To study biomarker of acrylamide （ACR） induced neuropathy, Wistar rats received 20 or 40 mg/kg of ACR by ip injection and the levels of light neurofilament （NF-L）, middle NF （NF-M）, heavy NF （NF-H）, β-actin, ...To study biomarker of acrylamide （ACR） induced neuropathy, Wistar rats received 20 or 40 mg/kg of ACR by ip injection and the levels of light neurofilament （NF-L）, middle NF （NF-M）, heavy NF （NF-H）, β-actin, α-tubulin, and β-tubulin proteins in serum were evaluated using both SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Compared to controls, NF-L and NF-M decreased,展开更多
A simple and sensitive reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed for the determination of glimepiride in rat serum. The assay involves one step liquid-liquid extraction with m...A simple and sensitive reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed for the determination of glimepiride in rat serum. The assay involves one step liquid-liquid extraction with methanol. Gliclazide was used as an internal standard. Chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column using a mobile phase of methanol: 10mM phosphate buffer (80:20 v/v) adjusted to pH 3.0 with orthophosphoric acid, at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and UV detection at 230 nm. The retention time of glimepiride and gliclazide was found to be 5.5 and 4.0 min and separation was complete in less than 10 min. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy and precision were found to be acceptable over the range of 0.5 - 500 μg/mL for glimepiride. The method was found suitable to analyse rat serum samples for application in pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, bioavailability/bioequivalence studies.展开更多
Rats were exposed to1 or 10 μg/mL bisphenol A （BPA） in water during pregnancy and lactation. Offspring rats were given normal water and a standard diet from weaning to postnatal day （PND） 50. Perinatal exposure t...Rats were exposed to1 or 10 μg/mL bisphenol A （BPA） in water during pregnancy and lactation. Offspring rats were given normal water and a standard diet from weaning to postnatal day （PND） 50. Perinatal exposure to BPA resulted in significantly increased body weight, visceral adipose tissue, abnormal serum lipids, and lower adiponectin （ADP） levels in both female and male offspring rats. Liver adipose triglyceride lipase （Atgl） mRNA levels and ADP protein in visceral adipose tissue were significantly decreased in BPA-exposed offspring rats. In both female or male offspring rats, obesity and dyslipidemia induced by perinatal exposure to BPA were associated with down regulation of Atgl mRNA in liver and ADP protein in visceral adipose tissue.展开更多
The effects of instilled silica have been studied on the serum-phospholipid (PL), lipid peroxide (LPO) and histopathology of rat lung up to 140 days from the first day of instillation. Silica induced relatively higher...The effects of instilled silica have been studied on the serum-phospholipid (PL), lipid peroxide (LPO) and histopathology of rat lung up to 140 days from the first day of instillation. Silica induced relatively higher serum-PL throughout the experiment. The level of LPO also increased appreciably. They presented positive linear correlation. The early lesion was acute alveolitis with silica particles. These lesions became silicotic nodules on the 30th day, which then were enlarged gradually and fused by fibrosis. Alveolar macrophages (AM) were activated and surface structure was damaged. These results indicate that instilled sillca can induce lipid peroxidation of cell membrane and selective accumulation of lung PL展开更多
Objective:To investigate antidiabetic,hypolipidemic histopathological analysis of Dillenia indica(D.indica) methanolic leaves(DIME) extract in alloxan induced diabetic rat by administering oral doses(250 and 500 mg/kg...Objective:To investigate antidiabetic,hypolipidemic histopathological analysis of Dillenia indica(D.indica) methanolic leaves(DIME) extract in alloxan induced diabetic rat by administering oral doses(250 and 500 mg/kg body weight).Methods:Blood glucose levels were measured using blood glucose test strips with elegance glucometer on weekly intervals till the end of study(i.e.3 weeks).Other parameters e.g.liver profile,renal profile and total lipid levels were determined in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats after oral administration of the extract for 21 days.Histopathological changes in diabetic rat organs(pancreas,liver and kidney) were also observed after extract treatment Results:Daily oral administration DIME(250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) and glibenclamide(10 mg/kg) showed beneficial effects on blood glucose level (P【0.001) as well as improving kidney,liver functions and hyperlipidaemia due to diabetes. The extract treatment also showed to enhanced serum insulin level and body weight of diabetic rats as compared to diabetic control group.Furthermore,the extract has a favorable effect on the histopathological changes of the pancreas,liver and kidney in alloxan induced diabetes. Conclusions:D.indica possess antidiabetic property as well improve body weight,liver profile, renal profile and total lipid levels.DIME has also favorable effect to inhibit the histopathological changes of the pancreas and kidney in alloxan induced diabetes.展开更多
Objective To study the effect of terephthalic acid （TPA） on lipid metabolism in Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats. Methods Five groups of SD rats that ingested 0%, 0.04%, 0.2%, 1%, and 5% TPA, respectively, were included i...Objective To study the effect of terephthalic acid （TPA） on lipid metabolism in Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats. Methods Five groups of SD rats that ingested 0%, 0.04%, 0.2%, 1%, and 5% TPA, respectively, were included in a 90-day subchronic feeding study. Effects of TPA on levels of serum protein, total cholesterol （TC）, triglycerides （TG）, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL）, total antioxidative capability （T-AOC）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and malondialdehyde （MDA） were observed. Urine samples were collected and analyzed for concentration of ion. Results TPA decreased the level of serum T-AOC in a dose dependent manner. The contents of serum and bladder MDA significantly decreased in 1% and 5% TPA ingestion groups. Serum CuZn superoxide dismutase （CuZnSOD） lowered in groups of 0.2%, 1%, and 5% TPA. TPA subchronic feeding had no significant influences on serum TC, LDL or HDL, but increased serum TG, TP and ALB after administration of 0.04% and/or 0.2% TPA. Concentrations of urinary Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, Na^＋, and K^＋ were elevated in 1% and 5% TPA groups. Conclusion Antioxidative potential decreased after TPA exposure. MDAincrease in serum and bladder tissues was one of the most important reactions in rats which could protect themselves against TPA impairment. The decrease of serum CuZnSOD was related to the excretion of Zn^2＋.展开更多
Objective: To study the effect of Biejiajian Oral Liquid (BOL) on the rennin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) in plasma of hepatic fibrosis rats and in hepatic stellate cell (HSC) of normal rats. We explore the m...Objective: To study the effect of Biejiajian Oral Liquid (BOL) on the rennin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) in plasma of hepatic fibrosis rats and in hepatic stellate cell (HSC) of normal rats. We explore the mechanism of BOL on inhibiting the activation of HSC and illustrate its mechanism of anti-hepatic fibrosis further. Methods: SD Rats were divided into 5 groups randomly: normal control group, model group, Enalapril group and BOL groups with different concentration (2.0 g/ml or 1.0 g/ml). Every group was administered with CCl4 and olive oil solution to induce hepatic fibrosis except normal one. Each group was treated with the respective drug for 5 weeks and then got the blood. The level of renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone in the plasma of liver fibrosis rats were detected by the radioimmunoassay. By using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to measure the gene expression of the rennin, ACE, angiotensinogen, AT1R and ALD. The AT1R gene expression in normal HSC was determined by the immunohistochemical measurement. Results: BOL could effectively reduce the activity of the PRA, AngIIand ALD, which showed a significant effect on the inhibition of the AngII (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, compared with the normal control group, there was a notable inhibitory action on the PRA of HSC which was administrated by serum containing BOL (P < 0.05). And yet, drug applied group showed no difference with the model group for other factors of the RAAS. Conclusion: BOL can inhibit the expression of RAAS in the rat plasma and can inhibit the expression of the mRNA of renin in the normal HSC, which could be the mechanism of anti-hepatic fibrosis.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the activity of Egyptian propolis extracts(ethanol and water)on cryptosporidiosis in experimentally infected dexamethasone-immunosuppressed rats.Methods:A total of 180 male rats(190-220)g BWt ...Objective:To investigate the activity of Egyptian propolis extracts(ethanol and water)on cryptosporidiosis in experimentally infected dexamethasone-immunosuppressed rats.Methods:A total of 180 male rats(190-220)g BWt were randomly divided into 9 equal groups(G1-G9).Groups of rats were kept as(G1):normal control,(G2-G9):immunosuppressed with dexamethasone and(G3-G9):infected with Cryptosporidium oocysts.Rats from(G4to G9)were given orally ethanol and water extract of propolis(at a dose of 50 mg/kg BWt)and nitazoxanide(standard anti-cryptosporidial drug at a dose of 100 mg/kg BWt)to infected rats with different regimes.Faecal pellets were collected from all groups to monitor oocysts shedding from the 2nd to the 15th day post infection.At the end of the experiment,blood was collected from all groups for determination of leukogram and serum proteins.Ileum specimens were also examined histopathologically.Results:The highest reduction of oocysts shedding in faecal samples was 88%in rats prophylactically treated with propolis ethanol extract at the 4th dpi,and in rats prophylactically treated with water extract of propolis,was91%at the 6th dpi.There was a marked increase in neutrophils count and α_2-andβ-globulins levels in infected rats treated with both extracts,while a significant decrease was detected in lymphocytes compared to the infected non treated group.β-globulin level markedly increased in the rats administered nitazoxanide.Histopathological changes were observed in the ileum of rats infected with Cryptosporidium.Conclusions:Egyptian propolis extracts have an activity on cryptosporidiosis in rats.Moreover,propolis modulated the immunity in dexamethasone-immunosuppressed rats.展开更多
The content of somatostatin(SS) in hippocampus,striatum and frontal cortex tissues of rats exposed to 600 kpa hyperbaric oxygen was determined by means of radioimmunoassay. Initial time of convulsion, severity of conv...The content of somatostatin(SS) in hippocampus,striatum and frontal cortex tissues of rats exposed to 600 kpa hyperbaric oxygen was determined by means of radioimmunoassay. Initial time of convulsion, severity of convulsion and survival time of rats with convulsion exposed to 700 kPa hyperbaric oxygen after intraperitoneal injection of cysteamine (CSH) or intracerebroventricular injection of anti-somatostatin serum(ASS) were also observed. The results showed that the content of SS in hippocampus and striatum tissues increased remarkably when rats were at near-convulsion ; by the time the rats developed convulsion,it had a significant increase in all brain areas observed. Intraperitoneal injection of CSH or intracerebroventricular injection of ASS could delay initial time of convulsion (ITC),prolong survival time (ST) and reduce severity of convulsion (SOC). These results suggest that SS might play a role in oxygen-induced convulsion and be one of the endogenous agents which caused oxygeninduced convulsion.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Fund of China (No.30872088)Technology Development Plan of Shandong Province(No.2012GSF11854)
文摘To study biomarker of acrylamide （ACR） induced neuropathy, Wistar rats received 20 or 40 mg/kg of ACR by ip injection and the levels of light neurofilament （NF-L）, middle NF （NF-M）, heavy NF （NF-H）, β-actin, α-tubulin, and β-tubulin proteins in serum were evaluated using both SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Compared to controls, NF-L and NF-M decreased,
文摘A simple and sensitive reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed for the determination of glimepiride in rat serum. The assay involves one step liquid-liquid extraction with methanol. Gliclazide was used as an internal standard. Chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column using a mobile phase of methanol: 10mM phosphate buffer (80:20 v/v) adjusted to pH 3.0 with orthophosphoric acid, at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and UV detection at 230 nm. The retention time of glimepiride and gliclazide was found to be 5.5 and 4.0 min and separation was complete in less than 10 min. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy and precision were found to be acceptable over the range of 0.5 - 500 μg/mL for glimepiride. The method was found suitable to analyse rat serum samples for application in pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, bioavailability/bioequivalence studies.
基金supported by Liaoning Nature Science Foundation of China(project number 2015020466)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(project number 81072311)
文摘Rats were exposed to1 or 10 μg/mL bisphenol A （BPA） in water during pregnancy and lactation. Offspring rats were given normal water and a standard diet from weaning to postnatal day （PND） 50. Perinatal exposure to BPA resulted in significantly increased body weight, visceral adipose tissue, abnormal serum lipids, and lower adiponectin （ADP） levels in both female and male offspring rats. Liver adipose triglyceride lipase （Atgl） mRNA levels and ADP protein in visceral adipose tissue were significantly decreased in BPA-exposed offspring rats. In both female or male offspring rats, obesity and dyslipidemia induced by perinatal exposure to BPA were associated with down regulation of Atgl mRNA in liver and ADP protein in visceral adipose tissue.
文摘The effects of instilled silica have been studied on the serum-phospholipid (PL), lipid peroxide (LPO) and histopathology of rat lung up to 140 days from the first day of instillation. Silica induced relatively higher serum-PL throughout the experiment. The level of LPO also increased appreciably. They presented positive linear correlation. The early lesion was acute alveolitis with silica particles. These lesions became silicotic nodules on the 30th day, which then were enlarged gradually and fused by fibrosis. Alveolar macrophages (AM) were activated and surface structure was damaged. These results indicate that instilled sillca can induce lipid peroxidation of cell membrane and selective accumulation of lung PL
文摘Objective:To investigate antidiabetic,hypolipidemic histopathological analysis of Dillenia indica(D.indica) methanolic leaves(DIME) extract in alloxan induced diabetic rat by administering oral doses(250 and 500 mg/kg body weight).Methods:Blood glucose levels were measured using blood glucose test strips with elegance glucometer on weekly intervals till the end of study(i.e.3 weeks).Other parameters e.g.liver profile,renal profile and total lipid levels were determined in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats after oral administration of the extract for 21 days.Histopathological changes in diabetic rat organs(pancreas,liver and kidney) were also observed after extract treatment Results:Daily oral administration DIME(250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) and glibenclamide(10 mg/kg) showed beneficial effects on blood glucose level (P【0.001) as well as improving kidney,liver functions and hyperlipidaemia due to diabetes. The extract treatment also showed to enhanced serum insulin level and body weight of diabetic rats as compared to diabetic control group.Furthermore,the extract has a favorable effect on the histopathological changes of the pancreas,liver and kidney in alloxan induced diabetes. Conclusions:D.indica possess antidiabetic property as well improve body weight,liver profile, renal profile and total lipid levels.DIME has also favorable effect to inhibit the histopathological changes of the pancreas and kidney in alloxan induced diabetes.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30170798), the Preliminary Study of an Important Project in the National Basic Research, MOST (No. 2001CCA04900) and the Greatest Project in the National Basic Research (No. 2002CB512908).
文摘Objective To study the effect of terephthalic acid （TPA） on lipid metabolism in Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats. Methods Five groups of SD rats that ingested 0%, 0.04%, 0.2%, 1%, and 5% TPA, respectively, were included in a 90-day subchronic feeding study. Effects of TPA on levels of serum protein, total cholesterol （TC）, triglycerides （TG）, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL）, total antioxidative capability （T-AOC）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and malondialdehyde （MDA） were observed. Urine samples were collected and analyzed for concentration of ion. Results TPA decreased the level of serum T-AOC in a dose dependent manner. The contents of serum and bladder MDA significantly decreased in 1% and 5% TPA ingestion groups. Serum CuZn superoxide dismutase （CuZnSOD） lowered in groups of 0.2%, 1%, and 5% TPA. TPA subchronic feeding had no significant influences on serum TC, LDL or HDL, but increased serum TG, TP and ALB after administration of 0.04% and/or 0.2% TPA. Concentrations of urinary Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, Na^＋, and K^＋ were elevated in 1% and 5% TPA groups. Conclusion Antioxidative potential decreased after TPA exposure. MDAincrease in serum and bladder tissues was one of the most important reactions in rats which could protect themselves against TPA impairment. The decrease of serum CuZnSOD was related to the excretion of Zn^2＋.
文摘Objective: To study the effect of Biejiajian Oral Liquid (BOL) on the rennin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) in plasma of hepatic fibrosis rats and in hepatic stellate cell (HSC) of normal rats. We explore the mechanism of BOL on inhibiting the activation of HSC and illustrate its mechanism of anti-hepatic fibrosis further. Methods: SD Rats were divided into 5 groups randomly: normal control group, model group, Enalapril group and BOL groups with different concentration (2.0 g/ml or 1.0 g/ml). Every group was administered with CCl4 and olive oil solution to induce hepatic fibrosis except normal one. Each group was treated with the respective drug for 5 weeks and then got the blood. The level of renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone in the plasma of liver fibrosis rats were detected by the radioimmunoassay. By using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to measure the gene expression of the rennin, ACE, angiotensinogen, AT1R and ALD. The AT1R gene expression in normal HSC was determined by the immunohistochemical measurement. Results: BOL could effectively reduce the activity of the PRA, AngIIand ALD, which showed a significant effect on the inhibition of the AngII (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, compared with the normal control group, there was a notable inhibitory action on the PRA of HSC which was administrated by serum containing BOL (P < 0.05). And yet, drug applied group showed no difference with the model group for other factors of the RAAS. Conclusion: BOL can inhibit the expression of RAAS in the rat plasma and can inhibit the expression of the mRNA of renin in the normal HSC, which could be the mechanism of anti-hepatic fibrosis.
文摘Objective:To investigate the activity of Egyptian propolis extracts(ethanol and water)on cryptosporidiosis in experimentally infected dexamethasone-immunosuppressed rats.Methods:A total of 180 male rats(190-220)g BWt were randomly divided into 9 equal groups(G1-G9).Groups of rats were kept as(G1):normal control,(G2-G9):immunosuppressed with dexamethasone and(G3-G9):infected with Cryptosporidium oocysts.Rats from(G4to G9)were given orally ethanol and water extract of propolis(at a dose of 50 mg/kg BWt)and nitazoxanide(standard anti-cryptosporidial drug at a dose of 100 mg/kg BWt)to infected rats with different regimes.Faecal pellets were collected from all groups to monitor oocysts shedding from the 2nd to the 15th day post infection.At the end of the experiment,blood was collected from all groups for determination of leukogram and serum proteins.Ileum specimens were also examined histopathologically.Results:The highest reduction of oocysts shedding in faecal samples was 88%in rats prophylactically treated with propolis ethanol extract at the 4th dpi,and in rats prophylactically treated with water extract of propolis,was91%at the 6th dpi.There was a marked increase in neutrophils count and α_2-andβ-globulins levels in infected rats treated with both extracts,while a significant decrease was detected in lymphocytes compared to the infected non treated group.β-globulin level markedly increased in the rats administered nitazoxanide.Histopathological changes were observed in the ileum of rats infected with Cryptosporidium.Conclusions:Egyptian propolis extracts have an activity on cryptosporidiosis in rats.Moreover,propolis modulated the immunity in dexamethasone-immunosuppressed rats.
文摘The content of somatostatin(SS) in hippocampus,striatum and frontal cortex tissues of rats exposed to 600 kpa hyperbaric oxygen was determined by means of radioimmunoassay. Initial time of convulsion, severity of convulsion and survival time of rats with convulsion exposed to 700 kPa hyperbaric oxygen after intraperitoneal injection of cysteamine (CSH) or intracerebroventricular injection of anti-somatostatin serum(ASS) were also observed. The results showed that the content of SS in hippocampus and striatum tissues increased remarkably when rats were at near-convulsion ; by the time the rats developed convulsion,it had a significant increase in all brain areas observed. Intraperitoneal injection of CSH or intracerebroventricular injection of ASS could delay initial time of convulsion (ITC),prolong survival time (ST) and reduce severity of convulsion (SOC). These results suggest that SS might play a role in oxygen-induced convulsion and be one of the endogenous agents which caused oxygeninduced convulsion.
