Objective:To evaluate the success rate of tuberculosis intervention programme at a specialist hospital in(?)badan,Nigeria through a retrospective study as well as carry out physicochemical evaluation of anti-tuberculo...Objective:To evaluate the success rate of tuberculosis intervention programme at a specialist hospital in(?)badan,Nigeria through a retrospective study as well as carry out physicochemical evaluation of anti-tuberculous agents as a way of eliminating drug-related failure.Methods:The retrospective study involved the use of quarterly tuberculosis central register at the Government Chest Hospital,(?)badan between 1st quarter(2003)to 4th quarter(2009).Relevant data were extracted from these register with the aid of data collection forms.The basic physicochemical analyses of the drugs given to the patients were also carried out using the International Pharmacopoeia methods.Results:All the drugs examined for their physicochemical properties passed the International Pharmacopeia recommended tests.A total number of 1 260 patients enrolled at the hospital were assessed through case notes.This comprises of 59.4%males of which69.23%new cases were also males.There was a significant(P<0.05)patient enrollment across the quarters for the seven years.An overall 80.24%cure rate over the 7-period was obtained which is less than the WHO target of 85%.Cure rates were better in females than males.Failure treatment outcomes such as positive(1.51%),deaths(8.73%),defaulted(3.33%)and transferred out(5.95%)were recorded though not statistically significant(P>0.05).Failure rates in all categories were higher in males than females(P>0.05).Conclusions:More enlightenment and counseling is still required to meet up with the target for TB control.展开更多
Backgroud: The burden of TB and HIV infection is estimated to be about 512/100,000 and 3,000,000 people respectively. However, accurate data on TB/HIV co-morbidity in different parts of Nigeria were not available due ...Backgroud: The burden of TB and HIV infection is estimated to be about 512/100,000 and 3,000,000 people respectively. However, accurate data on TB/HIV co-morbidity in different parts of Nigeria were not available due to limited access to HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT) by individuals with TB infection. This study was designed to determine the true rate of HIV infection among newly diagnosed TB patients by providing comprehensive HCT services in 43 DOTS centers in Oyo State, Southwestern Nigeria. Methods: All patients meeting the case definition for TB suspects who presented at each of the 43 DOTS Centres were counselled and those who consented tested for presence of HIV antibodies using HIV 1/2 Determine, Unigold and Stat-Pak rapid test kits in a serial algorithm. Results: A total of 13,109 TB positive patients were enrolled for the study, out of which 1605 (12.3%) tested positive for HIV antibodies. HIV infection was higher among female (15.5%) than male (9.5%) TB patients (p 0.05). The rates also varied among the age groups, ranging from 4.3% in the 10 - 19 years to 18.0% in the 40 - 49 years age group. A relatively high rate (10.5%) of HIV infection was found among children less than ten years of age. Conclusion: The results of this work show the true burden of TB/HIV in any region in Nigeria for the first time. Higher rate of TB/HIV co-infection among female patients and children are significant and important factors that should be considered in the planning of intervention measures in Nigeria and other TB and HIV endemic countries in Africa.展开更多
Background: Despite the availability of highly effective treatment for decades, Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem in Nigeria due to the increasing association between HIV and TB observed over the past t...Background: Despite the availability of highly effective treatment for decades, Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem in Nigeria due to the increasing association between HIV and TB observed over the past three decades when HIV was discovered. However, the proportion of TB and or TB/HIV co-infected patients who have successful TB treatment outcome is not well known. This study determined the treatment outcome of TB/HIV co-infected patients with HIV negative patients in two states in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of secondary data from eight Directly Observed Treatment Short (DOTS) course and Anti- Retroviral Therapy (ART) service providers in Benue and Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Nigeria, was carried out. The period under review covers January, 2010 to December, 2013. Results: Out of the total 5266 TB cases reviewed, the HIV prevalence rate was 52%. They were predominantly (53.3%) male with mean age of 34.4 years (SD = 15.1 years). More than two-third (72.5%) of HIV-negative patients had successful treatment compared to 1718 (62.7%) HIV-positive patients. Of the 2334 HIV co-infected patients, 19.5% defaulted, 11.5% had died, 5.6% were transferred out and 0.7% failed treatment compared to HIV-negative patients amongst whom 18.3% defaulted, 3.6% died, 3.9% were transferred out and 1.6% failed treatment (p Conclusion: The favourable treatment outcome of HIV-negative patients is more than that of HIV-positive patients and the most probable predictable factor responsible is the CD4 count of patient;indicating that TB/HIV co-infection has remained a major public health problem in Benue state and FCT. Hence there is the need for sustained strengthening and expansion of the national TB/HIV programmes.展开更多
Objective:To study the prevalence and cure rate of tuberculosis(TB) and the people affected by TB in selected areas,considering different factors like age,sex,percentage of people affected,dosage forms,role of hospita...Objective:To study the prevalence and cure rate of tuberculosis(TB) and the people affected by TB in selected areas,considering different factors like age,sex,percentage of people affected,dosage forms,role of hospitals, and patient category.Methods:A detailed survey was carried out in and around Perinthalmanna and Wayanad(Urban and Rural) to understand the burden and overall trend of TB in our locality and how effective our TB control programme.More than 250 treatment cards were collected from the Government hospitals and TB Sanatorium.Results:In the study,at Perinthalmanna and Wayanad,out of 250 TB patients it was found that males is more susceptible than females,rural area accounting for the greater proportion of TB patients. Greater proportion were affected with pulmonary than extra pulmonary Tuberculosis.The incidence of tuberculosis in different age groups varied according to the area.Half proportion in both rural and urban areas were belonging to categoryⅡfollowed by categoryⅢ.Conclusion:The nature and magnitude of TB is more in rural area than urban area mainly because of the lack of awareness of the severity of disease and improper follow up of preventive measures.Our study suggests that the combined and committed efforts of government,non government organizations,medical and paramedical professional and society is required at large,to reach all patients and ensure that they receive high quality care.展开更多
文摘Objective:To evaluate the success rate of tuberculosis intervention programme at a specialist hospital in(?)badan,Nigeria through a retrospective study as well as carry out physicochemical evaluation of anti-tuberculous agents as a way of eliminating drug-related failure.Methods:The retrospective study involved the use of quarterly tuberculosis central register at the Government Chest Hospital,(?)badan between 1st quarter(2003)to 4th quarter(2009).Relevant data were extracted from these register with the aid of data collection forms.The basic physicochemical analyses of the drugs given to the patients were also carried out using the International Pharmacopoeia methods.Results:All the drugs examined for their physicochemical properties passed the International Pharmacopeia recommended tests.A total number of 1 260 patients enrolled at the hospital were assessed through case notes.This comprises of 59.4%males of which69.23%new cases were also males.There was a significant(P<0.05)patient enrollment across the quarters for the seven years.An overall 80.24%cure rate over the 7-period was obtained which is less than the WHO target of 85%.Cure rates were better in females than males.Failure treatment outcomes such as positive(1.51%),deaths(8.73%),defaulted(3.33%)and transferred out(5.95%)were recorded though not statistically significant(P>0.05).Failure rates in all categories were higher in males than females(P>0.05).Conclusions:More enlightenment and counseling is still required to meet up with the target for TB control.
文摘Backgroud: The burden of TB and HIV infection is estimated to be about 512/100,000 and 3,000,000 people respectively. However, accurate data on TB/HIV co-morbidity in different parts of Nigeria were not available due to limited access to HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT) by individuals with TB infection. This study was designed to determine the true rate of HIV infection among newly diagnosed TB patients by providing comprehensive HCT services in 43 DOTS centers in Oyo State, Southwestern Nigeria. Methods: All patients meeting the case definition for TB suspects who presented at each of the 43 DOTS Centres were counselled and those who consented tested for presence of HIV antibodies using HIV 1/2 Determine, Unigold and Stat-Pak rapid test kits in a serial algorithm. Results: A total of 13,109 TB positive patients were enrolled for the study, out of which 1605 (12.3%) tested positive for HIV antibodies. HIV infection was higher among female (15.5%) than male (9.5%) TB patients (p 0.05). The rates also varied among the age groups, ranging from 4.3% in the 10 - 19 years to 18.0% in the 40 - 49 years age group. A relatively high rate (10.5%) of HIV infection was found among children less than ten years of age. Conclusion: The results of this work show the true burden of TB/HIV in any region in Nigeria for the first time. Higher rate of TB/HIV co-infection among female patients and children are significant and important factors that should be considered in the planning of intervention measures in Nigeria and other TB and HIV endemic countries in Africa.
文摘Background: Despite the availability of highly effective treatment for decades, Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem in Nigeria due to the increasing association between HIV and TB observed over the past three decades when HIV was discovered. However, the proportion of TB and or TB/HIV co-infected patients who have successful TB treatment outcome is not well known. This study determined the treatment outcome of TB/HIV co-infected patients with HIV negative patients in two states in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of secondary data from eight Directly Observed Treatment Short (DOTS) course and Anti- Retroviral Therapy (ART) service providers in Benue and Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Nigeria, was carried out. The period under review covers January, 2010 to December, 2013. Results: Out of the total 5266 TB cases reviewed, the HIV prevalence rate was 52%. They were predominantly (53.3%) male with mean age of 34.4 years (SD = 15.1 years). More than two-third (72.5%) of HIV-negative patients had successful treatment compared to 1718 (62.7%) HIV-positive patients. Of the 2334 HIV co-infected patients, 19.5% defaulted, 11.5% had died, 5.6% were transferred out and 0.7% failed treatment compared to HIV-negative patients amongst whom 18.3% defaulted, 3.6% died, 3.9% were transferred out and 1.6% failed treatment (p Conclusion: The favourable treatment outcome of HIV-negative patients is more than that of HIV-positive patients and the most probable predictable factor responsible is the CD4 count of patient;indicating that TB/HIV co-infection has remained a major public health problem in Benue state and FCT. Hence there is the need for sustained strengthening and expansion of the national TB/HIV programmes.
文摘Objective:To study the prevalence and cure rate of tuberculosis(TB) and the people affected by TB in selected areas,considering different factors like age,sex,percentage of people affected,dosage forms,role of hospitals, and patient category.Methods:A detailed survey was carried out in and around Perinthalmanna and Wayanad(Urban and Rural) to understand the burden and overall trend of TB in our locality and how effective our TB control programme.More than 250 treatment cards were collected from the Government hospitals and TB Sanatorium.Results:In the study,at Perinthalmanna and Wayanad,out of 250 TB patients it was found that males is more susceptible than females,rural area accounting for the greater proportion of TB patients. Greater proportion were affected with pulmonary than extra pulmonary Tuberculosis.The incidence of tuberculosis in different age groups varied according to the area.Half proportion in both rural and urban areas were belonging to categoryⅡfollowed by categoryⅢ.Conclusion:The nature and magnitude of TB is more in rural area than urban area mainly because of the lack of awareness of the severity of disease and improper follow up of preventive measures.Our study suggests that the combined and committed efforts of government,non government organizations,medical and paramedical professional and society is required at large,to reach all patients and ensure that they receive high quality care.
