BACKGROUND Serum amyloid A1(SAA1)is an acute-phase protein involved in acute or chronic hepatitis.Its function is still controversial.In addition,the effect of the expression of SAA1 and its molecular function on the ...BACKGROUND Serum amyloid A1(SAA1)is an acute-phase protein involved in acute or chronic hepatitis.Its function is still controversial.In addition,the effect of the expression of SAA1 and its molecular function on the progression in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is still unclear.AIM To demonstrate the expression of SAA1 and its effect on the prognosis in HCC and explain further the correlation of SAA1 and immunity pathways.METHODS SAA1 expression in HCC was conducted with The Cancer Genome Atlas-Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma(TCGA-LIHC)in GEPIA tool,and the survival analysis based on the SAA1 expression level was achieved in the Kaplan-Meier portal.The high or low expression group was then drawn based on the median level of SAA1 expression.The correlation of SAA1 and the clinical features were conducted in the UALCAN web-based portal with TCGA-LIHC,including tumor grade,patient disease stage,and the TP53 mutation.The correlation analysis between SAA1 expression and TP53 mutation was subjected to the TCGA portal.The tumor purity score and the immune score were analyzed with CIBERSORT.The correlation of SAA1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was achieved in TISIDB web-based integrated repository portal for tumor-immune system interactions.GSE125336 dataset was used to test the SAA1 expression in the responsive or resistant group with anti-PD1 therapy.Gene set enrichment analysis was applied to evaluate the gene enrichment signaling pathway in HCC.The similar genes of SAA1 in HCC were identified in GEPIA,and the proteinprotein interaction of SAA1 was conducted in the Metascape tool.The expression of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2,C-C motif chemokine ligand 23,and complement C5a receptor 1 was studied and overall survival analysis in HCC was conducted in GEPIA and Kaplan-Meier portal,respectively.RESULTS SAA1 expression was decreased in HCC,and lower SAA1 expression predicted poorer overall survival,progression-free survival,and disease-specific survival.Furthermore,SAA1 expression was further decreased with increased tumor grade and patient disease stage.Also,SAA1 expression was further downregulated in patients with TP53 mutation compared with patients with wild type TP53.SAA1 expression was negatively correlated with the TP53 mutation.Lower SAA1 predicted poorer survival rate,especially in the patients with no hepatitis virus infection,other than those with hepatitis virus infection.Moreover,the SAA1 expression was negatively correlated with tumor purity.In contrast,SAA1 expression was positively correlated with the immune score in HCC,and the correlation analysis between SAA1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes also showed a positive correlation in HCC.Decreased SAA1 was closely associated with the immune tolerance of HCC.C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 and C-C motif chemokine ligand 23 genes were identified as the hub genes associated with SAA1,which could also serve as favorable prognosis markers for HCC.CONCLUSION SAA1 is downregulated in the liver tumor,and it is closely involved in the progression of HCC.Lower SAA1 expression indicates lower survival rate,especially for those patients without hepatitis virus infection.Lower SAA1 expression also suggests lower immune infiltrating cells,especially for those with immune cells exerting anti-tumor immune function.SAA1 expression is closely associated with the anti-tumor immune pathways.展开更多
Secondary amyloid A amyloidosis,a lethal complication,is induced when acute or chronic infection coexists with over-secretion of the serum amyloid A 1(SAA1)protein and deposition in key internal organs.Previously,usin...Secondary amyloid A amyloidosis,a lethal complication,is induced when acute or chronic infection coexists with over-secretion of the serum amyloid A 1(SAA1)protein and deposition in key internal organs.Previously,using the whole-exome sequencing method,we identified a novel deleterious mutation SAA1.2 in rheumatoid arthritis(RA)patients.However,the role of SAA1 in RA pathogenesis and its complications remains unknown.The purpose of this study was to determine the pathogenetic roles of SAA1 protein isoforms in RA progression.We modified an experimental adenovirus infection protocol to introduce SAA1.2 gene alleles into the knee joints of mice and used SAA1.3 and SAA1.5 as controls.Microcomputed tomography analysis was applied to determine changes in bone morphology and density.Immunohistochemical(IHC)analysis,flow cytometry,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)were used to investigate disease progression and cytokine alterations in the course of adenoviral SAA-induced knee joint inflammation and bone destruction.We found that the arthritis-inducing effect of SAA1.2 transcription in the knee joints and mutant SAA1 protein secretion in blood resulted in the stimulation of immune responses,leading to CD8^(+)T cell and pro-inflammatory cytokine elevation,such as interleukin(IL)-6,IL-22,matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-3,MMP-9,with subsequent synovial inflammation and bone destruction.These findings indicate that SAA1 protein isoforms,particularly SAA1.2,play a significant role in the induction and progression of RA and may have potential value in the early diagnosis and severity prediction of RA.展开更多
The feasibility of a commercially available assay for C-reactive protein(CRP,CRP for humans:hCRP,and CRP for dogs:vCRP)and a trial reagent of serum amyloid A(SAA,vSAA for animals)were applied to the measurement of acu...The feasibility of a commercially available assay for C-reactive protein(CRP,CRP for humans:hCRP,and CRP for dogs:vCRP)and a trial reagent of serum amyloid A(SAA,vSAA for animals)were applied to the measurement of acute phase proteins in zoo animals,particularly in nonhuman primates and feline carnivores was evaluate.Results showed that hCRP and vSAA methods were applicable to measure CRP and SAA in Haplorhini.There was a highly signifcant correlation between both parameters with remarkably high correlation coefcient.A higher proportion of Bonnet macaques in Haplorhini,and the linear regression with good correlation between hCRP and vSAA levels were observed.Reference values in healthy Bonnet macaques were hCRP(46.86±30.97 nmol/L)and vSAA(9.06±1.95μg/mL).Although Ring-tailed lemur,which belonging to Strepsirrhini,showed low vSAA concentrations(reference values:1.08±0.47μg/mL),vSAA in patients was apparently elevated.The vCRP and vSAA methods were applicable to measurements of CRP and SAA in feline carnivores for highly signifcant correlation between both parameters.Theses two methods were also been deteded in lions,tigers and cheetahs.vSAA assays can be applied to measure SAA levels in other carnivores and herbivores.In conclusion,vSAA systems have potential utility as diagnostic tools for health screening and prediction in zoo animals.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of Chaiqinchengqi decoction(CQCQD) on serum amyloid A (SAA) in severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) patients.Methods:Thirty-five participants enrolled and were randomly assigned into eith...Objective:To investigate the effect of Chaiqinchengqi decoction(CQCQD) on serum amyloid A (SAA) in severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) patients.Methods:Thirty-five participants enrolled and were randomly assigned into either a treatment condition(n=17,treated with CQCQD) or a control condition(n=18,treated with placebo) 24 hours following the onset of the disease. No statistical difference was observed in either group at baseline.Upon admission,the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation scoreⅡ(APACHEⅡ),SAA,serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6(IL-6) were measured,as well as on the first,3rd and 7lh day and were compared between the two groups.Organ complications,infection,operation rate,mortality and hospital stay were also compared.Results:The duration of acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute hepatitis,acute renal failure,gastrointestinal failure and blood coagulation dysfunction were shorter in the treatment group than in those in the control group(P【0.05).The secondary infection rates and the hospital fees in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group(P【0.05) as well as length of hospital stay(P【0.01).After 3 days of hospitalization,the APACHEⅡ,score SAA levels,serum CRP and IL-6 in the treatment group was lower than those in the control group(P【0.05).SAA was positively correlated with serum CRP(R = 0.346,P = 0.042),Ranson score(R = 0.442,P = 0.008) and serum IL-6(R=0.359,P =0.034).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of admission SAA predict pancreatic necrosis(PN) was 0.815(95%CI:0.625-0.954;P =0.006).The best cut-off value of admission SAA was 7.85 mg/L with the sensitivity 84.6%and specificity 68.2%.Conclusions:The CQCQD can reduce the duration of organ damage through lowering the SAA in SAP patients and the SAA can early predict the PN and severity of SAP patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Serum amyloid A(SAA)is an acute phase protein mainly synthesized by the liver.SAA induces inflammatory phenotype and promotes cell proliferation in activated hepatic stellate cells,the major scar forming ce...BACKGROUND Serum amyloid A(SAA)is an acute phase protein mainly synthesized by the liver.SAA induces inflammatory phenotype and promotes cell proliferation in activated hepatic stellate cells,the major scar forming cells in the liver.However,few studies have reported on the serum levels of SAA in human liver disease and its clinical significance in various liver diseases.AIM To investigate the serum levels of SAA in patients with different liver diseases and analyze the factors associated with the alteration of SAA levels in chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients.METHODS Two hundred and seventy-eight patients with different liver diseases and 117 healthy controls were included in this study.The patients included 205 with CHB,22 with active autoimmune liver disease(AILD),21 with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),14 with drug-induced liver injury(DILI),and 16 with pyogenic liver abscess.Serum levels of SAA and other clinical parameters were collected for the analysis of the factors associated with SAA level.Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the serum SAA levels of patients with various liver diseases with those of healthy controls.Bonferroni test was applied for post hoc comparisons to control the probability of type 1 error(alpha=0.05/6=0.008).For statistical tests of other variables,P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Statistically significant factors determined by single factor analysis were further analyzed by binary multivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS All patients with active liver diseases had higher serum SAA levels than healthy controls and the inactive CHB patients,with the highest SAA level found in patients with pyogenic liver abscess(398.4±246.8 mg/L).Patients with active AILD(19.73±24.81 mg/L)or DILI(8.036±5.685 mg/L)showed higher SAA levels than those with active CHB(6.621±6.776 mg/L)and NASH(6.624±4.891 mg/L).Single(P<0.001)and multivariate logistic regression analyses(P=0.039)for the CHB patients suggested that patients with active CHB were associated with an SAA serum level higher than 6.4 mg/L.Serum levels of SAA and CRP(C-reactive protein)were positively correlated in patients with CHB(P<0.001),pyogenic liver abscess(P=0.045),and active AILD(P=0.02).Serum levels of SAA(0.80-871.0 mg/L)had a broader fluctuation range than CRP(0.30-271.3 mg/L).CONCLUSION Serum level of SAA is a sensitive biomarker for inflammatory activity of pyogenic liver abscess.It may also be a weak marker reflecting milder inflammatory status in the liver of patients with CHB and other active liver diseases.展开更多
Hepatocellular adenoma(HCA) was recently classified into four pathological subtypes. There have been few studies describing the findings of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) of each type. Our case concerns a 78-...Hepatocellular adenoma(HCA) was recently classified into four pathological subtypes. There have been few studies describing the findings of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) of each type. Our case concerns a 78-year-old man who had undergone routine medical check-ups for hepatitis C for 11 years. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a 28 mm, hypo-echoic mass in the segment 4 of the liver. His integrating amount of drinking was 670 kg convert into ethanol. CEUS with Sonazoid demonstrated mild uniform hypo-enhancement with inflow of microbubbles from the periphery of the tumor in the arterial phase, and heterogeneously hypo-enhancement in the post vascular phase. Because the mass increased in size within 3 mo, a well differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma was suspected, and hepatic resection was performed. Microscopic findings showed homogeneous cell proliferation with low grade atypia, infiltration of inflammatory cells, ductular reactions, fatty deposit in part, and sinusoidal dilation. Immunohistochemistry revealed geographic positive for serum amyloid A(SAA), focal positive for glutaminesynthetase, diffuse and strong positive for C-reactive protein, and positive for liver-type fatty acid binding protein. These pathological features corresponded to that of an inflammatory HCA. However, we could not make a clear diagnosis, because HCAs were defined as not to arise in cirrhotic liver. Finally, this tumor was diagnosed as a SAA positive hepatocellular neoplasm.展开更多
AIM:To solidify the involvement of Saa-related pathway in corneal neovascularization(CorNV).The pathogenesis of inflammatory CorNV is not fully understood yet,and our previous study implicated that serum amyloid A(Saa...AIM:To solidify the involvement of Saa-related pathway in corneal neovascularization(CorNV).The pathogenesis of inflammatory CorNV is not fully understood yet,and our previous study implicated that serum amyloid A(Saa)1(Saa1)and Saa3 were among the genes up-regulated upon CorNV induction in mice.METHODS:Microarray data obtained during our profiling project on CorNV were analyzed for the genes encoding the four SAA family members(Saa1-4),six reported SAA receptors(formyl peptide receptor 2,Tlr2,Tlr4,Cd36,Scarb1,P2rx7)and seven matrix metallopeptidases(Mmp)1a,1b,2,3,9,10,13reportedly to be expressed upon SAA pathway activation.The baseline expression or changes of interested genes were further confirmed in animals with CorNV using molecular or histological methods.CorNV was induced in Balb/c and C57BL/6 mice by placing either three interrupted 10-0 sutures or a 2 mm filter paper soaked with sodium hydroxide in the central area of the cornea.At desired time points,the corneas were harvested for histology examination or for extraction of mRNA and protein.The mRNA levels of Saa1,Saa3,Fpr2,Mmp2and Mmp3 in corneas were detected using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR,and SAA3 protein in tissues detected using immunohistochemistry or western blotting.RESULTS:Microarray data analysis revealed that Saa1,Saa3,Fpr2,Mmp2,Mmp3 messengers were readily detected in normal corneas and significantly upregulated upon CorNV induction.The changes of these five genes were confirmed with real-time PCR assay.Onthe contrary,other SAA members(Saa2,Saa4),other SAA receptors(Tlr2,Tlr4,Cd36,P2rx7,etc),or other Mmps(Mmp1a,Mmp1b,Mmp9,Mmp10,Mmp13)did not show consistent changes.Immunohistochemistry study and western blotting further confirmed the expression of SAA3 products in normal corneas as well as their upregulation in corneas with CorNV.CONCLUSION:SAA-FPR2 pathway composing genes were expressed in normal murine corneas and,upon inflammatory stimuli challenge to the corneas,their expressions were up-regulated,suggesting their roles in pathogenesis of CorNV.The potential usefulness of SAA-FPR2 targets in future management of CorNVrelated diseases deserves investigation.展开更多
Background:Elevated levels of serum C-reactive protein(CRP) have been reported to have prognostic significance in lung cancer patients.This study aimed to further identify CRP-bound components as prognostic markers fo...Background:Elevated levels of serum C-reactive protein(CRP) have been reported to have prognostic significance in lung cancer patients.This study aimed to further identify CRP-bound components as prognostic markers for lung cancer and validate their prognostic value.Methods:CRP-bound components obtained from the serum samples from lung cancer patients or healthy controls were analyzed by differential proteomics analysis.CRP-bound serum amyloid A(CRP-SAA) was evaluated by coimmunoprecipitation(IP).Serum samples from two independent cohorts with lung cancer(retrospective cohort,242patients;prospective cohort,222 patients) and healthy controls(159 subjects) were used to evaluate the prognostic value of CRP-SAA by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:CRP-SAA was identified specifically in serum samples from lung cancer patients by proteomic analysis.CRP binding to SAA was confirmed by co-IP in serum samples from lung cancer patients and cell culture media.The level of CRP-SAA was significantly higher in patients than in healthy controls(0.37 ± 0.58 vs.0.03 ± 0.04,P < 0.001).Elevated CRP-SAA levels were significantly associated with severe clinical features of lung cancer.The elevation of CRPSAA was associated with lower survival rates for both the retrospective(hazard ration[HR]= 2.181,95%confidence interval[CI]= 1.641-2.897,P < 0.001) and the prospective cohorts(HR = 2.744,95%CI = 1.810-4.161,P < 0.001).Multivariate Cox analysis showed that CRP-SAA was an independent prognostic marker for lung cancer.Remarkably,in stages l-ll patients,only CRP-SAA,not total SAA or CRP,showed significant association with overall survival in two cohorts.Moreover,univariate and multivariate Cox analyses also showed that only CRP-SAA could be used as an independent prognostic marker for early-stage lung cancer patients.Conclusion:CRP-SAA could be a better prognostic marker for lung cancer than total SAA or CRP,especially in earlystage patients.展开更多
Objective To identify serum diagnosis or progression biomarkers in patients with lung cancer using protein chip profiling analysis. Method Profiling analysis was performed on 450 sera collected from 213 patients with ...Objective To identify serum diagnosis or progression biomarkers in patients with lung cancer using protein chip profiling analysis. Method Profiling analysis was performed on 450 sera collected from 213 patients with lung cancer, 19 with pneumonia, 16 with pulmonary tuberculosis, 65 with laryngeal carcinoma, 55 with laryngopharyngeal carcinoma patients, and 82 normal individuals. A new strategy was developed to identify the biomarkers on chip by trypsin pre-digestion. Results Profiling analysis demonstrated that an 11.6kDa protein was significantly elevated in lung cancer patients, compared with the control groups (P<0.001). The level and percentage of 11.6kDa protein progressively increased with the clinical stages I-IV and were also higher in patients with squamous cell carcinoma than in other subtypes. This biomarker could be decreased after operation or chemotherapy. On the other hand, 11.6kDa protein was also increased in 50% benign diseases of lung and 13% of other cancer controls. After trypsin pre-digestion, a set of new peptide biomarkers was noticed to appear only in the samples containing a 11.6kDa peak. Further identification showed that 2177Da was a fragment of serum amyloid A (SAA, MW 11.6kDa). Two of the new peaks, 1550Da and 1611Da, were defined from the same protein by database searching. This result was further confirmed by partial purification of 11.6kDa protein and MS analysis. Conclusion SAA is a useful biomarker to monitor the progression of lung cancer and can directly identify some biomarkers on chip.展开更多
Objective The changes in serum adipokines and cytokines related to oxidative stress were examined during 3 months ‘Off to On' and ‘On to Off' periods using negatively charged particle-dominant indoor air con...Objective The changes in serum adipokines and cytokines related to oxidative stress were examined during 3 months ‘Off to On' and ‘On to Off' periods using negatively charged particle-dominant indoor air conditions(NCPDIAC).Methods Seven volunteers participated in the study,which included ‘OFF to 3 months ON' periods(ON trials) for a total of 16 times,and ‘ON to 3 months OFF'(OFF trials) periods for a total of 13 times.Results With the exception of one case,serum amyloid A(SAA) levels decreased significantly during the ON trials.Conclusion Considering that SAA is an acute phase reactive protein such as C reactive protein(CRP),this observed decrease might indicate the prevention of cardiovascular and atherosclerotic changes,since an increase in high-sensitive CRP is associated with the subsequent detection of these events.展开更多
The amyloid—what peptide can resist its entropic bliss?Without kinetic barricades and chaperones,most peptides would simply tumble down that precipice.The amyloid-β(Aβ) peptides are understood to underlie the hallm...The amyloid—what peptide can resist its entropic bliss?Without kinetic barricades and chaperones,most peptides would simply tumble down that precipice.The amyloid-β(Aβ) peptides are understood to underlie the hallmark pathology of Alzheimer's disease(AD) and are considered one of the causative factors for neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment.AD affects critical connected structures within the brain that are responsible for memory,language,and social behavior.展开更多
Transmission of misfolded amyloid-β(Aβ)aggregates between human subjects:Protein misfolding disorders are a family of diseases characterized by the accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates.These proteinaceous st...Transmission of misfolded amyloid-β(Aβ)aggregates between human subjects:Protein misfolding disorders are a family of diseases characterized by the accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates.These proteinaceous structures,also known as amyloids,are key drivers of fatal neurodegenerative disorders such as prion diseases,Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease,and others.展开更多
Brain vascular dysfunction in Alzheimer s disease(AD) pathogenesis has become increasingly clea r.Accumulating evidence shows that damaged vascular,including large or small vessels and even neurovascular unit,may acce...Brain vascular dysfunction in Alzheimer s disease(AD) pathogenesis has become increasingly clea r.Accumulating evidence shows that damaged vascular,including large or small vessels and even neurovascular unit,may accelerate the neuropathological process of AD via disrupting brain hypoperfusion,aberrant angiogenesis,and neuroinflammatory response,etc.Thus,vascular dysfunction makes a substantially contribution to the cognitive decline of AD patients.展开更多
Thyroid nodules are a common clinical problem caused by various factors,including environmental and nutritional factors and genetic background.The environment can modulate and influence not only the risk of thyroid no...Thyroid nodules are a common clinical problem caused by various factors,including environmental and nutritional factors and genetic background.The environment can modulate and influence not only the risk of thyroid nodules but also the severity of disease in humans[1].The environment is awash with elements,and all mineral elements,including heavy metals and trace elements,are considered potentially toxic.A significantly higher incidence of thyroid cancer has been reported in populations exposed to low doses of metallic elements in volcanic areas over a long period[2].As research on thyroid disorders continues,it is becoming clear that abnormalities in trace elements in the body can affect the development of thyroid-related disorders.展开更多
This case report investigates the manifestation of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) through recurrent Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs) in an 82-year-old patient. Despite initial diagnostic complexities, cerebral ang...This case report investigates the manifestation of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) through recurrent Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs) in an 82-year-old patient. Despite initial diagnostic complexities, cerebral angiography-MRI revealed features indicative of CAA. Symptomatic treatment resulted in improvement, but the patient later developed a fatal hematoma. The discussion navigates the intricate therapeutic landscape of repetitive TIAs in the elderly with cardiovascular risk factors, emphasizing the pivotal role of cerebral MRI and meticulous bleeding risk management. The conclusion stresses the importance of incorporating SWI sequences, specifically when suspecting a cardioembolic TIA, as a diagnostic measure to explore and exclude CAA in the differential diagnosis. This case report provides valuable insights into these challenges, highlighting the need to consider CAA in relevant cases.展开更多
In this study,the impacts of egg consumption on mice model of metabolic syndrome(Met S)were comparatively investigated.Mice were divided into five groups(n=8):normal diet group(ND),high-fat diet group(HFD),HFD with wh...In this study,the impacts of egg consumption on mice model of metabolic syndrome(Met S)were comparatively investigated.Mice were divided into five groups(n=8):normal diet group(ND),high-fat diet group(HFD),HFD with whole egg group(WE),HFD with free-yolk egg substitute group(YFES),and HFD with lovastatin group(Lov).Main biochemical indexes and a non-targeted lipidomic analysis were employed to insight the lipid profile changes in serum.It was revealed that WE could significantly improve serum biochemical indexes by reducing body weight,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and total cholesterol(TC),while increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.YFES exhibited remarkably better performance in increasing phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidic acids,while decreasing phosphatidylinositol than WE.A total of 50 differential lipids biomarkers tightly related to glycerophospholipids metabolism were screened out.Carnitine C18:2 and C12:1,SM(d18:0/12:0),and SM(d18:1/14:1)were significantly upregulated in YFES compared to WE.YFES reduced expression of SREBP-1c and Cpt1a,while did not affect the expression of PPAR-α.Sphingomyelin biomarkers were positively related to the TC(|r|>0.6),while PPAR-αwas negatively correlated with triglyceride and LDL-C levels.To sum up,YFES attenuated HFD-induced Met S by improving the serum phospholipids,which account for its modulation of glycerophospholipid metabolism.展开更多
BACKGROUND Speech disorders have a substantial impact on communication abilities and quality of life.Traditional treatments such as speech and psychological therapies frequently demonstrate limited effectiveness and p...BACKGROUND Speech disorders have a substantial impact on communication abilities and quality of life.Traditional treatments such as speech and psychological therapies frequently demonstrate limited effectiveness and patient compliance.Transcranial electrical stimulation(TES)has emerged as a promising non-invasive treatment to improve neurological functions.However,its effectiveness in enhancing language functions and serum neurofactor levels in individuals with speech disorders requires further investigation.AIM To investigate the impact of TES in conjunction with standard therapies on serum neurotrophic factor levels and language function in patients with speech disorders.METHODS In a controlled study spanning from March 2019 to November 2021,81 patients with speech disorders were divided into a control group(n=40)receiving standard speech stimulation and psychological intervention,and an observation group(n=41)receiving additional TES.The study assessed serum levels of ciliary neurotrophic factor(CNTF),glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF),brainderived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),and nerve growth factor(NGF),as well as evaluations of motor function,language function,and development quotient scores.RESULTS After 3 wk of intervention,the observation group exhibited significantly higher serum levels of CNTF,GDNF,BDNF,and NGF compared to the control group.Moreover,improvements were noted in motor function,cognitive function,language skills,physical abilities,and overall development quotient scores.It is worth mentioning that the observation group also displayed superior perfor CONCLUSION This retrospective study concluded that TES combined with traditional speech and psychotherapy can effectively increase the levels of neurokines in the blood and enhance language function in patients with speech disorders.These results provide a promising avenue for integrating TES into standard treatment methods for speech disorders.展开更多
The hidden world of amyloid biology has suddenly snapped into atomic-level focus,revealing over 80 amyloid protein fibrils,both pathogenic and functional.Unlike globular proteins,amyloid proteins flatten and stack int...The hidden world of amyloid biology has suddenly snapped into atomic-level focus,revealing over 80 amyloid protein fibrils,both pathogenic and functional.Unlike globular proteins,amyloid proteins flatten and stack into unbranched fibrils.Stranger still,a single protein sequence can adopt wildly different two-dimensional conformations,yielding distinct fibril polymorphs.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the accuracy of serum prealbumin levels in predicting the prognosis of patients with critical respiratory illness. Methods: Fifty patients with critical respiratory illness admitted to our hospit...Objective: To analyze the accuracy of serum prealbumin levels in predicting the prognosis of patients with critical respiratory illness. Methods: Fifty patients with critical respiratory illness admitted to our hospital from October 2022 to September 2023 were selected and divided into an observation group and a control group after condition assessment, with 25 cases in each group. The results of cholinesterase (ChE), prealbumin (PALB), albumin (ALB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total protein (TP), and forced expiratory volume (FEV1)/Predicted (Pred) of the two groups were measured. Results: The ChE levels of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, while the PALB and ALB levels of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The AST, TP, and FEV1 /Pred levels of the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Serum PALB levels can be used as the main indicator for prognosis in critically ill respiratory patients.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Serum amyloid A1(SAA1)is an acute-phase protein involved in acute or chronic hepatitis.Its function is still controversial.In addition,the effect of the expression of SAA1 and its molecular function on the progression in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is still unclear.AIM To demonstrate the expression of SAA1 and its effect on the prognosis in HCC and explain further the correlation of SAA1 and immunity pathways.METHODS SAA1 expression in HCC was conducted with The Cancer Genome Atlas-Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma(TCGA-LIHC)in GEPIA tool,and the survival analysis based on the SAA1 expression level was achieved in the Kaplan-Meier portal.The high or low expression group was then drawn based on the median level of SAA1 expression.The correlation of SAA1 and the clinical features were conducted in the UALCAN web-based portal with TCGA-LIHC,including tumor grade,patient disease stage,and the TP53 mutation.The correlation analysis between SAA1 expression and TP53 mutation was subjected to the TCGA portal.The tumor purity score and the immune score were analyzed with CIBERSORT.The correlation of SAA1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was achieved in TISIDB web-based integrated repository portal for tumor-immune system interactions.GSE125336 dataset was used to test the SAA1 expression in the responsive or resistant group with anti-PD1 therapy.Gene set enrichment analysis was applied to evaluate the gene enrichment signaling pathway in HCC.The similar genes of SAA1 in HCC were identified in GEPIA,and the proteinprotein interaction of SAA1 was conducted in the Metascape tool.The expression of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2,C-C motif chemokine ligand 23,and complement C5a receptor 1 was studied and overall survival analysis in HCC was conducted in GEPIA and Kaplan-Meier portal,respectively.RESULTS SAA1 expression was decreased in HCC,and lower SAA1 expression predicted poorer overall survival,progression-free survival,and disease-specific survival.Furthermore,SAA1 expression was further decreased with increased tumor grade and patient disease stage.Also,SAA1 expression was further downregulated in patients with TP53 mutation compared with patients with wild type TP53.SAA1 expression was negatively correlated with the TP53 mutation.Lower SAA1 predicted poorer survival rate,especially in the patients with no hepatitis virus infection,other than those with hepatitis virus infection.Moreover,the SAA1 expression was negatively correlated with tumor purity.In contrast,SAA1 expression was positively correlated with the immune score in HCC,and the correlation analysis between SAA1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes also showed a positive correlation in HCC.Decreased SAA1 was closely associated with the immune tolerance of HCC.C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 and C-C motif chemokine ligand 23 genes were identified as the hub genes associated with SAA1,which could also serve as favorable prognosis markers for HCC.CONCLUSION SAA1 is downregulated in the liver tumor,and it is closely involved in the progression of HCC.Lower SAA1 expression indicates lower survival rate,especially for those patients without hepatitis virus infection.Lower SAA1 expression also suggests lower immune infiltrating cells,especially for those with immune cells exerting anti-tumor immune function.SAA1 expression is closely associated with the anti-tumor immune pathways.
基金funded by The Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(FDCT-FDCT-17-002-SKL)。
文摘Secondary amyloid A amyloidosis,a lethal complication,is induced when acute or chronic infection coexists with over-secretion of the serum amyloid A 1(SAA1)protein and deposition in key internal organs.Previously,using the whole-exome sequencing method,we identified a novel deleterious mutation SAA1.2 in rheumatoid arthritis(RA)patients.However,the role of SAA1 in RA pathogenesis and its complications remains unknown.The purpose of this study was to determine the pathogenetic roles of SAA1 protein isoforms in RA progression.We modified an experimental adenovirus infection protocol to introduce SAA1.2 gene alleles into the knee joints of mice and used SAA1.3 and SAA1.5 as controls.Microcomputed tomography analysis was applied to determine changes in bone morphology and density.Immunohistochemical(IHC)analysis,flow cytometry,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)were used to investigate disease progression and cytokine alterations in the course of adenoviral SAA-induced knee joint inflammation and bone destruction.We found that the arthritis-inducing effect of SAA1.2 transcription in the knee joints and mutant SAA1 protein secretion in blood resulted in the stimulation of immune responses,leading to CD8^(+)T cell and pro-inflammatory cytokine elevation,such as interleukin(IL)-6,IL-22,matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-3,MMP-9,with subsequent synovial inflammation and bone destruction.These findings indicate that SAA1 protein isoforms,particularly SAA1.2,play a significant role in the induction and progression of RA and may have potential value in the early diagnosis and severity prediction of RA.
文摘The feasibility of a commercially available assay for C-reactive protein(CRP,CRP for humans:hCRP,and CRP for dogs:vCRP)and a trial reagent of serum amyloid A(SAA,vSAA for animals)were applied to the measurement of acute phase proteins in zoo animals,particularly in nonhuman primates and feline carnivores was evaluate.Results showed that hCRP and vSAA methods were applicable to measure CRP and SAA in Haplorhini.There was a highly signifcant correlation between both parameters with remarkably high correlation coefcient.A higher proportion of Bonnet macaques in Haplorhini,and the linear regression with good correlation between hCRP and vSAA levels were observed.Reference values in healthy Bonnet macaques were hCRP(46.86±30.97 nmol/L)and vSAA(9.06±1.95μg/mL).Although Ring-tailed lemur,which belonging to Strepsirrhini,showed low vSAA concentrations(reference values:1.08±0.47μg/mL),vSAA in patients was apparently elevated.The vCRP and vSAA methods were applicable to measurements of CRP and SAA in feline carnivores for highly signifcant correlation between both parameters.Theses two methods were also been deteded in lions,tigers and cheetahs.vSAA assays can be applied to measure SAA levels in other carnivores and herbivores.In conclusion,vSAA systems have potential utility as diagnostic tools for health screening and prediction in zoo animals.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 81072910)Science and Technology Supports Program of Sichuan(No.2009SZ0201, 2010SZ0068,2011SZ029)
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of Chaiqinchengqi decoction(CQCQD) on serum amyloid A (SAA) in severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) patients.Methods:Thirty-five participants enrolled and were randomly assigned into either a treatment condition(n=17,treated with CQCQD) or a control condition(n=18,treated with placebo) 24 hours following the onset of the disease. No statistical difference was observed in either group at baseline.Upon admission,the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation scoreⅡ(APACHEⅡ),SAA,serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6(IL-6) were measured,as well as on the first,3rd and 7lh day and were compared between the two groups.Organ complications,infection,operation rate,mortality and hospital stay were also compared.Results:The duration of acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute hepatitis,acute renal failure,gastrointestinal failure and blood coagulation dysfunction were shorter in the treatment group than in those in the control group(P【0.05).The secondary infection rates and the hospital fees in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group(P【0.05) as well as length of hospital stay(P【0.01).After 3 days of hospitalization,the APACHEⅡ,score SAA levels,serum CRP and IL-6 in the treatment group was lower than those in the control group(P【0.05).SAA was positively correlated with serum CRP(R = 0.346,P = 0.042),Ranson score(R = 0.442,P = 0.008) and serum IL-6(R=0.359,P =0.034).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of admission SAA predict pancreatic necrosis(PN) was 0.815(95%CI:0.625-0.954;P =0.006).The best cut-off value of admission SAA was 7.85 mg/L with the sensitivity 84.6%and specificity 68.2%.Conclusions:The CQCQD can reduce the duration of organ damage through lowering the SAA in SAP patients and the SAA can early predict the PN and severity of SAP patients.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.91129705,No.81070340,and No.30570825Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,Shanghai Pujiang Talent Program,No.09PJ1402600
文摘BACKGROUND Serum amyloid A(SAA)is an acute phase protein mainly synthesized by the liver.SAA induces inflammatory phenotype and promotes cell proliferation in activated hepatic stellate cells,the major scar forming cells in the liver.However,few studies have reported on the serum levels of SAA in human liver disease and its clinical significance in various liver diseases.AIM To investigate the serum levels of SAA in patients with different liver diseases and analyze the factors associated with the alteration of SAA levels in chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients.METHODS Two hundred and seventy-eight patients with different liver diseases and 117 healthy controls were included in this study.The patients included 205 with CHB,22 with active autoimmune liver disease(AILD),21 with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),14 with drug-induced liver injury(DILI),and 16 with pyogenic liver abscess.Serum levels of SAA and other clinical parameters were collected for the analysis of the factors associated with SAA level.Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the serum SAA levels of patients with various liver diseases with those of healthy controls.Bonferroni test was applied for post hoc comparisons to control the probability of type 1 error(alpha=0.05/6=0.008).For statistical tests of other variables,P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Statistically significant factors determined by single factor analysis were further analyzed by binary multivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS All patients with active liver diseases had higher serum SAA levels than healthy controls and the inactive CHB patients,with the highest SAA level found in patients with pyogenic liver abscess(398.4±246.8 mg/L).Patients with active AILD(19.73±24.81 mg/L)or DILI(8.036±5.685 mg/L)showed higher SAA levels than those with active CHB(6.621±6.776 mg/L)and NASH(6.624±4.891 mg/L).Single(P<0.001)and multivariate logistic regression analyses(P=0.039)for the CHB patients suggested that patients with active CHB were associated with an SAA serum level higher than 6.4 mg/L.Serum levels of SAA and CRP(C-reactive protein)were positively correlated in patients with CHB(P<0.001),pyogenic liver abscess(P=0.045),and active AILD(P=0.02).Serum levels of SAA(0.80-871.0 mg/L)had a broader fluctuation range than CRP(0.30-271.3 mg/L).CONCLUSION Serum level of SAA is a sensitive biomarker for inflammatory activity of pyogenic liver abscess.It may also be a weak marker reflecting milder inflammatory status in the liver of patients with CHB and other active liver diseases.
文摘Hepatocellular adenoma(HCA) was recently classified into four pathological subtypes. There have been few studies describing the findings of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) of each type. Our case concerns a 78-year-old man who had undergone routine medical check-ups for hepatitis C for 11 years. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a 28 mm, hypo-echoic mass in the segment 4 of the liver. His integrating amount of drinking was 670 kg convert into ethanol. CEUS with Sonazoid demonstrated mild uniform hypo-enhancement with inflow of microbubbles from the periphery of the tumor in the arterial phase, and heterogeneously hypo-enhancement in the post vascular phase. Because the mass increased in size within 3 mo, a well differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma was suspected, and hepatic resection was performed. Microscopic findings showed homogeneous cell proliferation with low grade atypia, infiltration of inflammatory cells, ductular reactions, fatty deposit in part, and sinusoidal dilation. Immunohistochemistry revealed geographic positive for serum amyloid A(SAA), focal positive for glutaminesynthetase, diffuse and strong positive for C-reactive protein, and positive for liver-type fatty acid binding protein. These pathological features corresponded to that of an inflammatory HCA. However, we could not make a clear diagnosis, because HCAs were defined as not to arise in cirrhotic liver. Finally, this tumor was diagnosed as a SAA positive hepatocellular neoplasm.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.8120066481271050)
文摘AIM:To solidify the involvement of Saa-related pathway in corneal neovascularization(CorNV).The pathogenesis of inflammatory CorNV is not fully understood yet,and our previous study implicated that serum amyloid A(Saa)1(Saa1)and Saa3 were among the genes up-regulated upon CorNV induction in mice.METHODS:Microarray data obtained during our profiling project on CorNV were analyzed for the genes encoding the four SAA family members(Saa1-4),six reported SAA receptors(formyl peptide receptor 2,Tlr2,Tlr4,Cd36,Scarb1,P2rx7)and seven matrix metallopeptidases(Mmp)1a,1b,2,3,9,10,13reportedly to be expressed upon SAA pathway activation.The baseline expression or changes of interested genes were further confirmed in animals with CorNV using molecular or histological methods.CorNV was induced in Balb/c and C57BL/6 mice by placing either three interrupted 10-0 sutures or a 2 mm filter paper soaked with sodium hydroxide in the central area of the cornea.At desired time points,the corneas were harvested for histology examination or for extraction of mRNA and protein.The mRNA levels of Saa1,Saa3,Fpr2,Mmp2and Mmp3 in corneas were detected using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR,and SAA3 protein in tissues detected using immunohistochemistry or western blotting.RESULTS:Microarray data analysis revealed that Saa1,Saa3,Fpr2,Mmp2,Mmp3 messengers were readily detected in normal corneas and significantly upregulated upon CorNV induction.The changes of these five genes were confirmed with real-time PCR assay.Onthe contrary,other SAA members(Saa2,Saa4),other SAA receptors(Tlr2,Tlr4,Cd36,P2rx7,etc),or other Mmps(Mmp1a,Mmp1b,Mmp9,Mmp10,Mmp13)did not show consistent changes.Immunohistochemistry study and western blotting further confirmed the expression of SAA3 products in normal corneas as well as their upregulation in corneas with CorNV.CONCLUSION:SAA-FPR2 pathway composing genes were expressed in normal murine corneas and,upon inflammatory stimuli challenge to the corneas,their expressions were up-regulated,suggesting their roles in pathogenesis of CorNV.The potential usefulness of SAA-FPR2 targets in future management of CorNVrelated diseases deserves investigation.
基金supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2011CB504304 and 2012CB967003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81271902 and 81230045)
文摘Background:Elevated levels of serum C-reactive protein(CRP) have been reported to have prognostic significance in lung cancer patients.This study aimed to further identify CRP-bound components as prognostic markers for lung cancer and validate their prognostic value.Methods:CRP-bound components obtained from the serum samples from lung cancer patients or healthy controls were analyzed by differential proteomics analysis.CRP-bound serum amyloid A(CRP-SAA) was evaluated by coimmunoprecipitation(IP).Serum samples from two independent cohorts with lung cancer(retrospective cohort,242patients;prospective cohort,222 patients) and healthy controls(159 subjects) were used to evaluate the prognostic value of CRP-SAA by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:CRP-SAA was identified specifically in serum samples from lung cancer patients by proteomic analysis.CRP binding to SAA was confirmed by co-IP in serum samples from lung cancer patients and cell culture media.The level of CRP-SAA was significantly higher in patients than in healthy controls(0.37 ± 0.58 vs.0.03 ± 0.04,P < 0.001).Elevated CRP-SAA levels were significantly associated with severe clinical features of lung cancer.The elevation of CRPSAA was associated with lower survival rates for both the retrospective(hazard ration[HR]= 2.181,95%confidence interval[CI]= 1.641-2.897,P < 0.001) and the prospective cohorts(HR = 2.744,95%CI = 1.810-4.161,P < 0.001).Multivariate Cox analysis showed that CRP-SAA was an independent prognostic marker for lung cancer.Remarkably,in stages l-ll patients,only CRP-SAA,not total SAA or CRP,showed significant association with overall survival in two cohorts.Moreover,univariate and multivariate Cox analyses also showed that only CRP-SAA could be used as an independent prognostic marker for early-stage lung cancer patients.Conclusion:CRP-SAA could be a better prognostic marker for lung cancer than total SAA or CRP,especially in earlystage patients.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.30370712)Beijing Key Project (Grant No. 7051002)+1 种基金 Beijing Science Technology Committee Project (No.Y0204002040111)a grant of Majon State Basic Research Program of China (No. 2006CB 910100).
文摘Objective To identify serum diagnosis or progression biomarkers in patients with lung cancer using protein chip profiling analysis. Method Profiling analysis was performed on 450 sera collected from 213 patients with lung cancer, 19 with pneumonia, 16 with pulmonary tuberculosis, 65 with laryngeal carcinoma, 55 with laryngopharyngeal carcinoma patients, and 82 normal individuals. A new strategy was developed to identify the biomarkers on chip by trypsin pre-digestion. Results Profiling analysis demonstrated that an 11.6kDa protein was significantly elevated in lung cancer patients, compared with the control groups (P<0.001). The level and percentage of 11.6kDa protein progressively increased with the clinical stages I-IV and were also higher in patients with squamous cell carcinoma than in other subtypes. This biomarker could be decreased after operation or chemotherapy. On the other hand, 11.6kDa protein was also increased in 50% benign diseases of lung and 13% of other cancer controls. After trypsin pre-digestion, a set of new peptide biomarkers was noticed to appear only in the samples containing a 11.6kDa peak. Further identification showed that 2177Da was a fragment of serum amyloid A (SAA, MW 11.6kDa). Two of the new peaks, 1550Da and 1611Da, were defined from the same protein by database searching. This result was further confirmed by partial purification of 11.6kDa protein and MS analysis. Conclusion SAA is a useful biomarker to monitor the progression of lung cancer and can directly identify some biomarkers on chip.
基金supported by a Kawasaki Medical School Research Grant(28B051)
文摘Objective The changes in serum adipokines and cytokines related to oxidative stress were examined during 3 months ‘Off to On' and ‘On to Off' periods using negatively charged particle-dominant indoor air conditions(NCPDIAC).Methods Seven volunteers participated in the study,which included ‘OFF to 3 months ON' periods(ON trials) for a total of 16 times,and ‘ON to 3 months OFF'(OFF trials) periods for a total of 13 times.Results With the exception of one case,serum amyloid A(SAA) levels decreased significantly during the ON trials.Conclusion Considering that SAA is an acute phase reactive protein such as C reactive protein(CRP),this observed decrease might indicate the prevention of cardiovascular and atherosclerotic changes,since an increase in high-sensitive CRP is associated with the subsequent detection of these events.
基金supported by the National Institutes of Health Grant (R01-AG062469)the Grantin-Aid of Research,Artistry,Scholarship program (GIA,Project 143977) at the University of Minnesotafunding from the Center for Drug Design (CDD),University of Minnesota (to SSM)。
文摘The amyloid—what peptide can resist its entropic bliss?Without kinetic barricades and chaperones,most peptides would simply tumble down that precipice.The amyloid-β(Aβ) peptides are understood to underlie the hallmark pathology of Alzheimer's disease(AD) and are considered one of the causative factors for neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment.AD affects critical connected structures within the brain that are responsible for memory,language,and social behavior.
基金supported by grants from the Alzheimer’s Association(AARGD-18-566576)NIH/NIA(RF1AG072491)NIH/NIAID(R01AI132695)to RM。
文摘Transmission of misfolded amyloid-β(Aβ)aggregates between human subjects:Protein misfolding disorders are a family of diseases characterized by the accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates.These proteinaceous structures,also known as amyloids,are key drivers of fatal neurodegenerative disorders such as prion diseases,Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease,and others.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation 2030-Major Projects,No.2022ZD021 1 600the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82271574 and82071204 (all to CX)。
文摘Brain vascular dysfunction in Alzheimer s disease(AD) pathogenesis has become increasingly clea r.Accumulating evidence shows that damaged vascular,including large or small vessels and even neurovascular unit,may accelerate the neuropathological process of AD via disrupting brain hypoperfusion,aberrant angiogenesis,and neuroinflammatory response,etc.Thus,vascular dysfunction makes a substantially contribution to the cognitive decline of AD patients.
基金The College Students’ Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Plan Program [202110594024]Science and Technology Plan Projects of Liuzhou [2022CAC0299]
文摘Thyroid nodules are a common clinical problem caused by various factors,including environmental and nutritional factors and genetic background.The environment can modulate and influence not only the risk of thyroid nodules but also the severity of disease in humans[1].The environment is awash with elements,and all mineral elements,including heavy metals and trace elements,are considered potentially toxic.A significantly higher incidence of thyroid cancer has been reported in populations exposed to low doses of metallic elements in volcanic areas over a long period[2].As research on thyroid disorders continues,it is becoming clear that abnormalities in trace elements in the body can affect the development of thyroid-related disorders.
文摘This case report investigates the manifestation of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) through recurrent Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs) in an 82-year-old patient. Despite initial diagnostic complexities, cerebral angiography-MRI revealed features indicative of CAA. Symptomatic treatment resulted in improvement, but the patient later developed a fatal hematoma. The discussion navigates the intricate therapeutic landscape of repetitive TIAs in the elderly with cardiovascular risk factors, emphasizing the pivotal role of cerebral MRI and meticulous bleeding risk management. The conclusion stresses the importance of incorporating SWI sequences, specifically when suspecting a cardioembolic TIA, as a diagnostic measure to explore and exclude CAA in the differential diagnosis. This case report provides valuable insights into these challenges, highlighting the need to consider CAA in relevant cases.
基金supported by the Applied Basic Research of Shanxi Province(201901D211381)the Innovation-driven Development Capacity Enhancement Fund of Shanxi Province(SXYBKY2019041)+2 种基金National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFD1600604-03)Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2021-068)Shanxi Agricultural University High-Level Talent Project(2021XG013)。
文摘In this study,the impacts of egg consumption on mice model of metabolic syndrome(Met S)were comparatively investigated.Mice were divided into five groups(n=8):normal diet group(ND),high-fat diet group(HFD),HFD with whole egg group(WE),HFD with free-yolk egg substitute group(YFES),and HFD with lovastatin group(Lov).Main biochemical indexes and a non-targeted lipidomic analysis were employed to insight the lipid profile changes in serum.It was revealed that WE could significantly improve serum biochemical indexes by reducing body weight,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and total cholesterol(TC),while increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.YFES exhibited remarkably better performance in increasing phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidic acids,while decreasing phosphatidylinositol than WE.A total of 50 differential lipids biomarkers tightly related to glycerophospholipids metabolism were screened out.Carnitine C18:2 and C12:1,SM(d18:0/12:0),and SM(d18:1/14:1)were significantly upregulated in YFES compared to WE.YFES reduced expression of SREBP-1c and Cpt1a,while did not affect the expression of PPAR-α.Sphingomyelin biomarkers were positively related to the TC(|r|>0.6),while PPAR-αwas negatively correlated with triglyceride and LDL-C levels.To sum up,YFES attenuated HFD-induced Met S by improving the serum phospholipids,which account for its modulation of glycerophospholipid metabolism.
文摘BACKGROUND Speech disorders have a substantial impact on communication abilities and quality of life.Traditional treatments such as speech and psychological therapies frequently demonstrate limited effectiveness and patient compliance.Transcranial electrical stimulation(TES)has emerged as a promising non-invasive treatment to improve neurological functions.However,its effectiveness in enhancing language functions and serum neurofactor levels in individuals with speech disorders requires further investigation.AIM To investigate the impact of TES in conjunction with standard therapies on serum neurotrophic factor levels and language function in patients with speech disorders.METHODS In a controlled study spanning from March 2019 to November 2021,81 patients with speech disorders were divided into a control group(n=40)receiving standard speech stimulation and psychological intervention,and an observation group(n=41)receiving additional TES.The study assessed serum levels of ciliary neurotrophic factor(CNTF),glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF),brainderived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),and nerve growth factor(NGF),as well as evaluations of motor function,language function,and development quotient scores.RESULTS After 3 wk of intervention,the observation group exhibited significantly higher serum levels of CNTF,GDNF,BDNF,and NGF compared to the control group.Moreover,improvements were noted in motor function,cognitive function,language skills,physical abilities,and overall development quotient scores.It is worth mentioning that the observation group also displayed superior perfor CONCLUSION This retrospective study concluded that TES combined with traditional speech and psychotherapy can effectively increase the levels of neurokines in the blood and enhance language function in patients with speech disorders.These results provide a promising avenue for integrating TES into standard treatment methods for speech disorders.
文摘The hidden world of amyloid biology has suddenly snapped into atomic-level focus,revealing over 80 amyloid protein fibrils,both pathogenic and functional.Unlike globular proteins,amyloid proteins flatten and stack into unbranched fibrils.Stranger still,a single protein sequence can adopt wildly different two-dimensional conformations,yielding distinct fibril polymorphs.
文摘Objective: To analyze the accuracy of serum prealbumin levels in predicting the prognosis of patients with critical respiratory illness. Methods: Fifty patients with critical respiratory illness admitted to our hospital from October 2022 to September 2023 were selected and divided into an observation group and a control group after condition assessment, with 25 cases in each group. The results of cholinesterase (ChE), prealbumin (PALB), albumin (ALB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total protein (TP), and forced expiratory volume (FEV1)/Predicted (Pred) of the two groups were measured. Results: The ChE levels of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, while the PALB and ALB levels of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The AST, TP, and FEV1 /Pred levels of the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Serum PALB levels can be used as the main indicator for prognosis in critically ill respiratory patients.
