Michel Foucault in Security, Territory, Population: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1977-1978 argues, that there has never been such a thing as an anti-pastoral revolution in Western societies. Yes, we have ha...Michel Foucault in Security, Territory, Population: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1977-1978 argues, that there has never been such a thing as an anti-pastoral revolution in Western societies. Yes, we have had revolutions against the disciplinary apparatus and legal devices of power (schools, hospitals, prisons) and we have had examples of revolutions against the economic foundations of social inequality, but there has never been a genuine revolution against pastoral power as a power relating to the conduct of individuals (but also entire social groups) and their disposition to “voluntary submission” to the will of external authorities. In my paper, I would like to reflect on this thesis, and taking it quite seriously, to look for examples of such revolutions. One of them is a women’s strike in Poland during the power of the conservative government of “Law and Justice”. Mainly referring to the texts of Silvia Federici and Paul Preciado, I will want to reflect on contemporary practices of reclaiming the body in contemporary capitalism. I will defend the thesis that regaining control over sexuality and reproduction means changing the material conditions of life and modern reproductive technologies.展开更多
A large-scale wave of mass protests broke out in fifteen Latin American countries during 2019.Some protests led to the resignation of the president and the collapse of the government.Others caused social unrest and bl...A large-scale wave of mass protests broke out in fifteen Latin American countries during 2019.Some protests led to the resignation of the president and the collapse of the government.Others caused social unrest and bloody conflicts.Some protests led to a national"curfew",and the government was forced to cancel major international conferences.For a time,over ten countries were engaged in turbulent and chaotic activities.Accordingly,the 2019 Latin American protests were also dubbed"Latin America’s Turmoil"by the international media.The scale,scope and impact of the protests have been rarely seen over the last forty years.They constituted part of the global chaos of 2019.The cause was not only the anxious response of the Latin American countries facing global changes not seen for a century,but also a concentrated outbreak of political,economic and social contradictions that has been accumulating in certain Latin American countries over a long period of time.Facing unprecedented global change over a century,the Latin American countries will be able to usher in the"Latin American Spring"only if they carry out profound reform with great courage,and achieve significant progress in their political systems,economic structures,and social security systems.展开更多
The rise in consumers complains against their service/tech providers has empowered government of various nations to set up Consumer Complaint Commissions. Some corporate organizations who wish to handle the complaints...The rise in consumers complains against their service/tech providers has empowered government of various nations to set up Consumer Complaint Commissions. Some corporate organizations who wish to handle the complaints of their customers usually set up an in-house/internal customer care centres, a platform through which they attend to their customers’ needs. This research therefore is interested in exploring the reasons for user-protests among the mobile telecommunication subscribers in Ebonyi State, Nigeria against their network service providers. To arrive at this, we designed a research questionnaire to capture the experiences of the subscribers of the 4 major mobile telecommunication network service provider companies operating in the state. The participants were recruited through physical administration of research instrument and social media such as facebook, whatsapp and email platforms with a total of 72 participants feedbacks received. The users responses on the various issues raised on our questionnaire were thematically analyzed and represented using adequate data presentation tools. Our results proved that there are growing numbers of disgruntled customers among subscribers of the various network providers. From our survey, we gathered that 81.90% of the respondents have engaged in protest use at one point or the other against their service providers with MTN network topping the list with 36.50%, followed by GLO network 27%, Airtel network 23.80% and 9 Mobile 12.70%. Finally, we proposed a design prototype named “<strong><em>Komplain</em></strong>” that will serve as rallying system for the protest users to use and prosecute their actions. The system can also recommend actions which the protesters may undertake.展开更多
The recent violent attacks by Islamic fundamentalists on the American embassy in Cairo and on the American Consulate in Benghazi, Libya, were stark reminders of the nature of the conflict spinning off anti-American se...The recent violent attacks by Islamic fundamentalists on the American embassy in Cairo and on the American Consulate in Benghazi, Libya, were stark reminders of the nature of the conflict spinning off anti-American sentiment in the Middle east and North Africa. The attacks left the U.S. Ambassador to Libya Chris Stevens and three other U.S. consulate staff dead. The violence was sparked by a short video made in the United States, of which展开更多
Critical discourse methodology is an extremely significant and meaningful branch of systemic functional linguistics which pays more attentions in the formation,diffusion,and acceptability of acertain discourse,and als...Critical discourse methodology is an extremely significant and meaningful branch of systemic functional linguistics which pays more attentions in the formation,diffusion,and acceptability of acertain discourse,and also the investigation on social background;meanwhile it is always used to discuss and pin down those familiar perceptions and ideologies that have been overlooked by the public so that new re-examination can be carried out to dig out some other attractive points.In this paper some basic theoretical basis and methodologies will be explained and then,by applying the critical discourse analysis,the slogans in the protests from Minneapolis to the whole America.Racial discrimination has invariably been a severe social problem for more two centuries in the U.S.A.After the Emancipation Proclamation by Abraham Lincoln,157 years has passed;however this kind of serious social issue still haunts among every American people.Countless protests have happened in the development of America;thus by analyzing the different types of slogans in this recent protest,novel discovery and meaningful retrospect would emerge.展开更多
On Feb 13 morning,the officers arrived by the bus load,carrying long guns,ready to oust the last few protesters blocking the roads leading to the Ambassador Bridge.A week-long stalemate was about to come to an end.Abo...On Feb 13 morning,the officers arrived by the bus load,carrying long guns,ready to oust the last few protesters blocking the roads leading to the Ambassador Bridge.A week-long stalemate was about to come to an end.About 100 vehicles had been parked along a 2km stretch of the road for days on end.There were pickups,SUVs and even a dog-grooming van,festooned with Canadian flags,anti-vaccination slogans and anti-Trudeau epithets,as well as some heavy commercial trucks.The Freedom Convoy,as it’s been called,began as a protest against a mandate requiring truckers who cross the US-Canada border to be vaccinated against Covid.展开更多
Koizumi's latest visit to the Yasukuni Shrine predictably triggers a diplomatic uproar On August 15, the anniversary of Japan's defeat in World War II, Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi again paid homa...Koizumi's latest visit to the Yasukuni Shrine predictably triggers a diplomatic uproar On August 15, the anniversary of Japan's defeat in World War II, Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi again paid homage at the Yasukuni Shrine, which honors Japan's war dead, including class-A war criminals, immediately provoking a diplomatic furor.展开更多
This article examines the discursive strategies employed to negotiate power and ideology in President Buhari’s speech on the#EndSARS Protests in Nigeria.The data for the study comprises President Muhammadu Buhari’s ...This article examines the discursive strategies employed to negotiate power and ideology in President Buhari’s speech on the#EndSARS Protests in Nigeria.The data for the study comprises President Muhammadu Buhari’s speech on the#EndSARS protests.The speech was analysed using both Systemic Functional Linguistics and Critical Discourse Analysis,and a discussion of how transitivity patterns and modality choices explain the representation of power,ideology and dominance in the speech followed.The findings of the study show that the transitivity and modality systems used by the president revealed his disposition toward the participants involved in the protests,and his perception of himself in relation to the others:whether they take an active or passive role in the discourse.The paper concludes that transitivity patterns and modality structures can be used to highlight social actors who on the surface appear common and natural,when they essentially perpetuate inequality and injustice.展开更多
This paper makes comments on conflicts in a micro-story of 527 words,The Ray,written by American writer Ron Milner.The story,from a unique perspective of narration,attracts and strikes the reader as a loud protest ami...This paper makes comments on conflicts in a micro-story of 527 words,The Ray,written by American writer Ron Milner.The story,from a unique perspective of narration,attracts and strikes the reader as a loud protest amidst silence,against human beings' self-destructive abuse of nuclear technology and craziness of arms races during the cold war.The paper,from the historical,cultural,and religious contexts,presents an analysis of the hero's death and of the message the reader can draw from the story.展开更多
The paper focuses on an understudied aspect of the Belarusian identity.The special attention is paid to the key role of patterns in a collective consciousness,which determine the direction of human behavior and furthe...The paper focuses on an understudied aspect of the Belarusian identity.The special attention is paid to the key role of patterns in a collective consciousness,which determine the direction of human behavior and further development.Some typical mental stereotypes of modern Belarusians are analyzed in the context of Post-Soviet worldview.The paper emphasizes that the Belarusian society needs to define a clear basis of national idea,language,symbols,values,and traditions.This sphere becomes the place of power struggle today.The current colonial expansion by more powerful states is going now on more refined scheme than the previous primitive armed intervention,namely through cultural expansion and economic dependence of neighboring weaker countries.Interrelations between Russia and Belarus today are a vivid example.It is necessary to understand that the“Russian World”,that Kremlin’s propaganda offers to modern neighboring nations,will hold only a dictatorship,militarism,repression,and suppression of freedom.Today this is the main challenge not only for Belarusian identity but for its independence as well.展开更多
As a sociologist and political economist who profoundly influenced social theory,social research,and the discipline of sociology itself,Max Weber is typically cited as one of the three principal architects of modern s...As a sociologist and political economist who profoundly influenced social theory,social research,and the discipline of sociology itself,Max Weber is typically cited as one of the three principal architects of modern social science.His masterpiece,The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism is considered as a founding text in economic sociology and sociology.The Protestant work ethic was a force behind an unplanned and uncoordinated mass action that influenced the development of capitalism,and the shaping of the spirit of capitalism in western world is an unexpected outcome of the Protestant ethic.展开更多
This research examines how the anti-globalization movementI （AGM） is portrayed in the mainstream print media. The study focuses on anti-globalization protest events over a period of seven years following the 1999 Se...This research examines how the anti-globalization movementI （AGM） is portrayed in the mainstream print media. The study focuses on anti-globalization protest events over a period of seven years following the 1999 Seattle protest, and covers all major protests until the end of 2006. Framing is used to explore how bias is instituted in media texts and whether this pattern is consistent across the corpus. Results of this study reveal that the framing strategies of journalists regarding AGM protests all revolve around two forms of memory-based framing tools： explicit and implicit. Explicit memory-based framing strategies refer to the coverage of previous events whereas implicit strategies involve the use of repeated connotations and metaphors applied consistently over the years, recalling previous insinuations made by a biased media system.展开更多
Due to Reformation movement in the 16th century,Protestantism came into being.Lutheranism,Calvinism and Puritanism rationalized and justified worldly economic activity.The Protestant asceticism was considered favorabl...Due to Reformation movement in the 16th century,Protestantism came into being.Lutheranism,Calvinism and Puritanism rationalized and justified worldly economic activity.The Protestant asceticism was considered favorable to the development of capitalistic economy.Religious reform was in a certain degree beneficial to the development of capitalism.This thesis mainly discusses the influence of Reformation upon the development of capitalism.展开更多
The phenomenon of recurrent revolution in the post-Soviet political space deserves a new examination,as the Year 2019 marks not only 30 years since the chain of revolutions in Eastern Europe,but also the first anniver...The phenomenon of recurrent revolution in the post-Soviet political space deserves a new examination,as the Year 2019 marks not only 30 years since the chain of revolutions in Eastern Europe,but also the first anniversary of the revolution in Armenia.There are scant reasons to expect that economic underperformance or even a sharp spasm of crisis would bring any of the seven unmistakably authoritarian post-Soviet regimes to an abrupt end,but the deepening resentment against corruption could produce a powerful demand for change in the course of elections,which theses regimes feel obliged to stage.Manipulations of elections are the most common trigger for revolutions,but the big question of whether such explosions of social energy could deliver on the demand for change is set to remain open.展开更多
Moscow-based Feminist Punk performers Pussy Riot challenged the millennial patriarchal Russian State-Church Religio-Political control on freedom in arts and suppression of women. Woman is still the other of this Churc...Moscow-based Feminist Punk performers Pussy Riot challenged the millennial patriarchal Russian State-Church Religio-Political control on freedom in arts and suppression of women. Woman is still the other of this Church-State totalism, outside. The event is extremely small but the symbolism enormous of an intrinsic lack and its insane compensations. Philosopher Zi^ek sees the significance of what Pussy Riot represent for contemporary global capitalism, represented by the American dollar and Wall Street. Performer Madonna sees the difference between America, where she has been able to express herself and says that anyone can, and other parts of the world, namely Russia, where this is not possible. Although Edward Snowdon found sanctuary in Russia from America, so perhaps Zizek is right.展开更多
2013 was a year full of trauma and fury for many people in Taiwan. The death of Hung Chung-Chiu, along with a series of events, including the Referendum of Lungmen Nuclear Power Plant and Dapu Incident, triggered the ...2013 was a year full of trauma and fury for many people in Taiwan. The death of Hung Chung-Chiu, along with a series of events, including the Referendum of Lungmen Nuclear Power Plant and Dapu Incident, triggered the White Shirt Movement led by Citizen 1985. The movement, as the local harbinger of Internet-organized demonstration, performed a novel form of citizen activity, teasing out a protesting guerrilla that tactically networked disempowered and dispossessed subjects. The guerrilla utilized local mediascapes in reacting to official force with its flowing tactics, which signify the ceaseless negotiation, battle, and play between government and citizens. Extending Sue-Ellen Case＇s notion of horizontal practice of politics and the performative, this paper focuses on the various theatrical elements used in its activities, including environmental theater and social networking, in order to delineate the traumatic imaginaries and flowing tactics embodied by the White Shirt Movement. Working within and against one another, imaginaries and tactics travel back and forth between physical and virtual spaces, constituting the mobility and structure of contemporary protest events.展开更多
Known as a representative of the English metaphysical poets, John Donne＇s poems are under Protestant pretence. Scepticism, cynicism, anxiety and penitence as well as the employment of numerous religious images constr...Known as a representative of the English metaphysical poets, John Donne＇s poems are under Protestant pretence. Scepticism, cynicism, anxiety and penitence as well as the employment of numerous religious images construct the unique and profound characteristics of John Donne＇s poetry. The paper focuses on the Protestant pretence in Donne＇s poetry. In order to avoid religious persecution and to realize his ambition, Donne deserted Catholicism and converted into a Protestant. Inner conflicts and struggle are revealed in many of his poems. Scepticism and penitence are also embodiments of Donne＇s Protestant pretence in poetry.展开更多
文摘Michel Foucault in Security, Territory, Population: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1977-1978 argues, that there has never been such a thing as an anti-pastoral revolution in Western societies. Yes, we have had revolutions against the disciplinary apparatus and legal devices of power (schools, hospitals, prisons) and we have had examples of revolutions against the economic foundations of social inequality, but there has never been a genuine revolution against pastoral power as a power relating to the conduct of individuals (but also entire social groups) and their disposition to “voluntary submission” to the will of external authorities. In my paper, I would like to reflect on this thesis, and taking it quite seriously, to look for examples of such revolutions. One of them is a women’s strike in Poland during the power of the conservative government of “Law and Justice”. Mainly referring to the texts of Silvia Federici and Paul Preciado, I will want to reflect on contemporary practices of reclaiming the body in contemporary capitalism. I will defend the thesis that regaining control over sexuality and reproduction means changing the material conditions of life and modern reproductive technologies.
文摘A large-scale wave of mass protests broke out in fifteen Latin American countries during 2019.Some protests led to the resignation of the president and the collapse of the government.Others caused social unrest and bloody conflicts.Some protests led to a national"curfew",and the government was forced to cancel major international conferences.For a time,over ten countries were engaged in turbulent and chaotic activities.Accordingly,the 2019 Latin American protests were also dubbed"Latin America’s Turmoil"by the international media.The scale,scope and impact of the protests have been rarely seen over the last forty years.They constituted part of the global chaos of 2019.The cause was not only the anxious response of the Latin American countries facing global changes not seen for a century,but also a concentrated outbreak of political,economic and social contradictions that has been accumulating in certain Latin American countries over a long period of time.Facing unprecedented global change over a century,the Latin American countries will be able to usher in the"Latin American Spring"only if they carry out profound reform with great courage,and achieve significant progress in their political systems,economic structures,and social security systems.
文摘The rise in consumers complains against their service/tech providers has empowered government of various nations to set up Consumer Complaint Commissions. Some corporate organizations who wish to handle the complaints of their customers usually set up an in-house/internal customer care centres, a platform through which they attend to their customers’ needs. This research therefore is interested in exploring the reasons for user-protests among the mobile telecommunication subscribers in Ebonyi State, Nigeria against their network service providers. To arrive at this, we designed a research questionnaire to capture the experiences of the subscribers of the 4 major mobile telecommunication network service provider companies operating in the state. The participants were recruited through physical administration of research instrument and social media such as facebook, whatsapp and email platforms with a total of 72 participants feedbacks received. The users responses on the various issues raised on our questionnaire were thematically analyzed and represented using adequate data presentation tools. Our results proved that there are growing numbers of disgruntled customers among subscribers of the various network providers. From our survey, we gathered that 81.90% of the respondents have engaged in protest use at one point or the other against their service providers with MTN network topping the list with 36.50%, followed by GLO network 27%, Airtel network 23.80% and 9 Mobile 12.70%. Finally, we proposed a design prototype named “<strong><em>Komplain</em></strong>” that will serve as rallying system for the protest users to use and prosecute their actions. The system can also recommend actions which the protesters may undertake.
文摘The recent violent attacks by Islamic fundamentalists on the American embassy in Cairo and on the American Consulate in Benghazi, Libya, were stark reminders of the nature of the conflict spinning off anti-American sentiment in the Middle east and North Africa. The attacks left the U.S. Ambassador to Libya Chris Stevens and three other U.S. consulate staff dead. The violence was sparked by a short video made in the United States, of which
文摘Critical discourse methodology is an extremely significant and meaningful branch of systemic functional linguistics which pays more attentions in the formation,diffusion,and acceptability of acertain discourse,and also the investigation on social background;meanwhile it is always used to discuss and pin down those familiar perceptions and ideologies that have been overlooked by the public so that new re-examination can be carried out to dig out some other attractive points.In this paper some basic theoretical basis and methodologies will be explained and then,by applying the critical discourse analysis,the slogans in the protests from Minneapolis to the whole America.Racial discrimination has invariably been a severe social problem for more two centuries in the U.S.A.After the Emancipation Proclamation by Abraham Lincoln,157 years has passed;however this kind of serious social issue still haunts among every American people.Countless protests have happened in the development of America;thus by analyzing the different types of slogans in this recent protest,novel discovery and meaningful retrospect would emerge.
文摘On Feb 13 morning,the officers arrived by the bus load,carrying long guns,ready to oust the last few protesters blocking the roads leading to the Ambassador Bridge.A week-long stalemate was about to come to an end.About 100 vehicles had been parked along a 2km stretch of the road for days on end.There were pickups,SUVs and even a dog-grooming van,festooned with Canadian flags,anti-vaccination slogans and anti-Trudeau epithets,as well as some heavy commercial trucks.The Freedom Convoy,as it’s been called,began as a protest against a mandate requiring truckers who cross the US-Canada border to be vaccinated against Covid.
文摘Koizumi's latest visit to the Yasukuni Shrine predictably triggers a diplomatic uproar On August 15, the anniversary of Japan's defeat in World War II, Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi again paid homage at the Yasukuni Shrine, which honors Japan's war dead, including class-A war criminals, immediately provoking a diplomatic furor.
文摘This article examines the discursive strategies employed to negotiate power and ideology in President Buhari’s speech on the#EndSARS Protests in Nigeria.The data for the study comprises President Muhammadu Buhari’s speech on the#EndSARS protests.The speech was analysed using both Systemic Functional Linguistics and Critical Discourse Analysis,and a discussion of how transitivity patterns and modality choices explain the representation of power,ideology and dominance in the speech followed.The findings of the study show that the transitivity and modality systems used by the president revealed his disposition toward the participants involved in the protests,and his perception of himself in relation to the others:whether they take an active or passive role in the discourse.The paper concludes that transitivity patterns and modality structures can be used to highlight social actors who on the surface appear common and natural,when they essentially perpetuate inequality and injustice.
文摘This paper makes comments on conflicts in a micro-story of 527 words,The Ray,written by American writer Ron Milner.The story,from a unique perspective of narration,attracts and strikes the reader as a loud protest amidst silence,against human beings' self-destructive abuse of nuclear technology and craziness of arms races during the cold war.The paper,from the historical,cultural,and religious contexts,presents an analysis of the hero's death and of the message the reader can draw from the story.
文摘The paper focuses on an understudied aspect of the Belarusian identity.The special attention is paid to the key role of patterns in a collective consciousness,which determine the direction of human behavior and further development.Some typical mental stereotypes of modern Belarusians are analyzed in the context of Post-Soviet worldview.The paper emphasizes that the Belarusian society needs to define a clear basis of national idea,language,symbols,values,and traditions.This sphere becomes the place of power struggle today.The current colonial expansion by more powerful states is going now on more refined scheme than the previous primitive armed intervention,namely through cultural expansion and economic dependence of neighboring weaker countries.Interrelations between Russia and Belarus today are a vivid example.It is necessary to understand that the“Russian World”,that Kremlin’s propaganda offers to modern neighboring nations,will hold only a dictatorship,militarism,repression,and suppression of freedom.Today this is the main challenge not only for Belarusian identity but for its independence as well.
文摘As a sociologist and political economist who profoundly influenced social theory,social research,and the discipline of sociology itself,Max Weber is typically cited as one of the three principal architects of modern social science.His masterpiece,The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism is considered as a founding text in economic sociology and sociology.The Protestant work ethic was a force behind an unplanned and uncoordinated mass action that influenced the development of capitalism,and the shaping of the spirit of capitalism in western world is an unexpected outcome of the Protestant ethic.
文摘This research examines how the anti-globalization movementI （AGM） is portrayed in the mainstream print media. The study focuses on anti-globalization protest events over a period of seven years following the 1999 Seattle protest, and covers all major protests until the end of 2006. Framing is used to explore how bias is instituted in media texts and whether this pattern is consistent across the corpus. Results of this study reveal that the framing strategies of journalists regarding AGM protests all revolve around two forms of memory-based framing tools： explicit and implicit. Explicit memory-based framing strategies refer to the coverage of previous events whereas implicit strategies involve the use of repeated connotations and metaphors applied consistently over the years, recalling previous insinuations made by a biased media system.
文摘Due to Reformation movement in the 16th century,Protestantism came into being.Lutheranism,Calvinism and Puritanism rationalized and justified worldly economic activity.The Protestant asceticism was considered favorable to the development of capitalistic economy.Religious reform was in a certain degree beneficial to the development of capitalism.This thesis mainly discusses the influence of Reformation upon the development of capitalism.
文摘The phenomenon of recurrent revolution in the post-Soviet political space deserves a new examination,as the Year 2019 marks not only 30 years since the chain of revolutions in Eastern Europe,but also the first anniversary of the revolution in Armenia.There are scant reasons to expect that economic underperformance or even a sharp spasm of crisis would bring any of the seven unmistakably authoritarian post-Soviet regimes to an abrupt end,but the deepening resentment against corruption could produce a powerful demand for change in the course of elections,which theses regimes feel obliged to stage.Manipulations of elections are the most common trigger for revolutions,but the big question of whether such explosions of social energy could deliver on the demand for change is set to remain open.
文摘Moscow-based Feminist Punk performers Pussy Riot challenged the millennial patriarchal Russian State-Church Religio-Political control on freedom in arts and suppression of women. Woman is still the other of this Church-State totalism, outside. The event is extremely small but the symbolism enormous of an intrinsic lack and its insane compensations. Philosopher Zi^ek sees the significance of what Pussy Riot represent for contemporary global capitalism, represented by the American dollar and Wall Street. Performer Madonna sees the difference between America, where she has been able to express herself and says that anyone can, and other parts of the world, namely Russia, where this is not possible. Although Edward Snowdon found sanctuary in Russia from America, so perhaps Zizek is right.
文摘2013 was a year full of trauma and fury for many people in Taiwan. The death of Hung Chung-Chiu, along with a series of events, including the Referendum of Lungmen Nuclear Power Plant and Dapu Incident, triggered the White Shirt Movement led by Citizen 1985. The movement, as the local harbinger of Internet-organized demonstration, performed a novel form of citizen activity, teasing out a protesting guerrilla that tactically networked disempowered and dispossessed subjects. The guerrilla utilized local mediascapes in reacting to official force with its flowing tactics, which signify the ceaseless negotiation, battle, and play between government and citizens. Extending Sue-Ellen Case＇s notion of horizontal practice of politics and the performative, this paper focuses on the various theatrical elements used in its activities, including environmental theater and social networking, in order to delineate the traumatic imaginaries and flowing tactics embodied by the White Shirt Movement. Working within and against one another, imaginaries and tactics travel back and forth between physical and virtual spaces, constituting the mobility and structure of contemporary protest events.
文摘Known as a representative of the English metaphysical poets, John Donne＇s poems are under Protestant pretence. Scepticism, cynicism, anxiety and penitence as well as the employment of numerous religious images construct the unique and profound characteristics of John Donne＇s poetry. The paper focuses on the Protestant pretence in Donne＇s poetry. In order to avoid religious persecution and to realize his ambition, Donne deserted Catholicism and converted into a Protestant. Inner conflicts and struggle are revealed in many of his poems. Scepticism and penitence are also embodiments of Donne＇s Protestant pretence in poetry.
