that is,the information referring to the actual state of the locomotor system,which originates from mechanoreceptors located in various parts of the locomotor system and from tactile receptors located in the skin.Proprioceptive accuracy appears to be an important aspect in the evaluation of sensorimotor functioning;however,no widely accepted standard assessment exists.In this systematic review,our goal was to identify and categorize different methods that are used to assess different aspects of proprioceptive accuracy.Methods:A literature search was conducted in 5 different databases(PubMed,SPORTDiscus,PsycINFO,ScienceDirect,and SpringerLink).Results:Overall,1139 scientific papers reporting 1346 methods were included in this review.The methods assess 8 different aspects of proprioception:(a)the perception of joint position,(b)movement and movement extent,(c)trajectory,(d)velocity,and the sense of(e)force,(f)muscle tension,(g)weight,and(h)size.They apply various paradigms of psychophysics(i.e.,the method of adjustment,constant stimuli,and limits).Conclusion:As the outcomes of different tasks with respect to various body parts show no associations(i.e.,proprioceptive accuracy is characterized by site-specificity and method-specificity),the appropriate measurement method for the task needs to be chosen based on theoretical considerations and/or ecological validity.展开更多
AIM To investigate proprioceptive discrepancies in the lower extremity in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 46 older persons were divided into a T2DM group(...AIM To investigate proprioceptive discrepancies in the lower extremity in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 46 older persons were divided into a T2DM group(n = 23) and a control group who did not have T2 DM(n = 23). Participants were given a brief warm up with stretching exercises. Diabetic neuropathy scores were collected prior to proprioceptive testing. For proprioceptive testing, participants performed leg extensions to randomized target positions of 15°, 30°, 45, 60° degrees of elevation in the sagittal plane, each target was repeated a total of four times. Subjects were guided to target positions in the absence of visual feedback via auditory cues from a custom JPS application. When the participant entered the target position, they memorized the location of their limb in space and subsequently attempted to relocate this position in space. Proprioceptive errors were measured from the target positioned, target remembered, target repositioned protocol. RESULTS Proprioceptive accuracy was lower in the diabetic groupat all levels of target angle than the control group(P < 0.05). The diabetic group had 46% greater inaccuracy than the control group at all levels of target position. Diabetics also reported greater neuropathy scores than controls in the past 12 mo P < 0.01. CONCLUSION Deficits in lower limb localization and greater diabetic neuropathy scores were identified in this study. Our findings may be associated with deafferentation as peripheral neuropathy is a common complication with the disease. These findings may help to explain the declining balance function in the older persons with T2DM which is also commonly reported.展开更多
Neural pathways and synaptic connections from the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Vme) neurons to the cranial motor nuclei were studied in the rat using double labelling methodologies of intracellular Neurobiotin st...Neural pathways and synaptic connections from the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Vme) neurons to the cranial motor nuclei were studied in the rat using double labelling methodologies of intracellular Neurobiotin staining combined with retrograde horseradish peroxidase (HRP) transport, anterograde biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) tracing combined with retrograde HRP transport, and a dual fluorescent labelling of BDA anterograde combined tracing with Cholera Toxin B (CTB) retrograde transport. Direct projections and synapses were demonstrated from Vme neuronal boutons to motoneurons (MNs) of the trigeminal motor nucleus (Vmo), the hypoglossal nucleus (XII) and the ambiguus nucleus (Amb). Indirect projections and pathways from Vme neurons to the cranial motor nuclei including Vmo, XII, the facial nucleus (VII) and the cervical spinal cord (C 1～5 ) were seen to relay on their premotor neurons. The premotor neurons of above cranial motor nuclei were overlapped in bilateral premotor neuronal pool including the parvocellular reticular formation (PCRt) and its alpha division (PCRtA), the dorsomedial part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus oralis (Vodm), and interpolaris (Vidm), the medullary reticular nucleus dorsal division (MdD), the supratrigeminal region (Vsup) and the dorsomedial part of the principal trigeminal sensory nucleus (Vpdm). Synapses between Vme neuronal boutons and Vmo and XII MNs and XII premotor neurons were predominantly asymmetric. There were four types of synaptic organizations, i.e. synaptic convergence; synaptic divergence presynaptic inhibition and afferent feedforward inhibition seen between Vme boutons and Vmo, XII MNs and between Vme boutons and XII premotor neurons. The results of present studies have demonstrated direct pathways from the trigeminal proprioceptive afferents to Vmo, XII and Amb MNs, and indirect pathways from the trigeminal proprioceptive afferents to bilateral Vmo, XII, VII and C 1～5 via their premotor neurons. It provides neuroanatomical network to elucidate trigeminal proprioceptive afferents coordinate oral motor behaviors.展开更多
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Ankle sprains occur in many sports, and can significantly limit an athlete′s performance. While balance training is thought to prevent or treat ankle sprains, the effects of proprioception tr...BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Ankle sprains occur in many sports, and can significantly limit an athlete′s performance. While balance training is thought to prevent or treat ankle sprains, the effects of proprioception training are less clear. This literature review and meta-analysis was designed to better understand the effects of proprioceptive training on the risk of ankle sprain. METHODS A literature review was completed for studies of adults, evaluating the effects of proprioception using balance training, as compared with a control condition, on the incidence of ankle sprain. Of the 1,073 studies found in the database, 12 were chosen for the meta-analysis, including 1,722 subjects. RESULTS In the meta-analysis, compared to the control condition, balance training resulted in a 38% reduction in the incidence of ankle sprain. Among the studies that examined dynamic neuromuscular control, balance training with proprioceptive training increased the distance reached in the anterior (P=0.01), posterolateral (P=0.0008) and posteromedial (P=0.006) excursion balance tests. CONCLUSION This literature review and meta-analysis supports the conclusion that balance training with proprioceptive training can significantly reduce the risk of ankle sprain and increase balance and joint position sense.展开更多
背景:足踝本体感觉的研究对于慢性踝关节不稳、老年疾病的康复治疗以及身体姿势控制、运动表现的提高至关重要。前期的相关研究经常把足部和踝关节的感觉评价分开研究,对全面且综合地了解其感觉功能存在一定的局限。目的:足踝复合体是...背景:足踝本体感觉的研究对于慢性踝关节不稳、老年疾病的康复治疗以及身体姿势控制、运动表现的提高至关重要。前期的相关研究经常把足部和踝关节的感觉评价分开研究,对全面且综合地了解其感觉功能存在一定的局限。目的:足踝复合体是唯一与支撑面直接接触的部位,在收集体感反馈和调节平衡控制中起重要作用。文章通过汇总现有关于足部和踝关节本体感觉的调查研究,梳理足踝复合体感觉的测量与评价方法,以期为日后的相关研究做出铺垫并提供理论依据。方法:中文检索词为“(足OR足踝关节OR踝关节)AND(感觉OR本体感觉)”、英文检索词为“(foot OR ankle)AND(feel OR proprioception)”,在Web of Science、PubMed和中国知网数据库检索相关文献,了解关于足踝基本概念、研究现状与范畴,总结并评价足踝的本体感觉评价方法,最终纳入57篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①足踝复合体感觉的评价主要分为对足部的感觉评价和踝关节的本体感觉评价。②足部的感觉评价主要描述其皮肤的感觉以及干预条件下的感觉反馈,方法主要包括:压力感觉阈值测试、足(底侧和跖侧)两点辨别能力测试、皮肤振动感觉持续时间测试。③踝关节本体感觉评价着重描述关节位置、运动范围、力值及功能表现,方法主要分为静态的关节角度重置测试、运动最小阈值测试、力觉重现测试以及动静态的平衡、速度及行走能力的测试。④对量化结果的报道一般以“误差”来表示,根据报道的需要一般分为:绝对误差、相对误差和恒定误差等。⑤结果证实,足踝复合体具备特殊的感觉能力,包括足部感觉和踝关节的本体感觉,影响人类的生活质量以及运动表现;足部感觉与踝关节本体感觉的弱化均与人体平衡能力下降相关,二者联合测量可以全面有效地评价足踝功能;根据不同的研究需求,需要选择足部与踝关节的感觉测量方法的组合形式,并充分考虑环境、情绪以及报道方式等多种影响因素,提高测量与评价的有效性。展开更多
基金supported by the UNKP-20-3 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology from the source of the National Research,Development and Innovation Fund(úNKP-20-3-Ⅱ-ELTE-163)supported by the Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek—Vlaanderen(FWO)Research Foundation Flanders(11M2622N)the Special Research Fund(Het Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds,BOF)of Hasselt University(BOF19KP08)。
文摘Background:Proprioceptive accuracy refers to the individual’s ability to perceive proprioceptive information,that is,the information referring to the actual state of the locomotor system,which originates from mechanoreceptors located in various parts of the locomotor system and from tactile receptors located in the skin.Proprioceptive accuracy appears to be an important aspect in the evaluation of sensorimotor functioning;however,no widely accepted standard assessment exists.In this systematic review,our goal was to identify and categorize different methods that are used to assess different aspects of proprioceptive accuracy.Methods:A literature search was conducted in 5 different databases(PubMed,SPORTDiscus,PsycINFO,ScienceDirect,and SpringerLink).Results:Overall,1139 scientific papers reporting 1346 methods were included in this review.The methods assess 8 different aspects of proprioception:(a)the perception of joint position,(b)movement and movement extent,(c)trajectory,(d)velocity,and the sense of(e)force,(f)muscle tension,(g)weight,and(h)size.They apply various paradigms of psychophysics(i.e.,the method of adjustment,constant stimuli,and limits).Conclusion:As the outcomes of different tasks with respect to various body parts show no associations(i.e.,proprioceptive accuracy is characterized by site-specificity and method-specificity),the appropriate measurement method for the task needs to be chosen based on theoretical considerations and/or ecological validity.
基金Supported by The Willamette University Mary Stuart Rogers Science Collaborative Research Program Endowment
文摘AIM To investigate proprioceptive discrepancies in the lower extremity in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 46 older persons were divided into a T2DM group(n = 23) and a control group who did not have T2 DM(n = 23). Participants were given a brief warm up with stretching exercises. Diabetic neuropathy scores were collected prior to proprioceptive testing. For proprioceptive testing, participants performed leg extensions to randomized target positions of 15°, 30°, 45, 60° degrees of elevation in the sagittal plane, each target was repeated a total of four times. Subjects were guided to target positions in the absence of visual feedback via auditory cues from a custom JPS application. When the participant entered the target position, they memorized the location of their limb in space and subsequently attempted to relocate this position in space. Proprioceptive errors were measured from the target positioned, target remembered, target repositioned protocol. RESULTS Proprioceptive accuracy was lower in the diabetic groupat all levels of target angle than the control group(P < 0.05). The diabetic group had 46% greater inaccuracy than the control group at all levels of target position. Diabetics also reported greater neuropathy scores than controls in the past 12 mo P < 0.01. CONCLUSION Deficits in lower limb localization and greater diabetic neuropathy scores were identified in this study. Our findings may be associated with deafferentation as peripheral neuropathy is a common complication with the disease. These findings may help to explain the declining balance function in the older persons with T2DM which is also commonly reported.
文摘Neural pathways and synaptic connections from the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Vme) neurons to the cranial motor nuclei were studied in the rat using double labelling methodologies of intracellular Neurobiotin staining combined with retrograde horseradish peroxidase (HRP) transport, anterograde biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) tracing combined with retrograde HRP transport, and a dual fluorescent labelling of BDA anterograde combined tracing with Cholera Toxin B (CTB) retrograde transport. Direct projections and synapses were demonstrated from Vme neuronal boutons to motoneurons (MNs) of the trigeminal motor nucleus (Vmo), the hypoglossal nucleus (XII) and the ambiguus nucleus (Amb). Indirect projections and pathways from Vme neurons to the cranial motor nuclei including Vmo, XII, the facial nucleus (VII) and the cervical spinal cord (C 1～5 ) were seen to relay on their premotor neurons. The premotor neurons of above cranial motor nuclei were overlapped in bilateral premotor neuronal pool including the parvocellular reticular formation (PCRt) and its alpha division (PCRtA), the dorsomedial part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus oralis (Vodm), and interpolaris (Vidm), the medullary reticular nucleus dorsal division (MdD), the supratrigeminal region (Vsup) and the dorsomedial part of the principal trigeminal sensory nucleus (Vpdm). Synapses between Vme neuronal boutons and Vmo and XII MNs and XII premotor neurons were predominantly asymmetric. There were four types of synaptic organizations, i.e. synaptic convergence; synaptic divergence presynaptic inhibition and afferent feedforward inhibition seen between Vme boutons and Vmo, XII MNs and between Vme boutons and XII premotor neurons. The results of present studies have demonstrated direct pathways from the trigeminal proprioceptive afferents to Vmo, XII and Amb MNs, and indirect pathways from the trigeminal proprioceptive afferents to bilateral Vmo, XII, VII and C 1～5 via their premotor neurons. It provides neuroanatomical network to elucidate trigeminal proprioceptive afferents coordinate oral motor behaviors.
文摘BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Ankle sprains occur in many sports, and can significantly limit an athlete′s performance. While balance training is thought to prevent or treat ankle sprains, the effects of proprioception training are less clear. This literature review and meta-analysis was designed to better understand the effects of proprioceptive training on the risk of ankle sprain. METHODS A literature review was completed for studies of adults, evaluating the effects of proprioception using balance training, as compared with a control condition, on the incidence of ankle sprain. Of the 1,073 studies found in the database, 12 were chosen for the meta-analysis, including 1,722 subjects. RESULTS In the meta-analysis, compared to the control condition, balance training resulted in a 38% reduction in the incidence of ankle sprain. Among the studies that examined dynamic neuromuscular control, balance training with proprioceptive training increased the distance reached in the anterior (P=0.01), posterolateral (P=0.0008) and posteromedial (P=0.006) excursion balance tests. CONCLUSION This literature review and meta-analysis supports the conclusion that balance training with proprioceptive training can significantly reduce the risk of ankle sprain and increase balance and joint position sense.
文摘背景:足踝本体感觉的研究对于慢性踝关节不稳、老年疾病的康复治疗以及身体姿势控制、运动表现的提高至关重要。前期的相关研究经常把足部和踝关节的感觉评价分开研究,对全面且综合地了解其感觉功能存在一定的局限。目的:足踝复合体是唯一与支撑面直接接触的部位,在收集体感反馈和调节平衡控制中起重要作用。文章通过汇总现有关于足部和踝关节本体感觉的调查研究,梳理足踝复合体感觉的测量与评价方法,以期为日后的相关研究做出铺垫并提供理论依据。方法:中文检索词为“(足OR足踝关节OR踝关节)AND(感觉OR本体感觉)”、英文检索词为“(foot OR ankle)AND(feel OR proprioception)”,在Web of Science、PubMed和中国知网数据库检索相关文献,了解关于足踝基本概念、研究现状与范畴,总结并评价足踝的本体感觉评价方法,最终纳入57篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①足踝复合体感觉的评价主要分为对足部的感觉评价和踝关节的本体感觉评价。②足部的感觉评价主要描述其皮肤的感觉以及干预条件下的感觉反馈,方法主要包括:压力感觉阈值测试、足(底侧和跖侧)两点辨别能力测试、皮肤振动感觉持续时间测试。③踝关节本体感觉评价着重描述关节位置、运动范围、力值及功能表现,方法主要分为静态的关节角度重置测试、运动最小阈值测试、力觉重现测试以及动静态的平衡、速度及行走能力的测试。④对量化结果的报道一般以“误差”来表示,根据报道的需要一般分为:绝对误差、相对误差和恒定误差等。⑤结果证实,足踝复合体具备特殊的感觉能力,包括足部感觉和踝关节的本体感觉,影响人类的生活质量以及运动表现;足部感觉与踝关节本体感觉的弱化均与人体平衡能力下降相关,二者联合测量可以全面有效地评价足踝功能;根据不同的研究需求,需要选择足部与踝关节的感觉测量方法的组合形式,并充分考虑环境、情绪以及报道方式等多种影响因素,提高测量与评价的有效性。
