BACKGROUND Gait is influenced by race,age,and diseases type.Reference values for gait are closely related to numerous health outcomes.To gain a comprehensive understanding of gait patterns,particularly in relation to ...BACKGROUND Gait is influenced by race,age,and diseases type.Reference values for gait are closely related to numerous health outcomes.To gain a comprehensive understanding of gait patterns,particularly in relation to race-related pathologies and disorders,it is crucial to establish reference values for gait in daily life considering sex and age.Therefore,our objective was to present sex and age-based reference values for gait in daily life,providing a valuable foundation for further research and clinical applications.AIM To establish reference values for lower extremity joint kinematics and kinetics during gait in asymptomatic adult women and men.METHODS Spatiotemporal,kinematics and kinetics parameters were measured in 171 healthy adults(70 males and 101 females)using the computer-aided soft tissue foot model.Full curve statistical parametric mapping was performed using independent and paired-samples t-tests.RESULTS Compared with females,males required more time(cycle time,double-limb support time,stance time,swing time,and stride time),and the differences were statistically significant.In addition,the step and stride lengths of males were longer.Compared to males,female cadence was faster,and statures-per-second and stride-per-minute were higher.There were no statistical differences in speed and stride width between the two groups.After adjusting for height,it was observed that women walked significantly faster than men,and they also had a higher cadence.However,in terms of step length,stride length,and stride width,both genders exhibited similarities.CONCLUSION We established reference values for gait speed and spatiotemporal gait parameters in Chinese university students.This contributes to a valuable database for gait assessment and evaluation of preventive or rehabilitative programs.展开更多
Objective To supply a scientific basis for standardizing the normal reference value of forced vital capacity(FVC)of Chinese younger women.Methods We studied the relationship between the normal reference value of 21767...Objective To supply a scientific basis for standardizing the normal reference value of forced vital capacity(FVC)of Chinese younger women.Methods We studied the relationship between the normal reference value of 21767 samples of FVC of younger women and eight geographical factors in 157 areas in China.Results It was found that the correlation between geographical factors and the normal reference value of FVC of younger women was quite significant(F=5.884,P=0.000).By adopting the method of mathematical regression analysis,one regression equation was inferred:=3.146+0.00006919X1+0.01315X4-0.006966X6+0.09524X8±0.254.In the above equation,is the normal reference value of younger women' FVC(L);X1 is the altitude(m);X4 is the annual mean air temperature(℃);X6 is the annual mean relative humidity(%);X8 is the annual mean wind speed(m/s);0.254 is the value of the residual standard deviation.Conclusion If geographical values are obtained in a certain area,the normal reference value of FVC of younger women in this area can be obtained by using the regression equation.Furthermore,according to the geographical factors,China can be divided into eight regions:Northeast China Region,North China Region,Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia Region,middle and lower reaches of the Yangzte River Region,Southeast China Region,Northwest China Region,Southwest China Region,and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Region.展开更多
The workers’biological standard value(WBSV)is generally used to assess chemicals health risks in community.It may cause the deviate biomonitoring.Therefore,this study was aimed to set the pilot reference value for ex...The workers’biological standard value(WBSV)is generally used to assess chemicals health risks in community.It may cause the deviate biomonitoring.Therefore,this study was aimed to set the pilot reference value for exposed people to chemicals.The study was divided into three phases:the two phases for field-study method and one phase for stakeholder’s adoption.Phase I was proceeded in one industrial zone in Thailand during the years 2012-2014 to collect blood and urine samples of 402 working-age people in community accompanied with in-depth interview.The 4 heavy metals(arsenic,cadmium,lead,mercury)in blood and urine were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy(AAS)analysis and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).The metabolites of 4 volatile organic compounds(VOCs,benzene,toluene,styrene,xylenes)in urine were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)analysis.The 8 chemicals concentrations of the volunteers’average chemicals concentration(VACC)were calculated.Phase II was proceeded during the years 2015-2016 to compare risk group identification between usage of VACC and usage of WBSV.The results were presented in mean value,standard deviation,percentage,and significant.The results showed approximately 90 percent of VACCs were lower than WBSV.The exceptional result was volunteers’average urinary arsenic concentration.It was clearly higher than WBSV.The comparative results showed the adjusted amount of risk people by VACC was higher than the adjusted amount risk people by WBSV.Phase III was proceeded in the year 2017 for stakeholder’s adoption.This study indicated that general people’s average chemicals concentration should be used as the reference value for biomonitoring and active health surveillance.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the validity of current spirometric reference values for healthy adults in Shanghai.Methods Healthy non-smoking adults without respiratory diseases were randomly enrolled in the study.Gender,age,...Objective To evaluate the validity of current spirometric reference values for healthy adults in Shanghai.Methods Healthy non-smoking adults without respiratory diseases were randomly enrolled in the study.Gender,age,standing height,body weight and spirometric parameters were obtained.The parameters were compared with reference values from current prediction equations with or without conversion factors.Results A total of 127 healthy adults (60 males and 67 females) aged 18-57 years participated in the study.In the study,pulmonary function parameters of healthy adults,especially of female adults were higher than predicted values,according to prediction equations from Chinese subjects in Shanghai.There were discrepancies between measuring values and reference values from foreign prediction equations with or without conversion factors.Conclusion Spirometric parameters of healthy adults,especially female population in Shanghai might be underestimated by present reference values from Chinese subjects.Foreign reference values and their conversion factors are not able to match measuring values.Validity of spirometric reference values for adults in Shanghai should be reassessed.展开更多
Objective:To determine the age-specific reference ranges of prostate-specific antigen(PSA)in the older men in the city of Amirkola.Methods:This cross-sectional study is a part of Amirkola Health and Ageing Project(AHA...Objective:To determine the age-specific reference ranges of prostate-specific antigen(PSA)in the older men in the city of Amirkola.Methods:This cross-sectional study is a part of Amirkola Health and Ageing Project(AHAP)which has been conducted as a cohort study since 2011 in Amirkola,a city in northern Iran.The demographic information of all men aged 60 and older were collected through questionnaires and interviews and the PSA measurements were performed using ELISA and Diametra kit.The acquired data were analyzed afterwards.Results:A number of 837 elderly men with a mean age of 69.99±7.72 years participated in this study.The serum PSA level(95th percentile)was determined to be 0.9(0-4.89)ng/mL in the age group of 60-64 years,1.1(0-4.88)ng/mL in the age group of 65-69 years,0.93(0-9.01)ng/mL in the age group of 70-74 years,1.3(0-7.95)ng/mL in the age group of 75-79 years,1.9(0-11.98 ng/mL)in the age group of 80-84 years,and 1.45(0-33.17)ng/mL in the 85 and older group.The serum PSA level was significantly correlated with age(p=0.000).Conclusion:This study indicated that there is a direct correlation between the age and serum PSA levels.The use of age-specific reference range could guide clinicians on the incidence of prostate cancer in this population and perhaps reduce the number of unnecessary tests in this population group.展开更多
The lack of synergy between infrastructure financing mechanisms and mechanisms for combating climate change does not favor the definition of sustainable infrastructure in Cameroon. The definition of a sustainable infr...The lack of synergy between infrastructure financing mechanisms and mechanisms for combating climate change does not favor the definition of sustainable infrastructure in Cameroon. The definition of a sustainable infrastructure could meet the requirements of these mechanisms, thanks to the control of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions during its installation, in relation to a predefined value. However, the promotion of efforts to reduce emissions from new infrastructures is not subject to a local market. This situation is a limit in the implementation of the policies defined in the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). This article proposes a framework for promoting reduction efforts for a national carbon market, in favor of hydroelectric infrastructures. Thanks to the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) environmental assessment tool, we are going to determine the carbon quota for a specific power. The study carried out on the hydroelectric power station of Mekin (HydroMekin) leads us to a reduction effort of 68.2% compared to the threshold defined at 14.057 gCO<sub>2eq</sub>/kWh<sub>e</sub>. The framework, developed, contributes to defining the environmental parameters in the decarbonation strategy during the implementation of new hydroelectric infrastructures and the market carbon design elements special to the construction phase of these infrastructures.展开更多
The formation of glycohemoglobin, especially the hemoglobin A1c(Hb_(A1c)) fraction, occurs when glucose becomes coupled with the amino acid valine in the β-chain of Hb; this reaction is dependent on the plasma concen...The formation of glycohemoglobin, especially the hemoglobin A1c(Hb_(A1c)) fraction, occurs when glucose becomes coupled with the amino acid valine in the β-chain of Hb; this reaction is dependent on the plasma concentration of glucose. Since the early 1970 s it has been known that diabetics display higher values of Hb_(A1c) because they have elevated blood glucose concentrations. Thus Hb_(A1c) has acquired a very important role in the treatment and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. After the introduction of the first quantitative measurement of Hb_(A1c), numerous methods for glycohemoglobin have been introduced with different assay principles: From a simple minicolumn technique to the very accurate automated highpressure chromatography and lastly to many automated immunochemical or enzymatic assays. In early days, the results of the quality control reports for Hb_(A1c) varied extensively between laboratories, therefore in United States and Canada working groups(WG) of the Diabetes Controls and Complications Trial(DCCT) were set up to standardize the Hb_(A1c) assays against the DCCT/National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program reference method based on liquid chromatography. In the 1990 s, the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine(IFCC) appointed a new WG to plan a reference preparation and method for the Hb_(A1c) measurement. When the reference procedureswere established, in 2004 IFCC recommended that all manufacturers for equipment used in Hb_(A1c) assays should calibrate their methods to their proposals. This led to an improvement in the coefficient of variation(CV%) associated with the assay. In this review, we describe the glycation of Hb, methods, standardization of the Hb_(A1c) assays, analytical problems, problems with the units in which Hb_(A1c) values are expressed, reference values, quality control aspects, target requirements for Hb_(A1c), and the relationship of the plasma glucose values to Hb_(A1c) concentrations. We also note that the acceptance of the mmol/mol system for Hb_(A1c) as recommended by IFCC, i.e., the new unit and reference ranges, are becoming only slowly accepted outside of Europe where it seems that expressing Hb_(A1c) values either only in per cent units or with parallel reporting of percent and mmol/mol will continue. We believe that these issues should be resolved in the future and that it would avoid confusion if mmol/mol unit for Hb_(A1c) were to gain worldwide acceptance.展开更多
Most left ventricular(LV)Doppler measurements vary significantly with age and gender,making it necessary to correct them for physiological variances.We aimed to verify the hypothesis that different Doppler measurement...Most left ventricular(LV)Doppler measurements vary significantly with age and gender,making it necessary to correct them for physiological variances.We aimed to verify the hypothesis that different Doppler measurements correlate nonlinearly with different biometric variables raised to different scaling factors and exponents.In this work,a total of 23 LV Doppler parameters were measured in 1224 healthy Chinese adults.An optimized multivariable allometric model(OMAM)and scaling equations were developed in 70%of the subjects(group A),and the reliability of the model and equations was verified using the remaining 30%of the subjects(group B)as well as 183 overweight subjects(group C).The single-variable isometric model(SVIM)with body surface area(BSA)as a scaling variable was used for comparison.Before correction,all 23 LV Doppler parameters correlated significantly with one or more of the biometric variables.In group B,gender differences were found in 47.8%(11/23)of the parameters and were eliminated in 81.8%(9/11)of the parameters after correction with OMAM.The successful correction rate with OMAM was 100%(23/23)in group B and 82.6%(19/23)in group C.New reference values for corrected Doppler measurements independent of biometric variables were established.The SVIM with BSA successfully corrected none of the 23 parameters.In conclusion,different LV Doppler parameters allometrically correlated with one or more of the biometric variables.The novel OMAM developed in this study successfully corrected the effects of the physiological variances of most biometric variables on Doppler measurements in healthy and overweight subjects,and was found to be far superior to the SVIM.However,whether the OMAM equations can be applied to other ethnicities,obese subjects,and pathological conditions requires further investigation.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Morbidity and mortality in paediatric practice is dominated in Africa by malaria, diarrhoeal diseases and acute respiratory infections. <strong>Aim:</strong> In o...<strong>Introduction:</strong> Morbidity and mortality in paediatric practice is dominated in Africa by malaria, diarrhoeal diseases and acute respiratory infections. <strong>Aim:</strong> In order to evaluate the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) with the formulas commonly used by medical laboratories, we proposed to undertake this study. <strong>Patients and Method:</strong> This was a descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study conducted at the PA and KA medical biology laboratory in Bamako Hamdalaye ACI 2000 in collaboration with the medical biology and hospital hygiene laboratory service at the Point G University Hospital. <strong>Results:</strong> During the study period, we recruited 360 subjects, 189 of whom were male (52.5%) and 171 female (47.5%). The mean age was 8.75 ± 4.8 years with extremes of 1 and 17 years. Subjects aged 15 to 17 years were the most numerous. The reference means GFR of the subjects according to age was with the SCHWARTZ formula 179.16 ± 50.47 with extremes of 173.93 and 184.39;with CKD-Epi 37.63 ± 11.25 with extremes of 36.46 and 38.79;with MAYO 107.87 ± 18.11 with extremes of 105.99 and 109.75 and MDRD 350.83 ± 251.15 with extremes of 324.79 and 376.86. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The Mayo formula showed a better distribution around the mean than other formulas for estimating the glomerular filtration rate.展开更多
Ecological product is an innovative practice for ecological valuations in China. Due to the influence of historical conditions and development stages in China, research on the realization of ecological valuations has ...Ecological product is an innovative practice for ecological valuations in China. Due to the influence of historical conditions and development stages in China, research on the realization of ecological valuations has lagged. In the new era, the construction of an ecological civilization guided by the "Two Mountains" theory has been promoted to the national strategic level and is supporting the growth of theoretical research and practical exploration based on the understanding of ecological product values. We want to innovate and improve the system used to realize the value of ecological products by applying the existing research, which focuses on the concept definition of ecological products and their correlation theories. Through systematic expansion and upgrades in this system, the evaluation accuracy of ecological products can be improved, providing valuable references for further practical exploration and promoting an ecological culture in China.展开更多
基金Supported by Major Project of the Co-construction Science and Technology Program between the Science and Technology Department of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Zhejiang Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.GZY-ZJ-KJ-23040Zhejiang Medical and Health Science and Technology Project,No.2022497035+2 种基金Quzhou City Science and Technology Project,No.2022K75Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Scientific Research Fund Project,No.2021FSYYZZ09,No.2021FSYYZZ14The study was reviewed and approved by the Department of Orthopedics,The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University(Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine)Institutional Review Board[Approval No.2023-K-162-01].
文摘BACKGROUND Gait is influenced by race,age,and diseases type.Reference values for gait are closely related to numerous health outcomes.To gain a comprehensive understanding of gait patterns,particularly in relation to race-related pathologies and disorders,it is crucial to establish reference values for gait in daily life considering sex and age.Therefore,our objective was to present sex and age-based reference values for gait in daily life,providing a valuable foundation for further research and clinical applications.AIM To establish reference values for lower extremity joint kinematics and kinetics during gait in asymptomatic adult women and men.METHODS Spatiotemporal,kinematics and kinetics parameters were measured in 171 healthy adults(70 males and 101 females)using the computer-aided soft tissue foot model.Full curve statistical parametric mapping was performed using independent and paired-samples t-tests.RESULTS Compared with females,males required more time(cycle time,double-limb support time,stance time,swing time,and stride time),and the differences were statistically significant.In addition,the step and stride lengths of males were longer.Compared to males,female cadence was faster,and statures-per-second and stride-per-minute were higher.There were no statistical differences in speed and stride width between the two groups.After adjusting for height,it was observed that women walked significantly faster than men,and they also had a higher cadence.However,in terms of step length,stride length,and stride width,both genders exhibited similarities.CONCLUSION We established reference values for gait speed and spatiotemporal gait parameters in Chinese university students.This contributes to a valuable database for gait assessment and evaluation of preventive or rehabilitative programs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40671005)
文摘Objective To supply a scientific basis for standardizing the normal reference value of forced vital capacity(FVC)of Chinese younger women.Methods We studied the relationship between the normal reference value of 21767 samples of FVC of younger women and eight geographical factors in 157 areas in China.Results It was found that the correlation between geographical factors and the normal reference value of FVC of younger women was quite significant(F=5.884,P=0.000).By adopting the method of mathematical regression analysis,one regression equation was inferred:=3.146+0.00006919X1+0.01315X4-0.006966X6+0.09524X8±0.254.In the above equation,is the normal reference value of younger women' FVC(L);X1 is the altitude(m);X4 is the annual mean air temperature(℃);X6 is the annual mean relative humidity(%);X8 is the annual mean wind speed(m/s);0.254 is the value of the residual standard deviation.Conclusion If geographical values are obtained in a certain area,the normal reference value of FVC of younger women in this area can be obtained by using the regression equation.Furthermore,according to the geographical factors,China can be divided into eight regions:Northeast China Region,North China Region,Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia Region,middle and lower reaches of the Yangzte River Region,Southeast China Region,Northwest China Region,Southwest China Region,and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Region.
文摘The workers’biological standard value(WBSV)is generally used to assess chemicals health risks in community.It may cause the deviate biomonitoring.Therefore,this study was aimed to set the pilot reference value for exposed people to chemicals.The study was divided into three phases:the two phases for field-study method and one phase for stakeholder’s adoption.Phase I was proceeded in one industrial zone in Thailand during the years 2012-2014 to collect blood and urine samples of 402 working-age people in community accompanied with in-depth interview.The 4 heavy metals(arsenic,cadmium,lead,mercury)in blood and urine were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy(AAS)analysis and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).The metabolites of 4 volatile organic compounds(VOCs,benzene,toluene,styrene,xylenes)in urine were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)analysis.The 8 chemicals concentrations of the volunteers’average chemicals concentration(VACC)were calculated.Phase II was proceeded during the years 2015-2016 to compare risk group identification between usage of VACC and usage of WBSV.The results were presented in mean value,standard deviation,percentage,and significant.The results showed approximately 90 percent of VACCs were lower than WBSV.The exceptional result was volunteers’average urinary arsenic concentration.It was clearly higher than WBSV.The comparative results showed the adjusted amount of risk people by VACC was higher than the adjusted amount risk people by WBSV.Phase III was proceeded in the year 2017 for stakeholder’s adoption.This study indicated that general people’s average chemicals concentration should be used as the reference value for biomonitoring and active health surveillance.
基金Supported by Foundation of the Chinese Medical Association (07010280036)
文摘Objective To evaluate the validity of current spirometric reference values for healthy adults in Shanghai.Methods Healthy non-smoking adults without respiratory diseases were randomly enrolled in the study.Gender,age,standing height,body weight and spirometric parameters were obtained.The parameters were compared with reference values from current prediction equations with or without conversion factors.Results A total of 127 healthy adults (60 males and 67 females) aged 18-57 years participated in the study.In the study,pulmonary function parameters of healthy adults,especially of female adults were higher than predicted values,according to prediction equations from Chinese subjects in Shanghai.There were discrepancies between measuring values and reference values from foreign prediction equations with or without conversion factors.Conclusion Spirometric parameters of healthy adults,especially female population in Shanghai might be underestimated by present reference values from Chinese subjects.Foreign reference values and their conversion factors are not able to match measuring values.Validity of spirometric reference values for adults in Shanghai should be reassessed.
文摘Objective:To determine the age-specific reference ranges of prostate-specific antigen(PSA)in the older men in the city of Amirkola.Methods:This cross-sectional study is a part of Amirkola Health and Ageing Project(AHAP)which has been conducted as a cohort study since 2011 in Amirkola,a city in northern Iran.The demographic information of all men aged 60 and older were collected through questionnaires and interviews and the PSA measurements were performed using ELISA and Diametra kit.The acquired data were analyzed afterwards.Results:A number of 837 elderly men with a mean age of 69.99±7.72 years participated in this study.The serum PSA level(95th percentile)was determined to be 0.9(0-4.89)ng/mL in the age group of 60-64 years,1.1(0-4.88)ng/mL in the age group of 65-69 years,0.93(0-9.01)ng/mL in the age group of 70-74 years,1.3(0-7.95)ng/mL in the age group of 75-79 years,1.9(0-11.98 ng/mL)in the age group of 80-84 years,and 1.45(0-33.17)ng/mL in the 85 and older group.The serum PSA level was significantly correlated with age(p=0.000).Conclusion:This study indicated that there is a direct correlation between the age and serum PSA levels.The use of age-specific reference range could guide clinicians on the incidence of prostate cancer in this population and perhaps reduce the number of unnecessary tests in this population group.
文摘The lack of synergy between infrastructure financing mechanisms and mechanisms for combating climate change does not favor the definition of sustainable infrastructure in Cameroon. The definition of a sustainable infrastructure could meet the requirements of these mechanisms, thanks to the control of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions during its installation, in relation to a predefined value. However, the promotion of efforts to reduce emissions from new infrastructures is not subject to a local market. This situation is a limit in the implementation of the policies defined in the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). This article proposes a framework for promoting reduction efforts for a national carbon market, in favor of hydroelectric infrastructures. Thanks to the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) environmental assessment tool, we are going to determine the carbon quota for a specific power. The study carried out on the hydroelectric power station of Mekin (HydroMekin) leads us to a reduction effort of 68.2% compared to the threshold defined at 14.057 gCO<sub>2eq</sub>/kWh<sub>e</sub>. The framework, developed, contributes to defining the environmental parameters in the decarbonation strategy during the implementation of new hydroelectric infrastructures and the market carbon design elements special to the construction phase of these infrastructures.
文摘The formation of glycohemoglobin, especially the hemoglobin A1c(Hb_(A1c)) fraction, occurs when glucose becomes coupled with the amino acid valine in the β-chain of Hb; this reaction is dependent on the plasma concentration of glucose. Since the early 1970 s it has been known that diabetics display higher values of Hb_(A1c) because they have elevated blood glucose concentrations. Thus Hb_(A1c) has acquired a very important role in the treatment and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. After the introduction of the first quantitative measurement of Hb_(A1c), numerous methods for glycohemoglobin have been introduced with different assay principles: From a simple minicolumn technique to the very accurate automated highpressure chromatography and lastly to many automated immunochemical or enzymatic assays. In early days, the results of the quality control reports for Hb_(A1c) varied extensively between laboratories, therefore in United States and Canada working groups(WG) of the Diabetes Controls and Complications Trial(DCCT) were set up to standardize the Hb_(A1c) assays against the DCCT/National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program reference method based on liquid chromatography. In the 1990 s, the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine(IFCC) appointed a new WG to plan a reference preparation and method for the Hb_(A1c) measurement. When the reference procedureswere established, in 2004 IFCC recommended that all manufacturers for equipment used in Hb_(A1c) assays should calibrate their methods to their proposals. This led to an improvement in the coefficient of variation(CV%) associated with the assay. In this review, we describe the glycation of Hb, methods, standardization of the Hb_(A1c) assays, analytical problems, problems with the units in which Hb_(A1c) values are expressed, reference values, quality control aspects, target requirements for Hb_(A1c), and the relationship of the plasma glucose values to Hb_(A1c) concentrations. We also note that the acceptance of the mmol/mol system for Hb_(A1c) as recommended by IFCC, i.e., the new unit and reference ranges, are becoming only slowly accepted outside of Europe where it seems that expressing Hb_(A1c) values either only in per cent units or with parallel reporting of percent and mmol/mol will continue. We believe that these issues should be resolved in the future and that it would avoid confusion if mmol/mol unit for Hb_(A1c) were to gain worldwide acceptance.
基金supported by the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(BP 0719033)the State Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82030051)+4 种基金the International Collaboration and Exchange Program of China(81920108003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81671703,81770442,and 11771408)the Qingdao Key Health Discipline Development Fund(3311000000073)the People’s Livelihood Science and Technology Project of Qingdao(18-6-1-62-nsh)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(201964006)。
文摘Most left ventricular(LV)Doppler measurements vary significantly with age and gender,making it necessary to correct them for physiological variances.We aimed to verify the hypothesis that different Doppler measurements correlate nonlinearly with different biometric variables raised to different scaling factors and exponents.In this work,a total of 23 LV Doppler parameters were measured in 1224 healthy Chinese adults.An optimized multivariable allometric model(OMAM)and scaling equations were developed in 70%of the subjects(group A),and the reliability of the model and equations was verified using the remaining 30%of the subjects(group B)as well as 183 overweight subjects(group C).The single-variable isometric model(SVIM)with body surface area(BSA)as a scaling variable was used for comparison.Before correction,all 23 LV Doppler parameters correlated significantly with one or more of the biometric variables.In group B,gender differences were found in 47.8%(11/23)of the parameters and were eliminated in 81.8%(9/11)of the parameters after correction with OMAM.The successful correction rate with OMAM was 100%(23/23)in group B and 82.6%(19/23)in group C.New reference values for corrected Doppler measurements independent of biometric variables were established.The SVIM with BSA successfully corrected none of the 23 parameters.In conclusion,different LV Doppler parameters allometrically correlated with one or more of the biometric variables.The novel OMAM developed in this study successfully corrected the effects of the physiological variances of most biometric variables on Doppler measurements in healthy and overweight subjects,and was found to be far superior to the SVIM.However,whether the OMAM equations can be applied to other ethnicities,obese subjects,and pathological conditions requires further investigation.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> Morbidity and mortality in paediatric practice is dominated in Africa by malaria, diarrhoeal diseases and acute respiratory infections. <strong>Aim:</strong> In order to evaluate the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) with the formulas commonly used by medical laboratories, we proposed to undertake this study. <strong>Patients and Method:</strong> This was a descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study conducted at the PA and KA medical biology laboratory in Bamako Hamdalaye ACI 2000 in collaboration with the medical biology and hospital hygiene laboratory service at the Point G University Hospital. <strong>Results:</strong> During the study period, we recruited 360 subjects, 189 of whom were male (52.5%) and 171 female (47.5%). The mean age was 8.75 ± 4.8 years with extremes of 1 and 17 years. Subjects aged 15 to 17 years were the most numerous. The reference means GFR of the subjects according to age was with the SCHWARTZ formula 179.16 ± 50.47 with extremes of 173.93 and 184.39;with CKD-Epi 37.63 ± 11.25 with extremes of 36.46 and 38.79;with MAYO 107.87 ± 18.11 with extremes of 105.99 and 109.75 and MDRD 350.83 ± 251.15 with extremes of 324.79 and 376.86. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The Mayo formula showed a better distribution around the mean than other formulas for estimating the glomerular filtration rate.
文摘Ecological product is an innovative practice for ecological valuations in China. Due to the influence of historical conditions and development stages in China, research on the realization of ecological valuations has lagged. In the new era, the construction of an ecological civilization guided by the "Two Mountains" theory has been promoted to the national strategic level and is supporting the growth of theoretical research and practical exploration based on the understanding of ecological product values. We want to innovate and improve the system used to realize the value of ecological products by applying the existing research, which focuses on the concept definition of ecological products and their correlation theories. Through systematic expansion and upgrades in this system, the evaluation accuracy of ecological products can be improved, providing valuable references for further practical exploration and promoting an ecological culture in China.
