The aluminum （A1） tolerance of hexaploid wheat and rye has been extensively studied. However, the A1 tolerance of tetraploid wheat （Triticum turgidum L.）, the AABB genome donor of hexaploid wheat, has not been we...The aluminum （A1） tolerance of hexaploid wheat and rye has been extensively studied. However, the A1 tolerance of tetraploid wheat （Triticum turgidum L.）, the AABB genome donor of hexaploid wheat, has not been well characterized. To understand the A1 tolerance of tetraploid wheat and identify potentially new sources of tolerance to acidic soils, 254 Triticum turgidum wheat lines, including six subspecies of T. turdigum ssp. dieoccoides, ssp. dicoccon, ssp. carthlicum, ssp. turgidum, ssp. durum, and ssp. polinicum, were screened for acid and A1 tolerance by measuring the root regenerate lengths and the tolerance indices in acid nutrient culture solution containing A1. Significant differences were observed either among or within tetraploid wheat subspecies on the RRL （root regenerate lengths）. The orders for average RRL among subspecies in pH 7.00, pH 4.50 and pH 4.50 ＋ 50μmol L^-1 A1^3＋ were carthlicum ≥ turgidum ≥ durum ≥ dicoccoides polinicum ≥ dicoccon, carthlicum ≥ turgidum ≥ durum ≥ polinicum ≥ dicoccon ≥ dicoccoides and durum ≥ dicoccoides carthlicum ≥ turgidum ≥polinicum ≥ dicoccon, respectively. Significant difference was also observed on the root acid tolerance index （RT11） and root A1 tolerance index （RTI2） either among or within tetraploid wheat subspecies. Compared to RTI2, RTI1 varied in a wide range but with large value. The orders of the average RTI1 and RTI2 among subspecies were polinicum ≥ dicoccon ≥ carthlicum ≥ dicoccoides ≥ turgidum ≥durum, and dicoccoides ≥ durum ≥ turgidum ≥polinicum carthlicum ≥dicoccon, respectively. Significant difference on acid and A1 tolerance was existed either among or within subspecies. Some potentially tolerance germplasms different from those derived from hexaploid wheat, including 42 acid tolerance and 41 A1 tolerance lines, were identified in 254 tetraploid wheat lines. They provide new sources for hexaploid wheat acid and A1 tolerance improvement.展开更多
以亚硫酸氢钠-过硫酸铵为引发体系通过自由基聚合合成了丙烯酸(AA)/丙烯酰胺(AM)/(1-二甲氨基烯丙基)-膦酸(DMAAPA)/二乙基二烯丙基溴化铵(DDAB)四元共聚物。最佳反应条件为:m(AA)∶m(AM)∶m(DMAAPA)∶m(DDAB)=4.0∶6.0∶0.015∶0.020,w...以亚硫酸氢钠-过硫酸铵为引发体系通过自由基聚合合成了丙烯酸(AA)/丙烯酰胺(AM)/(1-二甲氨基烯丙基)-膦酸(DMAAPA)/二乙基二烯丙基溴化铵(DDAB)四元共聚物。最佳反应条件为:m(AA)∶m(AM)∶m(DMAAPA)∶m(DDAB)=4.0∶6.0∶0.015∶0.020,w(引发剂)=0.3%,pH=7,反应温度为40℃,单体总质量分数为20%。对AA/AM/DMAAPA/DDAB的分子结构进行了IR、1 H NMR表征。研究表明:该共聚物具有良好的耐温、耐盐、抗剪切性能;当该共聚物质量分数为1.0%时,对蒙脱土的防膨率达到84.05%,与质量分数1.0%的KCl复配后测得的防膨率达到95.04%。展开更多
Xiaoyan 60(XY60) is a new wheat variety bred in the laboratory of Zhensheng Li.After salt treatment, seedlings of XY60 maintain green leaves and produce longer roots than the high yielding cultivar Zhongmai 175(ZM175)...Xiaoyan 60(XY60) is a new wheat variety bred in the laboratory of Zhensheng Li.After salt treatment, seedlings of XY60 maintain green leaves and produce longer roots than the high yielding cultivar Zhongmai 175(ZM175).To explain these different phenotypes we carried out an RNA-Seq analysis using 12 samples from three tissues of both varieties subjected to salt and control treatments.By comparing data from the salt treated plants with the control, 703, 979, and 1197 differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were detected in new leaves, old leaves, and roots of XY60, respectively.The corresponding numbers for ZM175 were 613, 1401, and 1301.The most significantly enriched Gene Ontology(GO) terms and KEGG pathways were associated with polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA) metabolism in both new and old leaves from XY60.They were associated with photosynthesis and energy metabolism in ZM175.The most significantly enriched KEGG pathway in roots of both varieties was “glucosinolate biosynthesis”.In addition, jasmonic acid(JA) concentration in XY60 was higher than in ZM175, although it increased significantly in both varieties following salt treatment.Trends in relative expression levels of AOS, MYC2, and JAZ revealed by qRT-PCR were concordant with those from RNA-Seq.Our results suggest that PUFAs may contribute to salt tolerance in common wheat by enhancing the photosynthetic system and JA-related pathways.展开更多
基金supported by the China New Centary Excellent Talents in University (NCET-06-0819)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30671272)+1 种基金the Foundation for Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China (200458)the project of Sichuan Provincial Education Department and the Youth foundation of Sichuan Province, China(09ZQ026-088)
文摘The aluminum （A1） tolerance of hexaploid wheat and rye has been extensively studied. However, the A1 tolerance of tetraploid wheat （Triticum turgidum L.）, the AABB genome donor of hexaploid wheat, has not been well characterized. To understand the A1 tolerance of tetraploid wheat and identify potentially new sources of tolerance to acidic soils, 254 Triticum turgidum wheat lines, including six subspecies of T. turdigum ssp. dieoccoides, ssp. dicoccon, ssp. carthlicum, ssp. turgidum, ssp. durum, and ssp. polinicum, were screened for acid and A1 tolerance by measuring the root regenerate lengths and the tolerance indices in acid nutrient culture solution containing A1. Significant differences were observed either among or within tetraploid wheat subspecies on the RRL （root regenerate lengths）. The orders for average RRL among subspecies in pH 7.00, pH 4.50 and pH 4.50 ＋ 50μmol L^-1 A1^3＋ were carthlicum ≥ turgidum ≥ durum ≥ dicoccoides polinicum ≥ dicoccon, carthlicum ≥ turgidum ≥ durum ≥ polinicum ≥ dicoccon ≥ dicoccoides and durum ≥ dicoccoides carthlicum ≥ turgidum ≥polinicum ≥ dicoccon, respectively. Significant difference was also observed on the root acid tolerance index （RT11） and root A1 tolerance index （RTI2） either among or within tetraploid wheat subspecies. Compared to RTI2, RTI1 varied in a wide range but with large value. The orders of the average RTI1 and RTI2 among subspecies were polinicum ≥ dicoccon ≥ carthlicum ≥ dicoccoides ≥ turgidum ≥durum, and dicoccoides ≥ durum ≥ turgidum ≥polinicum carthlicum ≥dicoccon, respectively. Significant difference on acid and A1 tolerance was existed either among or within subspecies. Some potentially tolerance germplasms different from those derived from hexaploid wheat, including 42 acid tolerance and 41 A1 tolerance lines, were identified in 254 tetraploid wheat lines. They provide new sources for hexaploid wheat acid and A1 tolerance improvement.
文摘以亚硫酸氢钠-过硫酸铵为引发体系通过自由基聚合合成了丙烯酸(AA)/丙烯酰胺(AM)/(1-二甲氨基烯丙基)-膦酸(DMAAPA)/二乙基二烯丙基溴化铵(DDAB)四元共聚物。最佳反应条件为:m(AA)∶m(AM)∶m(DMAAPA)∶m(DDAB)=4.0∶6.0∶0.015∶0.020,w(引发剂)=0.3%,pH=7,反应温度为40℃,单体总质量分数为20%。对AA/AM/DMAAPA/DDAB的分子结构进行了IR、1 H NMR表征。研究表明:该共聚物具有良好的耐温、耐盐、抗剪切性能;当该共聚物质量分数为1.0%时,对蒙脱土的防膨率达到84.05%,与质量分数1.0%的KCl复配后测得的防膨率达到95.04%。
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA08030105)Key Programs of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KFZD-SW112)STS Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KFJ-STS-ZDTP-024)
文摘Xiaoyan 60(XY60) is a new wheat variety bred in the laboratory of Zhensheng Li.After salt treatment, seedlings of XY60 maintain green leaves and produce longer roots than the high yielding cultivar Zhongmai 175(ZM175).To explain these different phenotypes we carried out an RNA-Seq analysis using 12 samples from three tissues of both varieties subjected to salt and control treatments.By comparing data from the salt treated plants with the control, 703, 979, and 1197 differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were detected in new leaves, old leaves, and roots of XY60, respectively.The corresponding numbers for ZM175 were 613, 1401, and 1301.The most significantly enriched Gene Ontology(GO) terms and KEGG pathways were associated with polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA) metabolism in both new and old leaves from XY60.They were associated with photosynthesis and energy metabolism in ZM175.The most significantly enriched KEGG pathway in roots of both varieties was “glucosinolate biosynthesis”.In addition, jasmonic acid(JA) concentration in XY60 was higher than in ZM175, although it increased significantly in both varieties following salt treatment.Trends in relative expression levels of AOS, MYC2, and JAZ revealed by qRT-PCR were concordant with those from RNA-Seq.Our results suggest that PUFAs may contribute to salt tolerance in common wheat by enhancing the photosynthetic system and JA-related pathways.
