The paper is based on literature search,introducing and analyzing the book publishing situation of modern Peking University Library from the perspective of the publisher being Peking University Library and its predece...The paper is based on literature search,introducing and analyzing the book publishing situation of modern Peking University Library from the perspective of the publisher being Peking University Library and its predecessor.It is pointed out that the majority of the book printing methods published by the modern Peking University Library are lead printing,and among the types of Chinese library classification,catalogue of library collections is the most common.展开更多
With the rise of various new reading media and the rapid development of the digitization of paper resources,the traditional function positioning of university libraries based on information query is facing unprecedent...With the rise of various new reading media and the rapid development of the digitization of paper resources,the traditional function positioning of university libraries based on information query is facing unprecedented challenges.How to deal with the change of social information?The library should be demand-oriented,re-examine its own value and find a new starting point.With the help of the concept of customer delivered value and based on 4P theory,this paper constructs the value chain of university library from the dimensions of product,image,personnel and service,and forms a multi-dimensional development positioning system.展开更多
To improve the level of informatization of university library archives management,the problems existing in the information construction of university library archives management are analyzed and some practical solutio...To improve the level of informatization of university library archives management,the problems existing in the information construction of university library archives management are analyzed and some practical solutions are proposed in this paper.These solutions can effectively reduce the investment in human resources and equipment and facilities and improve the utilization rate of resources for computer application of university library archives management.展开更多
Paper books and documents are the main media of information service in most university libraries.In order to study the main reasons for the decline of the utilization rate of paper books in university libraries,this p...Paper books and documents are the main media of information service in most university libraries.In order to study the main reasons for the decline of the utilization rate of paper books in university libraries,this paper takes a well-known university library in China as an example,discusses the current situation of its low utilization rate of paper books and the reasons for the problems,and puts forward relevant optimization strategies,so as to promote the improvement of the construction quality of university libraries in China.展开更多
Our library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment.Zones The library is divided into different zones.The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent r...Our library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment.Zones The library is divided into different zones.The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading,and places where you can sit and work with your own computer.The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs.The ground floor is the zone where you can talk.Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work.展开更多
Following the advent of and continuous progress of technology,computer network and information management have gradually being incorporated into the daily operation and management of university libraries all around th...Following the advent of and continuous progress of technology,computer network and information management have gradually being incorporated into the daily operation and management of university libraries all around the world.The service system of university libraries has also transformed from the conventional reference consulting model into a knowledge-based service model.This transformation has improved the professionalism and individualism of university libraries.Therefore,establishing a competent one-stop information service model has significant and important values.In this work,we analyzed the basic functionalities and the feasibility of one-stop information service model for university libraries.We also discussed in details the construction methodology for different modes,for reference only.展开更多
This article mainly explores and analyzes the application of network broadcast in the lecture service of university library under the cloudization background. By using the online survey method to investigate the lectu...This article mainly explores and analyzes the application of network broadcast in the lecture service of university library under the cloudization background. By using the online survey method to investigate the lectures in some universities, it introduces the classification and characteristics of the network broadcast and obtains the advantage of network broadcast applied to lecture training through making contrast between the means of network multimedia. The result shows that the introduction of network broadcast can realize more customized, virtual and specialized lecture services, and facilitate the transformation of university library services in the digital era.展开更多
By analyzing colors of university library appearance,functional,symbolic and cultural functions were taken as the foudnation of color application,special color systems of university library appearance were summarized ...By analyzing colors of university library appearance,functional,symbolic and cultural functions were taken as the foudnation of color application,special color systems of university library appearance were summarized to contruct a campus suitable for living and studying of students,and bring them sense of scenario,comfot and belonging.展开更多
With the continuous improvement of China’s social and economic level,education,especially college education,has been highly valued by people and has achieved certain results.For the development of colleges and univer...With the continuous improvement of China’s social and economic level,education,especially college education,has been highly valued by people and has achieved certain results.For the development of colleges and universities,library construction is an important part of it and to a certain extent promotes the stable development of colleges and universities.Judging from the actual development of domestic university libraries,many university libraries have gradually entered the path of socialized service.Due to the profound influence of traditional education mode and test-oriented education concept,many university libraries in China are currently developing socialization.There are some problems that need to be solved in the service work process.The existence of these problems makes many domestic university libraries unable to play their own roles and individual values,and it also seriously affects the rapid development of China’s college education.Based on this situation,the author makes an in-depth analysis and discussion on the status quo and optimization strategies of the socialization service of university libraries in China,hoping to provide reference for the social service work of college libraries nationwide.展开更多
In order to improve the service level of the University Library and increase the utilization rate of the students' libraries, the domestic libraries began to use micro-blog and WeChat. The use of micro-blog and We...In order to improve the service level of the University Library and increase the utilization rate of the students' libraries, the domestic libraries began to use micro-blog and WeChat. The use of micro-blog and WeChat is in line with the characteristics of college students and can improve the service level of University libraries effectively. In this article, I will start with introducing micro- blog and WeChat, briefly describe the current situation of using micro-blog and WeChat in university libraries, and the measures to improve the service level of university libraries by using micro-blog and WeChat.展开更多
University library plays an important role in serving all lecturers and students as it is a place where books and other information resources are collected and gathered for the purposes of reading and reference.As tim...University library plays an important role in serving all lecturers and students as it is a place where books and other information resources are collected and gathered for the purposes of reading and reference.As time goes by,university libraries have gradually open to the public to fully make use of its function as an educational and social platform.The socialized service of university library has the advantages of promoting cultural virtue and moral integrity to the public.However,there remain many issues during the development of socialized service in the university library.Besides,analyzing the difficulties and obstacles faced in socialized services of the university library,this paper aims to provide countermeasures to solve the problems.展开更多
In order to strengthen the construction of university library,promote the sustainable development of university library,and provide a good library space environment for university students,this paper expounds the qual...In order to strengthen the construction of university library,promote the sustainable development of university library,and provide a good library space environment for university students,this paper expounds the quality evaluation of university library by establishing the evaluation index of space service quality,and puts forward the ways to improve the service quality of University Library for reference.展开更多
Capital Normal University Library(CNU Library)initiated the first practical application of a 3D virtual library sites-navigation system(an electronic kiosk version)among Chinese academic and research libraries in 2010...Capital Normal University Library(CNU Library)initiated the first practical application of a 3D virtual library sites-navigation system(an electronic kiosk version)among Chinese academic and research libraries in 2010.It was primarily based on the technologies of 3DsMax and Virtools.This paper concentrates on the discussion of the methods in creating the 3D model and in realizing the interaction among the data usage of the system.As a result,several important service functions of the system have been developed successfully so far for convenient public access.They include the functions of virtual-book searching,path navigation online,real-time message exchanges,and multi-media sharing,etc.展开更多
1 Introduction New technologies and other developments haye changedthe information seeking behaviors of the academic communityand the general public.Nowhere is this more evident than inthe exponential growth of the Wo...1 Introduction New technologies and other developments haye changedthe information seeking behaviors of the academic communityand the general public.Nowhere is this more evident than inthe exponential growth of the World Wide Web and cellularphone usage.Responding to these user needs and newtechnologies,libraries are moving from being InformationWarehouses to becoming Information Portals.Full-text。展开更多
This paper stipulates that the subject-based library liaison service to a university’s teaching and research programs with certain embedded distinctive features should become the mainstream modus operandi of its libr...This paper stipulates that the subject-based library liaison service to a university’s teaching and research programs with certain embedded distinctive features should become the mainstream modus operandi of its library service.It takes the innovative service program based on an IC2 conceptualized program at Shanghai Jiao Tong University Library(thereafter abbreviated as SJTUL)as a concrete example to elucidate the merit of such an endeavor.Specifically,this paper discusses the particular development background,overall objectives and service contents of the IC2 motivated program at SJTUL.By presenting a detailed account of some of the key measures,major achievements and also possible future directions of library service development under the guiding principles of SJTUL’s IC2 program,these authors hope that its innovative library practice may serve as a reference for other academic librarians to gain some inspirations for their own parallel service innovations or refinement focused on subject-oriented library liaison service to their constituents and parent institution’s curricula and research projects.展开更多
Purpose: To have a better understanding of library users' social bookmarking behaviors, we conducted a survey of college students to examine how much attention they have paid to social bookmarking results, their s...Purpose: To have a better understanding of library users' social bookmarking behaviors, we conducted a survey of college students to examine how much attention they have paid to social bookmarking results, their social bookmarking motivations and behaviors on book sharing sites and in their library's OPAC,and their expectations to their library's social bookmarking service. Design/methodology/approach: A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate social bookmarking behaviors and motivations of users of Wuhan University Library(WUL) on book sharing sites and in WUL's OPAC. A total of 700 questionnaires were distributed and 357 valid questionnaires were retrieved. SPSS was used for data analysis. Findings: The results revealed that there were differences between users' social bookmarking behaviors on book sharing sites and in the Library's OPAC. Users preferred to use tags than add tags on book sharing sites. The main tagging motivation on book sharing sites was for meeting users' specific needs such as collection management and book recommendations. As for the Library, the lack of publicity and promotion of the social bookmarking service led to insufficient use of the Library's service. Due to a lack of knowledge of the social bookmarking service, users did not care about the lectures or publicity campaigns about the Library's social bookmarking service. Research limitations: Because social bookmarking was not common among WUL users, and the questionnaires could be handed out to a limited number of people, it was hard to describe users' social bookmarking behaviors in the Library's OPAC by investigating a sample of 357 Library users, and therefore we only investigated users' social bookmarking behaviors on the book sharing sites. Practical implications: The survey results provide insights into library users' socialbookmarking behaviors and motivations. The study will help academic libraries improve theirsocial bookmarking service. Originality/value: In spite of growing popularity of social bookmarking sites,little has beenknown about the social bookmarking behaviors of library users. This study investigatedcollege students' social bookmarking behaviors and motivations, providing suggestions for academic libraries to improve their social bookmarking services.展开更多
Background: Over the past 20 years, cultured meat has drawn a lot of public attention as a potential solution to issues with animal husbandry, including inadequate use of natural sources, improper animal welfare pract...Background: Over the past 20 years, cultured meat has drawn a lot of public attention as a potential solution to issues with animal husbandry, including inadequate use of natural sources, improper animal welfare practices, and possible risks to public health and safety. The novel method of producing meat through culture reduces the need for animals to produce muscle fiber, thereby obviating the necessity for animal slaughter. Apart from its ethical advantages, cultured meat presents a possible way to fulfill the expanding need for food among growing populations. The purpose of this research was to find out whether Turkish students would be willing to pay for and accept cultured meat. Technique: Method: 371 university students who willingly consented to fill out a questionnaire and provide demographic data make up the research sample. Questions from previous studies on the acceptability of cultured meat were compiled to create the survey. The research’s data collection took place in March and April of 2022. The research was completed in June 2022 after the data had been processed and analyzed. Results: The results showed that the majority of participants were female and had omnivorous eating habits. Based on the results of the Bonferroni correction test, students with a higher intention to purchase and consume cultured meat were those who received economics and business education. Students with two years of university education had a higher overall survey score than those with four years of education (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it is discovered that there is a negative correlation between the participants’ ages and their Factor 2 (using cultured meat as an alternative to industrial meat) and Factor 3 (consuming and purchasing it) section points (r = -109, p = 0.036) (r = -0.121, p = 0.019). In conclusion, university students generally have a negative outlook on health-related issues, such as eating cultured meat as an alternative.展开更多
Insertional mutation,phenotypic evaluation,and mutated gene cloning are widely used to clone genes from scratch.Exogenous genes can be integrated into the genome during non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)of the double-st...Insertional mutation,phenotypic evaluation,and mutated gene cloning are widely used to clone genes from scratch.Exogenous genes can be integrated into the genome during non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)of the double-strand breaks of DNA,causing insertional mutation.The random insertional mutant library constructed using this method has become a method of forward genetics for gene cloning.However,the establishment of a random insertional mutant library requires a high transformation efficiency of exogenous genes.Many microalgal species show a low transformation efficiency,making constructing random insertional mutant libraries difficult.In this study,we established a highly efficient transformation method for constructing a random insertional mutant library of Nannochloropsis oceanica,and tentatively tried to isolate its genes to prove the feasibility of the method.A gene that may control the growth rate and cell size was identified.This method will facilitate the genetic studies of N.oceanica,which should also be a reference for other microalgal species.展开更多
AIM:To compare the vergence mechanisms between good and poor sleepers in university students.METHODS:A total of 64 university students were recruited in this study.The validated Malay version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quali...AIM:To compare the vergence mechanisms between good and poor sleepers in university students.METHODS:A total of 64 university students were recruited in this study.The validated Malay version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire(PSQI-M)was used to measure the participants’sleep quality over the past month.Participants were categorized as good sleepers(n=32)and poor sleepers(n=32)based on the PSQI-M scores.Heterophoria and fusional vergences were measured at distance and near.Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare heterophoria,negative fusional vergence(NFV),and positive fusional vergence(PFV)at distance and near between good and poor sleepers.Spearman correlation analysis was used to study the relationship between PSQI-M score and PFV at distance.RESULTS:Both distance and near heterophorias were not significantly different between good and poor sleepers(P>0.05).There was a difference in distance PFV(P<0.05)between good and poor sleepers,but not in distance NFV,near NFV,and near PFV(P>0.05).Distance PFV was negatively correlated with PSQI-M score(rs=-0.33,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:University students with poor sleep quality demonstrates a reduced ability to maintain fusion with increasing convergence demand at distance.Sleep quality assessment during binocular vision examination in university students is recommended.展开更多
基金Humanities and Social Sciences Planning Fund Project of the Ministry of Education of P.R.China,titled“Research on the Books Publishing of Modern Chinese Libraries from the Perspective of Generalized Technology”(Project No.19YJA870014).
文摘The paper is based on literature search,introducing and analyzing the book publishing situation of modern Peking University Library from the perspective of the publisher being Peking University Library and its predecessor.It is pointed out that the majority of the book printing methods published by the modern Peking University Library are lead printing,and among the types of Chinese library classification,catalogue of library collections is the most common.
基金Supported by Key Research Project of Education and Teaching Reform in Beijing University of Agriculture from 2021 to 2022.
文摘With the rise of various new reading media and the rapid development of the digitization of paper resources,the traditional function positioning of university libraries based on information query is facing unprecedented challenges.How to deal with the change of social information?The library should be demand-oriented,re-examine its own value and find a new starting point.With the help of the concept of customer delivered value and based on 4P theory,this paper constructs the value chain of university library from the dimensions of product,image,personnel and service,and forms a multi-dimensional development positioning system.
文摘To improve the level of informatization of university library archives management,the problems existing in the information construction of university library archives management are analyzed and some practical solutions are proposed in this paper.These solutions can effectively reduce the investment in human resources and equipment and facilities and improve the utilization rate of resources for computer application of university library archives management.
文摘Paper books and documents are the main media of information service in most university libraries.In order to study the main reasons for the decline of the utilization rate of paper books in university libraries,this paper takes a well-known university library in China as an example,discusses the current situation of its low utilization rate of paper books and the reasons for the problems,and puts forward relevant optimization strategies,so as to promote the improvement of the construction quality of university libraries in China.
文摘Our library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment.Zones The library is divided into different zones.The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading,and places where you can sit and work with your own computer.The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs.The ground floor is the zone where you can talk.Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work.
文摘Following the advent of and continuous progress of technology,computer network and information management have gradually being incorporated into the daily operation and management of university libraries all around the world.The service system of university libraries has also transformed from the conventional reference consulting model into a knowledge-based service model.This transformation has improved the professionalism and individualism of university libraries.Therefore,establishing a competent one-stop information service model has significant and important values.In this work,we analyzed the basic functionalities and the feasibility of one-stop information service model for university libraries.We also discussed in details the construction methodology for different modes,for reference only.
文摘This article mainly explores and analyzes the application of network broadcast in the lecture service of university library under the cloudization background. By using the online survey method to investigate the lectures in some universities, it introduces the classification and characteristics of the network broadcast and obtains the advantage of network broadcast applied to lecture training through making contrast between the means of network multimedia. The result shows that the introduction of network broadcast can realize more customized, virtual and specialized lecture services, and facilitate the transformation of university library services in the digital era.
文摘By analyzing colors of university library appearance,functional,symbolic and cultural functions were taken as the foudnation of color application,special color systems of university library appearance were summarized to contruct a campus suitable for living and studying of students,and bring them sense of scenario,comfot and belonging.
文摘With the continuous improvement of China’s social and economic level,education,especially college education,has been highly valued by people and has achieved certain results.For the development of colleges and universities,library construction is an important part of it and to a certain extent promotes the stable development of colleges and universities.Judging from the actual development of domestic university libraries,many university libraries have gradually entered the path of socialized service.Due to the profound influence of traditional education mode and test-oriented education concept,many university libraries in China are currently developing socialization.There are some problems that need to be solved in the service work process.The existence of these problems makes many domestic university libraries unable to play their own roles and individual values,and it also seriously affects the rapid development of China’s college education.Based on this situation,the author makes an in-depth analysis and discussion on the status quo and optimization strategies of the socialization service of university libraries in China,hoping to provide reference for the social service work of college libraries nationwide.
文摘In order to improve the service level of the University Library and increase the utilization rate of the students' libraries, the domestic libraries began to use micro-blog and WeChat. The use of micro-blog and WeChat is in line with the characteristics of college students and can improve the service level of University libraries effectively. In this article, I will start with introducing micro- blog and WeChat, briefly describe the current situation of using micro-blog and WeChat in university libraries, and the measures to improve the service level of university libraries by using micro-blog and WeChat.
文摘University library plays an important role in serving all lecturers and students as it is a place where books and other information resources are collected and gathered for the purposes of reading and reference.As time goes by,university libraries have gradually open to the public to fully make use of its function as an educational and social platform.The socialized service of university library has the advantages of promoting cultural virtue and moral integrity to the public.However,there remain many issues during the development of socialized service in the university library.Besides,analyzing the difficulties and obstacles faced in socialized services of the university library,this paper aims to provide countermeasures to solve the problems.
文摘In order to strengthen the construction of university library,promote the sustainable development of university library,and provide a good library space environment for university students,this paper expounds the quality evaluation of university library by establishing the evaluation index of space service quality,and puts forward the ways to improve the service quality of University Library for reference.
基金supported by the Beijing Social Science Foundation in China(Grant No.SM201010028014)
文摘Capital Normal University Library(CNU Library)initiated the first practical application of a 3D virtual library sites-navigation system(an electronic kiosk version)among Chinese academic and research libraries in 2010.It was primarily based on the technologies of 3DsMax and Virtools.This paper concentrates on the discussion of the methods in creating the 3D model and in realizing the interaction among the data usage of the system.As a result,several important service functions of the system have been developed successfully so far for convenient public access.They include the functions of virtual-book searching,path navigation online,real-time message exchanges,and multi-media sharing,etc.
文摘1 Introduction New technologies and other developments haye changedthe information seeking behaviors of the academic communityand the general public.Nowhere is this more evident than inthe exponential growth of the World Wide Web and cellularphone usage.Responding to these user needs and newtechnologies,libraries are moving from being InformationWarehouses to becoming Information Portals.Full-text。
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.08CTQ001)the Elsevier Foundation of Collaborative Digital Reference Service System(CDRSS)for university libraries in China
文摘This paper stipulates that the subject-based library liaison service to a university’s teaching and research programs with certain embedded distinctive features should become the mainstream modus operandi of its library service.It takes the innovative service program based on an IC2 conceptualized program at Shanghai Jiao Tong University Library(thereafter abbreviated as SJTUL)as a concrete example to elucidate the merit of such an endeavor.Specifically,this paper discusses the particular development background,overall objectives and service contents of the IC2 motivated program at SJTUL.By presenting a detailed account of some of the key measures,major achievements and also possible future directions of library service development under the guiding principles of SJTUL’s IC2 program,these authors hope that its innovative library practice may serve as a reference for other academic librarians to gain some inspirations for their own parallel service innovations or refinement focused on subject-oriented library liaison service to their constituents and parent institution’s curricula and research projects.
基金supported by the National Youth Top-notch Talent Support Program of China
文摘Purpose: To have a better understanding of library users' social bookmarking behaviors, we conducted a survey of college students to examine how much attention they have paid to social bookmarking results, their social bookmarking motivations and behaviors on book sharing sites and in their library's OPAC,and their expectations to their library's social bookmarking service. Design/methodology/approach: A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate social bookmarking behaviors and motivations of users of Wuhan University Library(WUL) on book sharing sites and in WUL's OPAC. A total of 700 questionnaires were distributed and 357 valid questionnaires were retrieved. SPSS was used for data analysis. Findings: The results revealed that there were differences between users' social bookmarking behaviors on book sharing sites and in the Library's OPAC. Users preferred to use tags than add tags on book sharing sites. The main tagging motivation on book sharing sites was for meeting users' specific needs such as collection management and book recommendations. As for the Library, the lack of publicity and promotion of the social bookmarking service led to insufficient use of the Library's service. Due to a lack of knowledge of the social bookmarking service, users did not care about the lectures or publicity campaigns about the Library's social bookmarking service. Research limitations: Because social bookmarking was not common among WUL users, and the questionnaires could be handed out to a limited number of people, it was hard to describe users' social bookmarking behaviors in the Library's OPAC by investigating a sample of 357 Library users, and therefore we only investigated users' social bookmarking behaviors on the book sharing sites. Practical implications: The survey results provide insights into library users' socialbookmarking behaviors and motivations. The study will help academic libraries improve theirsocial bookmarking service. Originality/value: In spite of growing popularity of social bookmarking sites,little has beenknown about the social bookmarking behaviors of library users. This study investigatedcollege students' social bookmarking behaviors and motivations, providing suggestions for academic libraries to improve their social bookmarking services.
文摘Background: Over the past 20 years, cultured meat has drawn a lot of public attention as a potential solution to issues with animal husbandry, including inadequate use of natural sources, improper animal welfare practices, and possible risks to public health and safety. The novel method of producing meat through culture reduces the need for animals to produce muscle fiber, thereby obviating the necessity for animal slaughter. Apart from its ethical advantages, cultured meat presents a possible way to fulfill the expanding need for food among growing populations. The purpose of this research was to find out whether Turkish students would be willing to pay for and accept cultured meat. Technique: Method: 371 university students who willingly consented to fill out a questionnaire and provide demographic data make up the research sample. Questions from previous studies on the acceptability of cultured meat were compiled to create the survey. The research’s data collection took place in March and April of 2022. The research was completed in June 2022 after the data had been processed and analyzed. Results: The results showed that the majority of participants were female and had omnivorous eating habits. Based on the results of the Bonferroni correction test, students with a higher intention to purchase and consume cultured meat were those who received economics and business education. Students with two years of university education had a higher overall survey score than those with four years of education (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it is discovered that there is a negative correlation between the participants’ ages and their Factor 2 (using cultured meat as an alternative to industrial meat) and Factor 3 (consuming and purchasing it) section points (r = -109, p = 0.036) (r = -0.121, p = 0.019). In conclusion, university students generally have a negative outlook on health-related issues, such as eating cultured meat as an alternative.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2018YFD0901506,2018YFD0900305)the Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)(No.2018 SDKJ0406-3)。
文摘Insertional mutation,phenotypic evaluation,and mutated gene cloning are widely used to clone genes from scratch.Exogenous genes can be integrated into the genome during non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)of the double-strand breaks of DNA,causing insertional mutation.The random insertional mutant library constructed using this method has become a method of forward genetics for gene cloning.However,the establishment of a random insertional mutant library requires a high transformation efficiency of exogenous genes.Many microalgal species show a low transformation efficiency,making constructing random insertional mutant libraries difficult.In this study,we established a highly efficient transformation method for constructing a random insertional mutant library of Nannochloropsis oceanica,and tentatively tried to isolate its genes to prove the feasibility of the method.A gene that may control the growth rate and cell size was identified.This method will facilitate the genetic studies of N.oceanica,which should also be a reference for other microalgal species.
文摘AIM:To compare the vergence mechanisms between good and poor sleepers in university students.METHODS:A total of 64 university students were recruited in this study.The validated Malay version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire(PSQI-M)was used to measure the participants’sleep quality over the past month.Participants were categorized as good sleepers(n=32)and poor sleepers(n=32)based on the PSQI-M scores.Heterophoria and fusional vergences were measured at distance and near.Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare heterophoria,negative fusional vergence(NFV),and positive fusional vergence(PFV)at distance and near between good and poor sleepers.Spearman correlation analysis was used to study the relationship between PSQI-M score and PFV at distance.RESULTS:Both distance and near heterophorias were not significantly different between good and poor sleepers(P>0.05).There was a difference in distance PFV(P<0.05)between good and poor sleepers,but not in distance NFV,near NFV,and near PFV(P>0.05).Distance PFV was negatively correlated with PSQI-M score(rs=-0.33,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:University students with poor sleep quality demonstrates a reduced ability to maintain fusion with increasing convergence demand at distance.Sleep quality assessment during binocular vision examination in university students is recommended.
