Objective:To analyze the genotype and allele distribution characteristics of GPⅢa PLA2(rs5918),PEAR1(rs12041331),and PTGS1(rs10306114)genes related to the antiplatelet pharmacological effects of aspirin,providing ref...Objective:To analyze the genotype and allele distribution characteristics of GPⅢa PLA2(rs5918),PEAR1(rs12041331),and PTGS1(rs10306114)genes related to the antiplatelet pharmacological effects of aspirin,providing reference for individualized treatment of Chinese Han NSTEMI patients.Methods:A total of 107 Han patients with NSTEMI in Beijing Luhe Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2016 to December 2022 were selected as the research subjects.The genotypes of GPⅢa PLA2(rs5918),PEAR1(rs12041331)and PTGS1(rs10306114)were detected by fluorescence staining in situ hybridization.The frequency distribution and allele distribution of genotype were analyzed.The results were analyzed whether there were statistical differences in the distribution of related alleles between the Han NSTEMI population and some populations in the 1000 Genomes database.Results:In the Han NSTEMI population,the genotype frequencies of GPⅢa PLA2(rs5918)locus were TT 97.20%,TC 2.80%and CC 0%,the allele frequencies were T 98.60%and C 1.40%.The genotype frequencies of PEAR1(rs12041331)locus were GG 42.06%,GA 44.86%and AA 13.08%,the allele frequencies were G 64.49%and A 35.51%.The genotypes at the PTGS1(rs10306114)locus were all AA(100%),no AG or GG genotype was found.Conclusion:In the NSTEMI population of Han nationality,the mutation at GPⅢa PLA2(rs5918)site related to aspirin antiplatelet pharmacology is rare,and there is no mutation at PTGS1(rs10306114)site.Wild homozygotes are dominant in these two gene loci,while mutations in PEAR1(rs12041331)are more common.Some of the findings in this study are similar to those in previous reports or other populations included in the relevant database;however,some results differ from previous reports or other populations。展开更多
Although strand-biased gene distribution （SGD） was described some two decades ago, the underlying molecular mechanisms and their relationship remain elusive. Its facets include, but are not limited to, the degree of...Although strand-biased gene distribution （SGD） was described some two decades ago, the underlying molecular mechanisms and their relationship remain elusive. Its facets include, but are not limited to, the degree of biases, the strand-preference of genes, and the influence of background nucleotide composition variations. Using a dataset composed of 364 non-redundant bacterial genomes, we sought to illus- trate our current understanding of SGD. First, when we divided the collection of bacterial genomes into non-polC and polC groups according to their possession of DnaE isoforms that correlate closely with taxonomy, the SGD of the polC group stood out more sig- nificantly than that of the non-polC group. Second, when examining horizontal gene transfer, coupled with gene functional conservation （essentiality） and expressivity （level of expression）, we realized that they all contributed to SGD. Third, we further demonstrated a weaker G-dominance on the leading strand of the non-polC group but strong purine dominance （both G and A） on the leading strand of the polC group. We propose that strand-biased nucleotide composition plays a decisive role for SGD since the polC-bearing genomes are not only AT-rich but also have pronounced purine-rich leading strands, and we believe that a special mutation spectrum that leads to a strong purine asymmetry and a strong strand-biased nucleotide composition coupled with functional selections for genes and their functions are both at work.展开更多
216 avian pathogenic Escherichia coli （APEC） isolates were obtained from poultry with colibacillosis in different areas of China. Among them, 195 were serotyped as 078, 088, and 093. Thirteen virulence-associated ge...216 avian pathogenic Escherichia coli （APEC） isolates were obtained from poultry with colibacillosis in different areas of China. Among them, 195 were serotyped as 078, 088, and 093. Thirteen virulence-associated genes, including fimC, iucD, iss, tsh, fyuA, irp2, eaeA, hlyE, colV, papC, stx2f, vat, and astA, were submitted to PCR amplification. The fimC gene was the most prevalent with a detection rate of 93.6%, followed by iucD （70.8%）, iss （58.8%）, and tsh （51.4%） in APEC isolates. The detection rate of high pathogenicity islands （HPI）-associatedfyuA and irp2 genes were both 44.9%, with no LEE （the locus of enterocyte effacement） island-associated gene eaeA detected. In terms of distribution patterns of the 13 virulence-associated genes, 5 isolates harborbed 10 genes, 19 isolates contained onlyfimC gene, and only 4 isolates had no virulence-associated gene detected. Different correlations of the virulence-associated genes with O serotypes were also investigated and 50% 078 isolates had a gene distribution patterns of fimC^＋iucD^＋irp2^＋fyuA^＋iss^＋colV^＋tsh^＋.展开更多
Cytogenetic maps of four clusters of disease resistance genes were generated by ISH of the two RFLP markers tightly linked to and flanking each of maize resistance genes and the cloned resistance genes from other plan...Cytogenetic maps of four clusters of disease resistance genes were generated by ISH of the two RFLP markers tightly linked to and flanking each of maize resistance genes and the cloned resistance genes from other plant species onto maize chromosomes, combining with data published before. These genes include Helminthosporium turcium Pass resistance genes Ht1, Htn1 and Ht2, Helminthosporium maydis Nisik resistance genes Rhm1 and Rhm2, maize dwarf mosaic virus resistance gene Mdm1, wheat streak mosaic virus resistance gene Wsm1, Helminthosporium carbonum ULLstrup resistance gene Hml and the cloned Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae resistance gene Xa21 of rice, Cladosporium fulvum resistance genes Cf-9 and Cf-2.1 of tomato,and Pseudomonas syringae resistance gene RPS2 of Arabidopsis. Most of the tested disease resistance genes located on the four chromosomes, i.e., chromosomes1, 3, 6 and 8, and they closely distributed at the interstitial regions of these chromosomal long arms with percentage distances ranging 31.44(±3.72)-72.40(±3.25) except for genes Rhm1, Rhm2, Mdm1 and Wsm1 which mapped on the satellites of the short arms of chromosome6. It showed that the tested RFLP markers and genes were duplicated or triplicated in maize genome. Homology and conservation of disease resistance genes among species, and relationship between distribution features and functions of the genes were discussed. The results provide important scientific basis for deeply understanding structure and function of disease resistance genes and breeding in maize.展开更多
The shear stress distribution in circular channels was modeled in this study using gene expression programming(GEP). 173 sets of reliable data were collected under four flow conditions for use in the training and test...The shear stress distribution in circular channels was modeled in this study using gene expression programming(GEP). 173 sets of reliable data were collected under four flow conditions for use in the training and testing stages. The effect of input variables on GEP modeling was studied and 15 different GEP models with individual, binary, ternary, and quaternary input combinations were investigated. The sensitivity analysis results demonstrate that dimensionless parameter y/P, where y is the transverse coordinate, and P is the wetted perimeter, is the most influential parameter with regard to the shear stress distribution in circular channels. GEP model 10, with the parameter y/P and Reynolds number(Re) as inputs, outperformed the other GEP models, with a coefficient of determination of 0.7814 for the testing data set. An equation was derived from the best GEP model and its results were compared with an artificial neural network(ANN) model and an equation based on the Shannon entropy proposed by other researchers. The GEP model, with an average RMSE of 0.0301, exhibits superior performance over the Shannon entropy-based equation, with an average RMSE of 0.1049, and the ANN model, with an average RMSE of 0.2815 for all flow depths.展开更多
Folk song as a representative of traditional Chinese folk culture is the expression of landscape culture in a certain regional space.According to landscape gene theory,gene structure of folk song cultural landscape wa...Folk song as a representative of traditional Chinese folk culture is the expression of landscape culture in a certain regional space.According to landscape gene theory,gene structure of folk song cultural landscape was recognized from two dimensions:subject form and cultural environment,and quantitative data were combined to analyze spatial distribution features of folk song cultural landscape genes.According to the analysis,in terms of style,work song is mainly distributed on plains,mountain song is distributed in mountainous areas,and ditty in the eastern watershed of the Yangtze River,in terms of theme,work and production folk songs are mainly distributed in eastern regions with intensive farming,while love and marriage folk songs in regions far away from the Central Plain Culture.Folk song cultural landscape is a result of the interaction between man and geographical conditions,residents in different geographical environments have different perception spaces to create folk songs with regional cultural symbols.展开更多
Plant autosomal genetic problems were studied and the probability distribution of overall genotype in plant single -gene genetic and pairs gene genetic after transmitted from generation to generation was obtained, as ...Plant autosomal genetic problems were studied and the probability distribution of overall genotype in plant single -gene genetic and pairs gene genetic after transmitted from generation to generation was obtained, as well as limits distribution.展开更多
Emerging pollutants,such as antibiotics and antibiotic-resistance genes,are becoming increasingly important sources of safety and health concerns.Drinking water safety,which is closely related to human health,should r...Emerging pollutants,such as antibiotics and antibiotic-resistance genes,are becoming increasingly important sources of safety and health concerns.Drinking water safety,which is closely related to human health,should receive more attention than natural water body safety.However,minimal research has been performed on the efficacy of existing treatment processes in water treatment plants for the removal of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes.To address this research gap,this study detected and analyzed six main antibiotics and nine antibiotic resistance genes in the treatment processes of two drinking water plants in Wuhan.Samples were collected over three months and then detected and analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and fluorescence quantitation.The total concentrations of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in the influent water of the two water plants were characterized as December>March>June.The precipitation and filtration processes of the Zou Maling Water Plant and Yu Shidun Water Plant successfully removed the antibiotics.The ozone-activated carbon process increased the removal rate of most antibiotics to 100%.However,a large amount of antibiotic resistance gene residues remained in the effluents of the two water plants.The experiments demonstrated that the existing ozone-activated carbon processes could not effectively remove antibiotic resistance genes.This study provides a reference for the optimization of drinking water treatment processes for antibiotics and antibiotic resistance gene removal.展开更多
In this paper, an analysis on Nilsson-Ehle’s hybridization experiment in wheat was done by means of self-fertilization method along with the pericarp inheritance. It showed that because seeds of wheat were coated wit...In this paper, an analysis on Nilsson-Ehle’s hybridization experiment in wheat was done by means of self-fertilization method along with the pericarp inheritance. It showed that because seeds of wheat were coated with 2n tissues of mother’s body, the grain colors were determined by mother’s genotype. The color of the F1 grains in this experiment was old red. The phenotypes of the F2 grains were uniformly medium red and did not segregate. Grains in the F3 generation segregated in the ratio 6 red (varying intensities of red) to 1 white with a definite probability respectively. This is the consequence of additive effect of 3 gene pairs and belongs to discrete distribution rather than continuous distribution. Therefore, the multiple-gene hypothesis based on this experiment cannot solve the continuous variations in inheritance of quantitative characters.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:"">Objective: </span></b><span style="font-family:"">To understand the distribution of thalassemia in all districts under the jur...<b><span style="font-family:"">Objective: </span></b><span style="font-family:"">To understand the distribution of thalassemia in all districts under the jurisdiction of Chongzuo City. <b>Methods:</b> Collect blood routine indicators from May 2014 to 31 December 2020 in the districts of this city to screen out suspected Mediterranean patients for genetic diagnosis;GGAP-PCR and PCR-reverse dot hybridization were used to analyze the thalassemia gene in the specimens of suspected patients;compare the prevalence of thalassemia in the counties and cities within the jurisdiction of this city, and provide corresponding medical advice to the health authorities. <b>Results: </b>21,535 venous blood specimens from patients with suspected thalassemia were collected in the city. There were 14,215 positive cases of thalassemia, accounting for 66.01% of the total number of patients, among which 9455 cases (43.91%) were pure <i>α</i> gene positive. 3464 patients (16.09%) were positive for simple <i>β</i> gene. 1296 patients (6.02%) were positive for <i>αβ</i> double gene. The proportions of thalassemia gene testing for <i>α</i>-thalassaemia gene, <i>β</i>-thalassaemia gene, and <i>α</i>-<i>β</i> double gene in various counties and districts were different. According to the multiple rate or the chi-square test of the constituent ratio, the comparison of the distribution of the thalassaemia gene test results in each area, <i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> = 472.6917, P = 0.0000, the difference is statistically significant. <b>Conclusion:</b> Severe thalassemia is a tragedy for a family. It not only needs to spend a lot of money to prolong life, but it also cannot change the situation of losing life and financial emptiness in the end. It is suggested that timely screening, timely diagnosis and medical consultation should be carried out in <a name="OLE_LINK13"></a>married and unborn families and early pregnancy, so as to reduce the birth of children with severe thalassemia and avoid the occurrence of tragedies.展开更多
基金Capital Clinical Characteristic Application Research Project(No.Z181100001718144)Beijing Tongzhou District Science and Technology Plan Project(No.KJ2017CX036-06)In-hospital Project of Shanghai Jinshan District Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital(No.2022-1)。
文摘Objective:To analyze the genotype and allele distribution characteristics of GPⅢa PLA2(rs5918),PEAR1(rs12041331),and PTGS1(rs10306114)genes related to the antiplatelet pharmacological effects of aspirin,providing reference for individualized treatment of Chinese Han NSTEMI patients.Methods:A total of 107 Han patients with NSTEMI in Beijing Luhe Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2016 to December 2022 were selected as the research subjects.The genotypes of GPⅢa PLA2(rs5918),PEAR1(rs12041331)and PTGS1(rs10306114)were detected by fluorescence staining in situ hybridization.The frequency distribution and allele distribution of genotype were analyzed.The results were analyzed whether there were statistical differences in the distribution of related alleles between the Han NSTEMI population and some populations in the 1000 Genomes database.Results:In the Han NSTEMI population,the genotype frequencies of GPⅢa PLA2(rs5918)locus were TT 97.20%,TC 2.80%and CC 0%,the allele frequencies were T 98.60%and C 1.40%.The genotype frequencies of PEAR1(rs12041331)locus were GG 42.06%,GA 44.86%and AA 13.08%,the allele frequencies were G 64.49%and A 35.51%.The genotypes at the PTGS1(rs10306114)locus were all AA(100%),no AG or GG genotype was found.Conclusion:In the NSTEMI population of Han nationality,the mutation at GPⅢa PLA2(rs5918)site related to aspirin antiplatelet pharmacology is rare,and there is no mutation at PTGS1(rs10306114)site.Wild homozygotes are dominant in these two gene loci,while mutations in PEAR1(rs12041331)are more common.Some of the findings in this study are similar to those in previous reports or other populations included in the relevant database;however,some results differ from previous reports or other populations。
基金supported by grants from Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.KSCX2-EW-R-01-04)Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.90919024 and 30900831)+2 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of China as the National Science and Technology Key Project (Grant No.2008ZX10004-013)the Special Foundation Work Program(Grant No.2009FY120100)the National Basic Research Program(Grant No. 2011CB944100)
文摘Although strand-biased gene distribution （SGD） was described some two decades ago, the underlying molecular mechanisms and their relationship remain elusive. Its facets include, but are not limited to, the degree of biases, the strand-preference of genes, and the influence of background nucleotide composition variations. Using a dataset composed of 364 non-redundant bacterial genomes, we sought to illus- trate our current understanding of SGD. First, when we divided the collection of bacterial genomes into non-polC and polC groups according to their possession of DnaE isoforms that correlate closely with taxonomy, the SGD of the polC group stood out more sig- nificantly than that of the non-polC group. Second, when examining horizontal gene transfer, coupled with gene functional conservation （essentiality） and expressivity （level of expression）, we realized that they all contributed to SGD. Third, we further demonstrated a weaker G-dominance on the leading strand of the non-polC group but strong purine dominance （both G and A） on the leading strand of the polC group. We propose that strand-biased nucleotide composition plays a decisive role for SGD since the polC-bearing genomes are not only AT-rich but also have pronounced purine-rich leading strands, and we believe that a special mutation spectrum that leads to a strong purine asymmetry and a strong strand-biased nucleotide composition coupled with functional selections for genes and their functions are both at work.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30800822)Jiangsu Prov-ince Natural Science Foundation (BK2006070)Jiangsu Education Department (VK0410190)
文摘216 avian pathogenic Escherichia coli （APEC） isolates were obtained from poultry with colibacillosis in different areas of China. Among them, 195 were serotyped as 078, 088, and 093. Thirteen virulence-associated genes, including fimC, iucD, iss, tsh, fyuA, irp2, eaeA, hlyE, colV, papC, stx2f, vat, and astA, were submitted to PCR amplification. The fimC gene was the most prevalent with a detection rate of 93.6%, followed by iucD （70.8%）, iss （58.8%）, and tsh （51.4%） in APEC isolates. The detection rate of high pathogenicity islands （HPI）-associatedfyuA and irp2 genes were both 44.9%, with no LEE （the locus of enterocyte effacement） island-associated gene eaeA detected. In terms of distribution patterns of the 13 virulence-associated genes, 5 isolates harborbed 10 genes, 19 isolates contained onlyfimC gene, and only 4 isolates had no virulence-associated gene detected. Different correlations of the virulence-associated genes with O serotypes were also investigated and 50% 078 isolates had a gene distribution patterns of fimC^＋iucD^＋irp2^＋fyuA^＋iss^＋colV^＋tsh^＋.
文摘Cytogenetic maps of four clusters of disease resistance genes were generated by ISH of the two RFLP markers tightly linked to and flanking each of maize resistance genes and the cloned resistance genes from other plant species onto maize chromosomes, combining with data published before. These genes include Helminthosporium turcium Pass resistance genes Ht1, Htn1 and Ht2, Helminthosporium maydis Nisik resistance genes Rhm1 and Rhm2, maize dwarf mosaic virus resistance gene Mdm1, wheat streak mosaic virus resistance gene Wsm1, Helminthosporium carbonum ULLstrup resistance gene Hml and the cloned Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae resistance gene Xa21 of rice, Cladosporium fulvum resistance genes Cf-9 and Cf-2.1 of tomato,and Pseudomonas syringae resistance gene RPS2 of Arabidopsis. Most of the tested disease resistance genes located on the four chromosomes, i.e., chromosomes1, 3, 6 and 8, and they closely distributed at the interstitial regions of these chromosomal long arms with percentage distances ranging 31.44(±3.72)-72.40(±3.25) except for genes Rhm1, Rhm2, Mdm1 and Wsm1 which mapped on the satellites of the short arms of chromosome6. It showed that the tested RFLP markers and genes were duplicated or triplicated in maize genome. Homology and conservation of disease resistance genes among species, and relationship between distribution features and functions of the genes were discussed. The results provide important scientific basis for deeply understanding structure and function of disease resistance genes and breeding in maize.
文摘The shear stress distribution in circular channels was modeled in this study using gene expression programming(GEP). 173 sets of reliable data were collected under four flow conditions for use in the training and testing stages. The effect of input variables on GEP modeling was studied and 15 different GEP models with individual, binary, ternary, and quaternary input combinations were investigated. The sensitivity analysis results demonstrate that dimensionless parameter y/P, where y is the transverse coordinate, and P is the wetted perimeter, is the most influential parameter with regard to the shear stress distribution in circular channels. GEP model 10, with the parameter y/P and Reynolds number(Re) as inputs, outperformed the other GEP models, with a coefficient of determination of 0.7814 for the testing data set. An equation was derived from the best GEP model and its results were compared with an artificial neural network(ANN) model and an equation based on the Shannon entropy proposed by other researchers. The GEP model, with an average RMSE of 0.0301, exhibits superior performance over the Shannon entropy-based equation, with an average RMSE of 0.1049, and the ANN model, with an average RMSE of 0.2815 for all flow depths.
基金Sponsored by Anhui Provincial Tounsm Administration(SLYJKT201509/SLYJKT201504)Youth Fund for Humanistic and Social Sciences Programs of the Ministry of Education(15YJC790018)
文摘Folk song as a representative of traditional Chinese folk culture is the expression of landscape culture in a certain regional space.According to landscape gene theory,gene structure of folk song cultural landscape was recognized from two dimensions:subject form and cultural environment,and quantitative data were combined to analyze spatial distribution features of folk song cultural landscape genes.According to the analysis,in terms of style,work song is mainly distributed on plains,mountain song is distributed in mountainous areas,and ditty in the eastern watershed of the Yangtze River,in terms of theme,work and production folk songs are mainly distributed in eastern regions with intensive farming,while love and marriage folk songs in regions far away from the Central Plain Culture.Folk song cultural landscape is a result of the interaction between man and geographical conditions,residents in different geographical environments have different perception spaces to create folk songs with regional cultural symbols.
文摘Plant autosomal genetic problems were studied and the probability distribution of overall genotype in plant single -gene genetic and pairs gene genetic after transmitted from generation to generation was obtained, as well as limits distribution.
基金supported by the Wuhan Science and Technology Planning Project(No.2018060401011313).
文摘Emerging pollutants,such as antibiotics and antibiotic-resistance genes,are becoming increasingly important sources of safety and health concerns.Drinking water safety,which is closely related to human health,should receive more attention than natural water body safety.However,minimal research has been performed on the efficacy of existing treatment processes in water treatment plants for the removal of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes.To address this research gap,this study detected and analyzed six main antibiotics and nine antibiotic resistance genes in the treatment processes of two drinking water plants in Wuhan.Samples were collected over three months and then detected and analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and fluorescence quantitation.The total concentrations of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in the influent water of the two water plants were characterized as December>March>June.The precipitation and filtration processes of the Zou Maling Water Plant and Yu Shidun Water Plant successfully removed the antibiotics.The ozone-activated carbon process increased the removal rate of most antibiotics to 100%.However,a large amount of antibiotic resistance gene residues remained in the effluents of the two water plants.The experiments demonstrated that the existing ozone-activated carbon processes could not effectively remove antibiotic resistance genes.This study provides a reference for the optimization of drinking water treatment processes for antibiotics and antibiotic resistance gene removal.
文摘In this paper, an analysis on Nilsson-Ehle’s hybridization experiment in wheat was done by means of self-fertilization method along with the pericarp inheritance. It showed that because seeds of wheat were coated with 2n tissues of mother’s body, the grain colors were determined by mother’s genotype. The color of the F1 grains in this experiment was old red. The phenotypes of the F2 grains were uniformly medium red and did not segregate. Grains in the F3 generation segregated in the ratio 6 red (varying intensities of red) to 1 white with a definite probability respectively. This is the consequence of additive effect of 3 gene pairs and belongs to discrete distribution rather than continuous distribution. Therefore, the multiple-gene hypothesis based on this experiment cannot solve the continuous variations in inheritance of quantitative characters.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:"">Objective: </span></b><span style="font-family:"">To understand the distribution of thalassemia in all districts under the jurisdiction of Chongzuo City. <b>Methods:</b> Collect blood routine indicators from May 2014 to 31 December 2020 in the districts of this city to screen out suspected Mediterranean patients for genetic diagnosis;GGAP-PCR and PCR-reverse dot hybridization were used to analyze the thalassemia gene in the specimens of suspected patients;compare the prevalence of thalassemia in the counties and cities within the jurisdiction of this city, and provide corresponding medical advice to the health authorities. <b>Results: </b>21,535 venous blood specimens from patients with suspected thalassemia were collected in the city. There were 14,215 positive cases of thalassemia, accounting for 66.01% of the total number of patients, among which 9455 cases (43.91%) were pure <i>α</i> gene positive. 3464 patients (16.09%) were positive for simple <i>β</i> gene. 1296 patients (6.02%) were positive for <i>αβ</i> double gene. The proportions of thalassemia gene testing for <i>α</i>-thalassaemia gene, <i>β</i>-thalassaemia gene, and <i>α</i>-<i>β</i> double gene in various counties and districts were different. According to the multiple rate or the chi-square test of the constituent ratio, the comparison of the distribution of the thalassaemia gene test results in each area, <i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> = 472.6917, P = 0.0000, the difference is statistically significant. <b>Conclusion:</b> Severe thalassemia is a tragedy for a family. It not only needs to spend a lot of money to prolong life, but it also cannot change the situation of losing life and financial emptiness in the end. It is suggested that timely screening, timely diagnosis and medical consultation should be carried out in <a name="OLE_LINK13"></a>married and unborn families and early pregnancy, so as to reduce the birth of children with severe thalassemia and avoid the occurrence of tragedies.
