This article continued to do the scholastic pursuits on some profound mechanisms in the life systems, which are believed to be related to the further development of Medical Informatics. It discussed at first the struc...This article continued to do the scholastic pursuits on some profound mechanisms in the life systems, which are believed to be related to the further development of Medical Informatics. It discussed at first the structural nature of things, then probed a principle which is a basis for both of the fractal theory and the wavelet analysis, being called the shape-constancy law of the basic constructors at the different scale levels. And the paper also ventured the equivalency between the shape of wave and matrix, thus presented a new concept “shaped-number”, being expected to work in the operations of some bio-medical functions or shapes.展开更多
This paper presented some philosophic viewpoints of the Theory of BMKI (The Theory of Biomedical Knowledge Integration), a new exploration in BioMedica l Informatics. It discussed an evolutional relation from proposit...This paper presented some philosophic viewpoints of the Theory of BMKI (The Theory of Biomedical Knowledge Integration), a new exploration in BioMedica l Informatics. It discussed an evolutional relation from propositional calculus, predicate calculus, through framework, to neural network.. The differences in e xclusivity and other natures were explored for physical systems(the real world), quasi-physical systems(the copies of the real world) and mental systems(the abs tracts of the real world). Based on their behaviours in cognitive sciences and k nowledge engineering, the new concepts quasi-infinity or -infinitesimal,potentia l knowledge,dynamic knowledge were introduced. This paper has also described so called "big-or" space which is the base of scientific understanding or associati on. Furthermore the paper put forward the viewpoint that "reasoning only can imp lement in an axiomatic space" and then outlined the building processes of such k ind of space. At last so called "beacon-and-compass strategy" in BMKI was introd uced.展开更多
This article continued to do the scholastic pursuits on some profound mechanisms in the life systems, which are believed to be related to the further development of Medical Informatics. It discussed at first the struc...This article continued to do the scholastic pursuits on some profound mechanisms in the life systems, which are believed to be related to the further development of Medical Informatics. It discussed at first the structural nature of things, then probed a principle which is a basis for both of the fractal theory and the wavelet analysis, being called the shape-constancy law of the basic constructors at the different scale levels. And the paper also ventured the equivalency between the shape of wave and matrix, thus presented a new concept "shaped-number", being expected to work in the operations of some bio-medical functions or shapes.展开更多
This paper introduced the following new concepts:the cognitive goal, the cognitive goal for the declarative data of the patient records (PRs), The basic attributes of PR’s data at the sides of generation, constructio...This paper introduced the following new concepts:the cognitive goal, the cognitive goal for the declarative data of the patient records (PRs), The basic attributes of PR’s data at the sides of generation, construction and cognition, the generalized data creator (GDC), type Ⅰ to Ⅵ+ of GDC, the cognitive directions of data: forward direction and backward direction, the apparent cognitive orientation and inapparent cognitive orientation, the cognitive granularity difference principle between the natural intelligence and the artificial intelligence, the generalized variable(GVAR) and the generalized value(GVAL), the variable and value transitivity law(V-V transitivity law), the attribute-combination irreversibility between the concept abstracting and embodying, an open model of the launching engine of bio-medical cognition,展开更多
This paper pointed out, in the cognitive or semantic processes, the data of EHR reflect their physical nature, which makes mathematics and informatics of less computing capability. Based on this argument a new concept...This paper pointed out, in the cognitive or semantic processes, the data of EHR reflect their physical nature, which makes mathematics and informatics of less computing capability. Based on this argument a new concept cognitive segment (CS), which is considered with having both physical and formalized quality, was introduced. Centered on CS, the paper presented a series of new basic concepts and their definitions, a set of symbols and expressions, and afterwards explored the types, quasi-formalized expressions, mapping nature, methodology for operations, two distinguished differences, commonsensible background analyses, cognitive dimension regression, supervising function of CSs.展开更多
Computational techniques have been adopted in medi-cal and biological systems for a long time. There is no doubt that the development and application of computational methods will render great help in better understan...Computational techniques have been adopted in medi-cal and biological systems for a long time. There is no doubt that the development and application of computational methods will render great help in better understanding biomedical and biological functions. Large amounts of datasets have been produced by biomedical and biological experiments and simulations. In order for researchers to gain knowledge from origi- nal data, nontrivial transformation is necessary, which is regarded as a critical link in the chain of knowledge acquisition, sharing, and reuse. Challenges that have been encountered include: how to efficiently and effectively represent human knowledge in formal computing models, how to take advantage of semantic text mining techniques rather than traditional syntactic text mining, and how to handle security issues during the knowledge sharing and reuse. This paper summarizes the state-of-the-art in these research directions. We aim to provide readers with an introduction of major computing themes to be applied to the medical and biological research.展开更多
This article discussed the basic three components of an information unit(IU), ie the Carrier(C), Feature(F) and Value(V), and presented and several different types of feature, including the static, relation and proces...This article discussed the basic three components of an information unit(IU), ie the Carrier(C), Feature(F) and Value(V), and presented and several different types of feature, including the static, relation and process features(SF ,RF and PF respectively). It also discussed about the knowledge for statistical group(KP) and for individual(KI) and the transformation mechanisms between them. Then both the philosophy and application attributes of ontology have been explored and two new concepts, ie ontology of existence(EO) and ontology of application(OA) were created. The paper gave an integrated sketch of the whole medical knowledge engineering cause, which is thought to be composed of three areas: conceptual, experimental and compass-beakon ontoloies (CO, EO, CBO, respectively). And based on those considerations BMKI achieved its fundamental formula.展开更多
Experience includes explicit and tacit knowledge. Explicit knowledge is from a person＇s ＂espoused theory＂ which is what a person believes and claims to follow. Tacit knowledge is from a person＇s ＂theory-in-use＂ ...Experience includes explicit and tacit knowledge. Explicit knowledge is from a person＇s ＂espoused theory＂ which is what a person believes and claims to follow. Tacit knowledge is from a person＇s ＂theory-in-use＂ which lies behind a person＇s action or behavior. The knowledge of teaching demonstrated in the classroom can be referred to as tacit knowledge or theory-in-use which is often the theory behind the practice of experienced teachers. Freema Elbaz （1983） points out that the ＂experience＂ is referred to as ＂practical knowledge＂, which ＂provides the basis for a conceptualization which sees the teacher as possessing valuable resources＂ （6） and allows teachers to explicitly indicate and tacitly demonstrate their experience in teaching. The purpose of the study is to investigate how experienced college instructors apply their good teaching qualities to teaching social studies. The participants are three experienced college instructors teaching social studies. A concept map and a final reflection are used to elicit experienced instructors＇ personal epistemology in teaching social studies and their perception of technology use in the classroom. Each participant was asked to generate nine good teaching qualities and draw their concept map based on the nine qualities. Their concept maps reflected their theory-in-use and showed the relationship among their teaching qualities by displaying them together in a graphic form and how each teaching quality is connected to another. Participants＇ technology use was also explored to get their perception of the role of technology and their actual use of it in teaching. Then they were asked to validate their concept map data and reflect on their classroom teaching and use of technology. The findings show the three instructors taught under different schema and decided what their means and ends should be and how technology can help facilitate teaching and learning. However, most of them seemed to treat the content （e.g., democracy education） as their ends and thus used pedagogy （e.g., technology） as the means to reach the ends. Their technology use also reflected their perception of technology in teaching and revealed their limited understanding of technology integration, which leads to potential problems.展开更多
文摘This article continued to do the scholastic pursuits on some profound mechanisms in the life systems, which are believed to be related to the further development of Medical Informatics. It discussed at first the structural nature of things, then probed a principle which is a basis for both of the fractal theory and the wavelet analysis, being called the shape-constancy law of the basic constructors at the different scale levels. And the paper also ventured the equivalency between the shape of wave and matrix, thus presented a new concept “shaped-number”, being expected to work in the operations of some bio-medical functions or shapes.
文摘This paper presented some philosophic viewpoints of the Theory of BMKI (The Theory of Biomedical Knowledge Integration), a new exploration in BioMedica l Informatics. It discussed an evolutional relation from propositional calculus, predicate calculus, through framework, to neural network.. The differences in e xclusivity and other natures were explored for physical systems(the real world), quasi-physical systems(the copies of the real world) and mental systems(the abs tracts of the real world). Based on their behaviours in cognitive sciences and k nowledge engineering, the new concepts quasi-infinity or -infinitesimal,potentia l knowledge,dynamic knowledge were introduced. This paper has also described so called "big-or" space which is the base of scientific understanding or associati on. Furthermore the paper put forward the viewpoint that "reasoning only can imp lement in an axiomatic space" and then outlined the building processes of such k ind of space. At last so called "beacon-and-compass strategy" in BMKI was introd uced.
文摘This article continued to do the scholastic pursuits on some profound mechanisms in the life systems, which are believed to be related to the further development of Medical Informatics. It discussed at first the structural nature of things, then probed a principle which is a basis for both of the fractal theory and the wavelet analysis, being called the shape-constancy law of the basic constructors at the different scale levels. And the paper also ventured the equivalency between the shape of wave and matrix, thus presented a new concept "shaped-number", being expected to work in the operations of some bio-medical functions or shapes.
文摘This paper introduced the following new concepts:the cognitive goal, the cognitive goal for the declarative data of the patient records (PRs), The basic attributes of PR’s data at the sides of generation, construction and cognition, the generalized data creator (GDC), type Ⅰ to Ⅵ+ of GDC, the cognitive directions of data: forward direction and backward direction, the apparent cognitive orientation and inapparent cognitive orientation, the cognitive granularity difference principle between the natural intelligence and the artificial intelligence, the generalized variable(GVAR) and the generalized value(GVAL), the variable and value transitivity law(V-V transitivity law), the attribute-combination irreversibility between the concept abstracting and embodying, an open model of the launching engine of bio-medical cognition,
文摘This paper pointed out, in the cognitive or semantic processes, the data of EHR reflect their physical nature, which makes mathematics and informatics of less computing capability. Based on this argument a new concept cognitive segment (CS), which is considered with having both physical and formalized quality, was introduced. Centered on CS, the paper presented a series of new basic concepts and their definitions, a set of symbols and expressions, and afterwards explored the types, quasi-formalized expressions, mapping nature, methodology for operations, two distinguished differences, commonsensible background analyses, cognitive dimension regression, supervising function of CSs.
文摘Computational techniques have been adopted in medi-cal and biological systems for a long time. There is no doubt that the development and application of computational methods will render great help in better understanding biomedical and biological functions. Large amounts of datasets have been produced by biomedical and biological experiments and simulations. In order for researchers to gain knowledge from origi- nal data, nontrivial transformation is necessary, which is regarded as a critical link in the chain of knowledge acquisition, sharing, and reuse. Challenges that have been encountered include: how to efficiently and effectively represent human knowledge in formal computing models, how to take advantage of semantic text mining techniques rather than traditional syntactic text mining, and how to handle security issues during the knowledge sharing and reuse. This paper summarizes the state-of-the-art in these research directions. We aim to provide readers with an introduction of major computing themes to be applied to the medical and biological research.
文摘This article discussed the basic three components of an information unit(IU), ie the Carrier(C), Feature(F) and Value(V), and presented and several different types of feature, including the static, relation and process features(SF ,RF and PF respectively). It also discussed about the knowledge for statistical group(KP) and for individual(KI) and the transformation mechanisms between them. Then both the philosophy and application attributes of ontology have been explored and two new concepts, ie ontology of existence(EO) and ontology of application(OA) were created. The paper gave an integrated sketch of the whole medical knowledge engineering cause, which is thought to be composed of three areas: conceptual, experimental and compass-beakon ontoloies (CO, EO, CBO, respectively). And based on those considerations BMKI achieved its fundamental formula.
文摘Experience includes explicit and tacit knowledge. Explicit knowledge is from a person＇s ＂espoused theory＂ which is what a person believes and claims to follow. Tacit knowledge is from a person＇s ＂theory-in-use＂ which lies behind a person＇s action or behavior. The knowledge of teaching demonstrated in the classroom can be referred to as tacit knowledge or theory-in-use which is often the theory behind the practice of experienced teachers. Freema Elbaz （1983） points out that the ＂experience＂ is referred to as ＂practical knowledge＂, which ＂provides the basis for a conceptualization which sees the teacher as possessing valuable resources＂ （6） and allows teachers to explicitly indicate and tacitly demonstrate their experience in teaching. The purpose of the study is to investigate how experienced college instructors apply their good teaching qualities to teaching social studies. The participants are three experienced college instructors teaching social studies. A concept map and a final reflection are used to elicit experienced instructors＇ personal epistemology in teaching social studies and their perception of technology use in the classroom. Each participant was asked to generate nine good teaching qualities and draw their concept map based on the nine qualities. Their concept maps reflected their theory-in-use and showed the relationship among their teaching qualities by displaying them together in a graphic form and how each teaching quality is connected to another. Participants＇ technology use was also explored to get their perception of the role of technology and their actual use of it in teaching. Then they were asked to validate their concept map data and reflect on their classroom teaching and use of technology. The findings show the three instructors taught under different schema and decided what their means and ends should be and how technology can help facilitate teaching and learning. However, most of them seemed to treat the content （e.g., democracy education） as their ends and thus used pedagogy （e.g., technology） as the means to reach the ends. Their technology use also reflected their perception of technology in teaching and revealed their limited understanding of technology integration, which leads to potential problems.
