RNA interference(RNAi)using small interfering RNA(siRNA)has shown potential as a therapeutic option for the treatment of arthritis by silencing specific genes.However,siRNA delivery faces several challenges,including ...RNA interference(RNAi)using small interfering RNA(siRNA)has shown potential as a therapeutic option for the treatment of arthritis by silencing specific genes.However,siRNA delivery faces several challenges,including stability,targeting,off-target effects,endosomal escape,immune response activation,intravascular degradation,and renal clearance.A variety of nanotherapeutics like lipidic nanoparticles,liposomes,polymeric nanoparticles,and solid lipid nanoparticles have been developed to improve siRNA cellular uptake,protect it from degradation,and enhance its therapeutic efficacy.Researchers are also investigating chemical modifications and bioconjugation to reduce its immunogenicity.This review discusses the potential of siRNA nanotherapeutics as a therapeutic option for various immune-mediated diseases,including rheumatoid arthritis,osteoarthritis,etc.siRNA nanotherapeutics have shown an upsurge of interest and the future looks promising for such interdisciplinary approach-based modalities that combine the principles of molecular biology,nanotechnology,and formulation sciences.展开更多
The siRNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles have attracted much attention due to its significant gene silencing effect and successful marketization.However,the in vivo distribution and release of siRNA still cannot be effect...The siRNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles have attracted much attention due to its significant gene silencing effect and successful marketization.However,the in vivo distribution and release of siRNA still cannot be effectively monitored.In this study,based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)principle,a fluorescence dye Cy5-modified survivin siRNA was conjugated to nanogolds(Au-DR-siRNA),which were then wrapped with lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)for monitoring the release behaviour of siRNA in vivo.The results showed that once Au-DR-siRNA was released from the LNPs and cleaved by the Dicer enzyme to produce free siRNA in cells,the fluorescence of Cy5 would change from quenched state to activated state,showing the location and time of siRNA release.Besides,the LNPs showed a significant antitumor effect by silencing the survivin gene and a CT imaging function superior to iohexol by nanogolds.Therefore,this work provided not only an effective method for monitoring the pharmacokinetic behaviour of LNP-based siRNA,but also a siRNA delivery system for treating and diagnosing tumors.展开更多
How to effectively transform the pro-oncogenic tumor microenvironments(TME)surrounding a tumor into an anti-tumoral never fails to attract people to study.Small interfering RNA(siRNA)is considered one of the most note...How to effectively transform the pro-oncogenic tumor microenvironments(TME)surrounding a tumor into an anti-tumoral never fails to attract people to study.Small interfering RNA(siRNA)is considered one of the most noteworthy research directions that can regulate gene expression following a process known as RNA interference(RNAi).The research about siRNA delivery targeting tumor cells and TME has been on the rise in recent years.Using siRNA drugs to silence critical proteins in TME was one of the most efficient solutions.However,the manufacture of a siRNA delivery system faces three major obstacles,i.e.,appropriate cargo protection,accurately targeted delivery,and site-specific cargo release.In the following review,we summarized the pharmacological actions of siRNA drugs in remolding TME.In addition,the delivery strategies of siRNA drugs and combination therapy with siRNA drugs to remodel TME are thoroughly discussed.In the meanwhile,the most recent advancements in the development of all clinically investigated and commercialized siRNA delivery technologies are also presented.Ultimately,we propose that nanoparticle drug delivery siRNA may be the future research focus of oncogene therapy.This summary offers a thorough analysis and roadmap for general readers working in the field.展开更多
文摘RNA interference(RNAi)using small interfering RNA(siRNA)has shown potential as a therapeutic option for the treatment of arthritis by silencing specific genes.However,siRNA delivery faces several challenges,including stability,targeting,off-target effects,endosomal escape,immune response activation,intravascular degradation,and renal clearance.A variety of nanotherapeutics like lipidic nanoparticles,liposomes,polymeric nanoparticles,and solid lipid nanoparticles have been developed to improve siRNA cellular uptake,protect it from degradation,and enhance its therapeutic efficacy.Researchers are also investigating chemical modifications and bioconjugation to reduce its immunogenicity.This review discusses the potential of siRNA nanotherapeutics as a therapeutic option for various immune-mediated diseases,including rheumatoid arthritis,osteoarthritis,etc.siRNA nanotherapeutics have shown an upsurge of interest and the future looks promising for such interdisciplinary approach-based modalities that combine the principles of molecular biology,nanotechnology,and formulation sciences.
基金by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81872812,82073800)the China Postdoctoral Science Fundation(2021TQ0111,2021M691040).
文摘The siRNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles have attracted much attention due to its significant gene silencing effect and successful marketization.However,the in vivo distribution and release of siRNA still cannot be effectively monitored.In this study,based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)principle,a fluorescence dye Cy5-modified survivin siRNA was conjugated to nanogolds(Au-DR-siRNA),which were then wrapped with lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)for monitoring the release behaviour of siRNA in vivo.The results showed that once Au-DR-siRNA was released from the LNPs and cleaved by the Dicer enzyme to produce free siRNA in cells,the fluorescence of Cy5 would change from quenched state to activated state,showing the location and time of siRNA release.Besides,the LNPs showed a significant antitumor effect by silencing the survivin gene and a CT imaging function superior to iohexol by nanogolds.Therefore,this work provided not only an effective method for monitoring the pharmacokinetic behaviour of LNP-based siRNA,but also a siRNA delivery system for treating and diagnosing tumors.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(U2230123,81870683,82121003 and 82201234)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2019-I2M-5-032)the Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province,China(22ZYZYTS0159,2022YFS0606,2023YFS0125,2023YFS0131,2023NSFSC0033,and 22ZYZYTS0151)
文摘How to effectively transform the pro-oncogenic tumor microenvironments(TME)surrounding a tumor into an anti-tumoral never fails to attract people to study.Small interfering RNA(siRNA)is considered one of the most noteworthy research directions that can regulate gene expression following a process known as RNA interference(RNAi).The research about siRNA delivery targeting tumor cells and TME has been on the rise in recent years.Using siRNA drugs to silence critical proteins in TME was one of the most efficient solutions.However,the manufacture of a siRNA delivery system faces three major obstacles,i.e.,appropriate cargo protection,accurately targeted delivery,and site-specific cargo release.In the following review,we summarized the pharmacological actions of siRNA drugs in remolding TME.In addition,the delivery strategies of siRNA drugs and combination therapy with siRNA drugs to remodel TME are thoroughly discussed.In the meanwhile,the most recent advancements in the development of all clinically investigated and commercialized siRNA delivery technologies are also presented.Ultimately,we propose that nanoparticle drug delivery siRNA may be the future research focus of oncogene therapy.This summary offers a thorough analysis and roadmap for general readers working in the field.
