Combined with the practical experience of wastewater treatment plant, the chemical coagulants have inhibition effects on microorganism activity, with the influence degree of PAC (polyaluminium chloride) > AlCl3>...Combined with the practical experience of wastewater treatment plant, the chemical coagulants have inhibition effects on microorganism activity, with the influence degree of PAC (polyaluminium chloride) > AlCl3> Fe2(SO4)3. In synchronization dephosphorization, the inhibition rates of PAC in 10 ppm and 20 ppm are 11.9% and 33% respectively;while the inhibition rates of AlCl3 and Fe2(SO4)3 in 20 ppm are 15.8% and 8.5% respectively, compared with 9.6% and 5.4% in 10 ppm. Backwash wastewater from sand filter after adding coagulants has no direct inhibition effect on microorganism, but it results in inorganic components increase in active sludge. By taking North STP as an example, the VSS/SS ratio reduced from 0.65 after coagulants application to 0.54.展开更多
We study quantum synchronization under the nonequilibrium reservoirs.We consider a two-qubit XXZ chain coupled independently to their own reservoirs modeled by the collisional model.Two reservoir particles,initially p...We study quantum synchronization under the nonequilibrium reservoirs.We consider a two-qubit XXZ chain coupled independently to their own reservoirs modeled by the collisional model.Two reservoir particles,initially prepared in a thermal state or a state with coherence,are correlated through a unitary transformation and afterward interact locally with the two quantum subsystems.We study the quantum effect of reservoir on synchronous dynamics of system.By preparing different reservoir initial states or manipulating the reservoir particles coupling and the temperature gradient,we find that quantum entanglement of reservoir is the key to control quantum synchronization of system qubits.展开更多
As modern electromagnetic environments are more and more complex,the anti-interference performance of the synchronization acquisition is becoming vital in wireless communications.With the rapid development of the digi...As modern electromagnetic environments are more and more complex,the anti-interference performance of the synchronization acquisition is becoming vital in wireless communications.With the rapid development of the digital signal processing technologies,some synchronization acquisition algorithms for hybrid direct-sequence(DS)/frequency hopping(FH)spread spectrum communications have been proposed.However,these algorithms do not focus on the analysis and the design of the synchronization acquisition under typical interferences.In this paper,a synchronization acquisition algorithm based on the frequency hopping pulses combining(FHPC)is proposed.Specifically,the proposed algorithm is composed of two modules:an adaptive interference suppression(IS)module and an adaptive combining decision module.The adaptive IS module mitigates the effect of the interfered samples in the time-domain or the frequencydomain,and the adaptive combining decision module can utilize each frequency hopping pulse to construct an anti-interference decision metric and generate an adaptive acquisition decision threshold to complete the acquisition.Theory and simulation demonstrate that the proposed algorithm significantly enhances the antiinterference and anti-noise performances of the synchronization acquisition for hybrid DS/FH communications.展开更多
Research on discrete memristor-based neural networks has received much attention.However,current research mainly focuses on memristor–based discrete homogeneous neuron networks,while memristor-coupled discrete hetero...Research on discrete memristor-based neural networks has received much attention.However,current research mainly focuses on memristor–based discrete homogeneous neuron networks,while memristor-coupled discrete heterogeneous neuron networks are rarely reported.In this study,a new four-stable discrete locally active memristor is proposed and its nonvolatile and locally active properties are verified by its power-off plot and DC V–I diagram.Based on two-dimensional(2D)discrete Izhikevich neuron and 2D discrete Chialvo neuron,a heterogeneous discrete neuron network is constructed by using the proposed discrete memristor as a coupling synapse connecting the two heterogeneous neurons.Considering the coupling strength as the control parameter,chaotic firing,periodic firing,and hyperchaotic firing patterns are revealed.In particular,multiple coexisting firing patterns are observed,which are induced by different initial values of the memristor.Phase synchronization between the two heterogeneous neurons is discussed and it is found that they can achieve perfect synchronous at large coupling strength.Furthermore,the effect of Gaussian white noise on synchronization behaviors is also explored.We demonstrate that the presence of noise not only leads to the transition of firing patterns,but also achieves the phase synchronization between two heterogeneous neurons under low coupling strength.展开更多
The machine learning models of multiple linear regression(MLR),support vector regression(SVR),and extreme learning ma-chine(ELM)and the proposed ELM models of online sequential ELM(OS-ELM)and OS-ELM with forgetting me...The machine learning models of multiple linear regression(MLR),support vector regression(SVR),and extreme learning ma-chine(ELM)and the proposed ELM models of online sequential ELM(OS-ELM)and OS-ELM with forgetting mechanism(FOS-ELM)are applied in the prediction of the lime utilization ratio of dephosphorization in the basic oxygen furnace steelmaking process.The ELM model exhibites the best performance compared with the models of MLR and SVR.OS-ELM and FOS-ELM are applied for sequential learning and model updating.The optimal number of samples in validity term of the FOS-ELM model is determined to be 1500,with the smallest population mean absolute relative error(MARE)value of 0.058226 for the population.The variable importance analysis reveals lime weight,initial P content,and hot metal weight as the most important variables for the lime utilization ratio.The lime utilization ratio increases with the decrease in lime weight and the increases in the initial P content and hot metal weight.A prediction system based on FOS-ELM is applied in actual industrial production for one month.The hit ratios of the predicted lime utilization ratio in the error ranges of±1%,±3%,and±5%are 61.16%,90.63%,and 94.11%,respectively.The coefficient of determination,MARE,and root mean square error are 0.8670,0.06823,and 1.4265,respectively.The system exhibits desirable performance for applications in actual industrial pro-duction.展开更多
The fixed-time synchronization and preassigned-time synchronization are investigated for a class of quaternion-valued neural networks with time-varying delays and discontinuous activation functions. Unlike previous ef...The fixed-time synchronization and preassigned-time synchronization are investigated for a class of quaternion-valued neural networks with time-varying delays and discontinuous activation functions. Unlike previous efforts that employed separation analysis and the real-valued control design, based on the quaternion-valued signum function and several related properties, a direct analytical method is proposed here and the quaternion-valued controllers are designed in order to discuss the fixed-time synchronization for the relevant quaternion-valued neural networks. In addition, the preassigned-time synchronization is investigated based on a quaternion-valued control design, where the synchronization time is preassigned and the control gains are finite. Compared with existing results, the direct method without separation developed in this article is beneficial in terms of simplifying theoretical analysis, and the proposed quaternion-valued control schemes are simpler and more effective than the traditional design, which adds four real-valued controllers. Finally, two numerical examples are given in order to support the theoretical results.展开更多
Dear Editor, This letter deals with fixed-time synchronization(Fd-TS) of complex networks(CNs) under aperiodically intermittent control(AIC)for the first time. The average control rate and a new Lyapunov function are ...Dear Editor, This letter deals with fixed-time synchronization(Fd-TS) of complex networks(CNs) under aperiodically intermittent control(AIC)for the first time. The average control rate and a new Lyapunov function are proposed to overcome the difficulty of dealing with fixedtime stability/synchronization of CNs for AIC.展开更多
In recent years,as a promising way to realize digital transformation,digital twin shop-floor(DTS)plays an impor-tant role in smart manufacturing.The core feature of DTS is the synchronization.How to implement and main...In recent years,as a promising way to realize digital transformation,digital twin shop-floor(DTS)plays an impor-tant role in smart manufacturing.The core feature of DTS is the synchronization.How to implement and maintain the synchronization is critical for DTS.However,there is still a lack of a common definition for synchronization in DTS.Besides,a systematic synchronization mechanism for DTS is strongly needed.This paper first summarizes the defi-nition and requirements of synchronization in DTS,to clarify the understanding of synchronization in DTS.Then,a 5M synchronization mechanism for DTS is proposed,where 5M refers to multi-system data,multi-fidelity model,multi-resource state,multi-level state,and multi-stage operation.As a bottom-up synchronization mechanism,5M synchronization mechanism for DTS has the potential to support DTS to achieve and maintain physical-virtual state synchronization,and to realize operation synchronization of DTS.The implementation methods of 5M synchronization mechanism for DTS are also introduced.Finally,the proposed synchronization mechanism is validated in a digital twin satellite assembly shop-floor,which proves the effectiveness and feasibility of the mechanism.展开更多
Coupled phase oscillators are adopted as powerful platforms in studying synchrony behaviors emerged in various systems with rhythmic dynamics. Much attention has been focused on coupled time-continuous oscillators des...Coupled phase oscillators are adopted as powerful platforms in studying synchrony behaviors emerged in various systems with rhythmic dynamics. Much attention has been focused on coupled time-continuous oscillators described by differential equations. In this paper, we study the synchronization dynamics of networks of coupled circle maps as the discrete version of the Kuramoto model. Despite of its simplicity in mathematical form, it is found that discreteness may induce many interesting synchronization behaviors. Multiple synchronization and desynchronization transitions of both phases and frequencies are found with varying the coupling among circle-map oscillators. The mechanisms of these transitions are interpreted in terms of the mean-field approach, where collective bifurcation cascades are revealed for coupled circle-map oscillators.展开更多
Explosive synchronization(ES)is a kind of first-order jump phenomenon that exists in physical and biological systems.In recent years,researchers have focused on ES between single-layer and multi-layer networks.Most re...Explosive synchronization(ES)is a kind of first-order jump phenomenon that exists in physical and biological systems.In recent years,researchers have focused on ES between single-layer and multi-layer networks.Most research on complex networks with delay has focused on single-layer or double-layer networks,multi-layer networks are seldom explored.In this paper,we propose a Kuramoto model of frequency weights in multi-layer complex networks with delay and star connections between layers.Through theoretical analysis and numerical verification,the factors affecting the backward critical coupling strength are analyzed.The results show that the interaction between layers and the average node degree has a direct effect on the backward critical coupling strength of each layer network.The location of the delay,the size of the delay,the number of network layers,the number of nodes,and the network topology are revealed to have no direct impact on the backward critical coupling strength of the network.Delay is introduced to explore the influence of delay and other related parameters on ES.展开更多
Coupled phase oscillators usually achieve synchronization as the coupling strength among oscillators is increased beyond a critical value. The stability of synchronous state remains an open issue. In this paper, we st...Coupled phase oscillators usually achieve synchronization as the coupling strength among oscillators is increased beyond a critical value. The stability of synchronous state remains an open issue. In this paper, we study the stability of the synchronous state in coupled phase oscillators. It is found that numerical integration of differential equations of coupled phase oscillators with a finite time step may induce desynchronization at strong couplings. The mechanism behind this instability is that numerical accumulated errors in simulations may trigger the loss of stability of the synchronous state.Desynchronization critical couplings are found to increase and diverge as a power law with decreasing the integral time step. Theoretical analysis supports the local stability of the synchronized state. Globally the emergence of synchronous state depends on the initial conditions. Other metastable ordered states such as twisted states can coexist with the synchronous mode. These twisted states keep locally stable on a sparse network but lose their stability when the network becomes dense.展开更多
Noise and time delay are inevitable in real-world networks. In this article, the framework of master stability function is generalized to stochastic complex networks with time-delayed coupling. The focus is on the eff...Noise and time delay are inevitable in real-world networks. In this article, the framework of master stability function is generalized to stochastic complex networks with time-delayed coupling. The focus is on the effects of noise, time delay,and their inner interactions on the network synchronization. It is found that when there exists time-delayed coupling in the network and noise diffuses through all state variables of nodes, appropriately increasing the noise intensity can effectively improve the network synchronizability;otherwise, noise can be either beneficial or harmful. For stochastic networks, large time delays will lead to desynchronization. These findings provide valuable references for designing optimal complex networks in practical applications.展开更多
A memristor-coupled heterogenous neural network consisting of two-dimensional(2D)FitzHugh–Nagumo(FHN)and Hindmarsh–Rose(HR)neurons with two time delays is established.Taking the time delays as the control parameters...A memristor-coupled heterogenous neural network consisting of two-dimensional(2D)FitzHugh–Nagumo(FHN)and Hindmarsh–Rose(HR)neurons with two time delays is established.Taking the time delays as the control parameters,the existence of Hopf bifurcation near the stable equilibrium point in four cases is derived theoretically,and the validity of the Hopf bifurcation condition is verified by numerical analysis.The results show that the two time delays can make the stable equilibrium point unstable,thus leading to periodic oscillations induced by Hopf bifurcation.Furthermore,the time delays in FHN and HR neurons have different effects on the firing activity of neural network.Complex firing patterns,such as quiescent state,chaotic spiking,and periodic spiking can be induced by the time delay in FHN neuron,while the neural network only exhibits quiescent state and periodic spiking with the change of the time delay in HR neuron.Especially,phase synchronization between the heterogeneous neurons is explored,and the results show that the time delay in HR neurons has a greater effect on blocking the synchronization than the time delay in FHN neuron.Finally,the theoretical analysis is verified by circuit simulations.展开更多
When charged bodies come up close to each other,the field energy is diffused and their states are regulated under bidirectional field coupling.For biological neurons,the diversity in intrinsic electric and magnetic fi...When charged bodies come up close to each other,the field energy is diffused and their states are regulated under bidirectional field coupling.For biological neurons,the diversity in intrinsic electric and magnetic field energy can create synaptic connection for fast energy balance and synaptic current is passed across the synapse channel;as a result,energy is pumped and exchanged to induce synchronous firing modes.In this paper,a capacitor is used to connect two neural circuits and energy propagation is activated along the coupling channel.The intrinsic field energy in the two neural circuits is exchanged and the coupling intensity is controlled adaptively using the Heaviside function.Some field energy is saved in the coupling channel and is then sent back to the coupled neural circuits to reach energy balance.Therefore the circuits can reach possible energy balance and complete synchronization.It is possible that the diffusive energy of the coupled neurons inspires the synaptic connections to grow stronger for possible energy balance.展开更多
Different from the common delayed synchronization(DS)in which response appears after stimulation,anticipated synchronization(AS)in unidirectionally coupled neurons denotes a counterintuitive phenomenon in which respon...Different from the common delayed synchronization(DS)in which response appears after stimulation,anticipated synchronization(AS)in unidirectionally coupled neurons denotes a counterintuitive phenomenon in which response of the receiver neuron appears before stimulation of the sender neuron,showing an interesting function of brain to anticipate the future.The dynamical mechanism for the AS remains unclear due to complex dynamics of inhibitory and excitatory modulations.In this article,the paradoxical roles of excitatory synapse and inhibitory autapse in the formation of AS are acquired.Firstly,in addition to the common roles such that inhibitory modulation delays and excitatory modulation advances spike,paradoxical roles of excitatory stimulation to delay spike via type-II phase response and of inhibitory autapse to advance spike are obtained in suitable parameter regions,extending the dynamics and functions of the excitatory and inhibitory modulations.Secondly,AS is related to the paradoxical roles of the excitatory and inhibitory modulations,presenting deep understandings to the AS.Inhibitory autapse induces spike of the receiver neuron advanced to appear before that of the sender neuron at first,and then excitatory synapse plays a delay role to prevent the spike further advanced,resulting in the AS as the advance and delay effects realize a dynamic balance.Lastly,inhibitory autapse with strong advance,middle advance,and weak advance and delay effects induce phase drift(spike of the receiver neuron advances continuously),AS,and DS,respectively,presenting comprehensive relationships between AS and other behaviors.The results present potential measures to modulate AS related to brain function.展开更多
A novel fractional-order hyperchaotic complex system is proposed by introducing the Caputo fractional-order derivative operator and a constant term to the complex simplified Lorenz system. The proposed system has diff...A novel fractional-order hyperchaotic complex system is proposed by introducing the Caputo fractional-order derivative operator and a constant term to the complex simplified Lorenz system. The proposed system has different numbers of equilibria for different ranges of parameters. The dynamics of the proposed system is investigated by means of phase portraits, Lyapunov exponents, bifurcation diagrams, and basins of attraction. The results show abundant dynamical characteristics. Particularly, the phenomena of extreme multistability as well as hidden attractors are discovered. In addition, the complex generalized projective synchronization is implemented between two fractional-order hyperchaotic complex systems with different fractional orders. Based on the fractional Lyapunov stability theorem, the synchronization controllers are designed, and the theoretical results are verified and demonstrated by numerical simulations. It lays the foundation for practical applications of the proposed system.展开更多
At present, many neuron models have been proposed, which can be divided into discrete neuron models and continuous neuron models. Discrete neuron models have the advantage of faster simulation speed and the ease of un...At present, many neuron models have been proposed, which can be divided into discrete neuron models and continuous neuron models. Discrete neuron models have the advantage of faster simulation speed and the ease of understanding complex dynamic phenomena. Due to the properties of memorability, nonvolatility, and local activity, locally active discrete memristors(LADMs) are also suitable for simulating synapses. In this paper, we use an LADM to mimic synapses and establish a Rulkov neural network model. It is found that the change of coupling strength and the initial state of the LADM leads to multiple firing patterns of the neural network. In addition, considering the influence of neural network parameters and the initial state of the LADM, numerical analysis methods such as phase diagram and timing diagram are used to study the phase synchronization. As the system parameters and the initial states of the LADM change, the LADM coupled Rulkov neural network exhibits synchronization transition and synchronization coexistence.展开更多
Abiotic stress such as high temperature at flowering is one of many conditions reducing yield of corn(Zea mays L.).Mixing corn cultivars with diverse functional traits increases within-crop diversity and provides a po...Abiotic stress such as high temperature at flowering is one of many conditions reducing yield of corn(Zea mays L.).Mixing corn cultivars with diverse functional traits increases within-crop diversity and provides a potential means of mitigating yield losses under stress conditions.We conducted a three-year field study to investigate the effects of cultivar mixtures on kernel setting rate,pollen sources,and yield.This study consisted of six treatments,including two high temperature-tolerant(HTT)monocrops of WK702 and DH701,two high temperature-sensitive(HTS)monocrops of DH605 and DH662,and two HTT–HTS mixtures of WK702-DH605 and DH701-DH662.The anthesis–silking interval(ASI)was 0.9–1.6 days shorter in mixtures than in monocrops.Kernel setting rate was increased in mixtures(86.4%–88.7%)compared with those in monocrops(74.7%–84.1%)as a result of synchrony and complementarity of pollination.Grain yields of the HTT–HTS mixtures increased by 13.3%–18.7%,equivalent to 1169 to1605 kg ha^(-1),in comparison with HTS corn monocrops.The results of SSR markers showed that crossfertilization percentage in corn cultivar mixtures ranged from 29.3%to 47.8%,partially explaining yield improvement.Land equivalent ratio(LER)was 1.12 for corn mixtures and the partial land equivalent ratio(e.g.,>0.5)showed the complementary benefits in corn mixtures.The results indicated that mixing corn cultivars with diverse flowering and drought-tolerance traits increased yields via pollination synchrony.展开更多
Fixed-time synchronization(FTS)of delayed memristor-based neural networks(MNNs)with discontinuous activations is studied in this paper.Both continuous and discontinuous activations are considered forMNNs.And the mixed...Fixed-time synchronization(FTS)of delayed memristor-based neural networks(MNNs)with discontinuous activations is studied in this paper.Both continuous and discontinuous activations are considered forMNNs.And the mixed delays which are closer to reality are taken into the system.Besides,two kinds of control schemes are proposed,including feedback and adaptive control strategies.Based on some lemmas,mathematical inequalities and the designed controllers,a few synchronization criteria are acquired.Moreover,the upper bound of settling time(ST)which is independent of the initial values is given.Finally,the feasibility of our theory is attested by simulation examples.展开更多
This paper considers adaptive synchronization of uncertain neural networks with time delays and stochastic perturbation. A general adaptive controller is designed to deal with the difficulties deduced by uncertain par...This paper considers adaptive synchronization of uncertain neural networks with time delays and stochastic perturbation. A general adaptive controller is designed to deal with the difficulties deduced by uncertain parameters and stochastic perturbations, in which the controller is less conservative and optimal since its control gains can be automatically adjusted according to some designed update laws. Based on Lyapunov stability theory and Barbalat lemma, sufficient condition is obtained for synchronization of delayed neural networks by strict mathematical proof. Moreover, the obtained results of this paper are more general than most existing results of certainly neural networks with or without stochastic disturbances. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to substantiate our theoretical results.展开更多
文摘Combined with the practical experience of wastewater treatment plant, the chemical coagulants have inhibition effects on microorganism activity, with the influence degree of PAC (polyaluminium chloride) > AlCl3> Fe2(SO4)3. In synchronization dephosphorization, the inhibition rates of PAC in 10 ppm and 20 ppm are 11.9% and 33% respectively;while the inhibition rates of AlCl3 and Fe2(SO4)3 in 20 ppm are 15.8% and 8.5% respectively, compared with 9.6% and 5.4% in 10 ppm. Backwash wastewater from sand filter after adding coagulants has no direct inhibition effect on microorganism, but it results in inorganic components increase in active sludge. By taking North STP as an example, the VSS/SS ratio reduced from 0.65 after coagulants application to 0.54.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12147174 and 61835013)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2021YFA1400900,2021YFA0718300,and 2021YFA1400243).
文摘We study quantum synchronization under the nonequilibrium reservoirs.We consider a two-qubit XXZ chain coupled independently to their own reservoirs modeled by the collisional model.Two reservoir particles,initially prepared in a thermal state or a state with coherence,are correlated through a unitary transformation and afterward interact locally with the two quantum subsystems.We study the quantum effect of reservoir on synchronous dynamics of system.By preparing different reservoir initial states or manipulating the reservoir particles coupling and the temperature gradient,we find that quantum entanglement of reservoir is the key to control quantum synchronization of system qubits.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grants 62131005, 62071096in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant 2242022k60006+1 种基金in part by the National NSFC under Grant U19B2014in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan under Grant 2022NSFSC0495
文摘As modern electromagnetic environments are more and more complex,the anti-interference performance of the synchronization acquisition is becoming vital in wireless communications.With the rapid development of the digital signal processing technologies,some synchronization acquisition algorithms for hybrid direct-sequence(DS)/frequency hopping(FH)spread spectrum communications have been proposed.However,these algorithms do not focus on the analysis and the design of the synchronization acquisition under typical interferences.In this paper,a synchronization acquisition algorithm based on the frequency hopping pulses combining(FHPC)is proposed.Specifically,the proposed algorithm is composed of two modules:an adaptive interference suppression(IS)module and an adaptive combining decision module.The adaptive IS module mitigates the effect of the interfered samples in the time-domain or the frequencydomain,and the adaptive combining decision module can utilize each frequency hopping pulse to construct an anti-interference decision metric and generate an adaptive acquisition decision threshold to complete the acquisition.Theory and simulation demonstrate that the proposed algorithm significantly enhances the antiinterference and anti-noise performances of the synchronization acquisition for hybrid DS/FH communications.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Grant Nos.62171401 and 62071411).
文摘Research on discrete memristor-based neural networks has received much attention.However,current research mainly focuses on memristor–based discrete homogeneous neuron networks,while memristor-coupled discrete heterogeneous neuron networks are rarely reported.In this study,a new four-stable discrete locally active memristor is proposed and its nonvolatile and locally active properties are verified by its power-off plot and DC V–I diagram.Based on two-dimensional(2D)discrete Izhikevich neuron and 2D discrete Chialvo neuron,a heterogeneous discrete neuron network is constructed by using the proposed discrete memristor as a coupling synapse connecting the two heterogeneous neurons.Considering the coupling strength as the control parameter,chaotic firing,periodic firing,and hyperchaotic firing patterns are revealed.In particular,multiple coexisting firing patterns are observed,which are induced by different initial values of the memristor.Phase synchronization between the two heterogeneous neurons is discussed and it is found that they can achieve perfect synchronous at large coupling strength.Furthermore,the effect of Gaussian white noise on synchronization behaviors is also explored.We demonstrate that the presence of noise not only leads to the transition of firing patterns,but also achieves the phase synchronization between two heterogeneous neurons under low coupling strength.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.U1960202).
文摘The machine learning models of multiple linear regression(MLR),support vector regression(SVR),and extreme learning ma-chine(ELM)and the proposed ELM models of online sequential ELM(OS-ELM)and OS-ELM with forgetting mechanism(FOS-ELM)are applied in the prediction of the lime utilization ratio of dephosphorization in the basic oxygen furnace steelmaking process.The ELM model exhibites the best performance compared with the models of MLR and SVR.OS-ELM and FOS-ELM are applied for sequential learning and model updating.The optimal number of samples in validity term of the FOS-ELM model is determined to be 1500,with the smallest population mean absolute relative error(MARE)value of 0.058226 for the population.The variable importance analysis reveals lime weight,initial P content,and hot metal weight as the most important variables for the lime utilization ratio.The lime utilization ratio increases with the decrease in lime weight and the increases in the initial P content and hot metal weight.A prediction system based on FOS-ELM is applied in actual industrial production for one month.The hit ratios of the predicted lime utilization ratio in the error ranges of±1%,±3%,and±5%are 61.16%,90.63%,and 94.11%,respectively.The coefficient of determination,MARE,and root mean square error are 0.8670,0.06823,and 1.4265,respectively.The system exhibits desirable performance for applications in actual industrial pro-duction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61963033, 61866036, 62163035)the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang (2021D01D10)+1 种基金the Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Applied Mathematics (XJDX1401)the Special Project for Local Science and Technology Development Guided by the Central Government (ZYYD2022A05)。
文摘The fixed-time synchronization and preassigned-time synchronization are investigated for a class of quaternion-valued neural networks with time-varying delays and discontinuous activation functions. Unlike previous efforts that employed separation analysis and the real-valued control design, based on the quaternion-valued signum function and several related properties, a direct analytical method is proposed here and the quaternion-valued controllers are designed in order to discuss the fixed-time synchronization for the relevant quaternion-valued neural networks. In addition, the preassigned-time synchronization is investigated based on a quaternion-valued control design, where the synchronization time is preassigned and the control gains are finite. Compared with existing results, the direct method without separation developed in this article is beneficial in terms of simplifying theoretical analysis, and the proposed quaternion-valued control schemes are simpler and more effective than the traditional design, which adds four real-valued controllers. Finally, two numerical examples are given in order to support the theoretical results.
基金supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20220811,BK20202006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62203114,62273094)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe“Zhishan”Scholars Programs of South-east UniversityChina Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M 710684)Excellent Postdoctoral Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(2022ZB116)。
文摘Dear Editor, This letter deals with fixed-time synchronization(Fd-TS) of complex networks(CNs) under aperiodically intermittent control(AIC)for the first time. The average control rate and a new Lyapunov function are proposed to overcome the difficulty of dealing with fixedtime stability/synchronization of CNs for AIC.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.52120105008,52005026,52005025).
文摘In recent years,as a promising way to realize digital transformation,digital twin shop-floor(DTS)plays an impor-tant role in smart manufacturing.The core feature of DTS is the synchronization.How to implement and maintain the synchronization is critical for DTS.However,there is still a lack of a common definition for synchronization in DTS.Besides,a systematic synchronization mechanism for DTS is strongly needed.This paper first summarizes the defi-nition and requirements of synchronization in DTS,to clarify the understanding of synchronization in DTS.Then,a 5M synchronization mechanism for DTS is proposed,where 5M refers to multi-system data,multi-fidelity model,multi-resource state,multi-level state,and multi-stage operation.As a bottom-up synchronization mechanism,5M synchronization mechanism for DTS has the potential to support DTS to achieve and maintain physical-virtual state synchronization,and to realize operation synchronization of DTS.The implementation methods of 5M synchronization mechanism for DTS are also introduced.Finally,the proposed synchronization mechanism is validated in a digital twin satellite assembly shop-floor,which proves the effectiveness and feasibility of the mechanism.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11875135)。
文摘Coupled phase oscillators are adopted as powerful platforms in studying synchrony behaviors emerged in various systems with rhythmic dynamics. Much attention has been focused on coupled time-continuous oscillators described by differential equations. In this paper, we study the synchronization dynamics of networks of coupled circle maps as the discrete version of the Kuramoto model. Despite of its simplicity in mathematical form, it is found that discreteness may induce many interesting synchronization behaviors. Multiple synchronization and desynchronization transitions of both phases and frequencies are found with varying the coupling among circle-map oscillators. The mechanisms of these transitions are interpreted in terms of the mean-field approach, where collective bifurcation cascades are revealed for coupled circle-map oscillators.
文摘Explosive synchronization(ES)is a kind of first-order jump phenomenon that exists in physical and biological systems.In recent years,researchers have focused on ES between single-layer and multi-layer networks.Most research on complex networks with delay has focused on single-layer or double-layer networks,multi-layer networks are seldom explored.In this paper,we propose a Kuramoto model of frequency weights in multi-layer complex networks with delay and star connections between layers.Through theoretical analysis and numerical verification,the factors affecting the backward critical coupling strength are analyzed.The results show that the interaction between layers and the average node degree has a direct effect on the backward critical coupling strength of each layer network.The location of the delay,the size of the delay,the number of network layers,the number of nodes,and the network topology are revealed to have no direct impact on the backward critical coupling strength of the network.Delay is introduced to explore the influence of delay and other related parameters on ES.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11875135)。
文摘Coupled phase oscillators usually achieve synchronization as the coupling strength among oscillators is increased beyond a critical value. The stability of synchronous state remains an open issue. In this paper, we study the stability of the synchronous state in coupled phase oscillators. It is found that numerical integration of differential equations of coupled phase oscillators with a finite time step may induce desynchronization at strong couplings. The mechanism behind this instability is that numerical accumulated errors in simulations may trigger the loss of stability of the synchronous state.Desynchronization critical couplings are found to increase and diverge as a power law with decreasing the integral time step. Theoretical analysis supports the local stability of the synchronized state. Globally the emergence of synchronous state depends on the initial conditions. Other metastable ordered states such as twisted states can coexist with the synchronous mode. These twisted states keep locally stable on a sparse network but lose their stability when the network becomes dense.
基金Project supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61973064)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China (Grant Nos. F2019501126 and F2022501024)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province, China (Grant No. 2020-KF11-03)the Fund from Hong Kong Research Grants Council (Grant No. CityU11206320)。
文摘Noise and time delay are inevitable in real-world networks. In this article, the framework of master stability function is generalized to stochastic complex networks with time-delayed coupling. The focus is on the effects of noise, time delay,and their inner interactions on the network synchronization. It is found that when there exists time-delayed coupling in the network and noise diffuses through all state variables of nodes, appropriately increasing the noise intensity can effectively improve the network synchronizability;otherwise, noise can be either beneficial or harmful. For stochastic networks, large time delays will lead to desynchronization. These findings provide valuable references for designing optimal complex networks in practical applications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Grant Nos.62171401 and 62071411).
文摘A memristor-coupled heterogenous neural network consisting of two-dimensional(2D)FitzHugh–Nagumo(FHN)and Hindmarsh–Rose(HR)neurons with two time delays is established.Taking the time delays as the control parameters,the existence of Hopf bifurcation near the stable equilibrium point in four cases is derived theoretically,and the validity of the Hopf bifurcation condition is verified by numerical analysis.The results show that the two time delays can make the stable equilibrium point unstable,thus leading to periodic oscillations induced by Hopf bifurcation.Furthermore,the time delays in FHN and HR neurons have different effects on the firing activity of neural network.Complex firing patterns,such as quiescent state,chaotic spiking,and periodic spiking can be induced by the time delay in FHN neuron,while the neural network only exhibits quiescent state and periodic spiking with the change of the time delay in HR neuron.Especially,phase synchronization between the heterogeneous neurons is explored,and the results show that the time delay in HR neurons has a greater effect on blocking the synchronization than the time delay in FHN neuron.Finally,the theoretical analysis is verified by circuit simulations.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12062009)the Gansu National Science of Foundation,China(Grant No.20JR5RA473)。
文摘When charged bodies come up close to each other,the field energy is diffused and their states are regulated under bidirectional field coupling.For biological neurons,the diversity in intrinsic electric and magnetic field energy can create synaptic connection for fast energy balance and synaptic current is passed across the synapse channel;as a result,energy is pumped and exchanged to induce synchronous firing modes.In this paper,a capacitor is used to connect two neural circuits and energy propagation is activated along the coupling channel.The intrinsic field energy in the two neural circuits is exchanged and the coupling intensity is controlled adaptively using the Heaviside function.Some field energy is saved in the coupling channel and is then sent back to the coupled neural circuits to reach energy balance.Therefore the circuits can reach possible energy balance and complete synchronization.It is possible that the diffusive energy of the coupled neurons inspires the synaptic connections to grow stronger for possible energy balance.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12072236,12162002,and11802086)the Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(Grant No.NJYT-20-A09)the Program for Excellent Young Talents in Colleges and Universities of Anhui Province of China(Grant No.gxyq ZD2020077)。
文摘Different from the common delayed synchronization(DS)in which response appears after stimulation,anticipated synchronization(AS)in unidirectionally coupled neurons denotes a counterintuitive phenomenon in which response of the receiver neuron appears before stimulation of the sender neuron,showing an interesting function of brain to anticipate the future.The dynamical mechanism for the AS remains unclear due to complex dynamics of inhibitory and excitatory modulations.In this article,the paradoxical roles of excitatory synapse and inhibitory autapse in the formation of AS are acquired.Firstly,in addition to the common roles such that inhibitory modulation delays and excitatory modulation advances spike,paradoxical roles of excitatory stimulation to delay spike via type-II phase response and of inhibitory autapse to advance spike are obtained in suitable parameter regions,extending the dynamics and functions of the excitatory and inhibitory modulations.Secondly,AS is related to the paradoxical roles of the excitatory and inhibitory modulations,presenting deep understandings to the AS.Inhibitory autapse induces spike of the receiver neuron advanced to appear before that of the sender neuron at first,and then excitatory synapse plays a delay role to prevent the spike further advanced,resulting in the AS as the advance and delay effects realize a dynamic balance.Lastly,inhibitory autapse with strong advance,middle advance,and weak advance and delay effects induce phase drift(spike of the receiver neuron advances continuously),AS,and DS,respectively,presenting comprehensive relationships between AS and other behaviors.The results present potential measures to modulate AS related to brain function.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62071496, 61901530, and 62061008)the Innovation Project of Graduate of Central South University (Grant No. 2022zzts0681)。
文摘A novel fractional-order hyperchaotic complex system is proposed by introducing the Caputo fractional-order derivative operator and a constant term to the complex simplified Lorenz system. The proposed system has different numbers of equilibria for different ranges of parameters. The dynamics of the proposed system is investigated by means of phase portraits, Lyapunov exponents, bifurcation diagrams, and basins of attraction. The results show abundant dynamical characteristics. Particularly, the phenomena of extreme multistability as well as hidden attractors are discovered. In addition, the complex generalized projective synchronization is implemented between two fractional-order hyperchaotic complex systems with different fractional orders. Based on the fractional Lyapunov stability theorem, the synchronization controllers are designed, and the theoretical results are verified and demonstrated by numerical simulations. It lays the foundation for practical applications of the proposed system.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China (Grant Nos. 2022JJ30572, 2022JJ30160, and 2021JJ30671)the National Natural Science Foundations of China (Grant No. 62171401)the Key Project of Science and Technology of Shunde District (Grant No. 2130218002544)。
文摘At present, many neuron models have been proposed, which can be divided into discrete neuron models and continuous neuron models. Discrete neuron models have the advantage of faster simulation speed and the ease of understanding complex dynamic phenomena. Due to the properties of memorability, nonvolatility, and local activity, locally active discrete memristors(LADMs) are also suitable for simulating synapses. In this paper, we use an LADM to mimic synapses and establish a Rulkov neural network model. It is found that the change of coupling strength and the initial state of the LADM leads to multiple firing patterns of the neural network. In addition, considering the influence of neural network parameters and the initial state of the LADM, numerical analysis methods such as phase diagram and timing diagram are used to study the phase synchronization. As the system parameters and the initial states of the LADM change, the LADM coupled Rulkov neural network exhibits synchronization transition and synchronization coexistence.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801308)Henan Provincial Higher Education Key Research Project(21A210024)CMA·Henan Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Support and Applied Technique(AMF202109)。
文摘Abiotic stress such as high temperature at flowering is one of many conditions reducing yield of corn(Zea mays L.).Mixing corn cultivars with diverse functional traits increases within-crop diversity and provides a potential means of mitigating yield losses under stress conditions.We conducted a three-year field study to investigate the effects of cultivar mixtures on kernel setting rate,pollen sources,and yield.This study consisted of six treatments,including two high temperature-tolerant(HTT)monocrops of WK702 and DH701,two high temperature-sensitive(HTS)monocrops of DH605 and DH662,and two HTT–HTS mixtures of WK702-DH605 and DH701-DH662.The anthesis–silking interval(ASI)was 0.9–1.6 days shorter in mixtures than in monocrops.Kernel setting rate was increased in mixtures(86.4%–88.7%)compared with those in monocrops(74.7%–84.1%)as a result of synchrony and complementarity of pollination.Grain yields of the HTT–HTS mixtures increased by 13.3%–18.7%,equivalent to 1169 to1605 kg ha^(-1),in comparison with HTS corn monocrops.The results of SSR markers showed that crossfertilization percentage in corn cultivar mixtures ranged from 29.3%to 47.8%,partially explaining yield improvement.Land equivalent ratio(LER)was 1.12 for corn mixtures and the partial land equivalent ratio(e.g.,>0.5)showed the complementary benefits in corn mixtures.The results indicated that mixing corn cultivars with diverse flowering and drought-tolerance traits increased yields via pollination synchrony.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under(Grant Nos.62173175,12026235,12026234,61903170,11805091,61877033,61833005)by 111 Project under Grant B17040+2 种基金by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province under Grant Nos.ZR2019BF045,ZR2019MF021,ZR2019QF004by the Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program No.J18KA354by the Key Research and Development Project of Shandong Province of China,No.2019GGX101003.
文摘Fixed-time synchronization(FTS)of delayed memristor-based neural networks(MNNs)with discontinuous activations is studied in this paper.Both continuous and discontinuous activations are considered forMNNs.And the mixed delays which are closer to reality are taken into the system.Besides,two kinds of control schemes are proposed,including feedback and adaptive control strategies.Based on some lemmas,mathematical inequalities and the designed controllers,a few synchronization criteria are acquired.Moreover,the upper bound of settling time(ST)which is independent of the initial values is given.Finally,the feasibility of our theory is attested by simulation examples.
文摘This paper considers adaptive synchronization of uncertain neural networks with time delays and stochastic perturbation. A general adaptive controller is designed to deal with the difficulties deduced by uncertain parameters and stochastic perturbations, in which the controller is less conservative and optimal since its control gains can be automatically adjusted according to some designed update laws. Based on Lyapunov stability theory and Barbalat lemma, sufficient condition is obtained for synchronization of delayed neural networks by strict mathematical proof. Moreover, the obtained results of this paper are more general than most existing results of certainly neural networks with or without stochastic disturbances. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to substantiate our theoretical results.
