Currently,the process of extracting rubidium from ores has attracted a great deal of attention due to the increasing application of rubidium in high-technology field.A novel process for the comprehensive utilization o...Currently,the process of extracting rubidium from ores has attracted a great deal of attention due to the increasing application of rubidium in high-technology field.A novel process for the comprehensive utilization of rubidium ore resources is proposed in this paper.The process consists mainly of mineral dissociation,selective leaching,and desilication.The results showed that the stable silicon–oxygen tetrahedral structure of the rubidium ore was completely disrupted by thermal activation and the mineral was completely dissociated,which was conducive to subsequent selective leaching.Under the optimal conditions,extractions of 98.67% Rb and 96.23%K were obtained by leaching the rubidium ore.Moreover,the addition of a certain amount of activated Al(OH)_(3) during leaching can effectively inhibit the leaching of silicon.In the meantime,the leach residue was sodalite,which was successfully synthesized to zeolite A by hydrothermal conversion.The proposed process provided a feasible strategy for the green extraction of rubidium and the sustainable utilization of various resources.展开更多
Cesium(Cs)and rubidium(Rb)separation from brine is an important and application-oriented topic.4-tert-butyl-2-(a-methylbenzyl)phenol(t-BAMBP)has been used for Cs and Rb extraction.However,the traditional extraction te...Cesium(Cs)and rubidium(Rb)separation from brine is an important and application-oriented topic.4-tert-butyl-2-(a-methylbenzyl)phenol(t-BAMBP)has been used for Cs and Rb extraction.However,the traditional extraction technology is base and acid consumed.In the present work,an innovative process for Cs and Rb extraction with t-BAMBP is developed,which consists of saponification,extraction,scrubbing and stripping.Both infrared spectrum and electrostatic potential analysis indicate the hydrogen of phenolic hydroxyl is dissociated from t-BAMBP during saponification and the oxygen of phenolic hydroxyl is the binding site for alkali metal ions.Saponified organic phase shows an excellent extraction effect for Cs^(+)and Rb^(+).The extraction reaches equilibrium in 5 min,with 99.5%Cs^(+)and 46.7%Rb^(+)are loaded into the organic phase in the single-stage extraction.Slope method indicates the structure of the extraction complex is MOR·3ROH(M=Cs^(+),Rb^(+),K^(+)),where the electrostatic attraction between M^(+)and the oxygen of phenolic hydroxyl is dominant,and the cation–p interaction has a significant effect also.The extraction complex of MOR·3ROH dissociates in the acid environment while scrubbing and stripping is completed.The Cs^(+)and Rb^(+)are separated from the mixture phase,the proton H bonds to the phenolic hydroxyl group,and the extractant is regenerated.展开更多
As a kind of rare metals,rubidium is often used to prepare special glass,photomultiplier tubes,thermoelectric converter,organic catalysts and antidepressants.Rubidium forms no minerals of its own,hence,it often coexists
1 Introduction Brines,containing a variety of useful components,such as alkali metal(IA),alkaline earth metal(type IIA),halogen elements(such as VIIA),are naturally occurring complex electrolyte solution.Although rubi...1 Introduction Brines,containing a variety of useful components,such as alkali metal(IA),alkaline earth metal(type IIA),halogen elements(such as VIIA),are naturally occurring complex electrolyte solution.Although rubidium is not the main component of the brine,while in the brine exploiting process,rubidium ion is continuously enriched in展开更多
The relationship between sylvinite and carnallite is important in the potash mine body contained carnallite,especially sylvinite overlies carnallite,the reverse of a normal depositional sequence.Trace elements are
This work shows the extraction of cesium (Cs^+) and rubidium (Rb^+) from salt lake brine containing potassium (K^+) and magnesium (Mg^2+). The results show that 4-tert-butyl-2-(α-methylbenzyl) phenol ( t -BAMBP) dilu...This work shows the extraction of cesium (Cs^+) and rubidium (Rb^+) from salt lake brine containing potassium (K^+) and magnesium (Mg^2+). The results show that 4-tert-butyl-2-(α-methylbenzyl) phenol ( t -BAMBP) diluted in sulfonated kerosene (SK) has an excellent extraction effect. Infrared spectroscopic studies indicate that polymerize to form the dimer in the t -BAMBP when Cs^+ or Rb^+ were extracted. The effects of K^+, Mg^2+, t -BAMBP concentration, the volume ratio of organic phase to aqueous phase (O/A) and the alkalinity (pH) of aqueous phase were investigated. The K^+ and Mg^2+ should be eliminated through precipitating before the extraction and separation of Cs^+ and Rb^+.The optimum extraction conditions of the experimental brine were as follows: 0.8 mol/L t -BAMBP diluted in SK, pH≥13, a phase ratio of 1:1, and an extraction contact time of 2 min at room temperature. The optimal extraction yields of Cs^+ and Rb^+ were as high as 100% and 85.8%, in addition, 8.76% of K^+ was co-extracted. Further work would increase the extraction yield and selectivity of Rb^+ and realize the efficient separation of Cs^+ and Rb^+ from brine.展开更多
We propose and demonstrate an alternative method for spectral filtering and frequency stabilization of both 780-nm and 960-nm lasers using a high-finesse length-tunable cavity(HFLTC).Firstly,the length of HFLTC is sta...We propose and demonstrate an alternative method for spectral filtering and frequency stabilization of both 780-nm and 960-nm lasers using a high-finesse length-tunable cavity(HFLTC).Firstly,the length of HFLTC is stabilized to a commercial frequency reference.Then,the two lasers are locked to this HFLTC using the Pound–Drever–Hall(PDH)method which can narrow the linewidths and stabilize the frequencies of both lasers simultaneously.Finally,the transmitted lasers of HFLTC with each power up to about 100μW,which act as seed lasers,are amplified using the injection locking method for single-atom Rydberg excitation.The linewidths of obtained lasers are narrowed to be less than 1 k Hz,meanwhile the obtained lasers'phase noise around 750 k Hz are suppressed about 30 d B.With the spectrally filtered lasers,we demonstrate a Rabi oscillation between the ground state and Rydberg state of single-atoms in an optical trap tweezer with a decay time of(67±37)μs,which is almost not affected by laser phase noise.We found that the maximum short-term laser frequency fluctuation of a single excitation lasers is at~3.3 k Hz and the maximum long-term laser frequency drift of a single laser is~46 k Hz during one month.Our work develops a stable and repeatable method to provide multiple laser sources of ultra-low phase noise,narrow linewidth,and excellent frequency stability,which is essential for high precision atomic experiments,such as neutral atom quantum computing,quantum simulation,quantum metrology,and so on.展开更多
The spin fluctuation in rubidium atom gas is studied via all-optical spin noise spectroscopy(SNS).Experimental results show that the integrated SNS signal and its full width at half maximum(FWHM) strongly depend on th...The spin fluctuation in rubidium atom gas is studied via all-optical spin noise spectroscopy(SNS).Experimental results show that the integrated SNS signal and its full width at half maximum(FWHM) strongly depend on the frequency detuning of the probe light under resonant and non-resonant conditions.The total integrated SNS signal can be well fitted with a single squared Faraday rotation spectrum and the FWHM dependence may be related to the absorption profile of the sample.展开更多
We report an experimental realization of the delayed images in a hot rubidium atomic vapor. With a rubidium atomic vapor cell as slow light medium, the image quality of the experiment could be improved greatly, compar...We report an experimental realization of the delayed images in a hot rubidium atomic vapor. With a rubidium atomic vapor cell as slow light medium, the image quality of the experiment could be improved greatly, compared with the results without a slow light medium. By analyzing the results about the image visibility of the slow light imaging system under three different conditions, the image visibility becomes better with the increment of the temperature, during the time that the wavelength of the laser is within dispersion range.展开更多
With the continuous development of science and technology,the role of rare and precious metal resources in medical treatment,economy and strategy has become increasingly prominent.This paper reviewed the application r...With the continuous development of science and technology,the role of rare and precious metal resources in medical treatment,economy and strategy has become increasingly prominent.This paper reviewed the application research of rare precious metal rubidium(Rb)in the field of medicine and health,mainly including the application significance of Rb in the field of medical and health,typical applications and problems in the field of medicine and health,and the important research significance of the research and development of medicine.展开更多
An investigation of the resonant interaction of the rubidium atoms with an intensity (10 kWcm-2 ≤ I ≤ 2 MWcm-2) and a wavelength close to that of the D1 and D2 transitions of the rubidium atom (5S1/2 → 5P3/2 or 5S1...An investigation of the resonant interaction of the rubidium atoms with an intensity (10 kWcm-2 ≤ I ≤ 2 MWcm-2) and a wavelength close to that of the D1 and D2 transitions of the rubidium atom (5S1/2 → 5P3/2 or 5S1/2 → 5P1/2, λD1 = 780 nm, λD2 = 795 nm), which has passes through rubidium vapor with density (1011 - 1014 cm-3) been studied theoretically. The system of equations describing the processes of Collisional ionization and multiphoton ionization of rubidium vapour resonantly excited with nanosecond pulsed laser is solved. The dependence of the ion density on the laser intensity and the atomic density of rubidium are considered. The result of calculations revealed that, both quadratic ion density dependence on laser intensity and linear behaviour of the ion density versus rubidium density for 5S1/2 → 5P3/2 transition is due to photoioization process. In contrast, for 5S1/2 → 5P1/2 transition, the ion density dependence is nonlinear and indicates that the collisional processes play the major contribution in the total ionization. Also, the obtained results showed reasonable agreement with the experimentally measured values of the ion density dependence given by Bakhramov et al. In addition, the analysis of mutual competition between the different ionization processes considered for the ion yield as a function of both laser intensity and atoms density are also presented this work.展开更多
Rubidium phosphate can be more conveniently obtained by extracting trace Rb+ from the salt lake brine. Rb_3PO_4 was found to be an excellent heterogeneous catalyst for transfer hydrogenation. Rb_3PO_4 lost 70% of its ...Rubidium phosphate can be more conveniently obtained by extracting trace Rb+ from the salt lake brine. Rb_3PO_4 was found to be an excellent heterogeneous catalyst for transfer hydrogenation. Rb_3PO_4 lost 70% of its active sites after adsorbing water, but the remaining was not affected. The reductions of aldehydes and ketones, when promoted by Rb_3PO_4, were allowed at room temperature. The activities of substrates at room temperature followed a descending order of 2,6-dichlorobenzaldehyde> 4-bromobenzaldehyde>benzaldehyde>acetophenone>anisaldehyde>butanone. A new catalytic cycle postulating a six-membered cyclic transition state for the reductions of aldehydes and ketones was proposed. These results exploited the catalytic usage of Rb_3PO_4 and worth in industrial application.展开更多
The nonradiative charge-transfer cross sections for protons colliding with Rb(5s) atoms are calculated by using the quantum-mechanical molecularorbital close-coupling method in an energy range of 10 3 keV-10 keV.The t...The nonradiative charge-transfer cross sections for protons colliding with Rb(5s) atoms are calculated by using the quantum-mechanical molecularorbital close-coupling method in an energy range of 10 3 keV-10 keV.The total and state-selective charge-transfer cross sections are in good agreement with the experimental data in the relatively low energy region.The importance of rotational coupling for chargetransfer process is stressed.Compared with the radiative charge-transfer process,nonradiative charge transfer is a dominant mechanism at energies above 15 eV.The resonance structures of state-selective charge-transfer cross sections arising from the competition among channels are analysed in detail.The radiative and nonradiative charge-transfer rate coefficients from low to high temperature are presented.展开更多
The population ratio between the excited states of rubidium in the electrodeless discharge rubidium vapour lamp is calculated according to the near-infrared spectra in the region of 780-1550 nm.By using a 1529 nm lase...The population ratio between the excited states of rubidium in the electrodeless discharge rubidium vapour lamp is calculated according to the near-infrared spectra in the region of 780-1550 nm.By using a 1529 nm laser,we measure the density of natural rubidium atoms at the 5P 3/2 level.The populations of different excited states are then clarified.展开更多
This paper studies a miniature low power consumption laser-pumped atom vapour cell clock scheme.Pumping 87Rb with a vertical cavity surface emitting laser diode pump and locking the laser frequency on a Doppler-broade...This paper studies a miniature low power consumption laser-pumped atom vapour cell clock scheme.Pumping 87Rb with a vertical cavity surface emitting laser diode pump and locking the laser frequency on a Doppler-broadened spectral line,it records a 5×10 11τ 1/2(τ< 500 s) frequency stability with a table-top system in a primary experiment.The study reveals that the evaluated scheme is at the level of 2.7 watts power consumption,90 cm3 volume and 10 12τ 1/2 short-term frequency stability.展开更多
This paper reports an experiment on laser cooling of 87 Rb atoms in pulsed diffuse light,which is the key step towards a compact cold atom clock.It deduces an empirical formula to simulate the pulse cooling process ba...This paper reports an experiment on laser cooling of 87 Rb atoms in pulsed diffuse light,which is the key step towards a compact cold atom clock.It deduces an empirical formula to simulate the pulse cooling process based on the loading of cold atoms in cooling time and the loss in the dead time,which is in agreement with the experimental data.The formula gives a reference to select the parameters for the cold atom clock.展开更多
We are developing a compact rubidium atomic beam frequency standard with optical pumping and detection.The cavity for microwave interrogation is an important part of the clock.The cavity in our design is a Ramsey-type...We are developing a compact rubidium atomic beam frequency standard with optical pumping and detection.The cavity for microwave interrogation is an important part of the clock.The cavity in our design is a Ramsey-type,E-bend one,which is the same as the conventional method in most cesium beam clocks.Requirements for the design are proposed based on the frequency shift associated with the cavity.The basic structure of the cavity is given by theoretical analysis and detailed dimensions are determined by means of electromagnetic field simulation with the help of commercial software.The cavity is manufactured and fabricated successfully.The preliminary test result of the cavity is given,which is in good agreement with the simulation.The resonant frequency is 6.835 GHz,equal to the clock transition frequency of87Rb,and the loaded quality factor is 500.These values are adjustable with posts outside the cavity.Estimations on the Ramsey line width and several frequency shifts are made.展开更多
The title compound was obtained by the flux method and its structure was determined. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P2/c with a = 11.0024(17), b = 9.2979(14), c = 14.500(2), β = 110.879(2)°, V = 13...The title compound was obtained by the flux method and its structure was determined. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P2/c with a = 11.0024(17), b = 9.2979(14), c = 14.500(2), β = 110.879(2)°, V = 1385.9(4) 3, Z = 4, Mr = 908.38, F(000) = 1592, μ = 19.601 mm–1, Dc = 4.353 g/cm3, the final R = 0.0481 and wR = 0.1257 for 2532 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). The Rb3La3(BO3)4 structure can be viewed as a 3-dimensional scaffold-like framework constructed by La–O polyhedra and BO3 groups. Two Rb+ ions locate in a channel along the a direction and the rest one in a cavity.展开更多
Lead halide perovskite microlasers have shown impressive performance in the green and red wavebands.However,there has been limited progress in achieving blue-emitting perovskite microlasers.Here,blue-emitting perovski...Lead halide perovskite microlasers have shown impressive performance in the green and red wavebands.However,there has been limited progress in achieving blue-emitting perovskite microlasers.Here,blue-emitting perovskitephase rubidium lead bromide(RbPbBr_(3))microcubes were successfully prepared by using a one-step chemical vapor deposition process,which can be utilized to construct optically pumped whispering gallery mode microlasers.By regulating the growth temperature,we found that a high-temperature environment can facilitate the formation of the perovskite phase and microcubic morphology of RbPbBr_3.Notably,blue single-mode lasing in a RbPbBr_3microcubic cavity with a narrow linewidth of 0.21 nm and a high-quality factor(2200)was achieved.The obtained lasing from RbPbBr_3microlasers also exhibited an excellent polarization state factor(0.77).By modulating the mixed-monovalent cation composition,the wavelength of the microlaser could be tuned from green(536 nm)to pure blue(468 nm).Additionally,the heat stability of the mix-cation perovskite was better than that of conventional CsPbBr_(3).The stable and high-performance blue single-mode microlasers may thus facilitate the application of perovskite lasers in blue laser fields.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1802253 and 52034002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-TT-19-001)。
文摘Currently,the process of extracting rubidium from ores has attracted a great deal of attention due to the increasing application of rubidium in high-technology field.A novel process for the comprehensive utilization of rubidium ore resources is proposed in this paper.The process consists mainly of mineral dissociation,selective leaching,and desilication.The results showed that the stable silicon–oxygen tetrahedral structure of the rubidium ore was completely disrupted by thermal activation and the mineral was completely dissociated,which was conducive to subsequent selective leaching.Under the optimal conditions,extractions of 98.67% Rb and 96.23%K were obtained by leaching the rubidium ore.Moreover,the addition of a certain amount of activated Al(OH)_(3) during leaching can effectively inhibit the leaching of silicon.In the meantime,the leach residue was sodalite,which was successfully synthesized to zeolite A by hydrothermal conversion.The proposed process provided a feasible strategy for the green extraction of rubidium and the sustainable utilization of various resources.
基金The research is financially supported by the Science and Technology Department of Qinghai Province(2019-ZJ-7001)West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y910041014)+1 种基金Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS(2017467)the Tibet A-Li La-Guo Resources Co.Ltd.,China.
文摘Cesium(Cs)and rubidium(Rb)separation from brine is an important and application-oriented topic.4-tert-butyl-2-(a-methylbenzyl)phenol(t-BAMBP)has been used for Cs and Rb extraction.However,the traditional extraction technology is base and acid consumed.In the present work,an innovative process for Cs and Rb extraction with t-BAMBP is developed,which consists of saponification,extraction,scrubbing and stripping.Both infrared spectrum and electrostatic potential analysis indicate the hydrogen of phenolic hydroxyl is dissociated from t-BAMBP during saponification and the oxygen of phenolic hydroxyl is the binding site for alkali metal ions.Saponified organic phase shows an excellent extraction effect for Cs^(+)and Rb^(+).The extraction reaches equilibrium in 5 min,with 99.5%Cs^(+)and 46.7%Rb^(+)are loaded into the organic phase in the single-stage extraction.Slope method indicates the structure of the extraction complex is MOR·3ROH(M=Cs^(+),Rb^(+),K^(+)),where the electrostatic attraction between M^(+)and the oxygen of phenolic hydroxyl is dominant,and the cation–p interaction has a significant effect also.The extraction complex of MOR·3ROH dissociates in the acid environment while scrubbing and stripping is completed.The Cs^(+)and Rb^(+)are separated from the mixture phase,the proton H bonds to the phenolic hydroxyl group,and the extractant is regenerated.
基金financially supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2012AA061704)
文摘As a kind of rare metals,rubidium is often used to prepare special glass,photomultiplier tubes,thermoelectric converter,organic catalysts and antidepressants.Rubidium forms no minerals of its own,hence,it often coexists
基金Project supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2012AA061704)China National Nature Science Foundation (No. 41173071)+2 种基金the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education from the Ministry of Education of China (20115122110001)the Sichuan Youth Science and Technology Innovation Research Team Funding Scheme (2013TD0005)Innovation Team of CDUT(KYTD201405)
文摘1 Introduction Brines,containing a variety of useful components,such as alkali metal(IA),alkaline earth metal(type IIA),halogen elements(such as VIIA),are naturally occurring complex electrolyte solution.Although rubidium is not the main component of the brine,while in the brine exploiting process,rubidium ion is continuously enriched in
基金the West Light Foundation of CAS (2011-180)the National Program on Key Basic Research Project of China (973 Program) (2011CB403004) for financial support
文摘The relationship between sylvinite and carnallite is important in the potash mine body contained carnallite,especially sylvinite overlies carnallite,the reverse of a normal depositional sequence.Trace elements are
基金Science and Technology Department of Qinghai province(2019-ZJ-7001,2015-ZJ-945Q)“Light of West China”program,CAS
文摘This work shows the extraction of cesium (Cs^+) and rubidium (Rb^+) from salt lake brine containing potassium (K^+) and magnesium (Mg^2+). The results show that 4-tert-butyl-2-(α-methylbenzyl) phenol ( t -BAMBP) diluted in sulfonated kerosene (SK) has an excellent extraction effect. Infrared spectroscopic studies indicate that polymerize to form the dimer in the t -BAMBP when Cs^+ or Rb^+ were extracted. The effects of K^+, Mg^2+, t -BAMBP concentration, the volume ratio of organic phase to aqueous phase (O/A) and the alkalinity (pH) of aqueous phase were investigated. The K^+ and Mg^2+ should be eliminated through precipitating before the extraction and separation of Cs^+ and Rb^+.The optimum extraction conditions of the experimental brine were as follows: 0.8 mol/L t -BAMBP diluted in SK, pH≥13, a phase ratio of 1:1, and an extraction contact time of 2 min at room temperature. The optimal extraction yields of Cs^+ and Rb^+ were as high as 100% and 85.8%, in addition, 8.76% of K^+ was co-extracted. Further work would increase the extraction yield and selectivity of Rb^+ and realize the efficient separation of Cs^+ and Rb^+ from brine.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0302800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U20A2074 and 12074391)+2 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB 21010100)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2017378)K.C.Wong Education Foundation(Grant No.GJTD-2019-15)。
文摘We propose and demonstrate an alternative method for spectral filtering and frequency stabilization of both 780-nm and 960-nm lasers using a high-finesse length-tunable cavity(HFLTC).Firstly,the length of HFLTC is stabilized to a commercial frequency reference.Then,the two lasers are locked to this HFLTC using the Pound–Drever–Hall(PDH)method which can narrow the linewidths and stabilize the frequencies of both lasers simultaneously.Finally,the transmitted lasers of HFLTC with each power up to about 100μW,which act as seed lasers,are amplified using the injection locking method for single-atom Rydberg excitation.The linewidths of obtained lasers are narrowed to be less than 1 k Hz,meanwhile the obtained lasers'phase noise around 750 k Hz are suppressed about 30 d B.With the spectrally filtered lasers,we demonstrate a Rabi oscillation between the ground state and Rydberg state of single-atoms in an optical trap tweezer with a decay time of(67±37)μs,which is almost not affected by laser phase noise.We found that the maximum short-term laser frequency fluctuation of a single excitation lasers is at~3.3 k Hz and the maximum long-term laser frequency drift of a single laser is~46 k Hz during one month.Our work develops a stable and repeatable method to provide multiple laser sources of ultra-low phase noise,narrow linewidth,and excellent frequency stability,which is essential for high precision atomic experiments,such as neutral atom quantum computing,quantum simulation,quantum metrology,and so on.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.91321310 and 11404325)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2013CB922304)
文摘The spin fluctuation in rubidium atom gas is studied via all-optical spin noise spectroscopy(SNS).Experimental results show that the integrated SNS signal and its full width at half maximum(FWHM) strongly depend on the frequency detuning of the probe light under resonant and non-resonant conditions.The total integrated SNS signal can be well fitted with a single squared Faraday rotation spectrum and the FWHM dependence may be related to the absorption profile of the sample.
文摘We report an experimental realization of the delayed images in a hot rubidium atomic vapor. With a rubidium atomic vapor cell as slow light medium, the image quality of the experiment could be improved greatly, compared with the results without a slow light medium. By analyzing the results about the image visibility of the slow light imaging system under three different conditions, the image visibility becomes better with the increment of the temperature, during the time that the wavelength of the laser is within dispersion range.
基金Supported by National Talent Project of"Youth Qihuang Scholars"(2020)High-level Innovation Team Project of Guangxi Colleges and Universities(2019-52)。
文摘With the continuous development of science and technology,the role of rare and precious metal resources in medical treatment,economy and strategy has become increasingly prominent.This paper reviewed the application research of rare precious metal rubidium(Rb)in the field of medicine and health,mainly including the application significance of Rb in the field of medical and health,typical applications and problems in the field of medicine and health,and the important research significance of the research and development of medicine.
文摘An investigation of the resonant interaction of the rubidium atoms with an intensity (10 kWcm-2 ≤ I ≤ 2 MWcm-2) and a wavelength close to that of the D1 and D2 transitions of the rubidium atom (5S1/2 → 5P3/2 or 5S1/2 → 5P1/2, λD1 = 780 nm, λD2 = 795 nm), which has passes through rubidium vapor with density (1011 - 1014 cm-3) been studied theoretically. The system of equations describing the processes of Collisional ionization and multiphoton ionization of rubidium vapour resonantly excited with nanosecond pulsed laser is solved. The dependence of the ion density on the laser intensity and the atomic density of rubidium are considered. The result of calculations revealed that, both quadratic ion density dependence on laser intensity and linear behaviour of the ion density versus rubidium density for 5S1/2 → 5P3/2 transition is due to photoioization process. In contrast, for 5S1/2 → 5P1/2 transition, the ion density dependence is nonlinear and indicates that the collisional processes play the major contribution in the total ionization. Also, the obtained results showed reasonable agreement with the experimentally measured values of the ion density dependence given by Bakhramov et al. In addition, the analysis of mutual competition between the different ionization processes considered for the ion yield as a function of both laser intensity and atoms density are also presented this work.
基金Project(21576074)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Rubidium phosphate can be more conveniently obtained by extracting trace Rb+ from the salt lake brine. Rb_3PO_4 was found to be an excellent heterogeneous catalyst for transfer hydrogenation. Rb_3PO_4 lost 70% of its active sites after adsorbing water, but the remaining was not affected. The reductions of aldehydes and ketones, when promoted by Rb_3PO_4, were allowed at room temperature. The activities of substrates at room temperature followed a descending order of 2,6-dichlorobenzaldehyde> 4-bromobenzaldehyde>benzaldehyde>acetophenone>anisaldehyde>butanone. A new catalytic cycle postulating a six-membered cyclic transition state for the reductions of aldehydes and ketones was proposed. These results exploited the catalytic usage of Rb_3PO_4 and worth in industrial application.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10979007,11025417,11179041,and 11004014)the NSAF (Grant No. 10876043)
文摘The nonradiative charge-transfer cross sections for protons colliding with Rb(5s) atoms are calculated by using the quantum-mechanical molecularorbital close-coupling method in an energy range of 10 3 keV-10 keV.The total and state-selective charge-transfer cross sections are in good agreement with the experimental data in the relatively low energy region.The importance of rotational coupling for chargetransfer process is stressed.Compared with the radiative charge-transfer process,nonradiative charge transfer is a dominant mechanism at energies above 15 eV.The resonance structures of state-selective charge-transfer cross sections arising from the competition among channels are analysed in detail.The radiative and nonradiative charge-transfer rate coefficients from low to high temperature are presented.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.10874009 and 11074011)
文摘The population ratio between the excited states of rubidium in the electrodeless discharge rubidium vapour lamp is calculated according to the near-infrared spectra in the region of 780-1550 nm.By using a 1529 nm laser,we measure the density of natural rubidium atoms at the 5P 3/2 level.The populations of different excited states are then clarified.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 10574141 and 10675162)
文摘This paper studies a miniature low power consumption laser-pumped atom vapour cell clock scheme.Pumping 87Rb with a vertical cavity surface emitting laser diode pump and locking the laser frequency on a Doppler-broadened spectral line,it records a 5×10 11τ 1/2(τ< 500 s) frequency stability with a table-top system in a primary experiment.The study reveals that the evaluated scheme is at the level of 2.7 watts power consumption,90 cm3 volume and 10 12τ 1/2 short-term frequency stability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10604057 and 10874193)the National High-Tech Programme (Grant No. 2006AA12Z311)the National Basic Research Programme of China (Grant No. 2005CB724506)
文摘This paper reports an experiment on laser cooling of 87 Rb atoms in pulsed diffuse light,which is the key step towards a compact cold atom clock.It deduces an empirical formula to simulate the pulse cooling process based on the loading of cold atoms in cooling time and the loss in the dead time,which is in agreement with the experimental data.The formula gives a reference to select the parameters for the cold atom clock.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11174015)
文摘We are developing a compact rubidium atomic beam frequency standard with optical pumping and detection.The cavity for microwave interrogation is an important part of the clock.The cavity in our design is a Ramsey-type,E-bend one,which is the same as the conventional method in most cesium beam clocks.Requirements for the design are proposed based on the frequency shift associated with the cavity.The basic structure of the cavity is given by theoretical analysis and detailed dimensions are determined by means of electromagnetic field simulation with the help of commercial software.The cavity is manufactured and fabricated successfully.The preliminary test result of the cavity is given,which is in good agreement with the simulation.The resonant frequency is 6.835 GHz,equal to the clock transition frequency of87Rb,and the loaded quality factor is 500.These values are adjustable with posts outside the cavity.Estimations on the Ramsey line width and several frequency shifts are made.
文摘The title compound was obtained by the flux method and its structure was determined. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P2/c with a = 11.0024(17), b = 9.2979(14), c = 14.500(2), β = 110.879(2)°, V = 1385.9(4) 3, Z = 4, Mr = 908.38, F(000) = 1592, μ = 19.601 mm–1, Dc = 4.353 g/cm3, the final R = 0.0481 and wR = 0.1257 for 2532 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). The Rb3La3(BO3)4 structure can be viewed as a 3-dimensional scaffold-like framework constructed by La–O polyhedra and BO3 groups. Two Rb+ ions locate in a channel along the a direction and the rest one in a cavity.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(61675219,61875256)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(20JC1414605)。
文摘Lead halide perovskite microlasers have shown impressive performance in the green and red wavebands.However,there has been limited progress in achieving blue-emitting perovskite microlasers.Here,blue-emitting perovskitephase rubidium lead bromide(RbPbBr_(3))microcubes were successfully prepared by using a one-step chemical vapor deposition process,which can be utilized to construct optically pumped whispering gallery mode microlasers.By regulating the growth temperature,we found that a high-temperature environment can facilitate the formation of the perovskite phase and microcubic morphology of RbPbBr_3.Notably,blue single-mode lasing in a RbPbBr_3microcubic cavity with a narrow linewidth of 0.21 nm and a high-quality factor(2200)was achieved.The obtained lasing from RbPbBr_3microlasers also exhibited an excellent polarization state factor(0.77).By modulating the mixed-monovalent cation composition,the wavelength of the microlaser could be tuned from green(536 nm)to pure blue(468 nm).Additionally,the heat stability of the mix-cation perovskite was better than that of conventional CsPbBr_(3).The stable and high-performance blue single-mode microlasers may thus facilitate the application of perovskite lasers in blue laser fields.
