Objective:To investigate the mechanism by which total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides(TASA)and matrine(MT)impair biofilm to increase the susceptibility of Staphylococcus epidermidis(S.epidermidis)to ciprofloxacin.M...Objective:To investigate the mechanism by which total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides(TASA)and matrine(MT)impair biofilm to increase the susceptibility of Staphylococcus epidermidis(S.epidermidis)to ciprofloxacin.Methods:The minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration(mBIC)was determined using a 2-fold dilution method.Structure of biofilm of S.epidermidis was examined by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope(CLSM).The cellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)was determined using a DCFH-DA assay.The key factors related to the regulation of ROS were accessed using respective kits.Results:TASA and MT were more beneficial to impair biofilm of S.epidermidis than ciprofloxacin(CIP)(P<0.05).TASA and MT were not easily developed resistance to biofilm-producing S.epidermidis.The mBIC of CIP decreased by 2-6-fold following the treatment of sub-biofilm inhibitory concentration(sub-BIC)TASA and MT,whereas the mBIC of CIP increased by 2-fold following a treatment of sub-BIC CIP from the first to sixth generations.TASA and MT can improve the production of ROS in biofilmproducing S.epidermidis.The ROS content was decreased 23%-33%following the treatment of submBIC CIP,whereas ROS content increased 7%-24%following treatment with TASA+CIP and MT+CIP combination from the first to sixth generations.Nitric oxide(NO)as a ROS,which was consistent with the previously confirmed relationship between ROS and drug resistance.Related regulatory factorssuperoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH)could synergistically maintain the redox balance in vivo.Conclusion:TASA and MT enhanced reactive oxygen species to restore the susceptibility of S.epidermidis to ciprofloxacin.展开更多
Time-sensitive and pH-dependent polymers are generally employed to prepare colon-site delivery system, and their coating thickness and order are very important in controlling the drug release. The traditional colon-si...Time-sensitive and pH-dependent polymers are generally employed to prepare colon-site delivery system, and their coating thickness and order are very important in controlling the drug release. The traditional colon-site delivery systems consist of time-dependent polymers as inner layer and pH-sensitive polymers as outer layer. However, they suffer from low drug-loading rate and immature drug release. In this study, total alkaloids of sophora alopecuroides(TASA)-loaded pellets were prepared by extrusion-spheronization method and coated with Eudragit RS30D and Eudragit S100. Pellets using Eudragit RS30D as inner layer and Eudragit S100 as outer layer were named as ERS-ES100 TCO, while pellets with Eudragit S100 as inner layer and Eudragit RS30D as outer layer were ES100-ERS NCO. Both types of formulations with varying coating ratios and orders of Eudragit S100 and Eudragit RS30D were designed and prepared. The following in vitro drug release and SEM studies indicated that ERS-ES100 TCO(F2) with 12.8% Eudragit RS30D as inner layer and 21% Eudragit S100 as outer layer released up to 42% drug in 5 h. Interestingly, ES100-ERS NCO(F4) coated with 12.8% Eudragit S100 and 14.8% Eudragit RS30D showed optimal drug release in colon. In conclusion, ES100-ERS NCO colonic delivery system achieved reduced coating thickness and improved colonic targeting compared with traditional delivery system(ERS-ES100 TCO). In addition, the similarity factors( f 2) value of sophoridine and matrine for investigated formulation were within 50–100 and > 80, demonstrating that sophoridine and matrine in all formulations achieved a synchronous release.展开更多
目的:制备苦豆子总碱水凝胶骨架结肠定位释放片,研究不同酯化度果胶对其释放行为的影响。方法:采用湿法制粒压片法制备不同酯化度果胶骨架片,分别考察其在模拟胃液、肠液中6 h释放情况,在此基础上采用Kollicoat MAE 30DP包衣,分析其在...目的:制备苦豆子总碱水凝胶骨架结肠定位释放片,研究不同酯化度果胶对其释放行为的影响。方法:采用湿法制粒压片法制备不同酯化度果胶骨架片,分别考察其在模拟胃液、肠液中6 h释放情况,在此基础上采用Kollicoat MAE 30DP包衣,分析其在模拟胃液、肠液、盲肠液介质中的释放行为。结果:不同酯化度果胶能够明显影响其在模拟胃液、肠液中的释放。采用Kollicoat MAE 30DP包衣的低酯果胶配方E能够使苦豆子总碱中槐定碱结肠释放,近似零级释放模型,属骨架溶蚀释药机制。结论:肠溶包衣的低酯果胶骨架片靶向性强,能够使苦豆子总碱定位释放,从而提高疗效。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers:31660728)the Key Research and Development Plan Project of Ningxia Hui Nationality Autonomous Region(grant numbers:2017BN04)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the mechanism by which total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides(TASA)and matrine(MT)impair biofilm to increase the susceptibility of Staphylococcus epidermidis(S.epidermidis)to ciprofloxacin.Methods:The minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration(mBIC)was determined using a 2-fold dilution method.Structure of biofilm of S.epidermidis was examined by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope(CLSM).The cellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)was determined using a DCFH-DA assay.The key factors related to the regulation of ROS were accessed using respective kits.Results:TASA and MT were more beneficial to impair biofilm of S.epidermidis than ciprofloxacin(CIP)(P<0.05).TASA and MT were not easily developed resistance to biofilm-producing S.epidermidis.The mBIC of CIP decreased by 2-6-fold following the treatment of sub-biofilm inhibitory concentration(sub-BIC)TASA and MT,whereas the mBIC of CIP increased by 2-fold following a treatment of sub-BIC CIP from the first to sixth generations.TASA and MT can improve the production of ROS in biofilmproducing S.epidermidis.The ROS content was decreased 23%-33%following the treatment of submBIC CIP,whereas ROS content increased 7%-24%following treatment with TASA+CIP and MT+CIP combination from the first to sixth generations.Nitric oxide(NO)as a ROS,which was consistent with the previously confirmed relationship between ROS and drug resistance.Related regulatory factorssuperoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH)could synergistically maintain the redox balance in vivo.Conclusion:TASA and MT enhanced reactive oxygen species to restore the susceptibility of S.epidermidis to ciprofloxacin.
基金supposed by major science and technology projects of Guangdong province, China(2013A022100039)science innovation projects of higher school(2012KJCX0060)+3 种基金the technology bureau of Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China (2011C3108015)Guangdong province sail plan project of high level talents in 2014the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81473401)Guangdong provincial innovation and entrepreneurship training program for college students in 2016 no.196
文摘Time-sensitive and pH-dependent polymers are generally employed to prepare colon-site delivery system, and their coating thickness and order are very important in controlling the drug release. The traditional colon-site delivery systems consist of time-dependent polymers as inner layer and pH-sensitive polymers as outer layer. However, they suffer from low drug-loading rate and immature drug release. In this study, total alkaloids of sophora alopecuroides(TASA)-loaded pellets were prepared by extrusion-spheronization method and coated with Eudragit RS30D and Eudragit S100. Pellets using Eudragit RS30D as inner layer and Eudragit S100 as outer layer were named as ERS-ES100 TCO, while pellets with Eudragit S100 as inner layer and Eudragit RS30D as outer layer were ES100-ERS NCO. Both types of formulations with varying coating ratios and orders of Eudragit S100 and Eudragit RS30D were designed and prepared. The following in vitro drug release and SEM studies indicated that ERS-ES100 TCO(F2) with 12.8% Eudragit RS30D as inner layer and 21% Eudragit S100 as outer layer released up to 42% drug in 5 h. Interestingly, ES100-ERS NCO(F4) coated with 12.8% Eudragit S100 and 14.8% Eudragit RS30D showed optimal drug release in colon. In conclusion, ES100-ERS NCO colonic delivery system achieved reduced coating thickness and improved colonic targeting compared with traditional delivery system(ERS-ES100 TCO). In addition, the similarity factors( f 2) value of sophoridine and matrine for investigated formulation were within 50–100 and > 80, demonstrating that sophoridine and matrine in all formulations achieved a synchronous release.
文摘目的:制备苦豆子总碱水凝胶骨架结肠定位释放片,研究不同酯化度果胶对其释放行为的影响。方法:采用湿法制粒压片法制备不同酯化度果胶骨架片,分别考察其在模拟胃液、肠液中6 h释放情况,在此基础上采用Kollicoat MAE 30DP包衣,分析其在模拟胃液、肠液、盲肠液介质中的释放行为。结果:不同酯化度果胶能够明显影响其在模拟胃液、肠液中的释放。采用Kollicoat MAE 30DP包衣的低酯果胶配方E能够使苦豆子总碱中槐定碱结肠释放,近似零级释放模型,属骨架溶蚀释药机制。结论:肠溶包衣的低酯果胶骨架片靶向性强,能够使苦豆子总碱定位释放,从而提高疗效。
