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Metallurgical performance evaluation of space-weathered Chang’e-5 lunar soil
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作者 Chen Li Wenhui Ma +1 位作者 Yang Li Kuixian Wei 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期1241-1248,共8页
Space metallurgy is an interdisciplinary field that combines planetary space science and metallurgical engineering.It involves systematic and theoretical engineering technology for utilizing planetary resources in sit... Space metallurgy is an interdisciplinary field that combines planetary space science and metallurgical engineering.It involves systematic and theoretical engineering technology for utilizing planetary resources in situ.However,space metallurgy on the Moon is challenging because the lunar surface has experienced space weathering due to the lack of atmosphere and magnetic field,making the mi-crostructure of lunar soil differ from that of minerals on the Earth.In this study,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses were performed on Chang’e-5 powder lunar soil samples.The microstructural characteristics of the lunar soil may drastically change its metallurgical performance.The main special structure of lunar soil minerals include the nanophase iron formed by the impact of micrometeorites,the amorphous layer caused by solar wind injection,and radiation tracks modified by high-energy particle rays inside mineral crystals.The nanophase iron presents a wide distribution,which may have a great impact on the electromagnetic prop-erties of lunar soil.Hydrogen ions injected by solar wind may promote the hydrogen reduction process.The widely distributed amorph-ous layer and impact glass can promote the melting and diffusion process of lunar soil.Therefore,although high-energy events on the lun-ar surface transform the lunar soil,they also increase the chemical activity of the lunar soil.This is a property that earth samples and tradi-tional simulated lunar soil lack.The application of space metallurgy requires comprehensive consideration of the unique physical and chemical properties of lunar soil. 展开更多
关键词 space metallurgy Chang’e-5 lunar soil space weathering metallurgical performance
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Monitoring and Evaluation of Soil Changes Under Landuse of Different Patterns at a Small Regional Level in South China 被引量:11
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作者 WANGXIAOJU GONGZITONG 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1996年第4期373-378,共6页
MonitoringandEvaluationofSoilChangesUnderLanduseofDifferentPatternsataSmallRegionalLevelinSouthChinaWANGXIAO... MonitoringandEvaluationofSoilChangesUnderLanduseofDifferentPatternsataSmallRegionalLevelinSouthChinaWANGXIAOJUandGONGZITONG(I... 展开更多
关键词 EVALUATION geographical information system LANDUSE soil changes soil quality
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Land Use-Related Changes in Soils of Hainan Island During the Past Half Century 被引量:9
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作者 GONG ZITONG, ZHANG GANLIN, ZHAO WENJUN, ZHAO YUGUO and CHEN ZHICHENGInstitute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China) 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2003年第1期11-22,共12页
During the past half century, the land utilization of Hainan Island has undergone a rapid development,but in the meanwhile, soil degradation occurs. Analysis on some basic data of the soil series collected frommore th... During the past half century, the land utilization of Hainan Island has undergone a rapid development,but in the meanwhile, soil degradation occurs. Analysis on some basic data of the soil series collected frommore than 100 soil profiles at the end of the 1990s and beginning of this century, in combination with dataavailable, showed that soils there suffered significant decline in organic matter, experienced P and K deficiencywith soil K going on losing and undergone acidification with continuing trend. The current situation calls forstrategies to build up Hainan into an important province of sound ecology by restoring forests, to improvefood quality by implementing K supplement projects, to combat soil acidification by ameliorating the soils andgrowing leguminous crops and to ensure health of the people by developing dairy production and increasingthe daily Ca uptake by the people. 展开更多
关键词 hainan island land use soil changes
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Characteristics of Soil Porosity and Changes of Soil Water Content in Eucalyptus Plantation 被引量:1
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作者 熊柳梅 黄金生 +7 位作者 曾艳 黄雁飞 陈桂芬 刘永贤 周柳强 谭宏伟 黄美福 黄玉溢 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2015年第4期662-667,共6页
Objective] This study almed to investigate the characteristics of soiI total porosity (STP) and various factors affecting soiI water content (SWC) in eucalyptus pIantation (EP), thereby providing references for ... Objective] This study almed to investigate the characteristics of soiI total porosity (STP) and various factors affecting soiI water content (SWC) in eucalyptus pIantation (EP), thereby providing references for soiI water utiIization in eucalyptus pIanting in the red soiI hiI y region of South China. [Method] In the same cIimatic region, soiI sampIes were coI ected from surface soiI Iayer (A), iI uvial horizon (B) and parent material horizon (C) in the upper sIope, middIe sIope and Iower sIope of eucalyptus pIantation, native forest and pine forest, respectiveIy, to determine the soiI porosity and soiI water content and analyze changes and various infIuencing factors of soiI water content in horizontal and vertical direction. [Result] Average soiI porosity in eucalyptus pIantation, native forest and pine forest was 45.9%, 41.4%and 55.3%, respectiveIy; soiI water content in these three forest stands was 13.3%, 13.4% and 15.5%, respectiveIy. In addition, soiI water content in these three forest stands exhibited no significant differences (P&gt;0.05) among different soiI profiIes and sIope positions, but soiI water content in surface soiI Iayer varied significantIy (P&lt;0.05) among different forest stands; in the horizontal direction, soiI water content exerted an extremeIy significant positive correIation with total coverage. [Conclusion] Total coverage of canopy Iayer, herb and Iitter Iayer is one of the most critical fac-tors affecting the changes of soiI water content in surface soiI Iayer of forest stands. 展开更多
关键词 Eucalyptus plantatlon soil porosity changes of soil water content Red soli Hilly reglon South China
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Changes in Soil Properties Under the Influences of Cropping and Drip Irrigation During the Reclamation of Severe Salt-Affected Soils 被引量:16
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作者 TAN Jun-li KANG Yue-hu 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2009年第10期1228-1237,共10页
Reclamation of salt-affected land plays an important role in mitigating the pressure of agricultural land due to competition with industry and construction in China. Drip irrigation was found to be an effective method... Reclamation of salt-affected land plays an important role in mitigating the pressure of agricultural land due to competition with industry and construction in China. Drip irrigation was found to be an effective method to reclaim salt-affected land. In order to improve the effect of reclamation and sustainability of salt-affected land production, a field experiment (with reclaimed 1-3 yr fields) was carried out to investigate changes in soil physical, chemical, and biological properties during the process of reclamation with cropping maize and drip irrigation. Results showed that soil bulk density in 0-20 cm soil layer decreased from 1.71 g·cm-3 in unreclaimed land to 1.44 g ·cm^-3 in reclaimed 3 yr fields, and saturated soil water content of 0-10 cm layer increased correspondingly from 20.3 to 30.2%. Both soil salinity and pH value in 0-40 cm soil layer dropped markedly after reclaiming 3 yr. Soil organic matter content reduced, while total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium all tended to increase after cropping and drip irrigation. The quantities of bacteria, actinomycete, and fungi in 0-40 cm soil layer all greatly increased with increase of reclaimed years, and they tended to distribute homogeneously in 0-40 cm soil profile. The urease activity and alkaline phosphatase activity in 0-40 cm soil layers were also enhanced, but the sucrase activity was not greatly changed. These results indicated that after crop cultivation and drip irrigation, soil physical environment and nutrients status were both improved. This was benefit for microorganism's activity and plant's growth. 展开更多
关键词 RECLAMATION drip irrigation changes of soil properties salt-affected soil
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Soil Organic Carbon Pools in Particle-Size Fractions as Affected by Slope Gradient and Land Use Change in Hilly Regions,Western Iran 被引量:12
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作者 Parisa Mokhtari KARCHEGANI Shamsollah AYOUBI +1 位作者 Mohammad Reza MOSADDEGHI Naser HONARJOO 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2012年第1期87-95,共9页
This study was conducted to explore the effects of topography and land use changes on particulate organic carbon(POC),particulate total nitrogen(PTN),organic carbon(OC) and total nitrogen(TN) associated with different... This study was conducted to explore the effects of topography and land use changes on particulate organic carbon(POC),particulate total nitrogen(PTN),organic carbon(OC) and total nitrogen(TN) associated with different size primary particle fractions in hilly regions of western Iran.Three popular land uses in the selected site including natural forest(NF),disturbed forest(DF) and cultivated land(CL) and three slope gradients(0-10 %,S1,10-30 %,S2,and 30-50%,S3) were employed as the basis of soil sampling.A total of 99 soil samples were taken from the 0-10 cm surface layer in the whole studied hilly region studied.The results showed that the POC in the forest land use in all slope gradients was considerably more than the deforested and cultivated lands and the highest value was observed at NF-S1 treatment with 9.13%.The values of PTN were significantly higher in the forest land use and in the down slopes(0.5%) than in the deforested and cultivated counterparts and steep slopes(0.09%) except for the CL land use.The C:N ratios in POC fraction were around 17-18 in the forest land and around 23 in the cultivated land.In forest land,the silt-associated OC was highest among the primary particles.The enrichment factor of SOC,EC,was the highest for POC.For the primary particles,EC of both primary fractions of silt and clay showed following trend for selected land uses and slope gradients:CL> DF> NF and S3 > S2> S1.Slope gradient of landscape significantly affected the OC and TN contents associated with the silt and clay particles,whereas higher OC and TN contents were observed in lower positions and the lowest value was measured in the steep slopes.Overall,the results showed that native forest land improves soil organic carbon storage and can reduce the carbon emission and soil erosion especially in the mountainous regions with high rainfall in west of Iran. 展开更多
关键词 Land use change soil organic carbon Slope gradient Physical fractionation Particulate organic carbon
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Changes in vegetation and soil properties during recovery of a subtropical forest in South China 被引量:7
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作者 HUANG Fang-fang ZHANG Wei-qiang +3 位作者 GAN Xian-hua HUANG Yu-hui GUO Yue-dong WEN Xiao-ying 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2018年第1期46-58,共13页
Secondary forests account for a large amount of subtropical forest due to persistent anthropogenic disturbance in China.The interaction between vegetation and soil during recovery process is rather complex and depende... Secondary forests account for a large amount of subtropical forest due to persistent anthropogenic disturbance in China.The interaction between vegetation and soil during recovery process is rather complex and dependent on forest conditions.Understanding how vegetation and soil properties changes and how their relationship develops in secondary forests is key to effective forest restoration and management.Here we explored the patterns of vegetation and soil properties as well as their correlations during forest recovery process in a subtropical forest in south China.Plots of three forest types,i.e.,broadleaf-conifermixedforest,broadleaved forest and old growth stand,were established to represent the recovery stages.The results showed that diversity patterns in the tree,shrub and herb layers were different:in the tree layer the species diversity peaked at the intermediate stage,while in the understory layers it decreased chronologically.Most of the soil factors showed an increasing trend,and different effects of soil factors were found for the three layers as well as for the two spatial scales.Together,our results suggested that vegetation and soil might be interdependent during the recovery course.Further studies are needed on exploring how vegetation interplays with soil at different scales and how nutrient limitations affects the vegetation development in a chronosequence. 展开更多
关键词 Forest recovery Vegetation change soil property Subtropical Succession
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Spatial analysis of land use change effect on soil organic carbon stocks in the eastern regions of China between 1980 and 2000 被引量:4
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作者 Xueqi Xia Zhongfang Yang +3 位作者 Yuan Xue Xin Shao Tao Yu Qingye Hou 《Geoscience Frontiers》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第3期597-604,共8页
Spatial distributions of 0-20 cm soil carbon sources/sinks caused by land use changes from the year 1980 to 2000 in an area of 2.97 ~ 106 km2 in eastern China were investigated using a land use dataset from a recent s... Spatial distributions of 0-20 cm soil carbon sources/sinks caused by land use changes from the year 1980 to 2000 in an area of 2.97 ~ 106 km2 in eastern China were investigated using a land use dataset from a recent soil geochemical survey. A map of soil carbon sourcesJsinks has been prepared based on a spatial analysis scheme with GIg. Spatial statistics showed that land use changes had caused 30.7 + 13.64 Tg of surface soil organic carbon loss, which accounts for 0.33% of the total carbon storage of 9.22 Pg. The net effect of the carbon source was estimated to be ~ 71.49 Tg soil carbon decrease and ~ 40.80 Tg increase. Land use changes in Northeast China (NE) have the largest impact on soil organic carbon storage compared with other regions. Paddy fields, which were mainly transformed into dry farmland in NE, and constructed land in other regions, were the largest carbon sources among the land use types. Swamp land in NE was also another large soil carbon source when it was transformed into dry farmland or paddy fields. Dry farmland in the NE region formed the largest soil organic carbon sink, as some were trans- formed into paddy fields, forested land, and other land use types with high SOCD. 展开更多
关键词 Land use change soil organic carbon GIS Eastern China
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Changes in soil organic carbon and nitrogen after 26 years of farmland management on the Loess Plateau of China 被引量:11
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作者 ZHOU Zhengchao ZHANG Xiaoyan GAN Zhuoting 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE CSCD 2015年第6期806-813,共8页
Soil carbon(C) and nitrogen(N) play a crucial role in determining the soil and environmental quality. In this study, we investigated the effects of 26 years(from 1984 to 2010) of farmland management on soil orga... Soil carbon(C) and nitrogen(N) play a crucial role in determining the soil and environmental quality. In this study, we investigated the effects of 26 years(from 1984 to 2010) of farmland management on soil organic carbon(SOC) and soil N in abandoned, wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) non-fertilized, wheat fertilized(mineral fertilizer and organic manure) and alfalfa(Medicago Sativa L.) non-fertilized treatments in a semi-arid region of the Loess Plateau, China. Our results showed that SOC and soil total N contents in the 0–20 cm soil layer increased by 4.29(24.4%) and 1.39 Mg/hm2(100%), respectively, after the conversion of farmland to alfalfa land. Compared to the wheat non-fertilized treatment, SOC and soil total N contents in the 0–20 cm soil layer increased by 4.64(26.4%) and 1.18 Mg/hm2(85.5%), respectively, in the wheat fertilized treatment. In addition, we found that the extents of changes in SOC, soil total N and mineral N depended on soil depth were greater in the upper soil layer(0–30 cm) than in the deeper soil layer(30–100 cm) in the alfalfa land or fertilizer-applied wheat land. Fertilizer applied to winter wheat could increase the accumulation rates of SOC and soil total N. SOC concentration had a significant positive correlation with soil total N concentration. Therefore, this study suggested that farmland management, e.g. the conversion of farmland to alfalfa forage land and fertilizer application, could promote the sequestrations of C and N in soils in semi-arid regions. 展开更多
关键词 soil organic carbon(SOC) soil N fertilizer land use change semi-arid area
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Characteristics of change of humic substance in soil in degraded grass lands
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《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 1997年第4期109-113,共5页
CharacteristicsofchangeofhumicsubstanceinsoilindegradedgraslandsShengXuebinResearchCenterforEcoEnvironmental... CharacteristicsofchangeofhumicsubstanceinsoilindegradedgraslandsShengXuebinResearchCenterforEcoEnvironmentalSciences,Chinese... 展开更多
关键词 soil Characteristics of change of humic substance in soil in degraded grass lands
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Ecological Effects of Land Use Patterns in Red Soil HillyRegion 被引量:15
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作者 WANGXIAO-JU GONGZI-TONG 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1995年第2期163-170,共8页
Plant biomass and biodiversity, element accumulation and return, water loss and soil erosion, and changesin soil properties were studied for up to 10 years after conversion of sparse tree-shrubby grass land into thefo... Plant biomass and biodiversity, element accumulation and return, water loss and soil erosion, and changesin soil properties were studied for up to 10 years after conversion of sparse tree-shrubby grass land into thefollowing four land use patterns: masson pine (Pznvs massonzana Lamb.) land, beautiful sweetgum (Ltq-uidambar fomosana Hance) land, vegetation reservation land, and artificial mowing land. The annualbiomass production of the masson pine land was 5060 kg ha ̄-1 being 4.9, 2.1, and 6.0 times that of the beau-tiful sweetgum land, the vegetation reservation land, and the artificial mowing land, respectively. Comparedwith the background values, the number of plant species for the vegetation reservation land increased by 10species after 10 years of land utilization, while for the masson pine and the beautiful sweetgum decreased by4, and for the artificial mowing land by 9. For masson pine land, total amount of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg neededfor producing 1000 kg dry matter was only 3.5 kg, annual element return through litter was 22 kg ha ̄-1, bothof which were much lower than those of the other patterns. Vegetation reservation was an effective measureto conserve soil and water and improve soil fertility in the red soil hilly region. Artificial mowing arousedserious degradation of vegetation and soil. Some measures and suggestions for management and exploitationof the red soil hilly region such as masson pine planting, closing hills for afforestation, and stereo-agricultureon one hill are proposed. 展开更多
关键词 ecological effects land utilization red soil hilly region soil change
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Effects of Vegetation Restoration in Different Types on Soil Nutrients in Southern Edge of Mu Us Sandy Land 被引量:1
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作者 杨越 哈斯.额尔敦 +3 位作者 孙保平 杜会石 赵岩 钟晓娟 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2012年第8期1708-1712,1783,共6页
In order to explore effects of vegetation on nutrients in soils, nutrients characters of soils under natural grass, closed grass, abandoned lands, forest lands returned from farmlands and fixed sandy areas in Mu Us De... In order to explore effects of vegetation on nutrients in soils, nutrients characters of soils under natural grass, closed grass, abandoned lands, forest lands returned from farmlands and fixed sandy areas in Mu Us Desert were researched. The results indicated that vegetations in varied types have different effects on organic matter, total N, available N and available P, among which the first three were all higher in soils under closed grass, forest lands returned from farmlands, and fixed sandy lands than those under natural grass and abandoned lands. This was totally contrary with contents of available P in soil. In addition, nutrients in soils at 0-20 cm were more influenced by vegetation, than those at 20-60 cm, and Caragana Korshinskii proved better in improving nutrients in soils. 展开更多
关键词 Vegetation restoration change of soil nutrient Mu Us sandy land
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Buried straw layer and plastic mulching increase microflora diversity in salinized soil 被引量:10
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作者 LI Yu-yi PANG Huan-cheng +5 位作者 HAN Xiu-fang YAN Shou-wei ZHAO Yong-gan WANG Jing ZHAI Zhen ZHANG Jian-li 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第7期1602-1611,共10页
Salt stress has been increasingly constraining crop productivity in arid lands of the world. In our recent study, salt stress was aleviated and crop productivity was improved remarkably by straw layer burial plus plas... Salt stress has been increasingly constraining crop productivity in arid lands of the world. In our recent study, salt stress was aleviated and crop productivity was improved remarkably by straw layer burial plus plastic iflm mulching in a saline soil. However, its impact on the microlfora diversity is not wel documented. Field micro-plot experiments were conducted from 2010 to 2011 using four tilage methods: (i) deep tilage with plastic iflm mulching (CK), (i) straw layer burial at 40 cm (S), (ii) straw layer burial plus surface soil mulching with straw material (S+S), and (iv) plastic iflm mulching plus buried straw layer (P+S). Culturable microbes and predominant bacterial communities were studied; based on 16S rDNA, bacterial com-munity structure and abundance were characterized using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results showed that P+S was the most favorable for culturable bacteria, actinomyces and fungi and induced the most diverse genera of bacteria compared to other tilage methods. Soil temperature had signiifcant positive correlations with the number of bacteria, actinomyces and fungi (P〈0.01). However, soil water was poorly correlated with any of the microbes. Salt content had a signiifcant negative correlation with the number of microbers, especialy for bacteria and fungi (P〈0.01). DGGE analysis showed that the P+S exhibited the highest diversity of bacteria with 20 visible bands folowed by S+S, S and CK. Moreover, P+S had the highest similarity (68%) of bacterial communities with CK. The major bacterial genera in al soil samples wereFirmicutes,Proteobacteria andActinobacteria. Given the considerable increase in microbial growth, the combined use of straw layer burial and plastic iflm mulching could be a practical option for aleviating salt stress effects on soil microbial community and thereby improving crop production in arid saline soils. 展开更多
关键词 buried straw layer plastic mulch soil microlfora changes PCR-DGGE microlfora diversity salinized soil
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Effects of Plastic Film Mulching of Millet on Soil Moisture and Temperature in Semi-Arid Areas in South Ningxia of China 被引量:3
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作者 LIAO Yun-cheng ZHANG De-qi JIA Zhi-kuan ZHANG Li LU Yang-ming 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2005年第11期865-871,共7页
The effects of film mulching of millet on soil water content were studied in semi-arid areas in the Loess Plateau of South Ningxia, China. Different mulching methods including water micro-collecting farming (WF), wa... The effects of film mulching of millet on soil water content were studied in semi-arid areas in the Loess Plateau of South Ningxia, China. Different mulching methods including water micro-collecting farming (WF), water micro-collecting farming in winter fallow (WW), hole seeding on film (HF), hole seeding on film in winter fallow (HW) were compared to determine the effects of mulching methods on soil water collecting and conservation during millet growth periods of 2003-2004, as well as the variation tendency of water content after rainfall, output of millet and water use efficiency (WUE). The experimental results in the two successive years indicated that water micro-collecting farming had a better function of collecting water after rainfall, and side infiltrated water was stored under the ridges and the top layer 0-40 cm soil water changes were great. WF had obvious role in water collection and preservation of soil moisture. It effectively improved the water supply capacity by about 19.05% in the end of growth seasons. The storage of HW and WW increased by 24.9 and 7.1 mm compared with CK, and output of yield were obviously increased. Film mulching increased the yield of millet and enhanced water use efficiency (WUE). During different growth periods, WF exhibited better water storage function with lower water consumption, and demonstrated optimal social and ecological benefits. 展开更多
关键词 MILLET Dynamic change of soil moisture Film mulching Water micro-collecting farming
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Influence of Climate on Soil Organic Carbon in Chinese Paddy Soils 被引量:2
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作者 WANG Dandan YAN Yechao +5 位作者 LI Xinhui SHI Xuezheng ZHANG Zhongqi David C WEINDORF WANG Hongjie XU Shengxiang 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 2017年第3期351-361,共11页
Soil organic carbon(SOC) is a major component of the global carbon cycle and has a potentially large impact on the greenhouse effect. Paddy soils are important agricultural soils worldwide, especially in Asia. Thus, a... Soil organic carbon(SOC) is a major component of the global carbon cycle and has a potentially large impact on the greenhouse effect. Paddy soils are important agricultural soils worldwide, especially in Asia. Thus, a better understanding of the relationship between SOC of paddy soils and climate variables is crucial to a robust understanding of the potential effect of climate change on the global carbon cycle. A soil profile data set(n = 1490) from the Second National Soil Survey of China conducted from 1979 to 1994 was used to explore the relationships of SOC density with mean annual temperature(MAT) and mean annual precipitation(MAP) in six soil regions and eight paddy soil subgroups. Results showed that SOC density of paddy soils was negatively correlated with MAT and positively correlated with MAP(P < 0.01). The relationships of SOC density with MAT and MAP were weak and varied among the six soil regions and eight paddy soil subgroups. A preliminary assessment of the response of SOC in Chinese paddy soils to climate indicated that climate could lead to a 13% SOC loss from paddy soils. Compared to other soil regions, paddy soils in Northern China will potentially more sensitive to climate change over the next several decades. Paddy soils in Middle and Lower Yangtze River Basin could be a potential carbon sink. Reducing the climate impact on paddy soil SOC will mitigate the positive feedback loop between SOC release and global climate change. 展开更多
关键词 soil organic carbon paddy soils mean annual temperature mean annual precipitation climate change
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Using modified Soil Conservation Service curve number method to simulate the role of forest in flood control in the upper reach of the Tingjiang River in China 被引量:3
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作者 LIN Wei YANG Fan +2 位作者 ZHOU Liang XU Jian-gang ZHANG Xing-qi 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2017年第1期1-14,共14页
To improve flood control efficiency and increase urban resilience to flooding,the impacts of forest type change on flood control in the upper reach of the Tingjiang River(URTR) were evaluated by a modified model based... To improve flood control efficiency and increase urban resilience to flooding,the impacts of forest type change on flood control in the upper reach of the Tingjiang River(URTR) were evaluated by a modified model based on the Soil Conservation Service curve number(SCS-CN) method. Parameters of the model were selected and determined according to the comprehensive analysis of model evaluation indexes. The first simulation of forest reconstruction scenario,namely a coniferous forest covering 59.35km^2 is replaced by a broad-leaved forest showed no significant impact on the flood reduction in the URTR. The second simulation was added with 61.75km^2 bamboo forest replaced by broad-leaved forest,the reduction of flood peak discharge and flood volume could be improved significantly. Specifically,flood peak discharge of 10-year return period event was reduced to 7-year event,and the reduction rate of small flood was 21%-28%. Moreover,the flood volume was reduced by 9%-14% and 18%-35% for moderate floods and small floods,respectively. The resultssuggest that the bamboo forest reconstruction is an effective control solution for small to moderate flood in the URTR,the effect of forest conversion on flood volume is increasingly reduced as the rainfall amount increases to more extreme magnitude. Using a hydrological model with scenarios analysis is an effective simulation approach in investigating the relationship between forest type change and flood control. This method would provide reliable support for flood control and disaster mitigation in mountainous cities. 展开更多
关键词 Flood control soil Conservation Service curve number method Forest type change Scenarios simulation Tingjiang River
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Soil Respiration in Drying of an Organic Soil
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作者 Zofia Fischer Pavel Blazka 《Open Journal of Soil Science》 2015年第9期181-192,共12页
Drying of soil was linearly related to time, soil volume decreased and ratio of air within the soils increased. Respiration was related with decreasing humidity, storage of CO2 in soil water results in RQ < 0.5 in ... Drying of soil was linearly related to time, soil volume decreased and ratio of air within the soils increased. Respiration was related with decreasing humidity, storage of CO2 in soil water results in RQ < 0.5 in the larger soil items at least for a while. Rate of drying decreased in the second part of the process. RQ increased as the CO2 stored was aerated when its solvent-water evaporated and access of air into the soil increased;eventually RQ = 1.0 in the last days of the experiment. Respiration of the experimental soil stopped when GWC reached 0.15. ΣRQ for the whole process is about 0.7, a bit higher in experiments with less soil suggesting less anoxia. 展开更多
关键词 RQ ANOXIA Storage of CO_(2) changes of soil Volume
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Environmental factors controlling soil warming and wetting during 2000-2020 in permafrost and non-permafrost regions across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
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作者 Guo-An YIN Jing LUO +4 位作者 Fu-Jun NIU Ming-Hao LIU Ze-Yong GAO Tian-Chun DONG Wei-Heng NI 《Advances in Climate Change Research》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第2期285-296,共12页
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)has experienced rapid environmental changes,including climate warming and wetting,since the 1980s.These environmental changes significantly impact the shallow soil hydrothermal conditions... The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)has experienced rapid environmental changes,including climate warming and wetting,since the 1980s.These environmental changes significantly impact the shallow soil hydrothermal conditions,which have key roles in land-atmosphere feedback and ecosystem functions.However,the spatial variations and responses of soil hydrothermal conditions to environmental changes over the QTP with permafrost(PF)and seasonal frost(SF)remain unclear.In this study,we investigated the spatial variations in soil temperature(ST)and soil moisture(SM)changes over the QTP from 2000 to 2020 using 99 in-situ sites with observations at 4 depths(i.e.10,40,100 and 200 cm).The main environmental controlling factors were further identified using a calibrated statistical model.Results showed that significant(p<0.05)soil warming occurred at multiple soil layers during 2000-2020 with a wide variation(i.e.0.033-0.039℃ per year on average),whereas the warming rates at PF sites were two times greater than those at SF sites.In addition,the soil wetting rate was high over the SF region,whereas the soil wetting rate was low over the PF region.Aside from air temperature,changes in thawing degree days and solar radiation(Srad)contributed most to soil warming in the PF region,whereas changes in rainfall,Srad and evaporation(EVA)have been identified as the key factors in the SF region.As for soil wetting,changes in snowfall,freezing degree days and vegetation have noticeable nonlinear effects over the PF region,whereas changes in EVA,Srad and rainfall highlighted distinct linear and nonlinear effects in the SF region.These findings enhance our understanding of the hydrothermal impacts of future environmental changes over the QTP. 展开更多
关键词 Warming amd wetting soil hydrothermal change Factor PERMAFROST Seasonal frost
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Assessment of future climate change impacts on water-heat-salt migration in unsaturated frozen soil using CoupModel 被引量:3
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作者 Hanli Wan Jianmin Bian +1 位作者 Han Zhang Yihan Li 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第1期145-161,共17页
The transport mechanisms of water,heat,and salt in unsaturated frozen soil,as well as its response to future climate change are in urgent need of study.In this study,western Jilin Province in north-eastern China was s... The transport mechanisms of water,heat,and salt in unsaturated frozen soil,as well as its response to future climate change are in urgent need of study.In this study,western Jilin Province in north-eastern China was studied to produce a model of coupled water-heat-salt in unsaturated frozen soil using CoupModel.The water,heat,and salt dynamics of unsaturated frozen soil under three representative concentration pathway(RCP)scenarios were simulated to analyze the effects of future climate change on unsaturated frozen soil.The results show that water,heat,and salt migration are tightly coupled,and the soil salt concentration in the surface layer(10 cm)exhibits explosive growth after freezing and thawing.The future(2020–2099)meteorological factors in the study area were predicted using the Statistical Downscaling Model(SDSM).For RCP2.6,RCP4.5,and RCP8.5 scenarios,future temperatures during the freeze–thaw period increased by 2.68°C,3.18°C,and 4.28°C,respectively;precipitation increased by 30.28 mm,28.41 mm,and 32.17 mm,respectively;and evaporation increased by 93.57 mm,106.95 mm,and 130.57 mm,respectively.Climate change will shorten the freeze–thaw period,advance the soil melting time from April to March,and enhance water and salt transport.Compared to the baseline period(1961–2005),future soil salt concentrations at 10 cm increased by 1547.54 mg/L,1762.86 mg/L,and 1713.66 mg/L under RCP2.6,RCP4.5,and RCP8.5,respectively.The explosive salt accumulation is more obvious.Effective measures should be taken to prevent the salinization of unsaturated frozen soils and address climate change. 展开更多
关键词 soil salinization Climate change Unsaturated frozen soil Water-heat-salt balance soil environment change
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Detecting the storage and change on topsoil organic carbon in grasslands of Inner Mongolia from 1980s to 2010s 被引量:6
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作者 DAI Erfu ZHAI Ruixue +1 位作者 GE Quansheng WU Xiuqin 《Journal of Geographical Sciences》 SCIE CSCD 2014年第6期1035-1046,共12页
Soil carbon sequestration and potential has been a focal issue in global carbon research. Under the background of global change, the estimation of the size as well as its change of soil organic carbon(SOC) storage i... Soil carbon sequestration and potential has been a focal issue in global carbon research. Under the background of global change, the estimation of the size as well as its change of soil organic carbon(SOC) storage is of great importance. Based on soil data from the second national soil survey and field survey during 2011–2012, by using the regression method between sampling soil data and remote sensing data, this paper aimed to investigate spatial distribution and changes of topsoil(0–20 cm) organic carbon storage in grasslands of Inner Mongolia between the 1980 s and 2010 s. The results showed that:(1) the SOC storage in grasslands of Inner Mongolia between the 1980 s and 2010 s was estimated to be 2.05 and 2.17 Pg C, with an average density of 3.48 and 3.69 kg C·m–2, respectively. The SOC storage was mainly distributed in the typical steppe and meadow steppe, which accounted for over 98% of the total SOC storage. The spatial distribution showed a decreased trend from the meadow steppe, typical steppe to the desert steppe, corresponding to the temperature and precipitation gradient.(2) SOC changes during 1982–2012 were estimated to be 0.12 Pg C, at 7.00 g C·m–2·yr–1, which didn't show a significant change, indicating that SOC storage in grasslands of Inner Mongolia remained relatively stable over this period. However, topsoil organic carbon showed different trends of carbon source/sink during the past three decades. Meadow steppe and typical steppe had sequestered 0.15 and 0.03 Pg C, respectively, served as a carbon sink; while desert steppe lost 0.06 Pg C, served as a carbon source. It appears that SOC storage in grassland ecosystem may respond differently to climate change, related to vegetation type, regional climate type and grazing intensity. These results might give advice to decision makers on adopting suitable countermeasures for sustainable grassland utilization and protection. 展开更多
关键词 surface soil organic carbon storage climate change spatial differences grassland in Inner Mongolia
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