Shaped charge liner(SCL)has been extensively applied in oil recovery and defense industries.Achieving superior penetration capability through optimizing SCL structures presents a substantial challenge due to intricate...Shaped charge liner(SCL)has been extensively applied in oil recovery and defense industries.Achieving superior penetration capability through optimizing SCL structures presents a substantial challenge due to intricate rate-dependent processes involving detonation-driven liner collapse,high-speed jet stretching,and penetration.This study introduces an innovative optimization strategy for SCL structures that employs jet penetration efficiency as the primary objective function.The strategy combines experimentally validated finite element method with machine learning(FEM-ML).We propose a novel jet penetration efficiency index derived from enhanced cutoff velocity and shape characteristics of the jet via machine learning.This index effectively evaluates the jet penetration performance.Furthermore,a multi-model fusion based on a machine learning optimization method,called XGBOOST-MFO,is put forward to optimize SCL structure over a large input space.The strategy's feasibility is demonstrated through the optimization of copper SCL implemented via the FEM-ML strategy.Finally,this strategy is extended to optimize the structure of the recently emerging CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy conical liners and hemispherical copper liners.Therefore,the strategy can provide helpful guidance for the engineering design of SCL.展开更多
Two kinds of W/Cu double-layer shaped charge liner（SCL） were prepared by chemical vapor deposition（CVD） combined with electroforming technique： A SCL with W inner layer and Cu outer layer, B SCL with Cu inner lay...Two kinds of W/Cu double-layer shaped charge liner（SCL） were prepared by chemical vapor deposition（CVD） combined with electroforming technique： A SCL with W inner layer and Cu outer layer, B SCL with Cu inner layer and W outer layer. The penetration properties of A and B SCLs were researched. The results show that the two SCLs can form continuous jet and the tip velocities of A and B jets are 7.4 and 6.3 km s^（-1）, respectively. The kinetic energy density（5.3 9 1011 J m-3） of A jet tip increases by 194.4 %compared with that（1.8 9 1011 J m-3） of B jet tip. B jet,however, exhibits deeper penetration depth at the same experimental conditions. The chemical component and microstructure of the area nearby the ballistic perforation were researched. Component analysis shows that both the jets are formed only from inner layer metal. Microstructure analysis shows that martensite and intermetallic form around ballistic perforation penetrated by A SCL due to the intensive interaction between W jet and steel target. The two kinds of newly formed ultrahard phases also hinder the jet from penetrating target further. As a result of relatively alleviative interaction between Cu jet and target, only solid solution rather than ultrahard phases forms around ballistic perforation penetrated by B SCL.展开更多
In order to study the properties of sintered copper powder shaped charge liner, the copper powder, whose particle size was below 20 μm, was chosen as the main material. The mixed powders were directly pressed into th...In order to study the properties of sintered copper powder shaped charge liner, the copper powder, whose particle size was below 20 μm, was chosen as the main material. The mixed powders were directly pressed into the desired shape of the shaped charge liner by the top direct-pressure way. The microscopic morphology of the spinning shaped charge liner, the sintered and non-sintered powder liners, and the particle properties of the copper powder were studied with scanning electron microscopy. The expe^mental results showed that the irregular copper powder could get together effectively and sintering could improve the compactness of the powder liner effectively. The wall thickness and density of the non-sintered and sintered liner were also tested, and it shows that sintering causes the wall thickness thinned and the density improved. The penetration depths of non-sintered powder liner, sintered powder liner and the spinning copper plate liner were tested with different standoff respectively, showing that the penetration properties of sintered powder liner are well.展开更多
基金supported by the NSFC Basic Science Center Program for"Multi-scale Problems in Nonlinear Mechanics" (Grant No.11988102)the NSFC (Grant Nos.U2141204,12172367)+2 种基金the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.ZDRW-CN-2021-2-3)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2022YFC3320504-02)the opening project of State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology (Grant No.KFJJ21-01 and No.KFJJ18-14 M)。
文摘Shaped charge liner(SCL)has been extensively applied in oil recovery and defense industries.Achieving superior penetration capability through optimizing SCL structures presents a substantial challenge due to intricate rate-dependent processes involving detonation-driven liner collapse,high-speed jet stretching,and penetration.This study introduces an innovative optimization strategy for SCL structures that employs jet penetration efficiency as the primary objective function.The strategy combines experimentally validated finite element method with machine learning(FEM-ML).We propose a novel jet penetration efficiency index derived from enhanced cutoff velocity and shape characteristics of the jet via machine learning.This index effectively evaluates the jet penetration performance.Furthermore,a multi-model fusion based on a machine learning optimization method,called XGBOOST-MFO,is put forward to optimize SCL structure over a large input space.The strategy's feasibility is demonstrated through the optimization of copper SCL implemented via the FEM-ML strategy.Finally,this strategy is extended to optimize the structure of the recently emerging CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy conical liners and hemispherical copper liners.Therefore,the strategy can provide helpful guidance for the engineering design of SCL.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51201013)
文摘Two kinds of W/Cu double-layer shaped charge liner（SCL） were prepared by chemical vapor deposition（CVD） combined with electroforming technique： A SCL with W inner layer and Cu outer layer, B SCL with Cu inner layer and W outer layer. The penetration properties of A and B SCLs were researched. The results show that the two SCLs can form continuous jet and the tip velocities of A and B jets are 7.4 and 6.3 km s^（-1）, respectively. The kinetic energy density（5.3 9 1011 J m-3） of A jet tip increases by 194.4 %compared with that（1.8 9 1011 J m-3） of B jet tip. B jet,however, exhibits deeper penetration depth at the same experimental conditions. The chemical component and microstructure of the area nearby the ballistic perforation were researched. Component analysis shows that both the jets are formed only from inner layer metal. Microstructure analysis shows that martensite and intermetallic form around ballistic perforation penetrated by A SCL due to the intensive interaction between W jet and steel target. The two kinds of newly formed ultrahard phases also hinder the jet from penetrating target further. As a result of relatively alleviative interaction between Cu jet and target, only solid solution rather than ultrahard phases forms around ballistic perforation penetrated by B SCL.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11072222)
文摘In order to study the properties of sintered copper powder shaped charge liner, the copper powder, whose particle size was below 20 μm, was chosen as the main material. The mixed powders were directly pressed into the desired shape of the shaped charge liner by the top direct-pressure way. The microscopic morphology of the spinning shaped charge liner, the sintered and non-sintered powder liners, and the particle properties of the copper powder were studied with scanning electron microscopy. The expe^mental results showed that the irregular copper powder could get together effectively and sintering could improve the compactness of the powder liner effectively. The wall thickness and density of the non-sintered and sintered liner were also tested, and it shows that sintering causes the wall thickness thinned and the density improved. The penetration depths of non-sintered powder liner, sintered powder liner and the spinning copper plate liner were tested with different standoff respectively, showing that the penetration properties of sintered powder liner are well.
