A method to remove stripes from remote sensing images is proposed based on statistics and a new image enhancement method.The overall processing steps for improving the quality of remote sensing images are introduced t...A method to remove stripes from remote sensing images is proposed based on statistics and a new image enhancement method.The overall processing steps for improving the quality of remote sensing images are introduced to provide a general baseline.Due to the differences in satellite sensors when producing images,subtle but inherent stripes can appear at the stitching positions between the sensors.These stitchingstripes cannot be eliminated by conventional relative radiometric calibration.The inherent stitching stripes cause difficulties in downstream tasks such as the segmentation,classification and interpretation of remote sensing images.Therefore,a method to remove the stripes based on statistics and a new image enhancement approach are proposed in this paper.First,the inconsistency in grayscales around stripes is eliminated with the statistical method.Second,the pixels within stripes are weighted and averaged based on updated pixel values to enhance the uniformity of the overall image radiation quality.Finally,the details of the images are highlighted by a new image enhancement method,which makes the whole image clearer.Comprehensive experiments are performed,and the results indicate that the proposed method outperforms the baseline approach in terms of visual quality and radiation correction accuracy.展开更多
In this paper,we study the asymptotic relation between the first crossing point and the last exit time for Gaussian order statistics which are generated by stationary weakly and strongly dependent Gaussian sequences.I...In this paper,we study the asymptotic relation between the first crossing point and the last exit time for Gaussian order statistics which are generated by stationary weakly and strongly dependent Gaussian sequences.It is shown that the first crossing point and the last exit time are asymptotically independent and dependent for weakly and strongly dependent cases,respectively.The asymptotic relations between the first crossing point and the last exit time for stationary weakly and strongly dependent Gaussian sequences are also obtained.展开更多
With the illustration of a specific problem, this paper demonstrates that using Monte Carlo Simulation technology will improve intuitive effect of teaching Probability and Mathematical Statistics course, and save inst...With the illustration of a specific problem, this paper demonstrates that using Monte Carlo Simulation technology will improve intuitive effect of teaching Probability and Mathematical Statistics course, and save instructors' effort as well.And it is estimated that Monte Carlo Simulation technology will be one of the major teaching methods for Probability and Mathematical Statistics course in the future.展开更多
In both academic research and policymaking,public sector debt and debt-to-GDP ratios are relied on for a multitude of important economic,political and socioeconomic decisions,especially as public sector balance sheets...In both academic research and policymaking,public sector debt and debt-to-GDP ratios are relied on for a multitude of important economic,political and socioeconomic decisions,especially as public sector balance sheets expand to an unprecedented size in the midst of the 2019–2020 COVID pandemic.The reliance on available data from reputable sources often overlooks the question of whether the denominator in this ratio is accurately measured or how well the denominator is understood by the audience interpreting it.Building on past work in international financial statistics,and making use of a unique and newly created dataset on media reporting of public sector debt,the purpose of this article is to examine the quality,accuracy,interpretation and overall meaningfulness of public sector financial statistics.The main findings suggest that i)most of the world’s governments still do not seem to feel sufficient pressure to voluntarily provide comprehensive financial statistics based on well-defined modern methodological frameworks and ii)high profile financial statistics,which are reported,have become increasingly numerous and complicated,making it difficult for non-experts to know which is most appropriate in the context of their analysis.展开更多
Let - be i.i.d. random variables taking values in a measurable space ( Χ, B ). Let φ1: Χ →□ and φ: Χ2→□ be measurable functions. Assume that φ is symmetric, i.e. φ(x,y)=φ(y.x), for any x,y∈Χ . Consider U...Let - be i.i.d. random variables taking values in a measurable space ( Χ, B ). Let φ1: Χ →□ and φ: Χ2→□ be measurable functions. Assume that φ is symmetric, i.e. φ(x,y)=φ(y.x), for any x,y∈Χ . Consider U-statistic, assuming that Eφ1(Χ)=0, Eφ(x, X)=0 for all x∈X, Eφ2(x,X)<∞, Eφ21(X)<∞. We will provide bounds for ΔN=supx|F(x)-F0(x)-F1(x)|, where F is a distribution function of T and F0 , F1 are its limiting distribution function and Edgeworth correction respectively. Applications of these results are also provided for von Mises statistics case.展开更多
“Four classes of enterprises above designated size”(hereinafter called four-classes enterprises)refer to objects of statistical survey that have reached a certain scale in China’s current statistical method system,...“Four classes of enterprises above designated size”(hereinafter called four-classes enterprises)refer to objects of statistical survey that have reached a certain scale in China’s current statistical method system,including four classes in national economy,namely,industrial enterprises above designated size,construction and real estate development and management enterprises above qualifications,wholesale and retail,catering and accommodation enterprises,and service enterprises above designated size,which are the primary part of national economic and social development activities.This paper is focused on analyzing the practice and difficulties in the current statistics work of four-classes enterprises,and then this paper proposes some recommendations.展开更多
This paper is mainly to deal with the problem of direction of arrival(DOA) estimations of multiple narrow-band sources impinging on a uniform linear array under impulsive noise environments. By modeling the impulsive ...This paper is mainly to deal with the problem of direction of arrival(DOA) estimations of multiple narrow-band sources impinging on a uniform linear array under impulsive noise environments. By modeling the impulsive noise as α-stable distribution, new methods which combine the sparse signal representation technique and fractional lower order statistics theory are proposed. In the new algorithms, the fractional lower order statistics vectors of the array output signal are sparsely represented on an overcomplete basis and the DOAs can be effectively estimated by searching the sparsest coefficients. To enhance the robustness performance of the proposed algorithms,the improved algorithms are advanced by eliminating the fractional lower order statistics of the noise from the fractional lower order statistics vector of the array output through a linear transformation. Simulation results have shown the effectiveness of the proposed methods for a wide range of highly impulsive environments.展开更多
In this study,two convective-stratiform rainfall partitioning schemes are evaluated using precipitation and cloud statistics for different rainfall types categorized by applying surface rainfall equation on grid-scale...In this study,two convective-stratiform rainfall partitioning schemes are evaluated using precipitation and cloud statistics for different rainfall types categorized by applying surface rainfall equation on grid-scale data from a two-dimensional cloud-resolving model simulation.One scheme is based on surface rainfall intensity whereas the other is based on cloud content information.The model is largely forced by the large-scale vertical velocity derived from the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment(TOGA COARE).The results reveal that over 40% of convective rainfall is associated with water vapor divergence,which primarily comes from the rainfall type with local atmospheric drying and water hydrometeor loss/convergence,caused by precipitation and evaporation of rain.More than 40% of stratiform rainfall is related to water vapor convergence,which largely comes from the rainfall type with local atmospheric moistening and hydrometeor loss/convergence attributable to water clouds through precipitation and the evaporation of rain and ice clouds through the conversion from ice hydrometeor to water hydrometeor.This implies that the separation methods based on surface rainfall and cloud content may not clearly separate convective and stratiform rainfall.展开更多
Deals with the determination of the nearly best linear estimates of location and scale parameters of a logistic population, when both parameters are unknown, by introducing Blom’s semi empirical ’α,β correction’ ...Deals with the determination of the nearly best linear estimates of location and scale parameters of a logistic population, when both parameters are unknown, by introducing Blom’s semi empirical ’α,β correction’ into the asymptotic mean and covariance formulae with complete and ordered samples taken into consideration and various nearly best linear estimates established and points out the high efficiency of these estimators relative to the best linear unbiased estimators (BLUEs) and other linear estimators makes them useful in practice.展开更多
The static modeling and dynamic simulation are essential and critical processes in petroleum exploration and development. In this study, lithofacies models for Wabiskaw Member in Athabasca, Canada are generated by mul...The static modeling and dynamic simulation are essential and critical processes in petroleum exploration and development. In this study, lithofacies models for Wabiskaw Member in Athabasca, Canada are generated by multipoint statistics(MPS) and then compared with the models built by sequential indicator simulation(SIS). Three training images(Tls) are selected from modern depositional environments;the Orinoco River Delta estuary, Cobequid bay-Salmon River estuary, and Danube River delta environment. In order to validate lithofacies models, average and variance of similarity in lithofacies are calculated through random and zonal blind-well tests.In random six-blind-well test, similarity average of MPS models is higher than that of SIS model. The Salmon MPS model closely resembles facies pattern of Wabiskaw Member in subsurface. Zonal blind-well tests show that successful lithofacies modeling for transitional depositional setting requires additional or proper zonation information on horizontal variation, vertical proportion, and secondary data.As Wabiskaw Member is frontier oilsands lease, it is impossible to evaluate the economics from production data or dynamic simulation. In this study, a dynamic steam assisted gravity drainage(SAGD)performance indicator(SPIDER) on the basis of reservoir characteristics is calculated to build 3 D reservoir model for the evaluation of the SAGD feasibility in Wabiskaw Member. SPIDER depends on reservoir properties, economic limit of steam-oil ratio, and bitumen price. Reservoir properties like porosity,permeability, and water saturation are measured from 13 cores and calculated from 201 well-logs. Three dimensional volumes of reservoir properties are constructed mostly based on relationships among properties. Finally, net present value(NPV) volume can be built by equation relating NPV and SPIDER. The economic area exceeding criterion of US$ 10,000 is identified, and the ranges of reservoir properties are estimated. NPV-volume-generation workflow from reservoir parameter to static model provides costand time-effective method to evaluate the oilsands SAGD project.展开更多
Today developed countries mainly participate in international trade via their foreign affiliates and intermediate goods are more frequently traded as a result of increasingly deepening international divisions of labou...Today developed countries mainly participate in international trade via their foreign affiliates and intermediate goods are more frequently traded as a result of increasingly deepening international divisions of labour.Against this background,the current trade statistical system that is characterized by the statistical principle of cross-border trade and production,and the custom’s registration data collection method,greatly exaggerate the trade imbalance between China and America. Consequently,it is necessary for the Chinese nation to overcome the shortcomings of the current statistical system so as to evaluate more fairly the trade imbalance between China and America by referring to the Ownership-Based Framework of the complimentary statistical system under the US Current Account.This article, on the basis of the statistical principle of oumership,attempts to regulate the distorted trade imbalance resulting from the current trade statistical system,and aims for an increased understanding of the trade imbalance between China and America from a theoretical background,as well as from the points of view of practitioners and decision makers.展开更多
This article proposes the maximum test for a sequence of quadratic form statistics about score test in logistic regression model which can be applied to genetic and medicine fields.Theoretical properties about the max...This article proposes the maximum test for a sequence of quadratic form statistics about score test in logistic regression model which can be applied to genetic and medicine fields.Theoretical properties about the maximum test are derived.Extensive simulation studies are conducted to testify powers robustness of the maximum test compared to other two existed test.We also apply the maximum test to a real dataset about multiple gene variables association analysis.展开更多
This article considers the problem in obtaining the maximum likelihood prediction (point and interval) and Bayesian prediction (point and interval) for a future observation from mixture of two Rayleigh (MTR) distribut...This article considers the problem in obtaining the maximum likelihood prediction (point and interval) and Bayesian prediction (point and interval) for a future observation from mixture of two Rayleigh (MTR) distributions based on generalized order statistics (GOS). We consider one-sample and two-sample prediction schemes using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm. The conjugate prior is used to carry out the Bayesian analysis. The results are specialized to upper record values. Numerical example is presented in the methods proposed in this paper.展开更多
Traffic flow statistics have become a particularly important part of intelligent transportation.To solve the problems of low real-time robustness and accuracy in traffic flow statistics.In the DeepSort tracking algori...Traffic flow statistics have become a particularly important part of intelligent transportation.To solve the problems of low real-time robustness and accuracy in traffic flow statistics.In the DeepSort tracking algorithm,the Kalman filter(KF),which is only suitable for linear problems,is replaced by the extended Kalman filter(EKF),which can effectively solve nonlinear problems and integrate the Histogram of Oriented Gradient(HOG)of the target.The multi-target tracking framework was constructed with YOLO V5 target detection algorithm.An efficient and longrunning Traffic Flow Statistical framework(TFSF)is established based on the tracking framework.Virtual lines are set up to record the movement direction of vehicles to more accurate and detailed statistics of traffic flow.In order to verify the robustness and accuracy of the traffic flow statistical framework,the traffic flow in different scenes of actual road conditions was collected for verification.The experimental validation shows that the accuracy of the traffic statistics framework reaches more than 93%,and the running speed under the detection data set in this paper is 32.7FPS,which can meet the real-time requirements and has a particular significance for the development of intelligent transportation.展开更多
It is a matter of course that Kolmogorov’s probability theory is a very useful mathematical tool for the analysis of statistics. However, this fact never means that statistics is based on Kolmogorov’s probability th...It is a matter of course that Kolmogorov’s probability theory is a very useful mathematical tool for the analysis of statistics. However, this fact never means that statistics is based on Kolmogorov’s probability theory, since it is not guaranteed that mathematics and our world are connected. In order that mathematics asserts some statements concerning our world, a certain theory (so called “world view”) mediates between mathematics and our world. Recently we propose measurement theory (i.e., the theory of the quantum mechanical world view), which is characterized as the linguistic turn of quantum mechanics. In this paper, we assert that statistics is based on measurement theory. And, for example, we show, from the pure theoretical point of view (i.e., from the measurement theoretical point of view), that regression analysis can not be justified without Bayes’ theorem. This may imply that even the conventional classification of (Fisher’s) statistics and Bayesian statistics should be reconsidered.展开更多
During the period from October 2014 to March 2015, a total number of 82 seismic tremors and 66 ice-quakes were identified in both three-component short-period seismographs (HES) and broadband seismographs (STS-1) at S...During the period from October 2014 to March 2015, a total number of 82 seismic tremors and 66 ice-quakes were identified in both three-component short-period seismographs (HES) and broadband seismographs (STS-1) at Syowa Station (SYO), Antarctica. Statistics of the number of these tremors indicated that many tremors were likely to occur when large increases in temperature and/or wind speed during the period. This implied that the rapid increase in temperature enhanced a melting speed of cryosphere environment with generating seismic energy;the tremors were also excited by stormy conditions, associated with interactive resonance between sea-ices and oceanic swells. The characteristic tremors of harmonic overtones with strong amplitudes were explained by repetitive sources, suggesting inter-glacial asperities such as the collision of icebergs and fast sea-ice, calving of glaciers/ice-streams at the coastal environment of Antarctica. These high amplitude tremors occurred independently from other majority types of events, characterized by non-linear, small amplitude and weak signals at the stormy condition and rapid increase in temperature.展开更多
Image processing and image analysis are the main aspects for obtaining information from digital image owing to the fact that this techniques give the desired details in most of the applications generally and Non-Destr...Image processing and image analysis are the main aspects for obtaining information from digital image owing to the fact that this techniques give the desired details in most of the applications generally and Non-Destructive testing specifically. This paper presents a proposed method for the automatic detection of weld defects in radiographic images. Firstly, the radiographic images were enhanced using adaptive histogram equalization and are filtered using mean and wiener filters. Secondly, the welding area is selected from the radiography image. Thirdly, the Cepstral features are extracted from the Higher-Order Spectra (Bispectrum and Trispectrum). Finally, neural networks are used for feature matching. The proposed method is tested using 100 radiographic images in the presence of noise and image blurring. Results show that in spite of time consumption, the proposed method yields best results for the automatic detection of weld defects in radiography images when the features were extracted from the Trispectrum of the image.展开更多
As the world's authoritative organization on energy information, the International Energy Agency (IEA), which was founded in 1974, releases Key World Energy Statistics every year from 1997 (hereinafter referred to...As the world's authoritative organization on energy information, the International Energy Agency (IEA), which was founded in 1974, releases Key World Energy Statistics every year from 1997 (hereinafter referred to as the "Key Data"). The "Key Data" released in 2007 announced the 2005 statistics, and also provided the 1973 statistics for comparison. From the published data, we can clearly find the development path and trend of the world energy and power industry. Also, China's strong development momentum, high- speed growth of energy consumption and the enormous challenges in the sustainable energy supply are especially noticeable. This paper reviewed the "Key Data" to perceive China's Energy Development. The analysis and interpretation of these data are purely from the author's point of view.展开更多
Integrated use of statistical process control (SPC) and engineering process control (EPC) has better performance than that by solely using SPC or EPC. But integrated scheme has resulted in the problem of “Window of O...Integrated use of statistical process control (SPC) and engineering process control (EPC) has better performance than that by solely using SPC or EPC. But integrated scheme has resulted in the problem of “Window of Opportunity” and autocorrelation. In this paper, advanced T2 statistics model and neural networks scheme are combined to solve the above problems: use T2 statistics technique to solve the problem of autocorrelation;adopt neural networks technique to solve the problem of “Window of Opportunity” and identification of disturbance causes. At the same time, regarding the shortcoming of neural network technique that its algorithm has a low speed of convergence and it is usually plunged into local optimum easily. Genetic algorithm was proposed to train samples in this paper. Results of the simulation ex-periments show that this method can detect the process disturbance quickly and accurately as well as identify the dis-turbance type.展开更多
文摘A method to remove stripes from remote sensing images is proposed based on statistics and a new image enhancement method.The overall processing steps for improving the quality of remote sensing images are introduced to provide a general baseline.Due to the differences in satellite sensors when producing images,subtle but inherent stripes can appear at the stitching positions between the sensors.These stitchingstripes cannot be eliminated by conventional relative radiometric calibration.The inherent stitching stripes cause difficulties in downstream tasks such as the segmentation,classification and interpretation of remote sensing images.Therefore,a method to remove the stripes based on statistics and a new image enhancement approach are proposed in this paper.First,the inconsistency in grayscales around stripes is eliminated with the statistical method.Second,the pixels within stripes are weighted and averaged based on updated pixel values to enhance the uniformity of the overall image radiation quality.Finally,the details of the images are highlighted by a new image enhancement method,which makes the whole image clearer.Comprehensive experiments are performed,and the results indicate that the proposed method outperforms the baseline approach in terms of visual quality and radiation correction accuracy.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11501250)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LY18A010020)Innovation of Jiaxing City:a program to support the talented persons。
文摘In this paper,we study the asymptotic relation between the first crossing point and the last exit time for Gaussian order statistics which are generated by stationary weakly and strongly dependent Gaussian sequences.It is shown that the first crossing point and the last exit time are asymptotically independent and dependent for weakly and strongly dependent cases,respectively.The asymptotic relations between the first crossing point and the last exit time for stationary weakly and strongly dependent Gaussian sequences are also obtained.
文摘With the illustration of a specific problem, this paper demonstrates that using Monte Carlo Simulation technology will improve intuitive effect of teaching Probability and Mathematical Statistics course, and save instructors' effort as well.And it is estimated that Monte Carlo Simulation technology will be one of the major teaching methods for Probability and Mathematical Statistics course in the future.
文摘In both academic research and policymaking,public sector debt and debt-to-GDP ratios are relied on for a multitude of important economic,political and socioeconomic decisions,especially as public sector balance sheets expand to an unprecedented size in the midst of the 2019–2020 COVID pandemic.The reliance on available data from reputable sources often overlooks the question of whether the denominator in this ratio is accurately measured or how well the denominator is understood by the audience interpreting it.Building on past work in international financial statistics,and making use of a unique and newly created dataset on media reporting of public sector debt,the purpose of this article is to examine the quality,accuracy,interpretation and overall meaningfulness of public sector financial statistics.The main findings suggest that i)most of the world’s governments still do not seem to feel sufficient pressure to voluntarily provide comprehensive financial statistics based on well-defined modern methodological frameworks and ii)high profile financial statistics,which are reported,have become increasingly numerous and complicated,making it difficult for non-experts to know which is most appropriate in the context of their analysis.
文摘Let - be i.i.d. random variables taking values in a measurable space ( Χ, B ). Let φ1: Χ →□ and φ: Χ2→□ be measurable functions. Assume that φ is symmetric, i.e. φ(x,y)=φ(y.x), for any x,y∈Χ . Consider U-statistic, assuming that Eφ1(Χ)=0, Eφ(x, X)=0 for all x∈X, Eφ2(x,X)<∞, Eφ21(X)<∞. We will provide bounds for ΔN=supx|F(x)-F0(x)-F1(x)|, where F is a distribution function of T and F0 , F1 are its limiting distribution function and Edgeworth correction respectively. Applications of these results are also provided for von Mises statistics case.
文摘“Four classes of enterprises above designated size”(hereinafter called four-classes enterprises)refer to objects of statistical survey that have reached a certain scale in China’s current statistical method system,including four classes in national economy,namely,industrial enterprises above designated size,construction and real estate development and management enterprises above qualifications,wholesale and retail,catering and accommodation enterprises,and service enterprises above designated size,which are the primary part of national economic and social development activities.This paper is focused on analyzing the practice and difficulties in the current statistics work of four-classes enterprises,and then this paper proposes some recommendations.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61301228,61371091)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3132014212)
文摘This paper is mainly to deal with the problem of direction of arrival(DOA) estimations of multiple narrow-band sources impinging on a uniform linear array under impulsive noise environments. By modeling the impulsive noise as α-stable distribution, new methods which combine the sparse signal representation technique and fractional lower order statistics theory are proposed. In the new algorithms, the fractional lower order statistics vectors of the array output signal are sparsely represented on an overcomplete basis and the DOAs can be effectively estimated by searching the sparsest coefficients. To enhance the robustness performance of the proposed algorithms,the improved algorithms are advanced by eliminating the fractional lower order statistics of the noise from the fractional lower order statistics vector of the array output through a linear transformation. Simulation results have shown the effectiveness of the proposed methods for a wide range of highly impulsive environments.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (41075039,41175065)National Key Basic Research and Development Project of China (2011CB403405)+1 种基金Chinese Special Scientific Research Project for Public Interest (GYHY200806009)Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province of China (2009)
文摘In this study,two convective-stratiform rainfall partitioning schemes are evaluated using precipitation and cloud statistics for different rainfall types categorized by applying surface rainfall equation on grid-scale data from a two-dimensional cloud-resolving model simulation.One scheme is based on surface rainfall intensity whereas the other is based on cloud content information.The model is largely forced by the large-scale vertical velocity derived from the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment(TOGA COARE).The results reveal that over 40% of convective rainfall is associated with water vapor divergence,which primarily comes from the rainfall type with local atmospheric drying and water hydrometeor loss/convergence,caused by precipitation and evaporation of rain.More than 40% of stratiform rainfall is related to water vapor convergence,which largely comes from the rainfall type with local atmospheric moistening and hydrometeor loss/convergence attributable to water clouds through precipitation and the evaporation of rain and ice clouds through the conversion from ice hydrometeor to water hydrometeor.This implies that the separation methods based on surface rainfall and cloud content may not clearly separate convective and stratiform rainfall.
文摘Deals with the determination of the nearly best linear estimates of location and scale parameters of a logistic population, when both parameters are unknown, by introducing Blom’s semi empirical ’α,β correction’ into the asymptotic mean and covariance formulae with complete and ordered samples taken into consideration and various nearly best linear estimates established and points out the high efficiency of these estimators relative to the best linear unbiased estimators (BLUEs) and other linear estimators makes them useful in practice.
基金supported by the Energy Efficiency and Resources Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation andPlanning(KETEP,Grant No.20132510100060)the Basic Research Program of Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources(KIGAM,GP2017-024)+2 种基金funded by the Ministry of ScienceICTFuture Planning of Korea
文摘The static modeling and dynamic simulation are essential and critical processes in petroleum exploration and development. In this study, lithofacies models for Wabiskaw Member in Athabasca, Canada are generated by multipoint statistics(MPS) and then compared with the models built by sequential indicator simulation(SIS). Three training images(Tls) are selected from modern depositional environments;the Orinoco River Delta estuary, Cobequid bay-Salmon River estuary, and Danube River delta environment. In order to validate lithofacies models, average and variance of similarity in lithofacies are calculated through random and zonal blind-well tests.In random six-blind-well test, similarity average of MPS models is higher than that of SIS model. The Salmon MPS model closely resembles facies pattern of Wabiskaw Member in subsurface. Zonal blind-well tests show that successful lithofacies modeling for transitional depositional setting requires additional or proper zonation information on horizontal variation, vertical proportion, and secondary data.As Wabiskaw Member is frontier oilsands lease, it is impossible to evaluate the economics from production data or dynamic simulation. In this study, a dynamic steam assisted gravity drainage(SAGD)performance indicator(SPIDER) on the basis of reservoir characteristics is calculated to build 3 D reservoir model for the evaluation of the SAGD feasibility in Wabiskaw Member. SPIDER depends on reservoir properties, economic limit of steam-oil ratio, and bitumen price. Reservoir properties like porosity,permeability, and water saturation are measured from 13 cores and calculated from 201 well-logs. Three dimensional volumes of reservoir properties are constructed mostly based on relationships among properties. Finally, net present value(NPV) volume can be built by equation relating NPV and SPIDER. The economic area exceeding criterion of US$ 10,000 is identified, and the ranges of reservoir properties are estimated. NPV-volume-generation workflow from reservoir parameter to static model provides costand time-effective method to evaluate the oilsands SAGD project.
基金Project supported by Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Universities(Approval number:KJ2007B258)
文摘Today developed countries mainly participate in international trade via their foreign affiliates and intermediate goods are more frequently traded as a result of increasingly deepening international divisions of labour.Against this background,the current trade statistical system that is characterized by the statistical principle of cross-border trade and production,and the custom’s registration data collection method,greatly exaggerate the trade imbalance between China and America. Consequently,it is necessary for the Chinese nation to overcome the shortcomings of the current statistical system so as to evaluate more fairly the trade imbalance between China and America by referring to the Ownership-Based Framework of the complimentary statistical system under the US Current Account.This article, on the basis of the statistical principle of oumership,attempts to regulate the distorted trade imbalance resulting from the current trade statistical system,and aims for an increased understanding of the trade imbalance between China and America from a theoretical background,as well as from the points of view of practitioners and decision makers.
基金This work of Jiayan Zhu is partially supported by seeding project funding(2019ZZX026)scientific research project funding of talent recruitment,and start up funding for scientific research of Hubei University of Chinese MedicineThis work of Zhengbang Li is partially supported by self-determined research funds of Central China Normal University from colleges'basic research of MOE(CCNU18QN031).
文摘This article proposes the maximum test for a sequence of quadratic form statistics about score test in logistic regression model which can be applied to genetic and medicine fields.Theoretical properties about the maximum test are derived.Extensive simulation studies are conducted to testify powers robustness of the maximum test compared to other two existed test.We also apply the maximum test to a real dataset about multiple gene variables association analysis.
文摘This article considers the problem in obtaining the maximum likelihood prediction (point and interval) and Bayesian prediction (point and interval) for a future observation from mixture of two Rayleigh (MTR) distributions based on generalized order statistics (GOS). We consider one-sample and two-sample prediction schemes using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm. The conjugate prior is used to carry out the Bayesian analysis. The results are specialized to upper record values. Numerical example is presented in the methods proposed in this paper.
基金This work is supported by the Qingdao People’s Livelihood Science and Technology Plan(Grant 19-6-1-88-nsh).
文摘Traffic flow statistics have become a particularly important part of intelligent transportation.To solve the problems of low real-time robustness and accuracy in traffic flow statistics.In the DeepSort tracking algorithm,the Kalman filter(KF),which is only suitable for linear problems,is replaced by the extended Kalman filter(EKF),which can effectively solve nonlinear problems and integrate the Histogram of Oriented Gradient(HOG)of the target.The multi-target tracking framework was constructed with YOLO V5 target detection algorithm.An efficient and longrunning Traffic Flow Statistical framework(TFSF)is established based on the tracking framework.Virtual lines are set up to record the movement direction of vehicles to more accurate and detailed statistics of traffic flow.In order to verify the robustness and accuracy of the traffic flow statistical framework,the traffic flow in different scenes of actual road conditions was collected for verification.The experimental validation shows that the accuracy of the traffic statistics framework reaches more than 93%,and the running speed under the detection data set in this paper is 32.7FPS,which can meet the real-time requirements and has a particular significance for the development of intelligent transportation.
文摘It is a matter of course that Kolmogorov’s probability theory is a very useful mathematical tool for the analysis of statistics. However, this fact never means that statistics is based on Kolmogorov’s probability theory, since it is not guaranteed that mathematics and our world are connected. In order that mathematics asserts some statements concerning our world, a certain theory (so called “world view”) mediates between mathematics and our world. Recently we propose measurement theory (i.e., the theory of the quantum mechanical world view), which is characterized as the linguistic turn of quantum mechanics. In this paper, we assert that statistics is based on measurement theory. And, for example, we show, from the pure theoretical point of view (i.e., from the measurement theoretical point of view), that regression analysis can not be justified without Bayes’ theorem. This may imply that even the conventional classification of (Fisher’s) statistics and Bayesian statistics should be reconsidered.
文摘During the period from October 2014 to March 2015, a total number of 82 seismic tremors and 66 ice-quakes were identified in both three-component short-period seismographs (HES) and broadband seismographs (STS-1) at Syowa Station (SYO), Antarctica. Statistics of the number of these tremors indicated that many tremors were likely to occur when large increases in temperature and/or wind speed during the period. This implied that the rapid increase in temperature enhanced a melting speed of cryosphere environment with generating seismic energy;the tremors were also excited by stormy conditions, associated with interactive resonance between sea-ices and oceanic swells. The characteristic tremors of harmonic overtones with strong amplitudes were explained by repetitive sources, suggesting inter-glacial asperities such as the collision of icebergs and fast sea-ice, calving of glaciers/ice-streams at the coastal environment of Antarctica. These high amplitude tremors occurred independently from other majority types of events, characterized by non-linear, small amplitude and weak signals at the stormy condition and rapid increase in temperature.
文摘Image processing and image analysis are the main aspects for obtaining information from digital image owing to the fact that this techniques give the desired details in most of the applications generally and Non-Destructive testing specifically. This paper presents a proposed method for the automatic detection of weld defects in radiographic images. Firstly, the radiographic images were enhanced using adaptive histogram equalization and are filtered using mean and wiener filters. Secondly, the welding area is selected from the radiography image. Thirdly, the Cepstral features are extracted from the Higher-Order Spectra (Bispectrum and Trispectrum). Finally, neural networks are used for feature matching. The proposed method is tested using 100 radiographic images in the presence of noise and image blurring. Results show that in spite of time consumption, the proposed method yields best results for the automatic detection of weld defects in radiography images when the features were extracted from the Trispectrum of the image.
文摘As the world's authoritative organization on energy information, the International Energy Agency (IEA), which was founded in 1974, releases Key World Energy Statistics every year from 1997 (hereinafter referred to as the "Key Data"). The "Key Data" released in 2007 announced the 2005 statistics, and also provided the 1973 statistics for comparison. From the published data, we can clearly find the development path and trend of the world energy and power industry. Also, China's strong development momentum, high- speed growth of energy consumption and the enormous challenges in the sustainable energy supply are especially noticeable. This paper reviewed the "Key Data" to perceive China's Energy Development. The analysis and interpretation of these data are purely from the author's point of view.
文摘Integrated use of statistical process control (SPC) and engineering process control (EPC) has better performance than that by solely using SPC or EPC. But integrated scheme has resulted in the problem of “Window of Opportunity” and autocorrelation. In this paper, advanced T2 statistics model and neural networks scheme are combined to solve the above problems: use T2 statistics technique to solve the problem of autocorrelation;adopt neural networks technique to solve the problem of “Window of Opportunity” and identification of disturbance causes. At the same time, regarding the shortcoming of neural network technique that its algorithm has a low speed of convergence and it is usually plunged into local optimum easily. Genetic algorithm was proposed to train samples in this paper. Results of the simulation ex-periments show that this method can detect the process disturbance quickly and accurately as well as identify the dis-turbance type.
