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Effect of Interacting Abiotic Storage Conditions on Respiration,Dry Matter Losses and Aflatoxin B_(1) Contamination of Stored Turkey’s Shelled Hazelnuts
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作者 Kalliopi Mylona Angel Medina Naresh Magan 《粮油食品科技》 2021年第6期23-28,共6页
Hazelnuts are an economically important nut which is consumed world-wide.It is prone to infection by Aspergillus flavus and contamination with aflatoxins.Taking Tukey’s hazelnuts as a research object,the objective of... Hazelnuts are an economically important nut which is consumed world-wide.It is prone to infection by Aspergillus flavus and contamination with aflatoxins.Taking Tukey’s hazelnuts as a research object,the objective of this study were to(a)quantify respiration rates and(b)dry matter losses(DMLs)and(c)aflatoxin B_(1)(AFB_(1))contamination of naturally stored shelled hazelnuts at different temperatures and water availabilities.Subsequently,shelled hazelnuts were inoculated with additional A.flavus inoculum prior to storage to examine effects on dry matter losses and on AFB_(1) contamination.Maximum respiration of hazelnuts and associated mycoflora was under wetter conditions of 0.90~0.95 water activity(aw=12.5%~18%moisture content).This resulted in between approx.10%DML at 25 and 30℃after 5 days storage.Inoculation and storage of shelled hazelnuts+A.flavus inoculum resulted in similar patterns of respiration with optimal levels at 25~30℃and>0.90 aw.Indeed,AFB_(1) contamination was highest at the maximum water levels tested of 0.90 aw.Indeed the contamination level exceeded the legislative limits set by the EU for AFB_(1) contamination of these nuts.Correlation between DMLs and all the AFB_(1) data in both sets of studies showed that very small changes in DML due to poor drying or storage of≥0.6%resulted in AFB_(1) contamination levels exceeding the EU legislative limits.Thus,efficient drying and safe monitored storage is necessary to minimise the risk of AFB_(1) contamination in this economically important commodity and to avoid exposure of consumers to such toxins. 展开更多
关键词 turkey’s hazelnuts storage REsPIRATION dry matter losses aflatoxin B_(1) Aspergillus flavus legislative limits
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Securitization and De-securitization􀋖Turkey-Syria Relations since the Syrian Crisis 被引量:1
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作者 Rahmouni Fatima ZAHRA 《Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies》 2017年第2期27-39,I0003,共14页
The article focuses on the nature of the relations between Turkey and Syria during the Syrian crisis.Although the relationship between Turkey and Syria had undergone some ups and downs in the last several years,both c... The article focuses on the nature of the relations between Turkey and Syria during the Syrian crisis.Although the relationship between Turkey and Syria had undergone some ups and downs in the last several years,both countries tried their best to improve their economic,political,cultural,and diplomatic relations.Indeed,Turkey introduced its model,“Moderate Islamic ideologies”,through Syria in the Middle East and North Africa(MENA).The“Arab Spring”of 2011 was a very good opportunity for Turkey to introduce its democratic Islamic dogmas which were welcomed by the Muslim Brotherhood leaders in some Arab Countries.But,the President of Syria,Bashar Al Assad,and his allies were very critical of Turkey’s policy.Thus,the article mainly explores the role of Turkey in Syria’s internal affairs,in particular,Erdogan’s policy towards Syrian crises.Besides,it examines Turkey’s domestic challenges and how Turkey has presented itself as a big supporter of the Arab Spring in the MENA.However,the article has found out that the current policies of Turkey towards the Syrian crisis are critical within the Middle East region.In other words,the conflicts and the wars against the Islamic State(ISIS)and the Kurdistan Workers’Party(PKK)weakened the bilateral relations.The Syrian refugees and the PKK are posing overwhelming challenges to Turkey’s economy and internal security. 展开更多
关键词 turkey-syria Relations syrian Crisis turkey’s Foreign and Domestic Policies syrian Refugees securitization and De-securitization
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SUPEROXIDE RADICAL SCAVENGING AND CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT MARINE SPECIES FROM TURKEY'S COASTS
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作者 Secil Sarikaya Aydin Yasin Genc +4 位作者 Melek Sertdemir Serdar Korpayev Bülent Gzcelioglu Belma Konuklugil U.Sebnem Harput 《World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine》 2015年第4期102-103,共2页
In this study,acetone extracts of thirteen different species distributed in Turkey Coasts including tunicates,sea anemones,sponges and corals were investigated for their superoxide(SO)radical scavenging and cytotoxic ... In this study,acetone extracts of thirteen different species distributed in Turkey Coasts including tunicates,sea anemones,sponges and corals were investigated for their superoxide(SO)radical scavenging and cytotoxic activities.VWhile SO radical scavenging activity was tested using alkaline DMSO method,cytotoxic activity was tested by MTT assay against Hep-2 cancer cell line.As a result of bioactivity studies,Paramuricea clavata extract showed 展开更多
关键词 In sO sUPEROXIDE RADICAL sCAVENGING AND CYTOTOXIC EFFECTs OF DIFFERENT MARINE sPECIEs FROM turkey’s COAsTs
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