Nowadays,to improve English learning capability,an increasing number of Chinese students choose to study abroad.As a member of International students,I have a puzzle about why I am less motivated to learn English in C...Nowadays,to improve English learning capability,an increasing number of Chinese students choose to study abroad.As a member of International students,I have a puzzle about why I am less motivated to learn English in China than in England,which is the same as the puzzle of a large proportion of international students.Furthermore,self-determination theory(SDT)focuses on students’learning motivation,therefore SDT helps investigate the international students’puzzle which related to language learning motivation.展开更多
With the continuous development and progress of economy,people's living standard and culture level have been improved,but with it,there are also various kinds of life stress,study stress and work stress,which make...With the continuous development and progress of economy,people's living standard and culture level have been improved,but with it,there are also various kinds of life stress,study stress and work stress,which make people's mental health problems in life more andmore prominent,and how to improve students'mental health level is the main task of each education stage.The current psychology discipline system has been perfected,including personality psychology and social psychology,which are effectively applied in the actual mental health education or psychological guidance work,and are key disciplines to improve people's mental health.The theoretical system of personality and social psychology consists of three theories:the theory of planned behavior,the theory of explanatory levels,and the theory of self-determination,all of which have an irreplaceable influence on mental health.In this regard,this paper combines relevant literature and work experience to study in depth the influence of personality ansocial psychology on mental health.展开更多
Background:Recently,Mullen et al.(2011)presented an 8-item version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale(PACES)that provides a valid instrument for assessing enjoyment in physical activity.The present paper investi...Background:Recently,Mullen et al.(2011)presented an 8-item version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale(PACES)that provides a valid instrument for assessing enjoyment in physical activity.The present paper investigated the psychometric properties of a Portuguese adaptation of PACES.Methods:After a process of back-to-back translation into Portuguese,395 members of fitness centers who ranged in age from 18 to 66 years(31.11§8.90,mean§SD)completed the translated version of the PACES.On average,participants had 3.2 years of experience in fitness group classes and practiced for approximately 3.3 times per week.Results:An initial exploratory factor analysis(n=139)revealed a unidimensional structure with factor loadings ranging from 0.79 to 0.89.Results also showed acceptable internal consistency.A confirmatory factor analysis in an independent sample(n=256)provided additional support for the unidimensional structure of the questionnaire.In addition,moderate positive correlations between enjoyment and intrinsic and identified regulation,and moderate negative correlations between enjoyment and external and amotivation,demonstrate the convergent validity of the instrument.Finally,measurement invariance between 2 independent samples was also found.Conclusion:The 8-item Portuguese version of PACES is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring enjoyment of physical activity in Portuguese adult fitness exercisers,and it is therefore suitable to use as a measure of affect in exercise adherence interventions studies.展开更多
Background:Public health guidelines have called for innovative and flexible physical activity(PA)intervention strategies to promote PA and health amid the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Therefore,this stud...Background:Public health guidelines have called for innovative and flexible physical activity(PA)intervention strategies to promote PA and health amid the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Therefore,this study’s purpose was to examine the effects of a home-based,YouTube-delivered PA intervention grounded in self-determination theory on young adults’free-living PA,sedentary behavior,and sleep quality(NCT04499547).Methods:Sixty-four young adults(48 females;age=22.8±3.4 years,mean±SD;body mass index=23.1±2.6 kg/m^(2))were randomized(1:1)into the intervention group,which received weekly aerobic and muscle-strengthening PA videos,or control group,which received weekly general health education videos,for 12 weeks.Our primary outcome was free-living moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)and our secondary outcomes were sedentary behavior,light PA,and sleep quality(measured using ActiGraph accelerometers)along with muscle-strengthening PA frequency,self-determination theory-related motivation(non-regulation,external regulation,introjected regulation,identified regulation,integrated regulation,and intrinsic regulation),and perceived PA barriers(assessed using validated questionnaires).Repeated measures analysis of variances(ANOVAs)examined between-group differences at an adjusted significance level of 0.004 and effect sizes as partial eta-squared(η;).Results:We observed statistically significant interaction effects for MVPA,sleep efficiency,muscle-strengthening PA frequency,non-regulation,integrated regulation,intrinsic regulation,and perceived PA barriers(F(1,62)=10.75-77.67,p<0.001-0.002,η_(p)^(2)=0.15-0.56)with all outcomes favoring the intervention group.We observed no statistically significant differences in either group for sedentary behavior,light PA,sleep duration,or external,introjected,and identified regulations after 12 weeks(F(1,62)=1.11-3.64,p=0.06-0.61).Conclusion:With national COVID-19 restrictions still in place and uncertainty regarding post-pandemic PA environments and behaviors,a remote,YouTube-delivered PA intervention may help foster clinically meaningful improvements in young adults’free-living MVPA,musclestrengthening PA frequency,sleep efficiency,PA-related intrinsic motivation,and perceived PA barriers.展开更多
Background: Evidence suggests involvement in youth sport does not guarantee daily guidelines for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA) are met, and participation may not mitigate the risks associated with physi...Background: Evidence suggests involvement in youth sport does not guarantee daily guidelines for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA) are met, and participation may not mitigate the risks associated with physical inactivity. The need to promote higher habitual MVPA engagement amongst children active in the youth sport context has therefore been underlined. Framed by self-determination theory, the aim of the present study was to examine the implications of the motivational climate created in youth sport, for children's daily engagement in MVPA and associated adiposity. Specifically, we sought to test a motivational sequence in which children's perceptions of an empowering coach-created motivational climate were related to autonomous and controlled motivation, which in turn predicted sport-related enjoyment. Finally, enjoyment was assumed to predict accelerometer assessed daily MVPA and, following this, adiposity.Methods: Male and female youth sport participants aged 9–16 years(n = 112) completed multi-section questionnaires assessing their perceptions of the motivational climate created in youth sport(i.e., autonomy supportive, task involving, socially supportive), autonomous and controlled motivation, and sport-related enjoyment. Daily MVPA engagement was determined via 7 days of accelerometry. Percent body fat(BF%) was estimated using bio-electrical impedance analysis.Results: Path analysis revealed perceptions of an empowering motivational climate positively predicted players' autonomous motivation, and in turn, sport-related enjoyment. Enjoyment was also significantly negatively related to players' BF%, via a positive association with daily MVPA.Conclusion: Fostering more empowering youth sport environments may hold implications for the prevention of excess adiposity, through encouraging higher habitual MVPA engagement. Findings may inform the optimal design of youth sport settings for MVPA promotion, and contribute towards associated healthy weight maintenance amongst youth active in this context. Longitudinal and intervention studies are required to confirm these results.展开更多
Purpose:This research presents findings from a qualitative exploration of the reactions of adolescents(12-14 years old)to navigating an exergame with an avatar created from multiple scans of the player(referred to as ...Purpose:This research presents findings from a qualitative exploration of the reactions of adolescents(12-14 years old)to navigating an exergame with an avatar created from multiple scans of the player(referred to as a self-representational avatar).Methods:Post-gameplay interviews were conducted with adolescents following participation in a 20-min laboratory session(21.2±0.8 min,mean±SD)where the self-representational avatar was navigated through an exergame.Verbatim transcripts(n=40)were coded and analyzed by 2 independent coders using hybrid thematic analysis for this secondary data analysis.Codes were reviewed to identify themes representing adolescents’reactions.Results:Four themes emerged.Adolescents connected with their avatars and felt protective toward them,which influenced their actions in the exergame and contributed to their overall game enjoyment.Conclusion:Creating exergames navigated by a self-representational avatar was an enjoyable experience and influenced gameplay.Future research should explore the effect of this approach on gameplay frequency and intensity over time.展开更多
Purpose:Grounded in self-determination theory(SDT),the present study tested how students’perceptions of autonomy support from physical education teachers predicts objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical ac...Purpose:Grounded in self-determination theory(SDT),the present study tested how students’perceptions of autonomy support from physical education teachers predicts objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)of adolescents.According to SDT,it was expected that psychological needs and autonomous and controlled forms of motivation would mediate these relationships.Methods:Students(n=397)aged from 11 to 15 years in 17 different schools filled in questionnaires regarding SDT variables.In addition,objective MVPA was measured using an accelerometer(ActiGraph GT3X;ActiGraph,Pensacola,FL,USA)for 7 days.Structural equation modelling was used to examine the hypothesized relationships among the study variables.Results:The theory-based model showed a good fit with the data:x2=642.464,df=257;comparative fit index=0.932;non-normed fit index=0.921;root mean square error of approximation=0.062;root mean square error of approximation 90%confidence interval:0.0540.067.As hypothesized,there was a significant and positive direct relationship between autonomy support and need satisfaction(b=0.81,p=0.001).In turn,need satisfaction positively predicted intrinsic motivation(b=0.86,p=0.001).Intrinsic motivation was positively related to MVPA(b=0.29,p=0.009).A significant indirect effect(b=0.20,p=0.004)supported the mediating role of psychological need satisfaction and intrinsic motivation in the relationship between perceived autonomy support and objectively measured MVPA.Conclusion:The findings of the current study support the applicability of the SDT-based model in explaining the antecedents of objectively measured MVPA of adolescents.To enhance adolescents’daily MVPA,special focus should be put on increasing their intrinsic motivation toward physical education.展开更多
Personality dispositions and their role in inducing employee creative behavior are well documented in the literature.However,much is unexplored about the collective and relative contribution of personality orientation...Personality dispositions and their role in inducing employee creative behavior are well documented in the literature.However,much is unexplored about the collective and relative contribution of personality orientations and environmental factors in explaining creative behavior.This study used a framework based on selfdetermination theory(SDT)to measure the combined and relative contribution of personal mastery orientation and authentic leadership in predicting employee creative behavior as mediated by autonomous motivation.A self-reported survey was conducted among software developers working in software houses.The results of the study show that both personal mastery and authentic leadership are significant predictors of employee creative behavior.In addition,autonomous motivation significantly mediates the relationship between personal mastery,authentic leadership,and creative behavior.The findings of the study lend support to the combined effect of personality orientation and environmental factors in predicting employee creative behavior and test the SDT framework’s efficacy in predicting creative behavior.展开更多
Over the decades, English learning motivation has drawn much attention. The present case study aims to explore college students' motivation of English Learning. Based on SDT, the present study was conducted qualit...Over the decades, English learning motivation has drawn much attention. The present case study aims to explore college students' motivation of English Learning. Based on SDT, the present study was conducted qualitatively. The researcher interviewed three non-English major students. This study found five types of motivation of English Learning. Besides, a person may have multiple motivations at the same time.展开更多
Despite the rapid increase of international students in the Chinese higher education sector,little is known about their experiences in China.This paper reports a longitudinal study investigating experiences of a small...Despite the rapid increase of international students in the Chinese higher education sector,little is known about their experiences in China.This paper reports a longitudinal study investigating experiences of a small group of international students during their undergraduate study in an English-medium medical course at a Chinese university.Data were generated through annual interviews,complemented by two rounds of questionnaire surveys respectively held at the beginning and end of the course.Drawing on self-determination theory,findings reveal the learning process through which the participants,responding to and interacting with new academic and social environments,gradually achieved adaptation and personal growth.Meanwhile,the research presents evidence of the students’dissatisfaction,arising mainly from three aspects of their university environments:linguistic,pedagogical,and attitudinal.Policy implications are discussed and suggestions for future studies are given.展开更多
文摘Nowadays,to improve English learning capability,an increasing number of Chinese students choose to study abroad.As a member of International students,I have a puzzle about why I am less motivated to learn English in China than in England,which is the same as the puzzle of a large proportion of international students.Furthermore,self-determination theory(SDT)focuses on students’learning motivation,therefore SDT helps investigate the international students’puzzle which related to language learning motivation.
文摘With the continuous development and progress of economy,people's living standard and culture level have been improved,but with it,there are also various kinds of life stress,study stress and work stress,which make people's mental health problems in life more andmore prominent,and how to improve students'mental health level is the main task of each education stage.The current psychology discipline system has been perfected,including personality psychology and social psychology,which are effectively applied in the actual mental health education or psychological guidance work,and are key disciplines to improve people's mental health.The theoretical system of personality and social psychology consists of three theories:the theory of planned behavior,the theory of explanatory levels,and the theory of self-determination,all of which have an irreplaceable influence on mental health.In this regard,this paper combines relevant literature and work experience to study in depth the influence of personality ansocial psychology on mental health.
文摘Background:Recently,Mullen et al.(2011)presented an 8-item version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale(PACES)that provides a valid instrument for assessing enjoyment in physical activity.The present paper investigated the psychometric properties of a Portuguese adaptation of PACES.Methods:After a process of back-to-back translation into Portuguese,395 members of fitness centers who ranged in age from 18 to 66 years(31.11§8.90,mean§SD)completed the translated version of the PACES.On average,participants had 3.2 years of experience in fitness group classes and practiced for approximately 3.3 times per week.Results:An initial exploratory factor analysis(n=139)revealed a unidimensional structure with factor loadings ranging from 0.79 to 0.89.Results also showed acceptable internal consistency.A confirmatory factor analysis in an independent sample(n=256)provided additional support for the unidimensional structure of the questionnaire.In addition,moderate positive correlations between enjoyment and intrinsic and identified regulation,and moderate negative correlations between enjoyment and external and amotivation,demonstrate the convergent validity of the instrument.Finally,measurement invariance between 2 independent samples was also found.Conclusion:The 8-item Portuguese version of PACES is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring enjoyment of physical activity in Portuguese adult fitness exercisers,and it is therefore suitable to use as a measure of affect in exercise adherence interventions studies.
基金funded by DJM’s Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship through the University of Minnesota as well as DJM’s Professional Development Grant through the University of Minnesota’s School of Kinesiology。
文摘Background:Public health guidelines have called for innovative and flexible physical activity(PA)intervention strategies to promote PA and health amid the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Therefore,this study’s purpose was to examine the effects of a home-based,YouTube-delivered PA intervention grounded in self-determination theory on young adults’free-living PA,sedentary behavior,and sleep quality(NCT04499547).Methods:Sixty-four young adults(48 females;age=22.8±3.4 years,mean±SD;body mass index=23.1±2.6 kg/m^(2))were randomized(1:1)into the intervention group,which received weekly aerobic and muscle-strengthening PA videos,or control group,which received weekly general health education videos,for 12 weeks.Our primary outcome was free-living moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)and our secondary outcomes were sedentary behavior,light PA,and sleep quality(measured using ActiGraph accelerometers)along with muscle-strengthening PA frequency,self-determination theory-related motivation(non-regulation,external regulation,introjected regulation,identified regulation,integrated regulation,and intrinsic regulation),and perceived PA barriers(assessed using validated questionnaires).Repeated measures analysis of variances(ANOVAs)examined between-group differences at an adjusted significance level of 0.004 and effect sizes as partial eta-squared(η;).Results:We observed statistically significant interaction effects for MVPA,sleep efficiency,muscle-strengthening PA frequency,non-regulation,integrated regulation,intrinsic regulation,and perceived PA barriers(F(1,62)=10.75-77.67,p<0.001-0.002,η_(p)^(2)=0.15-0.56)with all outcomes favoring the intervention group.We observed no statistically significant differences in either group for sedentary behavior,light PA,sleep duration,or external,introjected,and identified regulations after 12 weeks(F(1,62)=1.11-3.64,p=0.06-0.61).Conclusion:With national COVID-19 restrictions still in place and uncertainty regarding post-pandemic PA environments and behaviors,a remote,YouTube-delivered PA intervention may help foster clinically meaningful improvements in young adults’free-living MVPA,musclestrengthening PA frequency,sleep efficiency,PA-related intrinsic motivation,and perceived PA barriers.
基金supported by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme-Health (No. 223600) as part of the PAPA project (www.projectpapa.org)
文摘Background: Evidence suggests involvement in youth sport does not guarantee daily guidelines for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA) are met, and participation may not mitigate the risks associated with physical inactivity. The need to promote higher habitual MVPA engagement amongst children active in the youth sport context has therefore been underlined. Framed by self-determination theory, the aim of the present study was to examine the implications of the motivational climate created in youth sport, for children's daily engagement in MVPA and associated adiposity. Specifically, we sought to test a motivational sequence in which children's perceptions of an empowering coach-created motivational climate were related to autonomous and controlled motivation, which in turn predicted sport-related enjoyment. Finally, enjoyment was assumed to predict accelerometer assessed daily MVPA and, following this, adiposity.Methods: Male and female youth sport participants aged 9–16 years(n = 112) completed multi-section questionnaires assessing their perceptions of the motivational climate created in youth sport(i.e., autonomy supportive, task involving, socially supportive), autonomous and controlled motivation, and sport-related enjoyment. Daily MVPA engagement was determined via 7 days of accelerometry. Percent body fat(BF%) was estimated using bio-electrical impedance analysis.Results: Path analysis revealed perceptions of an empowering motivational climate positively predicted players' autonomous motivation, and in turn, sport-related enjoyment. Enjoyment was also significantly negatively related to players' BF%, via a positive association with daily MVPA.Conclusion: Fostering more empowering youth sport environments may hold implications for the prevention of excess adiposity, through encouraging higher habitual MVPA engagement. Findings may inform the optimal design of youth sport settings for MVPA promotion, and contribute towards associated healthy weight maintenance amongst youth active in this context. Longitudinal and intervention studies are required to confirm these results.
基金supported by funding from the National Institutes of Health(to ZD and DTR21HD075048)funded in part with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No.58-3092-5-001。
文摘Purpose:This research presents findings from a qualitative exploration of the reactions of adolescents(12-14 years old)to navigating an exergame with an avatar created from multiple scans of the player(referred to as a self-representational avatar).Methods:Post-gameplay interviews were conducted with adolescents following participation in a 20-min laboratory session(21.2±0.8 min,mean±SD)where the self-representational avatar was navigated through an exergame.Verbatim transcripts(n=40)were coded and analyzed by 2 independent coders using hybrid thematic analysis for this secondary data analysis.Codes were reviewed to identify themes representing adolescents’reactions.Results:Four themes emerged.Adolescents connected with their avatars and felt protective toward them,which influenced their actions in the exergame and contributed to their overall game enjoyment.Conclusion:Creating exergames navigated by a self-representational avatar was an enjoyable experience and influenced gameplay.Future research should explore the effect of this approach on gameplay frequency and intensity over time.
基金This work was supported by an Estonian Research Council grant(PUT1542).
文摘Purpose:Grounded in self-determination theory(SDT),the present study tested how students’perceptions of autonomy support from physical education teachers predicts objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)of adolescents.According to SDT,it was expected that psychological needs and autonomous and controlled forms of motivation would mediate these relationships.Methods:Students(n=397)aged from 11 to 15 years in 17 different schools filled in questionnaires regarding SDT variables.In addition,objective MVPA was measured using an accelerometer(ActiGraph GT3X;ActiGraph,Pensacola,FL,USA)for 7 days.Structural equation modelling was used to examine the hypothesized relationships among the study variables.Results:The theory-based model showed a good fit with the data:x2=642.464,df=257;comparative fit index=0.932;non-normed fit index=0.921;root mean square error of approximation=0.062;root mean square error of approximation 90%confidence interval:0.0540.067.As hypothesized,there was a significant and positive direct relationship between autonomy support and need satisfaction(b=0.81,p=0.001).In turn,need satisfaction positively predicted intrinsic motivation(b=0.86,p=0.001).Intrinsic motivation was positively related to MVPA(b=0.29,p=0.009).A significant indirect effect(b=0.20,p=0.004)supported the mediating role of psychological need satisfaction and intrinsic motivation in the relationship between perceived autonomy support and objectively measured MVPA.Conclusion:The findings of the current study support the applicability of the SDT-based model in explaining the antecedents of objectively measured MVPA of adolescents.To enhance adolescents’daily MVPA,special focus should be put on increasing their intrinsic motivation toward physical education.
文摘Personality dispositions and their role in inducing employee creative behavior are well documented in the literature.However,much is unexplored about the collective and relative contribution of personality orientations and environmental factors in explaining creative behavior.This study used a framework based on selfdetermination theory(SDT)to measure the combined and relative contribution of personal mastery orientation and authentic leadership in predicting employee creative behavior as mediated by autonomous motivation.A self-reported survey was conducted among software developers working in software houses.The results of the study show that both personal mastery and authentic leadership are significant predictors of employee creative behavior.In addition,autonomous motivation significantly mediates the relationship between personal mastery,authentic leadership,and creative behavior.The findings of the study lend support to the combined effect of personality orientation and environmental factors in predicting employee creative behavior and test the SDT framework’s efficacy in predicting creative behavior.
文摘Over the decades, English learning motivation has drawn much attention. The present case study aims to explore college students' motivation of English Learning. Based on SDT, the present study was conducted qualitatively. The researcher interviewed three non-English major students. This study found five types of motivation of English Learning. Besides, a person may have multiple motivations at the same time.
基金Humanities and Social Sciences Project Chinese Ministry of Education(grant number:15YJC880078)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number:71573203).
文摘Despite the rapid increase of international students in the Chinese higher education sector,little is known about their experiences in China.This paper reports a longitudinal study investigating experiences of a small group of international students during their undergraduate study in an English-medium medical course at a Chinese university.Data were generated through annual interviews,complemented by two rounds of questionnaire surveys respectively held at the beginning and end of the course.Drawing on self-determination theory,findings reveal the learning process through which the participants,responding to and interacting with new academic and social environments,gradually achieved adaptation and personal growth.Meanwhile,the research presents evidence of the students’dissatisfaction,arising mainly from three aspects of their university environments:linguistic,pedagogical,and attitudinal.Policy implications are discussed and suggestions for future studies are given.
