In-situ conversion presents a promising technique for exploiting continental oil shale formations,characterized by highly fractured organic-rich rock.A 3D in-situ conversion model,which incorporates a discrete fractur...In-situ conversion presents a promising technique for exploiting continental oil shale formations,characterized by highly fractured organic-rich rock.A 3D in-situ conversion model,which incorporates a discrete fracture network,is developed using a self-developed thermal-flow-chemical(TFC)simulator.Analysis of the model elucidates the in-situ conversion process in three stages and defines the transformation of fluids into three distinct outcomes according to their end stages.The findings indicate that kerogen decomposition increases fluid pressure,activating fractures and subsequently enhancing permeability.A comprehensive analysis of activated fracture permeability and heating power reveals four distinct production modes,highlighting that increasing heating power correlates with higher cumulative fluid production.Activated fractures,with heightened permeability,facilitate the mobility of heavy oil toward production wells but hinder its cracking,thereby limiting light hydrocarbon production.Additionally,energy efficiency research demonstrates the feasibility of the in-situ conversion in terms of energy utilization,especially when considering the surplus energy from high-fluctuation energy sources such as wind and solar power to provide heating.展开更多
目的研究山茶花总黄酮(TFC)对大鼠全脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法按pu lsinelli方法制成全脑缺血模型,大鼠全脑缺血30 m in后再灌注40 m in。记录脑缺血前、缺血30 m in及再灌注40 m in后的脑电图(EEG),取脑组织,采用荧光指示剂Fur...目的研究山茶花总黄酮(TFC)对大鼠全脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法按pu lsinelli方法制成全脑缺血模型,大鼠全脑缺血30 m in后再灌注40 m in。记录脑缺血前、缺血30 m in及再灌注40 m in后的脑电图(EEG),取脑组织,采用荧光指示剂Fura-2定量测定大鼠前脑皮层组织细胞内游离钙离子浓度,测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性和丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)含量。结果TFC可促进缺血后EEG波幅的恢复,降低缺血再灌后细胞内游离钙离子浓度的升高,抑制SOD、GSH-Px和LDH活力的下降,降低NOS的活力和脑组织中MDA、NO的含量。结论TFC对脑缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用,其机制可能与其抗自由基、抑制钙超载和NO生成有关。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.42090023)the Alliance of International Science Organization (ANSO)Scholarship for Young Talents+3 种基金the Key Deployment Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (YJKYYQ20190043,ZDBS-LY-DQC003,KFZD-SW-422,ZDRW-ZS-2021-3-1)the Scientific Research and Technology Development Project of China National Petroleum Corpo ration (2022DJ5503)the CAS Key Technology Talent ProgramSupercomputing Laboratory,IGGCAS。
文摘In-situ conversion presents a promising technique for exploiting continental oil shale formations,characterized by highly fractured organic-rich rock.A 3D in-situ conversion model,which incorporates a discrete fracture network,is developed using a self-developed thermal-flow-chemical(TFC)simulator.Analysis of the model elucidates the in-situ conversion process in three stages and defines the transformation of fluids into three distinct outcomes according to their end stages.The findings indicate that kerogen decomposition increases fluid pressure,activating fractures and subsequently enhancing permeability.A comprehensive analysis of activated fracture permeability and heating power reveals four distinct production modes,highlighting that increasing heating power correlates with higher cumulative fluid production.Activated fractures,with heightened permeability,facilitate the mobility of heavy oil toward production wells but hinder its cracking,thereby limiting light hydrocarbon production.Additionally,energy efficiency research demonstrates the feasibility of the in-situ conversion in terms of energy utilization,especially when considering the surplus energy from high-fluctuation energy sources such as wind and solar power to provide heating.
文摘目的研究山茶花总黄酮(TFC)对大鼠全脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法按pu lsinelli方法制成全脑缺血模型,大鼠全脑缺血30 m in后再灌注40 m in。记录脑缺血前、缺血30 m in及再灌注40 m in后的脑电图(EEG),取脑组织,采用荧光指示剂Fura-2定量测定大鼠前脑皮层组织细胞内游离钙离子浓度,测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性和丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)含量。结果TFC可促进缺血后EEG波幅的恢复,降低缺血再灌后细胞内游离钙离子浓度的升高,抑制SOD、GSH-Px和LDH活力的下降,降低NOS的活力和脑组织中MDA、NO的含量。结论TFC对脑缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用,其机制可能与其抗自由基、抑制钙超载和NO生成有关。
