In this study a reliable protocol was developed for the establishment of commercial in vitro cultures of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f.. Juvenile shoots from one-year-old elite plants were used as the source of explan...In this study a reliable protocol was developed for the establishment of commercial in vitro cultures of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f.. Juvenile shoots from one-year-old elite plants were used as the source of explants. New axillary shoots were obtained after 30 days of culture on a MS medium supplemented with BAP （2.0 mg.L^-1） and NAA （0.1 mg.L^-1）. The optimal multiplication medium was a modified MS medium supplemented with BAP （1.0 mg.L^-1） and NAA （0.1 mg.L^-1）. This yielded a multiplication rate of 2.4 for each subculture. Slightly more than 92% of shoots rooted when cultured on a modified MS medium containing IBA （0.2 mg.L^-1） and activated charcoal （0.5 mg.L^-1）. Activated charcoal promoted both a strong and a high rooting rate during the rooting phase. Plantlets were transferred to pots for a short acclimatization stage in a greenhouse where 95% of the plantlets survived. This highly reproducible procedure can be adopted for large-scale propagation of T. wilfordii.展开更多
Triptolide is an important active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TWHF) and possesses anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, male anti-fertility, and anticancer properties. A new method combining different ...Triptolide is an important active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TWHF) and possesses anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, male anti-fertility, and anticancer properties. A new method combining different techniques, including solid-liquid extraction, liquid-liquid partition, column chromatography and high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) but avoiding the use of chloroform, was developed for the isolation and purification of triptolide from the leaves of TWHF. 48 mg of triptolide at 96.5% purity was obtained from 1 kg of air-dried leaves of TWHF.展开更多
Purpose:Toexamine the effect of Tii treatment of cornea graft survival in a rab-bit model.Methods:Tii was administrated orally after eccentrical corneal transplantation.Survival times were determined by biomicroscopy....Purpose:Toexamine the effect of Tii treatment of cornea graft survival in a rab-bit model.Methods:Tii was administrated orally after eccentrical corneal transplantation.Survival times were determined by biomicroscopy.Cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTL)and delayed-type hypersensitivity(DTH)responses to donor alloantigens were assessed at ady 16after heterotopic corneal grafts.Results:Administration of Tii reduced the incidence and prologed the graft sur-vival time.Both CTLand DTH responses to donor alloantigens were severely ed-pressed in hosts treated with Tii.However,combination of Tii and cyclosporine further enhanced the immunosuppressive effects described above.Conclusions:Tii is a potent immunosuppressant with the ability to prolong allo-graft survival in the rabbit penetrating keratoplasty model and may have coordi-native effects with CsA through different mechanisms.Further studies are neces-sary to define any potentially coordinative role in the prevention of allograft rejec-tion in human keratoplasty.Eye Science 1995;11:168-172.展开更多
OBJECTIVE The inhibitory effect of active ingredients of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.F.(TWHF)(celastrol,triptolide,triptonide,wilforlide A,wilforgine and wilforine)on human carboxylester⁃ase 1(CES1)and CES2 was detect...OBJECTIVE The inhibitory effect of active ingredients of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.F.(TWHF)(celastrol,triptolide,triptonide,wilforlide A,wilforgine and wilforine)on human carboxylester⁃ase 1(CES1)and CES2 was detected to investigate the herb-drug interactions(HDIs)of TWHF.METHODS Human liver microsomes catalysed hydrolysis of 2-(2-benzoyl-3-methoxyphenyl)benzothi⁃azole(BMBT)and fluorescein diacetate(FD)were used as the probe reaction to phenotype the activity of CES1 and CES2,respectively.The residual activities of CES1 and CES2 were detected by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)after intervention with celastrol,triptolide,triptonide,wilforlide A,wilforgine and wilforine(100μmol·L^(-1)).Kinetics analysis,involving half inhibitory concentra⁃tion(IC_(50)),inhibition type and kinetic parameter(Ki),and in vitro-in vivo extrapolation(IVIVE),was carried out to predict the HDIs between these compounds and CES-metabolizing drugs.Molecular docking was performed to analyze the ligand-enzyme interaction.RESULTS Out of the six main con⁃stituents of TWHF,only celastrol exhibited strong inhibition towards both CES1 and CES2,with the inhibitory rates of 97.45%(P<0.05)and 95.62%(P<0.05),respectively.The IC_(50)was 9.95 and 4.02 mol·L^(-1),respectively,and the types of inhibition were all non-competitive inhibition.Based on the kinetics analysis,the Ki values were calculated to be 5.10 and 10.55μmol·L^(-1)for the inhibition of celastrol on CES1 and CES2,respectively.IVIVE indicated that celastrol might disturb the metabolic hydrolysis of clinical drugs in vivo by inhibiting CES1.Molecular docking results showed that hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic contacts contributed to the interaction of celastrol and CESs.CONCLUSION The inhibitory effect of celastrol on CES1 and CES2 might cause HDIs with clinical drugs hydrolysed by CESs.展开更多
Background：Few clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F （TwHF） compared with acitretin in psoriasis.We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of TwHF compared with a...Background：Few clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F （TwHF） compared with acitretin in psoriasis.We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of TwHF compared with acitretin in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis vulgaris.Methods：Adults with Psoriasis Area Severity Index （PASI） score ＞ 10 and psoriasis-affected body surface area ＞ 10％ were randomized into a TwHF （20 mg,3 times a day） or acitretin group （30 mg,once a day）.The treatment course lasted for 8 weeks.Patients were assessed at baseline and at 2,4,and 8 weeks.Laboratory tests were performed at baseline,week 4,and week 8.The data were analyzed using paired samples t-test or analysis of variance （ANOVA）.Results：A total of 115 patients was enrolled （58 TwHF; 57 acitretin）.The median PASI score improved in the TwHF group by 50.4％ and in the acitretin group by 42.7％.There was no significant difference in median PASI improvement between two groups at 2,4,and 8 weeks.There was also no significant difference in PASI 25,PASI 50,PASI 75,and PASI 90 response between the two groups at 2,4,and 8 weeks.There was a significant increase in the level of aspartate transaminase and triglycerides in the TwHF group （P =0.026 and P =0.011,respectively）.In the acitretin group,there was a significant increase in the level of alanine transaminase,cholesterol,and high-density lipoprotein （P =0.030,P ＜ 0.01,and P ＜ 0.01,respectively）.Conclusions：There was no significant difference in treatment efficacy between the TwHF and acitretin groups within 8 weeks,but there were fewer treatment-related adverse events in the TwHF group.展开更多
Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F has significant anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties and is widely used for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythe...Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F has significant anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties and is widely used for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and kidney disease, especially in traditional Chinese medicine. The mechanisms underlying its effects may be diverse but they remain unclear, and its toxicity and side effects limit its wider clinical application. This review summarizes the clinical application of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F in recent years, as well as the results of studies into its mechanisms and toxicity, to provide a reference for its future clinical application.展开更多
Prolonged antiretroviral therapy(ART)-free remission post-treatment has been observed and reported in human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV-1)infection.The primary factors for such achievement have been linked to the tra...Prolonged antiretroviral therapy(ART)-free remission post-treatment has been observed and reported in human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV-1)infection.The primary factors for such achievement have been linked to the transcriptional inactivation of HIV-1 DNA and immune recovery.Here,we reported a patient with acute HIV-1 infection who immediately received intensified quadruple ART.At month 9(M9),an old CFDA-approved immuno-suppressive herbal medicine,Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F(TwHF),was used in addition to ART.The patient was closely monitored.Virological and immunological tests as well as transcriptome analysis were carried out at each visit.The results showed that TwHF reduced serum IP-10 level and inhibited T cell activation.Both ART and TwHF were discontinued in M24,and levels of peripheral blood HIV-1 RNA and DNA remained suppressed for consecutive 12months.With transcriptome analysis,we found pattern changes linking immuno-activation and amino acid metabolism with viral suppression and rebound.This indicates that the intentional suppression of immuno-activation is a promising approach for a functional cure of HIV-1 infection.展开更多
A new diterpenoid was isolated from the ethanolic extract of the dried root bark of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f. It is the first example of abietane diterpenoid glycoside isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f...A new diterpenoid was isolated from the ethanolic extract of the dried root bark of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f. It is the first example of abietane diterpenoid glycoside isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f. Its structure was identified to be 11-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl- neotriptophenolide based on spectral methods.展开更多
The principal pathology of Alzheimer＇s disease includes neuronal extracellular deposition of amyloid-beta peptides and formation of senile pl aques, which in turn induce neuroinflammation in the brain. Triptolide, a ...The principal pathology of Alzheimer＇s disease includes neuronal extracellular deposition of amyloid-beta peptides and formation of senile pl aques, which in turn induce neuroinflammation in the brain. Triptolide, a natural extract from the vine-like herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, has potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive efficacy. Therefore, we determined if triptolide can inhibit activation and proliferation of microglial cells and astrocytes in the APP/PS1 double transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer＇s disease. We used 1 or 5 μg/kg/d triptolide to treat APP/PS1 double transgenic mice （aged 4-4.5 months） for 45 days. Unbiased stereology analysis found that triptolide dose-dependent- ly reduced the total number of microglial cells, and transformed microglial cells into the resting state. Further, triptolide （5 μg/kg/d） also reduced the total number of hippocampal astrocytes. Our in vivo test results indicate that triptolide suppresses activation and proliferation of microglial cells and astrocytes in the hippocampus of APP/PS 1 double transgenic mice with Alzheimer＇s disease.展开更多
AIM： To analyze the gene expression profiles of mice livers injured by Leigongteng and explore the relationship between the differentially expressed genes and liver damage. METHODS： The experimental mice were random...AIM： To analyze the gene expression profiles of mice livers injured by Leigongteng and explore the relationship between the differentially expressed genes and liver damage. METHODS： The experimental mice were randomly divided into a control group and a liver-injured group in which the mice were administrated 33 μγ, of triptolide/ kg per day for 30 d. Liver mRNAs were extracted from animals in both groups and were reverse-transcribed to cDNA with dUTP labeled by different fluorescence （Cy3, Cy5） as hybridization probes. The mixed probes were hybridized with oligonucleotide microarray chips. The fluorescent signal results were acquired by scanner and analyzed with software. RESULTS： Among the 35852 target genes, 29 genes were found to be significantly differentially expressed, with 20 genes up-regulated and 9 genes down-regulated. The reliability of the differentially expressed genes was validated by RT-PCR experiments of 5 randomly selected differentially expressed genes. CONCLUSION： Based on the biological functions of the differentially expressed genes, it is obvious that the occurrence and development of liver damage induced by Leigongteng in mice are highly associated with immune response, metabolism, apoptosis and the cell skeleton of liver cells. This might be important for elucidating the regulatory network of gene expression associated with liver damage and it may also be important for discovering the pathogenic mechanisms of liver damage induced by Leigongteng.展开更多
Objective To investigate the possible bone changes in female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) induced by long term administration of Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F (TW) Methods 70 female SLE p...Objective To investigate the possible bone changes in female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) induced by long term administration of Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F (TW) Methods 70 female SLE patients were divided into 4 groups accordiog to their drug history: SLE disease control group, corticosteroids treatment group, TW treatment group, and both corticosteroids and TW treatment group Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine 2-4 and biochemical markers of bone turnover were studied Results Long term administration of TW could significantly decrease BMD levels in female SLE patients ( P <0 05) The patients receiving TW for more than 5 years had significantly lower BMD levels compared with those for less than 5 years The degree of decreased BMD induced by TW was less severe compared with that of prednisone No significant differences were observed in the biochemical markers of bone turnover among four groups ( P >0 05) Conclusion Long term administration of TW could decrease BMD levels in women Osteoporosis may be an important problem for SLE patients treated with TW展开更多
Sixty-nine specimens from Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook.f. (TWH) users were investigated by electron microscopy. No macrophages were demonstrated in the 21 specimens collected prior to the administration of TWH. However...Sixty-nine specimens from Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook.f. (TWH) users were investigated by electron microscopy. No macrophages were demonstrated in the 21 specimens collected prior to the administration of TWH. However, it was found in 23 out of the 48 semen specimens obtained following the TWH administration. The macrophages were functionally active as shown by the presence of a large number of cytoplasmic processes and pseudopodia on the surface, and primary and secondary lysosomes in the cytoplasm. The macrophages phagocytized sperm debris and degenerated or dead spermatids with formation of specific phagosomes. Around those macrophages, lymphocytes were commonly noted. The cytoplasmic processes of the two cell types could come into contact or even fuse with each other, leading to tight junction-like structure; in some of the contacts, the plasma membranes were found dissolved so as to form direct cytoplasmic linkage.展开更多
Prostate cancer(PCa)is one of the most common malignant tumours and a leading cause of cancer deaths.Treatment failure of PCa is often due to bone-metastasis.Celastrol,an active constituent of the roots of Tripterygiu...Prostate cancer(PCa)is one of the most common malignant tumours and a leading cause of cancer deaths.Treatment failure of PCa is often due to bone-metastasis.Celastrol,an active constituent of the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii,has shown antitumour effects in previous studies in accordance with its use in TCM.Here we report for the first time an in-depth study of the effects of celastrol on展开更多
To examine the effect of multi-glycoside of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. （GTW） on proteinuria and acute glomerular immune lesion in experimental mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis （MsPGN） induced by ant...To examine the effect of multi-glycoside of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. （GTW） on proteinuria and acute glomerular immune lesion in experimental mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis （MsPGN） induced by anti-Thyl. 1 monoelonal antibody （mAb） 1-22-3. The reversible model of MsPGN with anti-Thyl. 1 mAb 1-22-3 was established. After 7 days of oral treatment with GTW （ 100 mg/kg per day） and vehicle （distilled water, 5 ml/kg per day）, its effects on proteinuria, renal functions, mesangial morphological change, glomerular macrophage accumulation, and mRNA expressions of cytokines （PDGF-BB and MCP-1 ） were evaluated by light microscope （LM）, immunofluorescence （IF）, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. It was found that GTW ameliorated proteinuria （on day 3 and day 7）, mesangial proliferation （total cell number, matrix expansion, a-smooth muscle actin expression, and collagen type Ⅰ expression） and macrophage accumulation （ED3^＋ ） in experimental MsPGN. In addition, GTW significantly suppressed the increased mRNA expressions for MCP-1 （67.6% to eontrol group, P 〈 0.01） together with the tendency to reduce the expression of PDGF （24.44% to control group） on day 7. It is concluded that GTW can not only decrease proteinuria, but also ameliorate acute mesangial alterations and glomerular activated macrophage accumulation probably by reduction of cytokines. These data indicate that GTW is an effective agent for early MsPGN.展开更多
基金supported by the Youth Talent Project of Science and Technology Department, Fujian Province (No. 2007F3017)the Research Project of the Forestry Department, Fujian Province (Minlin 2004 Kehan No. 8)
文摘In this study a reliable protocol was developed for the establishment of commercial in vitro cultures of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f.. Juvenile shoots from one-year-old elite plants were used as the source of explants. New axillary shoots were obtained after 30 days of culture on a MS medium supplemented with BAP （2.0 mg.L^-1） and NAA （0.1 mg.L^-1）. The optimal multiplication medium was a modified MS medium supplemented with BAP （1.0 mg.L^-1） and NAA （0.1 mg.L^-1）. This yielded a multiplication rate of 2.4 for each subculture. Slightly more than 92% of shoots rooted when cultured on a modified MS medium containing IBA （0.2 mg.L^-1） and activated charcoal （0.5 mg.L^-1）. Activated charcoal promoted both a strong and a high rooting rate during the rooting phase. Plantlets were transferred to pots for a short acclimatization stage in a greenhouse where 95% of the plantlets survived. This highly reproducible procedure can be adopted for large-scale propagation of T. wilfordii.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20576113） Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China （R4090358）
文摘Triptolide is an important active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TWHF) and possesses anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, male anti-fertility, and anticancer properties. A new method combining different techniques, including solid-liquid extraction, liquid-liquid partition, column chromatography and high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) but avoiding the use of chloroform, was developed for the isolation and purification of triptolide from the leaves of TWHF. 48 mg of triptolide at 96.5% purity was obtained from 1 kg of air-dried leaves of TWHF.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China grantNatural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province grant
文摘Purpose:Toexamine the effect of Tii treatment of cornea graft survival in a rab-bit model.Methods:Tii was administrated orally after eccentrical corneal transplantation.Survival times were determined by biomicroscopy.Cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTL)and delayed-type hypersensitivity(DTH)responses to donor alloantigens were assessed at ady 16after heterotopic corneal grafts.Results:Administration of Tii reduced the incidence and prologed the graft sur-vival time.Both CTLand DTH responses to donor alloantigens were severely ed-pressed in hosts treated with Tii.However,combination of Tii and cyclosporine further enhanced the immunosuppressive effects described above.Conclusions:Tii is a potent immunosuppressant with the ability to prolong allo-graft survival in the rabbit penetrating keratoplasty model and may have coordi-native effects with CsA through different mechanisms.Further studies are neces-sary to define any potentially coordinative role in the prevention of allograft rejec-tion in human keratoplasty.Eye Science 1995;11:168-172.
文摘OBJECTIVE The inhibitory effect of active ingredients of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.F.(TWHF)(celastrol,triptolide,triptonide,wilforlide A,wilforgine and wilforine)on human carboxylester⁃ase 1(CES1)and CES2 was detected to investigate the herb-drug interactions(HDIs)of TWHF.METHODS Human liver microsomes catalysed hydrolysis of 2-(2-benzoyl-3-methoxyphenyl)benzothi⁃azole(BMBT)and fluorescein diacetate(FD)were used as the probe reaction to phenotype the activity of CES1 and CES2,respectively.The residual activities of CES1 and CES2 were detected by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)after intervention with celastrol,triptolide,triptonide,wilforlide A,wilforgine and wilforine(100μmol·L^(-1)).Kinetics analysis,involving half inhibitory concentra⁃tion(IC_(50)),inhibition type and kinetic parameter(Ki),and in vitro-in vivo extrapolation(IVIVE),was carried out to predict the HDIs between these compounds and CES-metabolizing drugs.Molecular docking was performed to analyze the ligand-enzyme interaction.RESULTS Out of the six main con⁃stituents of TWHF,only celastrol exhibited strong inhibition towards both CES1 and CES2,with the inhibitory rates of 97.45%(P<0.05)and 95.62%(P<0.05),respectively.The IC_(50)was 9.95 and 4.02 mol·L^(-1),respectively,and the types of inhibition were all non-competitive inhibition.Based on the kinetics analysis,the Ki values were calculated to be 5.10 and 10.55μmol·L^(-1)for the inhibition of celastrol on CES1 and CES2,respectively.IVIVE indicated that celastrol might disturb the metabolic hydrolysis of clinical drugs in vivo by inhibiting CES1.Molecular docking results showed that hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic contacts contributed to the interaction of celastrol and CESs.CONCLUSION The inhibitory effect of celastrol on CES1 and CES2 might cause HDIs with clinical drugs hydrolysed by CESs.
文摘Background：Few clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F （TwHF） compared with acitretin in psoriasis.We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of TwHF compared with acitretin in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis vulgaris.Methods：Adults with Psoriasis Area Severity Index （PASI） score ＞ 10 and psoriasis-affected body surface area ＞ 10％ were randomized into a TwHF （20 mg,3 times a day） or acitretin group （30 mg,once a day）.The treatment course lasted for 8 weeks.Patients were assessed at baseline and at 2,4,and 8 weeks.Laboratory tests were performed at baseline,week 4,and week 8.The data were analyzed using paired samples t-test or analysis of variance （ANOVA）.Results：A total of 115 patients was enrolled （58 TwHF; 57 acitretin）.The median PASI score improved in the TwHF group by 50.4％ and in the acitretin group by 42.7％.There was no significant difference in median PASI improvement between two groups at 2,4,and 8 weeks.There was also no significant difference in PASI 25,PASI 50,PASI 75,and PASI 90 response between the two groups at 2,4,and 8 weeks.There was a significant increase in the level of aspartate transaminase and triglycerides in the TwHF group （P =0.026 and P =0.011,respectively）.In the acitretin group,there was a significant increase in the level of alanine transaminase,cholesterol,and high-density lipoprotein （P =0.030,P ＜ 0.01,and P ＜ 0.01,respectively）.Conclusions：There was no significant difference in treatment efficacy between the TwHF and acitretin groups within 8 weeks,but there were fewer treatment-related adverse events in the TwHF group.
基金Project supported by the Foundation of Key Discipline Construction of Zhejiang Province for Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2017XKA36)the Medical and Health Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.2019327552)+1 种基金the Foundation of Key Research Project of Zhejiang Province for Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2019ZZ014)the Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province for Beneficial Technology Research of Social Development(No.2015C33146),China。
文摘Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F has significant anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties and is widely used for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and kidney disease, especially in traditional Chinese medicine. The mechanisms underlying its effects may be diverse but they remain unclear, and its toxicity and side effects limit its wider clinical application. This review summarizes the clinical application of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F in recent years, as well as the results of studies into its mechanisms and toxicity, to provide a reference for its future clinical application.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81601777)National Key Technologies R&D Program for the 13th Five-year Plan(No.2017ZX10202101,2018ZX10732101-002)the CAMS Initiative for Innovative Medicine(CAMS-I2M:2017-I2M-1-014).
文摘Prolonged antiretroviral therapy(ART)-free remission post-treatment has been observed and reported in human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV-1)infection.The primary factors for such achievement have been linked to the transcriptional inactivation of HIV-1 DNA and immune recovery.Here,we reported a patient with acute HIV-1 infection who immediately received intensified quadruple ART.At month 9(M9),an old CFDA-approved immuno-suppressive herbal medicine,Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F(TwHF),was used in addition to ART.The patient was closely monitored.Virological and immunological tests as well as transcriptome analysis were carried out at each visit.The results showed that TwHF reduced serum IP-10 level and inhibited T cell activation.Both ART and TwHF were discontinued in M24,and levels of peripheral blood HIV-1 RNA and DNA remained suppressed for consecutive 12months.With transcriptome analysis,we found pattern changes linking immuno-activation and amino acid metabolism with viral suppression and rebound.This indicates that the intentional suppression of immuno-activation is a promising approach for a functional cure of HIV-1 infection.
文摘A new diterpenoid was isolated from the ethanolic extract of the dried root bark of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f. It is the first example of abietane diterpenoid glycoside isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f. Its structure was identified to be 11-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl- neotriptophenolide based on spectral methods.
基金supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2016M590757the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University of China,No.20+4 种基金the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,No.2015JJ6010a grant from the Basic Research Program of Science and Technology Commission Foundation of Hunan Province of China,No.2015JC3059the Project Fund of the Department of Education in Hunan Province of China,No.15A023,13C1107the Scientific Research Project Fund of Health Department of Hunan Province of China,No.B2011-071,B2016096a grant from the Construction Program of the Key Discipline in Hunan Province of China
文摘The principal pathology of Alzheimer＇s disease includes neuronal extracellular deposition of amyloid-beta peptides and formation of senile pl aques, which in turn induce neuroinflammation in the brain. Triptolide, a natural extract from the vine-like herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, has potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive efficacy. Therefore, we determined if triptolide can inhibit activation and proliferation of microglial cells and astrocytes in the APP/PS1 double transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer＇s disease. We used 1 or 5 μg/kg/d triptolide to treat APP/PS1 double transgenic mice （aged 4-4.5 months） for 45 days. Unbiased stereology analysis found that triptolide dose-dependent- ly reduced the total number of microglial cells, and transformed microglial cells into the resting state. Further, triptolide （5 μg/kg/d） also reduced the total number of hippocampal astrocytes. Our in vivo test results indicate that triptolide suppresses activation and proliferation of microglial cells and astrocytes in the hippocampus of APP/PS 1 double transgenic mice with Alzheimer＇s disease.
基金the Prophase Special Funds for Major State Basic Research of China, No.2002ccc00300the Major Emphasized Research Project of the Technology Office of Hubei province, No. 2003AA303B02
文摘AIM： To analyze the gene expression profiles of mice livers injured by Leigongteng and explore the relationship between the differentially expressed genes and liver damage. METHODS： The experimental mice were randomly divided into a control group and a liver-injured group in which the mice were administrated 33 μγ, of triptolide/ kg per day for 30 d. Liver mRNAs were extracted from animals in both groups and were reverse-transcribed to cDNA with dUTP labeled by different fluorescence （Cy3, Cy5） as hybridization probes. The mixed probes were hybridized with oligonucleotide microarray chips. The fluorescent signal results were acquired by scanner and analyzed with software. RESULTS： Among the 35852 target genes, 29 genes were found to be significantly differentially expressed, with 20 genes up-regulated and 9 genes down-regulated. The reliability of the differentially expressed genes was validated by RT-PCR experiments of 5 randomly selected differentially expressed genes. CONCLUSION： Based on the biological functions of the differentially expressed genes, it is obvious that the occurrence and development of liver damage induced by Leigongteng in mice are highly associated with immune response, metabolism, apoptosis and the cell skeleton of liver cells. This might be important for elucidating the regulatory network of gene expression associated with liver damage and it may also be important for discovering the pathogenic mechanisms of liver damage induced by Leigongteng.
文摘Objective To investigate the possible bone changes in female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) induced by long term administration of Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F (TW) Methods 70 female SLE patients were divided into 4 groups accordiog to their drug history: SLE disease control group, corticosteroids treatment group, TW treatment group, and both corticosteroids and TW treatment group Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine 2-4 and biochemical markers of bone turnover were studied Results Long term administration of TW could significantly decrease BMD levels in female SLE patients ( P <0 05) The patients receiving TW for more than 5 years had significantly lower BMD levels compared with those for less than 5 years The degree of decreased BMD induced by TW was less severe compared with that of prednisone No significant differences were observed in the biochemical markers of bone turnover among four groups ( P >0 05) Conclusion Long term administration of TW could decrease BMD levels in women Osteoporosis may be an important problem for SLE patients treated with TW
基金The work reported in this paper was supported by the State Family Planning commission
文摘Sixty-nine specimens from Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook.f. (TWH) users were investigated by electron microscopy. No macrophages were demonstrated in the 21 specimens collected prior to the administration of TWH. However, it was found in 23 out of the 48 semen specimens obtained following the TWH administration. The macrophages were functionally active as shown by the presence of a large number of cytoplasmic processes and pseudopodia on the surface, and primary and secondary lysosomes in the cytoplasm. The macrophages phagocytized sperm debris and degenerated or dead spermatids with formation of specific phagosomes. Around those macrophages, lymphocytes were commonly noted. The cytoplasmic processes of the two cell types could come into contact or even fuse with each other, leading to tight junction-like structure; in some of the contacts, the plasma membranes were found dissolved so as to form direct cytoplasmic linkage.
文摘Prostate cancer(PCa)is one of the most common malignant tumours and a leading cause of cancer deaths.Treatment failure of PCa is often due to bone-metastasis.Celastrol,an active constituent of the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii,has shown antitumour effects in previous studies in accordance with its use in TCM.Here we report for the first time an in-depth study of the effects of celastrol on
文摘To examine the effect of multi-glycoside of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. （GTW） on proteinuria and acute glomerular immune lesion in experimental mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis （MsPGN） induced by anti-Thyl. 1 monoelonal antibody （mAb） 1-22-3. The reversible model of MsPGN with anti-Thyl. 1 mAb 1-22-3 was established. After 7 days of oral treatment with GTW （ 100 mg/kg per day） and vehicle （distilled water, 5 ml/kg per day）, its effects on proteinuria, renal functions, mesangial morphological change, glomerular macrophage accumulation, and mRNA expressions of cytokines （PDGF-BB and MCP-1 ） were evaluated by light microscope （LM）, immunofluorescence （IF）, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. It was found that GTW ameliorated proteinuria （on day 3 and day 7）, mesangial proliferation （total cell number, matrix expansion, a-smooth muscle actin expression, and collagen type Ⅰ expression） and macrophage accumulation （ED3^＋ ） in experimental MsPGN. In addition, GTW significantly suppressed the increased mRNA expressions for MCP-1 （67.6% to eontrol group, P 〈 0.01） together with the tendency to reduce the expression of PDGF （24.44% to control group） on day 7. It is concluded that GTW can not only decrease proteinuria, but also ameliorate acute mesangial alterations and glomerular activated macrophage accumulation probably by reduction of cytokines. These data indicate that GTW is an effective agent for early MsPGN.
