Achieving sustainable livelihood is the ultimate goal of poverty alleviation efforts in mountainous areas,and selecting an optimal livelihood strategy for different poverty-type farmers greatly improves farmers’livel...Achieving sustainable livelihood is the ultimate goal of poverty alleviation efforts in mountainous areas,and selecting an optimal livelihood strategy for different poverty-type farmers greatly improves farmers’livelihood capital,resists livelihood risks,and promotes sustainable development.For farmers,optimal livelihood strategy means better employment opportunities,higher family income(or better income structure),and stronger employability or development potential.This paper classifies different types of farmers’poverty on the basis of a quantitative evaluation of farmers’livelihood capital in the Qin-ba Mountain Area in South-Shaanxi by using the k-means clustering method and subsequently the fuzzy evaluation method to evaluate the effectiveness of farmers’livelihood strategies.Then,the multi-attribute decision-making model is used to analyze the selection of optimal livelihood strategies for different poverty-type farmers.The results suggest a significant difference in the selection of the optimal livelihood strategy for different poverty-type farmers.Farmers without financial and human capital choose to"go out to work,"farmers lacking natural capital choose to"acquire social insurance and government relief,"farmers without physical capital choose to"use loans,"and farmers lacking social capital choose to"use savings."Studying the selection of optimal livelihood strategies for different poverty-type farmers can help to propose targeted sustainable livelihood optimization programs for farmers and accelerate efforts to overcome poverty in mountainous areas.展开更多
针对秦巴山区滑坡灾害监测预警难以满足动态性与实时性等难题,该文基于大数据与云计算等相关技术,采用GIS软件二次开发技术,构建了适用于秦巴山区的滑坡灾害监测预警平台。平台融合TypeScript、Java、Python等编程语言,集成ArcGIS API f...针对秦巴山区滑坡灾害监测预警难以满足动态性与实时性等难题,该文基于大数据与云计算等相关技术,采用GIS软件二次开发技术,构建了适用于秦巴山区的滑坡灾害监测预警平台。平台融合TypeScript、Java、Python等编程语言,集成ArcGIS API for JavaScript、ArcPy等组件,在Spring Cloud技术框架下采用基于微服务的B/S架构模式搭建而成,实现了对滑坡监测数据的统一管理,并基于预警模型对区域-流域-灾害点等不同尺度的滑坡进行快速预警预报。最后以秦巴山区某日降雨条件下滑坡发生概率验证平台的可行性。结果表明:秦巴山区滑坡灾害监测预警平台技术路线合理,实现了滑坡灾害风险的快速预警预报,且准确率较高。该平台将有助于提高秦巴山区滑坡监测预警信息化水平,为防灾减灾工作提供技术支撑。展开更多
基金funded by MOE Project of Humanities and Social Sciences of China(Grant No.19YJAZH076)Soft Science Research Program of Shaanxi(Grant No.2018KRM065)Natural Science Foundation in Gansu(Grant No.1610RJZA096)
文摘Achieving sustainable livelihood is the ultimate goal of poverty alleviation efforts in mountainous areas,and selecting an optimal livelihood strategy for different poverty-type farmers greatly improves farmers’livelihood capital,resists livelihood risks,and promotes sustainable development.For farmers,optimal livelihood strategy means better employment opportunities,higher family income(or better income structure),and stronger employability or development potential.This paper classifies different types of farmers’poverty on the basis of a quantitative evaluation of farmers’livelihood capital in the Qin-ba Mountain Area in South-Shaanxi by using the k-means clustering method and subsequently the fuzzy evaluation method to evaluate the effectiveness of farmers’livelihood strategies.Then,the multi-attribute decision-making model is used to analyze the selection of optimal livelihood strategies for different poverty-type farmers.The results suggest a significant difference in the selection of the optimal livelihood strategy for different poverty-type farmers.Farmers without financial and human capital choose to"go out to work,"farmers lacking natural capital choose to"acquire social insurance and government relief,"farmers without physical capital choose to"use loans,"and farmers lacking social capital choose to"use savings."Studying the selection of optimal livelihood strategies for different poverty-type farmers can help to propose targeted sustainable livelihood optimization programs for farmers and accelerate efforts to overcome poverty in mountainous areas.
文摘针对秦巴山区滑坡灾害监测预警难以满足动态性与实时性等难题,该文基于大数据与云计算等相关技术,采用GIS软件二次开发技术,构建了适用于秦巴山区的滑坡灾害监测预警平台。平台融合TypeScript、Java、Python等编程语言,集成ArcGIS API for JavaScript、ArcPy等组件,在Spring Cloud技术框架下采用基于微服务的B/S架构模式搭建而成,实现了对滑坡监测数据的统一管理,并基于预警模型对区域-流域-灾害点等不同尺度的滑坡进行快速预警预报。最后以秦巴山区某日降雨条件下滑坡发生概率验证平台的可行性。结果表明:秦巴山区滑坡灾害监测预警平台技术路线合理,实现了滑坡灾害风险的快速预警预报,且准确率较高。该平台将有助于提高秦巴山区滑坡监测预警信息化水平,为防灾减灾工作提供技术支撑。
