Objective:To explore the role of specialized group management in the quality control of perioperative nursing.Methods:45 surgical nurses from our hospital were selected as the research subjects.Traditional operating r...Objective:To explore the role of specialized group management in the quality control of perioperative nursing.Methods:45 surgical nurses from our hospital were selected as the research subjects.Traditional operating room management was adopted from July 2019 to June 2020,and specialized group management was adopted from July 2020 to June 2021.The surgeon’s satisfaction,surgical nurses’core professional competence,and surgical patients’satisfaction were obtained through surveys and the results were analyzed.Results:Surgeon satisfaction before the implementation of specialized group management was significantly lower than after its implementation(P<0.05).Besides,surgical nurses’core professional competency scores before the implementation of specialized group management were significantly lower than after its implementation(P<0.05).Lastly,surgical patients’satisfaction before the implementation of specialized group management was significantly lower than after its implementation(P<0.05).Conclusion:Specialized group management helps to improve the quality of perioperative care and should be applied in clinical practice.展开更多
Background: Descriptive statistics have been used to document the high prevalence of sleep disorders, fatigue, and pain in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Objectives: To describe day-to-day variation...Background: Descriptive statistics have been used to document the high prevalence of sleep disorders, fatigue, and pain in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Objectives: To describe day-to-day variations in sleep indicators, physical activity level, pain, and fatigue measured using objective and subjective indicators in lupus patients with sleep disorders. Methods: We selected three patients with sleep disorders, measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score (≥9), out of 20 participants followed up for 4 weeks. We compared the self-rated quality of life (QoL) measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) with that of objectively measured sleep indicators monitored using the Nemuri scan. The detailed data collection methods have been previously published. Results: The sleep status generated by the Nemuri scan revealed that Case A with a flare and Case B without a flare required frequent daytime rest. The PSQI sleep duration and sleep latency were generally in agreement with the monitored data, although the PSQI failed to capture the complexity of sleep disorders, particularly the fluctuations in the quality of sleep indicators. Patient C approximately 4 hours on weekdays and 10 hours on Saturday nights. All three cases had high fatigue levels, and their moderate-to-vigorous physical activity duration was less than one-half of duration that recommended by the World Health Association. Conclusion: Visual display for objective monitoring of sleep quality is an excellent tool for understanding patients who require frequent resting and irregular sleep indicators. Objective monitoring of sleep quality, along with self-rated pain and fatigue, promotes an understanding of how patients with SLE cope with severe symptoms.展开更多
Focusing on the two themes of"internal control"and"risk management",this paper makes an in-depth analysis of the current situation of risk management and internal control of Moutai Group.It analyze...Focusing on the two themes of"internal control"and"risk management",this paper makes an in-depth analysis of the current situation of risk management and internal control of Moutai Group.It analyzes the current situation of risk management and internal control of Moutai Group.It is found that the risk management of Moutai Group is not perfect,the information exchange is not smooth,and the internal control assessment is not perfect.Finally,it puts forward some corresponding countermeasures,including establishing an effective information communication mechanism,perfecting the risk assessment system,and strengthening the construction of the professional talent team.展开更多
The global burden of breast cancer continues to increase largely because of the aging and growth of the world population. More than 1.38 million women worldwide were estimated to be diagnosed with breast cancer in 200...The global burden of breast cancer continues to increase largely because of the aging and growth of the world population. More than 1.38 million women worldwide were estimated to be diagnosed with breast cancer in 2008, accounting for 23% of all diagnosed cancers in women. Given that the 5-year survival rate for breast cancer is now 90%, experiencing breast cancer is ultimately about quality of life. Women treated for breast cancer are facing a life-time risk of developing lymphedema, a chronic condition that occurs in up to 40% of this population and negatively affects breast cancer survivors' quality of life. This review offers an insightful understanding of the condition by providing clinically relevant and evidence based knowledge regarding lymphedema symptoms, diagnosis, risk reduction, and management with the intent to inform health care professionals so that they might be better equipped to care for patients.展开更多
Objective:The overarching objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of HIV symptom management guidelines in China in reducing the incidence and severity of symptoms and improving patients'quality of...Objective:The overarching objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of HIV symptom management guidelines in China in reducing the incidence and severity of symptoms and improving patients'quality of life.Methods:We conducted a controlled,pre-and post-implementation design in the HIV/AIDS inpatient unit in Shanghai.Patients recruited from November 2014 to February 2015 were in the intervention group and those from October 2013 to February 2014 were in the control group.There were 74 patients in each group.Participants in the intervention group received interventions based on the HIV symptom management guidelines.Overall symptom severity,depression,and quality of life were measured in two groups at baseline,week 4,and week 8.Results:Totally 126 patients completed the research,65 in the intervention group and 61 in the control group.The total symptom severity scores showed a statistically significant difference between groups across time(P<0.05).It showed that frequencies of fatigue(36.9%vs.44.3%),fever(6.2%vs.11.5%),loss in weight(9.2%vs.16.4%),mouth ulcers(12.3%vs.16.4%),headaches(9.2%vs.19.7%)and depression(F=1.09,P>0.05)in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group in week 8 without statistical significance.The multilevel growth mixture model indicated a greater increase in the total score of quality of life for the group treated according to the symptom management guidelines(P=0.04).Conclusion:The evidence-based HIV symptom management guidelines can improve a patient's quality of life and relieve negative symptoms.The guidelines can be applied in a similar context to other HIV/AIDS units or clinics.展开更多
With the development and widely used of the compute r technology, the CAD has been more and more used in the process of designing prod uct. The number of the engineering drawings will greatly increase because of the c...With the development and widely used of the compute r technology, the CAD has been more and more used in the process of designing prod uct. The number of the engineering drawings will greatly increase because of the continually appearance of the new products. As a result, it has become a badly needed to be solved problem for us that how to rapidly and efficiently search an d appropriately preserve and manage the drawings. In this paper, a method of bui lding the product drawing management system for extrusion aluminum-type materia ls is discussed. This system is designed for the profile graphic of the aluminou s section material management by using Group Technology (GT) principle. Accordin g to the GT, we developed a classifying-coding system and drawing management sy stem about the extrusion aluminum-type materials through analyzing a large numb er of extrusion aluminum-type materials section drawings. The coding system has realized the flexible coding and hidden coding of the extrusion aluminum-type materials and then enhanced the flexibility and the expansible of the system. By supplying the designer with the human-computer interaction interface the drawi ng management system has been able to resolve many difficult problems such as se arch and manage the existed drawings about the extrusion aluminum-type material s very well. At the same time, it also helps the developing work enhance the abi lity of inheriting by applying this kind of variant method. In a word, with the help of this system we can not only shorten the designing time greatly and reduc e the cost of the product but also research the designing drawings rapidly. In o rder to output the data information related to the part drawing, the system uses the data-exchange standard to which the drawing support-software adapted as d ata-exchange interface. The system is advantageous to building a standard of dr awing design and increasing the efficiency of searching drawing and enhancing th e information management, which have had a base for building the best management system in the future. In addition, the paper has a detailed analysis about the principle of flexible classification code and data structure.展开更多
The integration of international economy dominated wi th the financial market leads to fierce competition. This requires firms impleme nt modern corporate financial mechanism. From the view of the current situation of...The integration of international economy dominated wi th the financial market leads to fierce competition. This requires firms impleme nt modern corporate financial mechanism. From the view of the current situation of financial management in China, we demonstrates the differences in financial m anagement between Chinese enterprises and international companies by describing detailed case studies of typical large enterprises in China. To transform the enterprise management mechanism, the enterprise financial m echanism must be transformed accordingly. The basic ideas for its transformation and establishment include: 1. Changing the managerial ideology, that is, completing the ideological chan ge from the management of goods to the management of capital; 2. Establishing a scientific organizational mechanism for financial managemen t; 3. Establishing a mechanism for scientific management, supervision and assess ment; 4. Training high-level financial management personnel with modern management knowledge; 5. Dividing promotion center, distribution center, cost center and profit cen ter in financial division. In view of the above basic ideas and basic principles for the transformation and establishment of enterprise financial mechanism, we found that: the basic conte nt that needs transformation in the theory of China’s traditional enterprise fin ancial mechanism should include the content of finance main body, the content of financial objectives, the content of financial organizational structure and the content of environment for financial management. At the same time the following theories should be introduced, particularly the theories of capital time value, of risk in finance management and risk management, of the capital cost and capi tal structure, so as to establish a basic theoretical framework for the modern e nterprise financial mechanism. Based on the analyses, this paper discusses the impacts of economic globaliz ation to Chinese large enterprises and their financial management systems. From the current situation of Chinese companies’ financial management, this paper dem onstrates the adaptations to the differences in financial management of Chin ese enterprises with case study.展开更多
The defects from electron transport layer,perovskite layer and their interface would result in carrier nonradiative recombination losses.Poor buried interfacial contact is detrimental to charge extraction and device s...The defects from electron transport layer,perovskite layer and their interface would result in carrier nonradiative recombination losses.Poor buried interfacial contact is detrimental to charge extraction and device stability.Here,we report a bottom-up holistic carrier management strategy induced synergistically by multiple chemical bonds to minimize bulk and interfacial energy losses for high-performance perovskite photovoltaics.4-trifluoromethyl-benzamidine hydrochloride(TBHCl)containing–CF_(3),amidine cation and Cl^(-)is in advance incorporated into SnO_(2)colloid solution to realize bottom-up modification.The synergistic effect of multiple functional groups and multiple-bond-induced chemical interaction are revealed theoretically and experimentally.F and Cl^(-)can passivate oxygen vacancy and/or undercoordinated Sn^(4+)defects by coordinating with Sn^(4+).The F can suppress cation migration and modulate crystallization via hydrogen bond with FA^(+),and can passivate lead defects by coordinating with Pb^(2+).The–NH_(2)–C=NH^(+)_(2)and Cl^(-)can passivate cation and anion vacancy defects through ionic bonds with perovskites,respectively.Through TBHCl modification,the suppression of agglomeration of SnO_(2)nanoparticles,bulk and interfacial defect passivation,and release of tensile strains of perovskite films are demonstrated,which resulted in a PCE enhancement from 21.28%to 23.40%and improved stability.With post-treatment,the efficiency is further improved to 23.63%.展开更多
The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and severity of erectile dysfunction (ED) and hypogonadism in 193 men presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) in the younger (20 - 39 years old) and old...The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and severity of erectile dysfunction (ED) and hypogonadism in 193 men presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) in the younger (20 - 39 years old) and older (40 - 60 years old) age groups depending on the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Triglycerides, glucose and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum total testosterone (TT), sex hormone-binding globulin, prostate-specific antigen, pituitary hormones levels were measured in serum. Standardized criteria (2009) were used to determine the prevalence of MetS. Patients were assessed based on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and the IPSS-Quality of Life (IPSS-QoL) for LUTSs and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) for ED. Hypogonadism was determined in accordance with the ISA, ISSAM, EAU, EAA and ASA recommendations. In men with MetS in the younger age group the incidence of ED was 2.4 times higher, and that of low TT level and hypogonadism was 8.4 times higher compared to men without the syndrome. In the older age group, an increased incidence of ED and low TT level in men with MetS compared to men without the syndrome was on the trend level, but the incidence of hypogonadism was for sure higher (by 1.6 times). In conclusion, the study showed that ED and hypogonadism are associated with MetS by a high degree of certainty in young men with LUTSs. In men of the older age group with LUTSs, the presence of MetS is not so clearly associated with ED and hypogonadism due to the fact that the incidence of these urogenital diseases is also high in men without MetS.展开更多
The key exposure problem is a practical threat for many security applications. In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), keys could be compromised easily due to its limited hardware protections. A secure group key managemen...The key exposure problem is a practical threat for many security applications. In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), keys could be compromised easily due to its limited hardware protections. A secure group key management scheme is responsible for secure distributing group keys among valid nodes of the group. Based on the key-insulated encryption (KIE), we propose a group key management scheme (KIE-GKMS), which integrates the pair-wise key pre-distribution for WSN. The KIE-GKMS scheme updates group keys dynamically when adding or removing nodes. Moreover, the security analysis proves that the KIE-GKMS scheme not only obtains the semantic security, but also provides the forward and backward security. Finally, the theoretical analysis shows that the KIE-GKMS scheme has constant performance on both communication and storage costs in sensor nodes.展开更多
The major advantages of EBS-based key management scheme are its enhanced network survivability, high dynamic performance, and better support for network expansion. But it suffers from the collusion problem, which mean...The major advantages of EBS-based key management scheme are its enhanced network survivability, high dynamic performance, and better support for network expansion. But it suffers from the collusion problem, which means it is prone to the cooperative attack of evicted members. A novel EBS-based collusion resistant group management scheme utilizing the construction of Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) is proposed. The new scheme satisfies the desired security properties, such as forward secrecy, backward secrecy and collusion secrecy. Compared with existing EBS-based key management scheme, the new scheme can resolve EBS collusion problem completely. Even all evicted members work together, and share their individual piece of information, they could not access to the new group key. In addition, our scheme is more efficient in terms of communication and computation overhead when the group size is large. It can be well controlled even in the case of large-scale application scenarios.展开更多
Considering the special requirements of group enter- prise information management software, a new method of massive software development was put forward basing on the component technology and facing the "assembla...Considering the special requirements of group enter- prise information management software, a new method of massive software development was put forward basing on the component technology and facing the "assemblage". It generalizes five key parts of the method system including the overall strategy, the ap- plication project method basing on the operation "assemblage", the field project method basing on component, the development method facing the component on the basis of the visible compo- nent platform, and the software development process model basing on the component "assemblage". Besides, this paper describes the process and principle of this method application with an example of the construction of a Communications Investment Group enter- prise’s management information system. The method provides a new idea for breaking away from the predicament appeared in the construction of present enterprise informatization and exploring the way of software industrialization.展开更多
The survival rate of cancer patients is rising,but the treatment of cancer will bring a series of physiological and psychological symptoms to patients,which will seriously affect the quality of life of patients.As a c...The survival rate of cancer patients is rising,but the treatment of cancer will bring a series of physiological and psychological symptoms to patients,which will seriously affect the quality of life of patients.As a complementary and alternative therapy,yoga is more and more used in symptom management and quality of life improvement of cancer patients.This paper introduces the overview,implementation methods and application status of yoga,summarizes the application effect of yoga in the symptom management of cancer patients,analyzes the shortcomings in the application process at this stage,and puts forward the prospect,in order to provide a reference for the better application of yoga in the symptom management of cancer patients in the future.展开更多
Several multicast key management schemes such as those proposed by Wallner et al and Wong et al are based on a multilevel, logical hierarchy (or tree) of key-encrypting keys. When used in conjunction with a reliable m...Several multicast key management schemes such as those proposed by Wallner et al and Wong et al are based on a multilevel, logical hierarchy (or tree) of key-encrypting keys. When used in conjunction with a reliable multicast infrastructure, this approach results in a highly efficient key update mechanism in which the number of multicast messages transmitted upon a membership update is proportional to the depth of the tree, which is logarithmic to the size of the secure multicast group. But this is based on the hypothesis that the tree is maintained in a balanced manner. This paper proposes a scalable rekeying scheme---link-tree structure for implementing secure group communication. Theoretical calculation and experimentation show that this scheme has better performance than the tree structure and the star structure, and at the same time still keep the link-tree structure balanced.展开更多
Considering some drawbacks of the mainstream approach to environmental management (EM),the conception and basic idea of Participatory EM(PEM) are put forward.PEM possesses some main features and benefits that are supe...Considering some drawbacks of the mainstream approach to environmental management (EM),the conception and basic idea of Participatory EM(PEM) are put forward.PEM possesses some main features and benefits that are superior to the mainstream approach,but also faces the crucial constraint in decision-making.The dilemma can be effectively settled by applying an advanced decision-making support tool-group decision support system(GDSS).On the basis of recognizing the complex decision-making environment of PEM,this paper describes the components of GDSS for PEM(PEM-GDSS) and further discusses the basic requirement of PEM-GDSS.展开更多
Value Management (VM) is a rigorous and systematic approach to improve the value and optimise the overall cost of a facility. It identifies opportunities to remove unnecessary costs while assuring that quality, reliab...Value Management (VM) is a rigorous and systematic approach to improve the value and optimise the overall cost of a facility. It identifies opportunities to remove unnecessary costs while assuring that quality, reliability, performance, and other critical factors will meet or exceed the customers’ expectations. It has been widely used in the construction industry in a number of countries. A recent survey, however, revealed several problems that hinder the wider use of this methodology in the industry. To overcome these problems, a feasibility study has been conducted to investigate whether or not a Group Support System (GSS) can support collaborative works in VM workshops. This paper introduces the development and structure of a prototype GSS which is designed to support the collaborative works of stakeholders in VM workshops. It begins with an introduction to the conceptual GSS framework and job plan, illustrating what GSS supports can be provided to VM workshops. This is followed by a detailed description of the GSS prototype system to demonstrate how these supports can be performed as an integrated computer system. The testing of the system is also discussed. The research findings provide strong evidence in supporting the notion of using GSS to improve VM implementation. The information support of GSS has been ranked to be the most useful GSS functions and most of the practitioners interviewed are highly interested in applying GSS to support VM workshops in the future.展开更多
The current multicast model provides no access control mechanism. Any host can send data directly to a multicast address or join a multicast group to become a member, which brings safety problems to multicast. In this...The current multicast model provides no access control mechanism. Any host can send data directly to a multicast address or join a multicast group to become a member, which brings safety problems to multicast. In this paper, we present a new active multicast group access control mechanism that is founded on trust management. This structure can solve the problem that exists in multicast members’ access control and distributing authorization of traditional IP multicast.展开更多
Cloud data sharing service, which allows a group of people to work together to access and modify the shared data, is one of the most popular and efficient working styles in the enterprises. However, the cloud server i...Cloud data sharing service, which allows a group of people to work together to access and modify the shared data, is one of the most popular and efficient working styles in the enterprises. However, the cloud server is not completely trusted, and its security could be compromised by monetary reasons or caused by hacking and hardware errors. Therefore, despite of having advantages of scalability and flexibility, cloud storage service comes with privacy and the security concerns. A straightforward method to protect the user's privacy is to encrypt the data stored at the cloud. To enable the authenticated users to access the encrypted cloud data, a practical group key management algorithm for the cloud data sharing application is highly desired. The existing group key management mechanisms presume that the server is trusted. But, the cloud data service mode does not always meet this condition. How to manage the group keys to support the scenario of the cloud storage with a semi-trusted cloud server is still a challenging task. Moreover, the cloud storage system is a large-scale and open application, in which the user group is dynamic. To address this problem, we propose a practical group key management algorithm based on a proxy re-encryption mechanism in this paper. We use the cloud server to act as a proxy tore-encrypt the group key to allow authorized users to decrypt and get the group key by their private key. To achieve the hierarchical access control policy, our scheme enables the cloud server to convert the encrypted group key of the lower group to the upper group. The numerical analysis and experimental results further validate the high efficiency and security of the proposed scheme.展开更多
基金Hebei University Affiliated Hospital Youth Fund Scientific Research Project Project Number:2019Q017。
文摘Objective:To explore the role of specialized group management in the quality control of perioperative nursing.Methods:45 surgical nurses from our hospital were selected as the research subjects.Traditional operating room management was adopted from July 2019 to June 2020,and specialized group management was adopted from July 2020 to June 2021.The surgeon’s satisfaction,surgical nurses’core professional competence,and surgical patients’satisfaction were obtained through surveys and the results were analyzed.Results:Surgeon satisfaction before the implementation of specialized group management was significantly lower than after its implementation(P<0.05).Besides,surgical nurses’core professional competency scores before the implementation of specialized group management were significantly lower than after its implementation(P<0.05).Lastly,surgical patients’satisfaction before the implementation of specialized group management was significantly lower than after its implementation(P<0.05).Conclusion:Specialized group management helps to improve the quality of perioperative care and should be applied in clinical practice.
文摘Background: Descriptive statistics have been used to document the high prevalence of sleep disorders, fatigue, and pain in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Objectives: To describe day-to-day variations in sleep indicators, physical activity level, pain, and fatigue measured using objective and subjective indicators in lupus patients with sleep disorders. Methods: We selected three patients with sleep disorders, measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score (≥9), out of 20 participants followed up for 4 weeks. We compared the self-rated quality of life (QoL) measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) with that of objectively measured sleep indicators monitored using the Nemuri scan. The detailed data collection methods have been previously published. Results: The sleep status generated by the Nemuri scan revealed that Case A with a flare and Case B without a flare required frequent daytime rest. The PSQI sleep duration and sleep latency were generally in agreement with the monitored data, although the PSQI failed to capture the complexity of sleep disorders, particularly the fluctuations in the quality of sleep indicators. Patient C approximately 4 hours on weekdays and 10 hours on Saturday nights. All three cases had high fatigue levels, and their moderate-to-vigorous physical activity duration was less than one-half of duration that recommended by the World Health Association. Conclusion: Visual display for objective monitoring of sleep quality is an excellent tool for understanding patients who require frequent resting and irregular sleep indicators. Objective monitoring of sleep quality, along with self-rated pain and fatigue, promotes an understanding of how patients with SLE cope with severe symptoms.
文摘Focusing on the two themes of"internal control"and"risk management",this paper makes an in-depth analysis of the current situation of risk management and internal control of Moutai Group.It analyzes the current situation of risk management and internal control of Moutai Group.It is found that the risk management of Moutai Group is not perfect,the information exchange is not smooth,and the internal control assessment is not perfect.Finally,it puts forward some corresponding countermeasures,including establishing an effective information communication mechanism,perfecting the risk assessment system,and strengthening the construction of the professional talent team.
文摘The global burden of breast cancer continues to increase largely because of the aging and growth of the world population. More than 1.38 million women worldwide were estimated to be diagnosed with breast cancer in 2008, accounting for 23% of all diagnosed cancers in women. Given that the 5-year survival rate for breast cancer is now 90%, experiencing breast cancer is ultimately about quality of life. Women treated for breast cancer are facing a life-time risk of developing lymphedema, a chronic condition that occurs in up to 40% of this population and negatively affects breast cancer survivors' quality of life. This review offers an insightful understanding of the condition by providing clinically relevant and evidence based knowledge regarding lymphedema symptoms, diagnosis, risk reduction, and management with the intent to inform health care professionals so that they might be better equipped to care for patients.
基金This project was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71673057)
文摘Objective:The overarching objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of HIV symptom management guidelines in China in reducing the incidence and severity of symptoms and improving patients'quality of life.Methods:We conducted a controlled,pre-and post-implementation design in the HIV/AIDS inpatient unit in Shanghai.Patients recruited from November 2014 to February 2015 were in the intervention group and those from October 2013 to February 2014 were in the control group.There were 74 patients in each group.Participants in the intervention group received interventions based on the HIV symptom management guidelines.Overall symptom severity,depression,and quality of life were measured in two groups at baseline,week 4,and week 8.Results:Totally 126 patients completed the research,65 in the intervention group and 61 in the control group.The total symptom severity scores showed a statistically significant difference between groups across time(P<0.05).It showed that frequencies of fatigue(36.9%vs.44.3%),fever(6.2%vs.11.5%),loss in weight(9.2%vs.16.4%),mouth ulcers(12.3%vs.16.4%),headaches(9.2%vs.19.7%)and depression(F=1.09,P>0.05)in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group in week 8 without statistical significance.The multilevel growth mixture model indicated a greater increase in the total score of quality of life for the group treated according to the symptom management guidelines(P=0.04).Conclusion:The evidence-based HIV symptom management guidelines can improve a patient's quality of life and relieve negative symptoms.The guidelines can be applied in a similar context to other HIV/AIDS units or clinics.
文摘With the development and widely used of the compute r technology, the CAD has been more and more used in the process of designing prod uct. The number of the engineering drawings will greatly increase because of the continually appearance of the new products. As a result, it has become a badly needed to be solved problem for us that how to rapidly and efficiently search an d appropriately preserve and manage the drawings. In this paper, a method of bui lding the product drawing management system for extrusion aluminum-type materia ls is discussed. This system is designed for the profile graphic of the aluminou s section material management by using Group Technology (GT) principle. Accordin g to the GT, we developed a classifying-coding system and drawing management sy stem about the extrusion aluminum-type materials through analyzing a large numb er of extrusion aluminum-type materials section drawings. The coding system has realized the flexible coding and hidden coding of the extrusion aluminum-type materials and then enhanced the flexibility and the expansible of the system. By supplying the designer with the human-computer interaction interface the drawi ng management system has been able to resolve many difficult problems such as se arch and manage the existed drawings about the extrusion aluminum-type material s very well. At the same time, it also helps the developing work enhance the abi lity of inheriting by applying this kind of variant method. In a word, with the help of this system we can not only shorten the designing time greatly and reduc e the cost of the product but also research the designing drawings rapidly. In o rder to output the data information related to the part drawing, the system uses the data-exchange standard to which the drawing support-software adapted as d ata-exchange interface. The system is advantageous to building a standard of dr awing design and increasing the efficiency of searching drawing and enhancing th e information management, which have had a base for building the best management system in the future. In addition, the paper has a detailed analysis about the principle of flexible classification code and data structure.
文摘The integration of international economy dominated wi th the financial market leads to fierce competition. This requires firms impleme nt modern corporate financial mechanism. From the view of the current situation of financial management in China, we demonstrates the differences in financial m anagement between Chinese enterprises and international companies by describing detailed case studies of typical large enterprises in China. To transform the enterprise management mechanism, the enterprise financial m echanism must be transformed accordingly. The basic ideas for its transformation and establishment include: 1. Changing the managerial ideology, that is, completing the ideological chan ge from the management of goods to the management of capital; 2. Establishing a scientific organizational mechanism for financial managemen t; 3. Establishing a mechanism for scientific management, supervision and assess ment; 4. Training high-level financial management personnel with modern management knowledge; 5. Dividing promotion center, distribution center, cost center and profit cen ter in financial division. In view of the above basic ideas and basic principles for the transformation and establishment of enterprise financial mechanism, we found that: the basic conte nt that needs transformation in the theory of China’s traditional enterprise fin ancial mechanism should include the content of finance main body, the content of financial objectives, the content of financial organizational structure and the content of environment for financial management. At the same time the following theories should be introduced, particularly the theories of capital time value, of risk in finance management and risk management, of the capital cost and capi tal structure, so as to establish a basic theoretical framework for the modern e nterprise financial mechanism. Based on the analyses, this paper discusses the impacts of economic globaliz ation to Chinese large enterprises and their financial management systems. From the current situation of Chinese companies’ financial management, this paper dem onstrates the adaptations to the differences in financial management of Chin ese enterprises with case study.
基金financially supported by the Support Plan for Overseas Students to Return to China for Entrepreneurship and Innovation(cx2020003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020CDJ-LHZZ-074)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2020jcyj-msxm X0629)。
文摘The defects from electron transport layer,perovskite layer and their interface would result in carrier nonradiative recombination losses.Poor buried interfacial contact is detrimental to charge extraction and device stability.Here,we report a bottom-up holistic carrier management strategy induced synergistically by multiple chemical bonds to minimize bulk and interfacial energy losses for high-performance perovskite photovoltaics.4-trifluoromethyl-benzamidine hydrochloride(TBHCl)containing–CF_(3),amidine cation and Cl^(-)is in advance incorporated into SnO_(2)colloid solution to realize bottom-up modification.The synergistic effect of multiple functional groups and multiple-bond-induced chemical interaction are revealed theoretically and experimentally.F and Cl^(-)can passivate oxygen vacancy and/or undercoordinated Sn^(4+)defects by coordinating with Sn^(4+).The F can suppress cation migration and modulate crystallization via hydrogen bond with FA^(+),and can passivate lead defects by coordinating with Pb^(2+).The–NH_(2)–C=NH^(+)_(2)and Cl^(-)can passivate cation and anion vacancy defects through ionic bonds with perovskites,respectively.Through TBHCl modification,the suppression of agglomeration of SnO_(2)nanoparticles,bulk and interfacial defect passivation,and release of tensile strains of perovskite films are demonstrated,which resulted in a PCE enhancement from 21.28%to 23.40%and improved stability.With post-treatment,the efficiency is further improved to 23.63%.
文摘The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and severity of erectile dysfunction (ED) and hypogonadism in 193 men presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) in the younger (20 - 39 years old) and older (40 - 60 years old) age groups depending on the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Triglycerides, glucose and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum total testosterone (TT), sex hormone-binding globulin, prostate-specific antigen, pituitary hormones levels were measured in serum. Standardized criteria (2009) were used to determine the prevalence of MetS. Patients were assessed based on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and the IPSS-Quality of Life (IPSS-QoL) for LUTSs and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) for ED. Hypogonadism was determined in accordance with the ISA, ISSAM, EAU, EAA and ASA recommendations. In men with MetS in the younger age group the incidence of ED was 2.4 times higher, and that of low TT level and hypogonadism was 8.4 times higher compared to men without the syndrome. In the older age group, an increased incidence of ED and low TT level in men with MetS compared to men without the syndrome was on the trend level, but the incidence of hypogonadism was for sure higher (by 1.6 times). In conclusion, the study showed that ED and hypogonadism are associated with MetS by a high degree of certainty in young men with LUTSs. In men of the older age group with LUTSs, the presence of MetS is not so clearly associated with ED and hypogonadism due to the fact that the incidence of these urogenital diseases is also high in men without MetS.
基金Project(61100201) supported by National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(12ZZ019) supported by Technology Innovation Research Program,Shang Municipal Education Commission,China+1 种基金Project(LYM11053) supported by the Foundation for Distinguished Young Talents in Higher Education of Guangdong Province,ChinaProject(NCET-12-0358) supported by New Century Excellent Talentsin University,Ministry of Education,China
文摘The key exposure problem is a practical threat for many security applications. In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), keys could be compromised easily due to its limited hardware protections. A secure group key management scheme is responsible for secure distributing group keys among valid nodes of the group. Based on the key-insulated encryption (KIE), we propose a group key management scheme (KIE-GKMS), which integrates the pair-wise key pre-distribution for WSN. The KIE-GKMS scheme updates group keys dynamically when adding or removing nodes. Moreover, the security analysis proves that the KIE-GKMS scheme not only obtains the semantic security, but also provides the forward and backward security. Finally, the theoretical analysis shows that the KIE-GKMS scheme has constant performance on both communication and storage costs in sensor nodes.
基金Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank the reviewers for their detailed reviews and constructive comments, which have helped improve the quality of this paper. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Crant No. 60873231, the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under Grant No. BK2009426, Major State Basic Research Development Program of China under Cwant No.2011CB302903 and Key University Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province under Crant No. 11KJA520002.
文摘The major advantages of EBS-based key management scheme are its enhanced network survivability, high dynamic performance, and better support for network expansion. But it suffers from the collusion problem, which means it is prone to the cooperative attack of evicted members. A novel EBS-based collusion resistant group management scheme utilizing the construction of Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) is proposed. The new scheme satisfies the desired security properties, such as forward secrecy, backward secrecy and collusion secrecy. Compared with existing EBS-based key management scheme, the new scheme can resolve EBS collusion problem completely. Even all evicted members work together, and share their individual piece of information, they could not access to the new group key. In addition, our scheme is more efficient in terms of communication and computation overhead when the group size is large. It can be well controlled even in the case of large-scale application scenarios.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60572162)
文摘Considering the special requirements of group enter- prise information management software, a new method of massive software development was put forward basing on the component technology and facing the "assemblage". It generalizes five key parts of the method system including the overall strategy, the ap- plication project method basing on the operation "assemblage", the field project method basing on component, the development method facing the component on the basis of the visible compo- nent platform, and the software development process model basing on the component "assemblage". Besides, this paper describes the process and principle of this method application with an example of the construction of a Communications Investment Group enter- prise’s management information system. The method provides a new idea for breaking away from the predicament appeared in the construction of present enterprise informatization and exploring the way of software industrialization.
文摘The survival rate of cancer patients is rising,but the treatment of cancer will bring a series of physiological and psychological symptoms to patients,which will seriously affect the quality of life of patients.As a complementary and alternative therapy,yoga is more and more used in symptom management and quality of life improvement of cancer patients.This paper introduces the overview,implementation methods and application status of yoga,summarizes the application effect of yoga in the symptom management of cancer patients,analyzes the shortcomings in the application process at this stage,and puts forward the prospect,in order to provide a reference for the better application of yoga in the symptom management of cancer patients in the future.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.60203012) and Shanghai Rising-Star Program in Science and Technology (Grant No.02QD14027).
文摘Several multicast key management schemes such as those proposed by Wallner et al and Wong et al are based on a multilevel, logical hierarchy (or tree) of key-encrypting keys. When used in conjunction with a reliable multicast infrastructure, this approach results in a highly efficient key update mechanism in which the number of multicast messages transmitted upon a membership update is proportional to the depth of the tree, which is logarithmic to the size of the secure multicast group. But this is based on the hypothesis that the tree is maintained in a balanced manner. This paper proposes a scalable rekeying scheme---link-tree structure for implementing secure group communication. Theoretical calculation and experimentation show that this scheme has better performance than the tree structure and the star structure, and at the same time still keep the link-tree structure balanced.
文摘Considering some drawbacks of the mainstream approach to environmental management (EM),the conception and basic idea of Participatory EM(PEM) are put forward.PEM possesses some main features and benefits that are superior to the mainstream approach,but also faces the crucial constraint in decision-making.The dilemma can be effectively settled by applying an advanced decision-making support tool-group decision support system(GDSS).On the basis of recognizing the complex decision-making environment of PEM,this paper describes the components of GDSS for PEM(PEM-GDSS) and further discusses the basic requirement of PEM-GDSS.
文摘Value Management (VM) is a rigorous and systematic approach to improve the value and optimise the overall cost of a facility. It identifies opportunities to remove unnecessary costs while assuring that quality, reliability, performance, and other critical factors will meet or exceed the customers’ expectations. It has been widely used in the construction industry in a number of countries. A recent survey, however, revealed several problems that hinder the wider use of this methodology in the industry. To overcome these problems, a feasibility study has been conducted to investigate whether or not a Group Support System (GSS) can support collaborative works in VM workshops. This paper introduces the development and structure of a prototype GSS which is designed to support the collaborative works of stakeholders in VM workshops. It begins with an introduction to the conceptual GSS framework and job plan, illustrating what GSS supports can be provided to VM workshops. This is followed by a detailed description of the GSS prototype system to demonstrate how these supports can be performed as an integrated computer system. The testing of the system is also discussed. The research findings provide strong evidence in supporting the notion of using GSS to improve VM implementation. The information support of GSS has been ranked to be the most useful GSS functions and most of the practitioners interviewed are highly interested in applying GSS to support VM workshops in the future.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China (60363001 ,60373087 ,90104005 ,60473023)
文摘The current multicast model provides no access control mechanism. Any host can send data directly to a multicast address or join a multicast group to become a member, which brings safety problems to multicast. In this paper, we present a new active multicast group access control mechanism that is founded on trust management. This structure can solve the problem that exists in multicast members’ access control and distributing authorization of traditional IP multicast.
基金partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China No.61202034,61232002,61303026,6157237861402339CCF Opening Project of Chinese Information Processing No.CCF2014-01-02+2 种基金the Program for Innovative Research Team of Wuhan No.2014070504020237Fundamental Application Research Plan of Suzhou City No.SYG201312Natural Science Foundation of Wuhan University No.2042016gf0020
文摘Cloud data sharing service, which allows a group of people to work together to access and modify the shared data, is one of the most popular and efficient working styles in the enterprises. However, the cloud server is not completely trusted, and its security could be compromised by monetary reasons or caused by hacking and hardware errors. Therefore, despite of having advantages of scalability and flexibility, cloud storage service comes with privacy and the security concerns. A straightforward method to protect the user's privacy is to encrypt the data stored at the cloud. To enable the authenticated users to access the encrypted cloud data, a practical group key management algorithm for the cloud data sharing application is highly desired. The existing group key management mechanisms presume that the server is trusted. But, the cloud data service mode does not always meet this condition. How to manage the group keys to support the scenario of the cloud storage with a semi-trusted cloud server is still a challenging task. Moreover, the cloud storage system is a large-scale and open application, in which the user group is dynamic. To address this problem, we propose a practical group key management algorithm based on a proxy re-encryption mechanism in this paper. We use the cloud server to act as a proxy tore-encrypt the group key to allow authorized users to decrypt and get the group key by their private key. To achieve the hierarchical access control policy, our scheme enables the cloud server to convert the encrypted group key of the lower group to the upper group. The numerical analysis and experimental results further validate the high efficiency and security of the proposed scheme.
