Objective Sub-health status has progressively gained more attention from both medical professionals and the publics. Treating the number of sub-health symptoms as count data rather than dichotomous data helps to compl...Objective Sub-health status has progressively gained more attention from both medical professionals and the publics. Treating the number of sub-health symptoms as count data rather than dichotomous data helps to completely and accurately analyze findings in sub-healthy population. This study aims to compare the goodness of fit for count outcome models to identify the optimum model for sub-health study.Methods The sample of the study derived from a large-scale population survey on physiological and psychological constants from 2007 to 2011 in 4 provinces and 2 autonomous regions in China. We constructed four count outcome models using SAS: Poisson model, negative binomial (NB) model, zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) model and zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) model. The number of sub-health symptoms was used as the main outcome measure. The alpha dispersion parameter and O test were used to identify over-dispersed data, and Vuong test was used to evaluate the excessive zero count. The goodness of fit of regression models were determined by predictive probability curves and statistics of likelihood ratio test.Results Of all 78 307 respondents, 38.53% reported no sub-health symptoms. The mean number of sub-health symptoms was 2.98, and the standard deviation was 3.72. The statistic O in over-dispersion test was 720.995 (P<0.001); the estimated alpha was 0.618 (95% CI: 0.600-0.636) comparing ZINB model and ZIP model; Vuong test statistic Z was 45.487. These results indicated over-dispersion of the data and excessive zero counts in this sub-health study. ZINB model had the largest log likelihood (-167 519), the smallest Akaike’s Information Criterion coefficient (335 112) and the smallest Bayesian information criterion coefficient (335455),indicating its best goodness of fit. The predictive probabilities for most counts in ZINB model fitted the observed counts best. The logit section of ZINB model analysis showed that age, sex, occupation, smoking, alcohol drinking, ethnicity and obesity were determinants for presence of sub-health symptoms; the binomial negative section of ZINB model analysis showed that sex, occupation, smoking, alcohol drinking, ethnicity, marital status and obesity had significant effect on the severity of sub-health.Conclusions All tests for goodness of fit and the predictive probability curve produced the same finding that ZINB model was the optimum model for exploring the influencing factors of sub-health symptoms.展开更多
This paper described and discussed the important literature and ideas about the concepts, types and measurement of body constitution, in terms of healthy,sub-healthy and disease status. In view of traditional Chinese ...This paper described and discussed the important literature and ideas about the concepts, types and measurement of body constitution, in terms of healthy,sub-healthy and disease status. In view of traditional Chinese medicine, ‘‘healthy" state is a status of relative balance of Yin and Yang to keep our bodily homeostasis. If there are significant physical and/or psychological stressors, such as loss of a beloved one and failure in study or work, the body can no longer keep its own bodily condition balanced and subsequently enter a state of ‘‘sub-health"(sub-optimal health).‘‘unhealthy" body constitution such as ‘‘Dampnessheat", ‘‘Cold-dampness" and ‘‘Heat- or Cold- dryness"with a subnormal body temperature and humidity and clinical manifestations such as insomnia, malaise and overweight will be presented. Immediate, appropriate strategies such as modification of life-style and seeking medical treatment can prevent evolution of an illness.Otherwise, the body will enter a disease status with a‘‘pathological" body constitution of ‘‘Yin or Yang deficiency'', ‘‘Blood-stasis" and/or ‘‘Phlegm-dampness". To be complimentary with health promotion and disease prevention in Western medicine, understanding about an individual's body constitution, together with itsdeterminants(e.g., healthy eating and lifestyle behaviors), can contribute to a more proactive, holistic and individualized healthcare.展开更多
Objective:To explore the structural and functional characteristics of microbiota in oropharynx of subhealthy children with gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome(GHRS)differentiated by traditional Chinese medicine,a...Objective:To explore the structural and functional characteristics of microbiota in oropharynx of subhealthy children with gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome(GHRS)differentiated by traditional Chinese medicine,and screen the biometric operational taxonomic units(OTUs)to assist the clinical diagnosis.Methods:We recruited children according to the“GHRS diagnostic scale”,collected their oropharyngeal swabs,and sequenced the 16 SrDNA V4 region.We described the bacterial structure with alpha-indexes,beta-distances,and relative abundances;moreover,we screened the differential genera/OTUs with Wilcoxon rank-sum test,Metagenome Seq analysis,and linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEf Se)analysis,in which biometric OTUs were selected to construct the receiver operating characteristic curve to verify the diagnostic value.The bacterial function was predicted with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways according to 16S rDNA gene by using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States.Results:The study population was composed of 10 children with GHRS and 10 healthy control children.GHRS children were more likely to overeat(gluttony,P=.033).Alpha-indexes,such as Sobs,abundancebased coverage estimator,Bootstrap,and Qstat,were significantly higher in the GHRS group,while betadistances did not exhibit any significant intergroup differences.There were 9 differently distributed nonpredominant genera between the groups in Wilcoxon rank-sum test,as well as 13 non-predominant genera in Metagenome Seq analysis and 3 non-predominant OTUs in LEfSe analysis.OTU44 and OTU196 were used to construct the receiver operating characteristic curve,and the area under curve was 0.92.Predicted functions showed that pathways related to oxidative phosphorylation and carbon metabolism were enriched in healthy control samples,while the pathway related to renin secretion was remarkably enriched in GHRS samples.Conclusion:Unique oropharyngeal microbial structure and function were identified in GHRS children.OTU44 and OTU196 were specific OTUs,which could be used as biomarkers of GHRS to assist clinical diagnosis.展开更多
[Objectives]This study aimed to observe the clinical efficacy of sedative cataplasm in the treatment of insomnia patients with sub-health.[Methods]A total of 90 insomnia patients with sub-health were randomly and even...[Objectives]This study aimed to observe the clinical efficacy of sedative cataplasm in the treatment of insomnia patients with sub-health.[Methods]A total of 90 insomnia patients with sub-health were randomly and evenly divided into treatment group and control group.The patients in the control group were given Bozi Yangxin pills orally,and those in the treatment group were treated with sedative cataplasm on Shenjue acupoint.The treatment duration was 4 weeks.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)was used to evaluate clinical efficacy.[Results]The overall efficacy of the treatment group and control group was 91.1%and 77.1%,respectively,and the difference between the two was significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the PSQI scores of each group changed significantly(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Sedative cataplasm has a good clinical efficacy on sub-healthy insomnia patients.展开更多
With further development of the bio-psycho-social medical model, people began to re-examine the knowledge of disease and health. The concept of sub-health has also been proposed in western medicine. Because of the lac...With further development of the bio-psycho-social medical model, people began to re-examine the knowledge of disease and health. The concept of sub-health has also been proposed in western medicine. Because of the lack of a specific standard, it is difficult to make clinical diagnosis and treatments for sub-health. Chinese medicine constitution theory has been widely accepted in China, and has a set of executable standards. This paper puts forward a new research method that connects the sub-health in western medicine and Chinese medicine constitution theory together. The potential relationships and influences between Chinese medicine constitution theory and sub-health were analyzed and key content and research progress were discussed. The research method in this paper will provide new ideas for sub-health research.展开更多
according to statistics, 70 percent of Chinese people are in sub-health, so the health care for them should be payed more attention. In recent years, researches on sub-health people has increased and the classifi cati...according to statistics, 70 percent of Chinese people are in sub-health, so the health care for them should be payed more attention. In recent years, researches on sub-health people has increased and the classifi cation, diagnose for sub-health people’s current situation has entered an area of researching. Among them, the research of sub-health people’s infl uence on society stands out, because the occupational group is tightly related to the promotion of social economic development and stability. Hygienic gymnastics will help to improve sub-health situation and it still need to conduct relatively composing and completing. In this paper, questionnaire method and literature method are used to carry out investigation and analysis on sub-health people and therefore, the hygienic gymnastics for sub-health improving is composed and summarized.展开更多
Sub-health state is a kind of low-quality state between health and disease, and will lead to disease if not intervened in time. As one of the external treatment options in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), massage t...Sub-health state is a kind of low-quality state between health and disease, and will lead to disease if not intervened in time. As one of the external treatment options in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), massage therapy has achieved an ideal curative effect in the treatment of the sub-health state. This paper summarizes the articles on massage treatment for the treatment of patients in the sub-health state from the past decade. It mainly includes the current understanding of sub-health, treatment ideas and specific methods, as well as clinical classification of treatment modalities. From the perspective of treatment ideas and specific methods, most massage therapies are performed under the guidance of the holistic concept of TCM, and the concept of treatment based on syndrome differentiation (four diagnostic methods of TCM: inspection, auscultation, inquiry, and palpation). In this treatment, not only are the therapeutic functions of meridians and acupoints emphasized, but the selection of the therapeutic time is also performed according to the "Ziwuliuzhu" and the "Lingguibafa"(the acupuncture method based on time in ancient China). According to the different clinical symptoms of sub-health, it can be divided into three types: physical sub-health, psychological sub-health, and social adaptive sub-health. Massage therapy eliminates pain, relieves physical fatigue, and has a good therapeutic effect on physical sub-health. It can alleviate anxiety and depression, promote psychosomatic pleasure of patients, and has a satisfactory regulatory effect on the psychological sub-health symptoms. However, basic research on using modern medical theories and the means to explain its mechanism of action is relatively weak. Therefore, only constantly improving the quality of clinical observation and strengthening basic research can provide more and better evidence for the clinical application of massage therapy in treating the symptoms of the sub-health status.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbs in the treatment of sub-health systematical y. Methods: Nine databases were systematicaly and extensively searched to col ect randomized control ed ...Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbs in the treatment of sub-health systematical y. Methods: Nine databases were systematicaly and extensively searched to col ect randomized control ed trials(RCTs) about Chinese herbs in the treatment of sub-health. The outcomes included overal effective rate, main symptoms, quality of life, etc. Literature screening, data extraction and quality assessment were conducted according to Cochrane Handbook 5.1. Meta-analysis was conducted to the included literature with Review Manager Software.Results: Seventy-two studies involving 9,296 patients with sub-health were included with 4,908 patients in experimental groups and 4,387 patients in control groups. The overal quality of included clinical research was not high. In the aspect of improving overall effective rate, relieving main symptoms, Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) score, Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS) score, Fatigue Scale-14(FS-14), Cornel Medical Index(CMI) score and discontinuation rate, the effects of experimental groups were better than that of control groups. According to available research reports, adverse reactions in Chinese herb groups were mainly mild gastrointestinal symptoms, which did not affect the treatment.Conclusion: Chinese herbs have a curative effect in the treatment of sub-health. However, there are no clear criteria for diagnosis and curative effectiveness judgment global y, which would affect the accuracy of curative effect evaluation.展开更多
基金supported by the Basic Performance Key Project,the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(No.2006FY110300)
文摘Objective Sub-health status has progressively gained more attention from both medical professionals and the publics. Treating the number of sub-health symptoms as count data rather than dichotomous data helps to completely and accurately analyze findings in sub-healthy population. This study aims to compare the goodness of fit for count outcome models to identify the optimum model for sub-health study.Methods The sample of the study derived from a large-scale population survey on physiological and psychological constants from 2007 to 2011 in 4 provinces and 2 autonomous regions in China. We constructed four count outcome models using SAS: Poisson model, negative binomial (NB) model, zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) model and zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) model. The number of sub-health symptoms was used as the main outcome measure. The alpha dispersion parameter and O test were used to identify over-dispersed data, and Vuong test was used to evaluate the excessive zero count. The goodness of fit of regression models were determined by predictive probability curves and statistics of likelihood ratio test.Results Of all 78 307 respondents, 38.53% reported no sub-health symptoms. The mean number of sub-health symptoms was 2.98, and the standard deviation was 3.72. The statistic O in over-dispersion test was 720.995 (P<0.001); the estimated alpha was 0.618 (95% CI: 0.600-0.636) comparing ZINB model and ZIP model; Vuong test statistic Z was 45.487. These results indicated over-dispersion of the data and excessive zero counts in this sub-health study. ZINB model had the largest log likelihood (-167 519), the smallest Akaike’s Information Criterion coefficient (335 112) and the smallest Bayesian information criterion coefficient (335455),indicating its best goodness of fit. The predictive probabilities for most counts in ZINB model fitted the observed counts best. The logit section of ZINB model analysis showed that age, sex, occupation, smoking, alcohol drinking, ethnicity and obesity were determinants for presence of sub-health symptoms; the binomial negative section of ZINB model analysis showed that sex, occupation, smoking, alcohol drinking, ethnicity, marital status and obesity had significant effect on the severity of sub-health.Conclusions All tests for goodness of fit and the predictive probability curve produced the same finding that ZINB model was the optimum model for exploring the influencing factors of sub-health symptoms.
文摘This paper described and discussed the important literature and ideas about the concepts, types and measurement of body constitution, in terms of healthy,sub-healthy and disease status. In view of traditional Chinese medicine, ‘‘healthy" state is a status of relative balance of Yin and Yang to keep our bodily homeostasis. If there are significant physical and/or psychological stressors, such as loss of a beloved one and failure in study or work, the body can no longer keep its own bodily condition balanced and subsequently enter a state of ‘‘sub-health"(sub-optimal health).‘‘unhealthy" body constitution such as ‘‘Dampnessheat", ‘‘Cold-dampness" and ‘‘Heat- or Cold- dryness"with a subnormal body temperature and humidity and clinical manifestations such as insomnia, malaise and overweight will be presented. Immediate, appropriate strategies such as modification of life-style and seeking medical treatment can prevent evolution of an illness.Otherwise, the body will enter a disease status with a‘‘pathological" body constitution of ‘‘Yin or Yang deficiency'', ‘‘Blood-stasis" and/or ‘‘Phlegm-dampness". To be complimentary with health promotion and disease prevention in Western medicine, understanding about an individual's body constitution, together with itsdeterminants(e.g., healthy eating and lifestyle behaviors), can contribute to a more proactive, holistic and individualized healthcare.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81373769)the Scientific Research and Postgraduate Training Co-construction Project of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(1000062520115)the Province Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(7172131)。
文摘Objective:To explore the structural and functional characteristics of microbiota in oropharynx of subhealthy children with gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome(GHRS)differentiated by traditional Chinese medicine,and screen the biometric operational taxonomic units(OTUs)to assist the clinical diagnosis.Methods:We recruited children according to the“GHRS diagnostic scale”,collected their oropharyngeal swabs,and sequenced the 16 SrDNA V4 region.We described the bacterial structure with alpha-indexes,beta-distances,and relative abundances;moreover,we screened the differential genera/OTUs with Wilcoxon rank-sum test,Metagenome Seq analysis,and linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEf Se)analysis,in which biometric OTUs were selected to construct the receiver operating characteristic curve to verify the diagnostic value.The bacterial function was predicted with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways according to 16S rDNA gene by using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States.Results:The study population was composed of 10 children with GHRS and 10 healthy control children.GHRS children were more likely to overeat(gluttony,P=.033).Alpha-indexes,such as Sobs,abundancebased coverage estimator,Bootstrap,and Qstat,were significantly higher in the GHRS group,while betadistances did not exhibit any significant intergroup differences.There were 9 differently distributed nonpredominant genera between the groups in Wilcoxon rank-sum test,as well as 13 non-predominant genera in Metagenome Seq analysis and 3 non-predominant OTUs in LEfSe analysis.OTU44 and OTU196 were used to construct the receiver operating characteristic curve,and the area under curve was 0.92.Predicted functions showed that pathways related to oxidative phosphorylation and carbon metabolism were enriched in healthy control samples,while the pathway related to renin secretion was remarkably enriched in GHRS samples.Conclusion:Unique oropharyngeal microbial structure and function were identified in GHRS children.OTU44 and OTU196 were specific OTUs,which could be used as biomarkers of GHRS to assist clinical diagnosis.
基金Science and Technology Research and Development Project of Shiyan City(16Y76).
文摘[Objectives]This study aimed to observe the clinical efficacy of sedative cataplasm in the treatment of insomnia patients with sub-health.[Methods]A total of 90 insomnia patients with sub-health were randomly and evenly divided into treatment group and control group.The patients in the control group were given Bozi Yangxin pills orally,and those in the treatment group were treated with sedative cataplasm on Shenjue acupoint.The treatment duration was 4 weeks.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)was used to evaluate clinical efficacy.[Results]The overall efficacy of the treatment group and control group was 91.1%and 77.1%,respectively,and the difference between the two was significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the PSQI scores of each group changed significantly(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Sedative cataplasm has a good clinical efficacy on sub-healthy insomnia patients.
文摘With further development of the bio-psycho-social medical model, people began to re-examine the knowledge of disease and health. The concept of sub-health has also been proposed in western medicine. Because of the lack of a specific standard, it is difficult to make clinical diagnosis and treatments for sub-health. Chinese medicine constitution theory has been widely accepted in China, and has a set of executable standards. This paper puts forward a new research method that connects the sub-health in western medicine and Chinese medicine constitution theory together. The potential relationships and influences between Chinese medicine constitution theory and sub-health were analyzed and key content and research progress were discussed. The research method in this paper will provide new ideas for sub-health research.
文摘according to statistics, 70 percent of Chinese people are in sub-health, so the health care for them should be payed more attention. In recent years, researches on sub-health people has increased and the classifi cation, diagnose for sub-health people’s current situation has entered an area of researching. Among them, the research of sub-health people’s infl uence on society stands out, because the occupational group is tightly related to the promotion of social economic development and stability. Hygienic gymnastics will help to improve sub-health situation and it still need to conduct relatively composing and completing. In this paper, questionnaire method and literature method are used to carry out investigation and analysis on sub-health people and therefore, the hygienic gymnastics for sub-health improving is composed and summarized.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(No.81460747)National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(No.81160457).
文摘Sub-health state is a kind of low-quality state between health and disease, and will lead to disease if not intervened in time. As one of the external treatment options in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), massage therapy has achieved an ideal curative effect in the treatment of the sub-health state. This paper summarizes the articles on massage treatment for the treatment of patients in the sub-health state from the past decade. It mainly includes the current understanding of sub-health, treatment ideas and specific methods, as well as clinical classification of treatment modalities. From the perspective of treatment ideas and specific methods, most massage therapies are performed under the guidance of the holistic concept of TCM, and the concept of treatment based on syndrome differentiation (four diagnostic methods of TCM: inspection, auscultation, inquiry, and palpation). In this treatment, not only are the therapeutic functions of meridians and acupoints emphasized, but the selection of the therapeutic time is also performed according to the "Ziwuliuzhu" and the "Lingguibafa"(the acupuncture method based on time in ancient China). According to the different clinical symptoms of sub-health, it can be divided into three types: physical sub-health, psychological sub-health, and social adaptive sub-health. Massage therapy eliminates pain, relieves physical fatigue, and has a good therapeutic effect on physical sub-health. It can alleviate anxiety and depression, promote psychosomatic pleasure of patients, and has a satisfactory regulatory effect on the psychological sub-health symptoms. However, basic research on using modern medical theories and the means to explain its mechanism of action is relatively weak. Therefore, only constantly improving the quality of clinical observation and strengthening basic research can provide more and better evidence for the clinical application of massage therapy in treating the symptoms of the sub-health status.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81403324 and 81574102)
文摘Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbs in the treatment of sub-health systematical y. Methods: Nine databases were systematicaly and extensively searched to col ect randomized control ed trials(RCTs) about Chinese herbs in the treatment of sub-health. The outcomes included overal effective rate, main symptoms, quality of life, etc. Literature screening, data extraction and quality assessment were conducted according to Cochrane Handbook 5.1. Meta-analysis was conducted to the included literature with Review Manager Software.Results: Seventy-two studies involving 9,296 patients with sub-health were included with 4,908 patients in experimental groups and 4,387 patients in control groups. The overal quality of included clinical research was not high. In the aspect of improving overall effective rate, relieving main symptoms, Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) score, Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS) score, Fatigue Scale-14(FS-14), Cornel Medical Index(CMI) score and discontinuation rate, the effects of experimental groups were better than that of control groups. According to available research reports, adverse reactions in Chinese herb groups were mainly mild gastrointestinal symptoms, which did not affect the treatment.Conclusion: Chinese herbs have a curative effect in the treatment of sub-health. However, there are no clear criteria for diagnosis and curative effectiveness judgment global y, which would affect the accuracy of curative effect evaluation.
