Objective:To analyze the therapeutic response and safety of different treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis,received by patients in the Program for the Study and Control of Tropical Diseases-PECET-Medellín-Colom...Objective:To analyze the therapeutic response and safety of different treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis,received by patients in the Program for the Study and Control of Tropical Diseases-PECET-Medellín-Colombia.Methods:This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients attended at PECET Research Center during 2016-2021.Relevant information regarding sociodemographic characteristics,history of leishmaniasis,characterization of current infection,treatment received,follow-up of therapeutic response and safety was collected from the medical records.Data were analyzed with Pearson's Chi-square association tests and Mann-Whitney U test using statistical software.Results:A total of 486 clinical records of patients were analyzed,and 356 received treatment.Eight different therapeutic alternatives(systemic,local and in combination)were analyzed.The therapeutic response of the different alternatives used(except thermotherapy)was higher than 50%.Most frequent adverse events were myalgias,arthralgias and headache,and vesicles for systemic and local treatment,respectively.Conclusions:Safety profile and performance of local therapeutic alternatives and combined schemes for the treatment of uncomplicated cutaneous leishmaniasis are an interesting option for the management of the disease.展开更多
Background and Aims:The impact of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)on the treatment outcome of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)is undefined and deserves an in-depth investigation.Methods:Histologically-proven CHB receiv...Background and Aims:The impact of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)on the treatment outcome of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)is undefined and deserves an in-depth investigation.Methods:Histologically-proven CHB receiving first-line antiviral regimens as initial therapy was enrolled and grouped by the concurrence of NAFLD,and followed up at six monthly intervals.Therapeutic response related data were recorded and compared at multiple time points.Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were utilized to estimate the impact of NAFLD on complete virological response(CVR).Results:We enrolled 267 patients(CHB:164;CHB with NAFLD:103)with comparable follow-up durations.They were also comparable in baseline HBV DNA levels and HBeAg positivity.Patients with concomitant NAFLD showed less significant decline in HBV DNA,qHBsAg,pgRNA,and liver enzyme levels over time;moreover,their cumulative incidences of CVR were significantly lower and that of low-level viremia(LLV)were significantly higher at 6,12,18,24 months.First CVR of CHB was delayed with the presence NAFLD(11.0 vs.7.0 months,p<0.001)and further prolonged with higher grade of liver steatosis(Grade 2–3 vs.1:13.0 vs.9.0 months).On multivariate analysis,HBeAg positivity(HR:0.650,p=0.036),grade of steatosis(G2[HR:0.447,p=0.004];G3[HR:0.085,p=0.002])and HBV DNA(log10 IU/mL)(HR:0.687,p<0.001)were significantly associated with delayed CVR,whereas grade of necroinflammation(HR:1.758,p<0.001)accelerated the CVR.Conclusions:In CHB patients receiving initial antiviral therapy,NAFLD was associated with higher levels of HBV DNA,pgRNA,and liver enzymes,and higher incidence of LLV and delayed CVR.展开更多
Several types of modifications have been proven to participate in the metabolism and processing of different RNA types,including non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs).N-6-methyladenosine(m6A)is a dynamic and reversible RNA modifica...Several types of modifications have been proven to participate in the metabolism and processing of different RNA types,including non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs).N-6-methyladenosine(m6A)is a dynamic and reversible RNA modification that is closely involved in the ncRNA homeostasis,and serves as a crucial regulator for multiple cancer-associated signaling pathways.The ncRNAs usually regulate the epigenetic modification,mRNA transcription and other biological processes,displaying enormous roles in human cancers.In this review,we summarized the significant implications of m6A-ncRNA interaction in various types of cancers.In particular,the interplay between m6A and ncRNAs in cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic resistance are being widely recognized.We also discussed the relevance of m6A-ncRNA interaction in immune regulation,followed by the interference on cancer immunotherapeutic procedures.In addition,we briefly highlighted the computation tools that could identify the accurate features of m6A methylome among ncRNAs.In summary,this review would pave the way for a better understanding of the biological functions of m6A-ncRNA crosstalk in cancer research and treatment.展开更多
Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death that is characterized by the accumulation of iron‐dependent lipid peroxidation.Research on ferroptosis has seen exponential growth over the past few years.Tumor ce...Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death that is characterized by the accumulation of iron‐dependent lipid peroxidation.Research on ferroptosis has seen exponential growth over the past few years.Tumor cells are strongly dependent on iron for their growth,which makes them develop mechanisms to increase iron uptake and inhibit iron output,thereby completing iron accumulation.Ferroptosis can be induced or inhibited by various stresses through multiple mechanisms,making it stands at the crossroads of stresses related cancer cell fate determination.In this review,we give a brief summary of ferroptosis hallmarks and provide a systematic analysis of the current molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks of diverse stress conditions on ferroptosis.We also discuss the relationships between ferroptosis and cancer therapy responses to further understand potential targets and therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.展开更多
Gastrointestinal cancer(GIC)has high morbidity and mortality as one of the main causes of cancer death.Preoperative risk stratification is critical to guide patient management,but traditional imaging studies have diff...Gastrointestinal cancer(GIC)has high morbidity and mortality as one of the main causes of cancer death.Preoperative risk stratification is critical to guide patient management,but traditional imaging studies have difficulty predicting its biological behavior.The emerging field of radiomics allows the conversion of potential pathophysiological information in existing medical images that cannot be visually recognized into high-dimensional quantitative image features.Tumor lesion characterization,therapeutic response evaluation,and survival prediction can be achieved by analyzing the relationships between these features and clinical and genetic data.In recent years,the clinical application of radiomics to GIC has increased dramatically.In this editorial,we describe the latest progress in the application of radiomics to GIC and discuss the value of its potential clinical applications,as well as its limitations and future directions.展开更多
Background:Vasovagal syncope(VVS)greatly impairs quality of life.The therapeutic efficacy of oral rehydration saline(ORS)for unselected VVS patients is not satisfactory due to the diverse mechanisms of the disease.Bod...Background:Vasovagal syncope(VVS)greatly impairs quality of life.The therapeutic efficacy of oral rehydration saline(ORS)for unselected VVS patients is not satisfactory due to the diverse mechanisms of the disease.Body mass index(BMI)was demonstrated to reflect blood volume to a certain extent.Therefore,the present study explored the capability of BMI to predict the therapeutic response of children with VVS to ORS treatment.Methods:Seventy-four children with VVS who visited the Syncope Unit of Pediatrics at Peking University First Hospital from November 2010 to June 2019 receiving ORS treatment were enrolled for this retrospective case-control study.A comparison of demographic,clinical,and hemodynamic characteristics was performed between responders and non-responders.The correlation between baseline BMI and response time was analyzed.To determine the value of baseline BMI in predicting the therapeutic efficacy of ORS in children with VVS,a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed.Results:Fifty-two children were identified as responders,and the remaining 22 children were identified as non-responders.The baseline BMI of the responders was much lower than that of the non-responders(16.4[15.5,17.8]kg/m2vs.20.7±3.6 kg/m2,P<0.001),and baseline BMI was positively correlated with response time in the head-up tilt test after adjusting for sex(r=0.256,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.067-0.439,P=0.029).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of baseline BMI was 0.818(95%CI:0.704-0.932,P<0.001),and an optimal cut-off value of 18.9 kg/m2 yielded a sensitivity of 83%and a specificity of 73%to predict the efficacy of ORS in VVS.Conclusion:Prior to treatment,baseline BMI is a promising predictor of response to ORS in children with VVS.展开更多
Chemodynamic therapy kills cancer cells with reactive oxygen species generated by endogenous triggers in the tumor microenvironment.Although chemodynamic therapy is blossoming in recent years,their therapy process sti...Chemodynamic therapy kills cancer cells with reactive oxygen species generated by endogenous triggers in the tumor microenvironment.Although chemodynamic therapy is blossoming in recent years,their therapy process still faces a series of hampers.The unknown catalytic activity of chemodynamic therapy reagents may lead to unpredictable therapy effects,so it is necessary to reveal the therapeutic mechanism of chemodynamic therapy and develop self-monitoring probes.In this mini-review,we summarize and illustrate the most recent progress of chemodynamic therapy,focusing on the applications of magnetic imaging and optical imaging probe for monitoring cancer chemodynamic therapy.Furthermore,we also discuss the potential challenges and the further directions of this field.展开更多
文摘Objective:To analyze the therapeutic response and safety of different treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis,received by patients in the Program for the Study and Control of Tropical Diseases-PECET-Medellín-Colombia.Methods:This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients attended at PECET Research Center during 2016-2021.Relevant information regarding sociodemographic characteristics,history of leishmaniasis,characterization of current infection,treatment received,follow-up of therapeutic response and safety was collected from the medical records.Data were analyzed with Pearson's Chi-square association tests and Mann-Whitney U test using statistical software.Results:A total of 486 clinical records of patients were analyzed,and 356 received treatment.Eight different therapeutic alternatives(systemic,local and in combination)were analyzed.The therapeutic response of the different alternatives used(except thermotherapy)was higher than 50%.Most frequent adverse events were myalgias,arthralgias and headache,and vesicles for systemic and local treatment,respectively.Conclusions:Safety profile and performance of local therapeutic alternatives and combined schemes for the treatment of uncomplicated cutaneous leishmaniasis are an interesting option for the management of the disease.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Hebei Province (No.19277779D)the Program of Introduce International Intelligence of Hebei Province,Medical technology tracking in Hebei Province (No.2019009)the Forth Batch of Top-talents of Hebei Province.
文摘Background and Aims:The impact of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)on the treatment outcome of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)is undefined and deserves an in-depth investigation.Methods:Histologically-proven CHB receiving first-line antiviral regimens as initial therapy was enrolled and grouped by the concurrence of NAFLD,and followed up at six monthly intervals.Therapeutic response related data were recorded and compared at multiple time points.Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were utilized to estimate the impact of NAFLD on complete virological response(CVR).Results:We enrolled 267 patients(CHB:164;CHB with NAFLD:103)with comparable follow-up durations.They were also comparable in baseline HBV DNA levels and HBeAg positivity.Patients with concomitant NAFLD showed less significant decline in HBV DNA,qHBsAg,pgRNA,and liver enzyme levels over time;moreover,their cumulative incidences of CVR were significantly lower and that of low-level viremia(LLV)were significantly higher at 6,12,18,24 months.First CVR of CHB was delayed with the presence NAFLD(11.0 vs.7.0 months,p<0.001)and further prolonged with higher grade of liver steatosis(Grade 2–3 vs.1:13.0 vs.9.0 months).On multivariate analysis,HBeAg positivity(HR:0.650,p=0.036),grade of steatosis(G2[HR:0.447,p=0.004];G3[HR:0.085,p=0.002])and HBV DNA(log10 IU/mL)(HR:0.687,p<0.001)were significantly associated with delayed CVR,whereas grade of necroinflammation(HR:1.758,p<0.001)accelerated the CVR.Conclusions:In CHB patients receiving initial antiviral therapy,NAFLD was associated with higher levels of HBV DNA,pgRNA,and liver enzymes,and higher incidence of LLV and delayed CVR.
基金This work was supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81803035)The China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021T140754 and 2020M672521)+1 种基金The Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(No.2020JJ5934)The Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University,China(No.248485).
文摘Several types of modifications have been proven to participate in the metabolism and processing of different RNA types,including non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs).N-6-methyladenosine(m6A)is a dynamic and reversible RNA modification that is closely involved in the ncRNA homeostasis,and serves as a crucial regulator for multiple cancer-associated signaling pathways.The ncRNAs usually regulate the epigenetic modification,mRNA transcription and other biological processes,displaying enormous roles in human cancers.In this review,we summarized the significant implications of m6A-ncRNA interaction in various types of cancers.In particular,the interplay between m6A and ncRNAs in cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic resistance are being widely recognized.We also discussed the relevance of m6A-ncRNA interaction in immune regulation,followed by the interference on cancer immunotherapeutic procedures.In addition,we briefly highlighted the computation tools that could identify the accurate features of m6A methylome among ncRNAs.In summary,this review would pave the way for a better understanding of the biological functions of m6A-ncRNA crosstalk in cancer research and treatment.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2017YFA0205400National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:81973344,81874316,82173379+3 种基金CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences,Grant/Award Number:2021‐I2M‐1‐021Peking Union Medical College Graduate Innovation Fund,Grant/Award Number:2019‐1007‐24 to CZCentral Publicinterest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,Grant/Award Number:2018PT35004Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program,Grant/Award Number:BJJWZYJH01201910023028。
文摘Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death that is characterized by the accumulation of iron‐dependent lipid peroxidation.Research on ferroptosis has seen exponential growth over the past few years.Tumor cells are strongly dependent on iron for their growth,which makes them develop mechanisms to increase iron uptake and inhibit iron output,thereby completing iron accumulation.Ferroptosis can be induced or inhibited by various stresses through multiple mechanisms,making it stands at the crossroads of stresses related cancer cell fate determination.In this review,we give a brief summary of ferroptosis hallmarks and provide a systematic analysis of the current molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks of diverse stress conditions on ferroptosis.We also discuss the relationships between ferroptosis and cancer therapy responses to further understand potential targets and therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
基金the Project of the Medical Association of Sichuan Province,No.S20070Project of the City-University Science and Technology Strategic Cooperation of Nanchong City,No.20SXQT0324。
文摘Gastrointestinal cancer(GIC)has high morbidity and mortality as one of the main causes of cancer death.Preoperative risk stratification is critical to guide patient management,but traditional imaging studies have difficulty predicting its biological behavior.The emerging field of radiomics allows the conversion of potential pathophysiological information in existing medical images that cannot be visually recognized into high-dimensional quantitative image features.Tumor lesion characterization,therapeutic response evaluation,and survival prediction can be achieved by analyzing the relationships between these features and clinical and genetic data.In recent years,the clinical application of radiomics to GIC has increased dramatically.In this editorial,we describe the latest progress in the application of radiomics to GIC and discuss the value of its potential clinical applications,as well as its limitations and future directions.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Peking University Medicine Fund of Fostering Y oung Scholars'Scientifie&Technological Innovation,Peking University Clinical Medicine Plus X-Young Scholars Project(PKU2019LCXQ011)the Peking University Clinical Scientist Program(No.BMU2019LCKXJ001)and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Background:Vasovagal syncope(VVS)greatly impairs quality of life.The therapeutic efficacy of oral rehydration saline(ORS)for unselected VVS patients is not satisfactory due to the diverse mechanisms of the disease.Body mass index(BMI)was demonstrated to reflect blood volume to a certain extent.Therefore,the present study explored the capability of BMI to predict the therapeutic response of children with VVS to ORS treatment.Methods:Seventy-four children with VVS who visited the Syncope Unit of Pediatrics at Peking University First Hospital from November 2010 to June 2019 receiving ORS treatment were enrolled for this retrospective case-control study.A comparison of demographic,clinical,and hemodynamic characteristics was performed between responders and non-responders.The correlation between baseline BMI and response time was analyzed.To determine the value of baseline BMI in predicting the therapeutic efficacy of ORS in children with VVS,a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed.Results:Fifty-two children were identified as responders,and the remaining 22 children were identified as non-responders.The baseline BMI of the responders was much lower than that of the non-responders(16.4[15.5,17.8]kg/m2vs.20.7±3.6 kg/m2,P<0.001),and baseline BMI was positively correlated with response time in the head-up tilt test after adjusting for sex(r=0.256,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.067-0.439,P=0.029).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of baseline BMI was 0.818(95%CI:0.704-0.932,P<0.001),and an optimal cut-off value of 18.9 kg/m2 yielded a sensitivity of 83%and a specificity of 73%to predict the efficacy of ORS in VVS.Conclusion:Prior to treatment,baseline BMI is a promising predictor of response to ORS in children with VVS.
基金supported by a National Natural Scientific Foundation of China grant[No.31601077 to R.D.]a Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan[No.201604020005 to J.W.].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21804039 and 51872088)the Science and Technology Project of Hunan Province,China(No.2020RC3022)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China.
文摘Chemodynamic therapy kills cancer cells with reactive oxygen species generated by endogenous triggers in the tumor microenvironment.Although chemodynamic therapy is blossoming in recent years,their therapy process still faces a series of hampers.The unknown catalytic activity of chemodynamic therapy reagents may lead to unpredictable therapy effects,so it is necessary to reveal the therapeutic mechanism of chemodynamic therapy and develop self-monitoring probes.In this mini-review,we summarize and illustrate the most recent progress of chemodynamic therapy,focusing on the applications of magnetic imaging and optical imaging probe for monitoring cancer chemodynamic therapy.Furthermore,we also discuss the potential challenges and the further directions of this field.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.81573507,81473283,81173131,and 81320108027]the Natural Major Projects for science and technology development from Science and Technology Ministry of China[Grant No.2012ZX09506001-004]+1 种基金the Major Scientific and Technological Project of Guangdong Province[Grant No.2011A080300001]the Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province of China[Grant No.A2020123].
