According to studies,neuroinflammation is increasingly being linked to the development of major depressive disorder(MDD).In response to inflammatory stimuli,brain microglia,which are immune cells,can change into react...According to studies,neuroinflammation is increasingly being linked to the development of major depressive disorder(MDD).In response to inflammatory stimuli,brain microglia,which are immune cells,can change into reactive states.Because of this,microglia play an essentiall role in the early stages of neuroinflammation.Experiments have shown that microglia are able to detect infected or damaged cells,which then activates a cytotoxic response that further exacerbates the harm to brain cells.It has been proven that microglia are quite good at recognizing infections and damaged cells.Microglia,on the other hand,have been found to respond in a number of ways to injury and may even help regenerate damaged tissues.Chronic activation of microglia has been observed in persons with MDD.Deficits in neuroplasticity have been linked to depression,and recent studies show that this may be related to changes in microglia shape and function brought on by either excessive inflammatory activity or the natural aging process.Changing the phenotype of microglia by regulation of inflammatory pathways may be necessary for harnessing neuroinflammation in MDD.Recent research has linked several microglial phenotypes to individual metabolic pathways,showing that energy metabolism plays a pivotal role in coordinating microglial activity.In this study,we investigate whether or not traditional pro-inflammatory,anti-inflammatory,and metabolic pathways in microglia can be used as novel therapeutic routes for regulating neuroinflammation in brain diseases.The focus of this essay is on MDD,although we will also discuss related mental health issues.展开更多
文摘According to studies,neuroinflammation is increasingly being linked to the development of major depressive disorder(MDD).In response to inflammatory stimuli,brain microglia,which are immune cells,can change into reactive states.Because of this,microglia play an essentiall role in the early stages of neuroinflammation.Experiments have shown that microglia are able to detect infected or damaged cells,which then activates a cytotoxic response that further exacerbates the harm to brain cells.It has been proven that microglia are quite good at recognizing infections and damaged cells.Microglia,on the other hand,have been found to respond in a number of ways to injury and may even help regenerate damaged tissues.Chronic activation of microglia has been observed in persons with MDD.Deficits in neuroplasticity have been linked to depression,and recent studies show that this may be related to changes in microglia shape and function brought on by either excessive inflammatory activity or the natural aging process.Changing the phenotype of microglia by regulation of inflammatory pathways may be necessary for harnessing neuroinflammation in MDD.Recent research has linked several microglial phenotypes to individual metabolic pathways,showing that energy metabolism plays a pivotal role in coordinating microglial activity.In this study,we investigate whether or not traditional pro-inflammatory,anti-inflammatory,and metabolic pathways in microglia can be used as novel therapeutic routes for regulating neuroinflammation in brain diseases.The focus of this essay is on MDD,although we will also discuss related mental health issues.
