Rainfall measurements are vital for the design of hydraulic structures, climate change studies, irrigation and land drainage works. The most important source of design rainfall data comes from convective storms. Accur...Rainfall measurements are vital for the design of hydraulic structures, climate change studies, irrigation and land drainage works. The most important source of design rainfall data comes from convective storms. Accurate assessment of the storm rainfall requires a fairly dense network of raingauges. In 1963, such a storm took place over Dublin in Ireland. However, the existing raingauge network was insufficient to identify both the depth and pattern of rainfall. An appeal was made by Met Eireann for additional unofficial rainfall data. The result was remarkable in that the estimated maximum rainfall depth was found to be more than double the official value and that the resulting depth area analysis suggested a rainfall volume over a large area much bigger than the original isohyet map indicated. This result has huge implications for the estimation of maximum rainfall and dam safety assessment, especially in countries where the raingauge network has a low density. This paper first provides a description of the synoptic conditions that led to the storm, second an analysis of the rainfall data and how the unofficial measurements produced a very different depth area relationship;third, the social consequences of the resulting flood are described. Fourth, the storm is then placed in the context of other storms in the British Isles Finally the implications for rainfall measurement, gauge density and an example of how revised estimates of probable maximum precipitation (PMP) have been used to improve the safety and design standard of a flood detention dam are discussed.展开更多
Genomics, Proteomics ＆ Bioinformatics （GPB, ISSN 1672-0229） is a peer-reviewed international journal in English since 2003. GPB is sponsored by Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Genetic...Genomics, Proteomics ＆ Bioinformatics （GPB, ISSN 1672-0229） is a peer-reviewed international journal in English since 2003. GPB is sponsored by Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Genetics Society of China, and jointly published bimonthly by Elsevier and Science Press.展开更多
Aims and ScopeGenomics, Proteomics ＆ Bioinformatics （GPB, ISSN 1672-0229） is a peer-reviewed interna- tional journal in English since 2003.. GPB is sponsored by Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sci...Aims and ScopeGenomics, Proteomics ＆ Bioinformatics （GPB, ISSN 1672-0229） is a peer-reviewed interna- tional journal in English since 2003.. GPB is sponsored by Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Genetics Society of China, and jointly published bimonthly by Elsevier and Science Press.展开更多
Byron's works are often considered as being cynical and tragic due to their famous Byronic heroes—often defiant, melan-choly young men as well as Byron's rebellious life experience. However, Don Juan has alre...Byron's works are often considered as being cynical and tragic due to their famous Byronic heroes—often defiant, melan-choly young men as well as Byron's rebellious life experience. However, Don Juan has already grown out of such tragic mood andself-pitying pride. In Don Juan, contrary to the serious and complete negation, the satire is ambivalent just like the medieval carni-val laughter which is deriding and downgrading as well as positive and regenerating. With the help of the Bakhtin's theory aboutthe medieval carnival, Don Juan proved to be an affirmative poem with positive sense. Byron in this poem gives a true revelation ofpassionate mutual love, shows the importance of personal and national liberty, and expands people's perception of morality as hesatires and laughs at the vices of the society.展开更多
The article examines Wutopia Lab’s transformation of the Water Tower Home(shuita zhijia,also know as‘House on the House’),a top-floor unit of a residential building converted from a water tower located in a Bulinli...The article examines Wutopia Lab’s transformation of the Water Tower Home(shuita zhijia,also know as‘House on the House’),a top-floor unit of a residential building converted from a water tower located in a Bulinli lilong neighbourhood in Shanghai.In 2015,the top-floor unit was transformed into a three-bedroom apartment,which was featured in a popular reality TV show Dream Home.Using the concept of‘raumplan’as the primary design strategy,the design deploys various heights and platforms to re-organise the internal space while largely maintaining the exterior appearance of the building.It deliberately avoided homogeneous visual control and accommodated the residents’complex functional requirements within a highly restricted space.The research scrutinises various actors’involvement during the production of the reality TV show and the transformation process.It highlights how the design team navigated the stakeholders’complex needs and the rigid yet ambiguous policy related to the regeneration of Shanghai’s unofficial urban heritage.By reflecting upon the various formal and informal design practices in this structure and its eventual demolition,the article illustrates the dilemmas in bottom-up regeneration of the historic urban environment in contemporary China.展开更多
文摘Rainfall measurements are vital for the design of hydraulic structures, climate change studies, irrigation and land drainage works. The most important source of design rainfall data comes from convective storms. Accurate assessment of the storm rainfall requires a fairly dense network of raingauges. In 1963, such a storm took place over Dublin in Ireland. However, the existing raingauge network was insufficient to identify both the depth and pattern of rainfall. An appeal was made by Met Eireann for additional unofficial rainfall data. The result was remarkable in that the estimated maximum rainfall depth was found to be more than double the official value and that the resulting depth area analysis suggested a rainfall volume over a large area much bigger than the original isohyet map indicated. This result has huge implications for the estimation of maximum rainfall and dam safety assessment, especially in countries where the raingauge network has a low density. This paper first provides a description of the synoptic conditions that led to the storm, second an analysis of the rainfall data and how the unofficial measurements produced a very different depth area relationship;third, the social consequences of the resulting flood are described. Fourth, the storm is then placed in the context of other storms in the British Isles Finally the implications for rainfall measurement, gauge density and an example of how revised estimates of probable maximum precipitation (PMP) have been used to improve the safety and design standard of a flood detention dam are discussed.
文摘Genomics, Proteomics ＆ Bioinformatics （GPB, ISSN 1672-0229） is a peer-reviewed international journal in English since 2003. GPB is sponsored by Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Genetics Society of China, and jointly published bimonthly by Elsevier and Science Press.
文摘Aims and ScopeGenomics, Proteomics ＆ Bioinformatics （GPB, ISSN 1672-0229） is a peer-reviewed interna- tional journal in English since 2003.. GPB is sponsored by Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Genetics Society of China, and jointly published bimonthly by Elsevier and Science Press.
文摘Byron's works are often considered as being cynical and tragic due to their famous Byronic heroes—often defiant, melan-choly young men as well as Byron's rebellious life experience. However, Don Juan has already grown out of such tragic mood andself-pitying pride. In Don Juan, contrary to the serious and complete negation, the satire is ambivalent just like the medieval carni-val laughter which is deriding and downgrading as well as positive and regenerating. With the help of the Bakhtin's theory aboutthe medieval carnival, Don Juan proved to be an affirmative poem with positive sense. Byron in this poem gives a true revelation ofpassionate mutual love, shows the importance of personal and national liberty, and expands people's perception of morality as hesatires and laughs at the vices of the society.
基金Sponsored by Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,No.23ZR1468300.
文摘The article examines Wutopia Lab’s transformation of the Water Tower Home(shuita zhijia,also know as‘House on the House’),a top-floor unit of a residential building converted from a water tower located in a Bulinli lilong neighbourhood in Shanghai.In 2015,the top-floor unit was transformed into a three-bedroom apartment,which was featured in a popular reality TV show Dream Home.Using the concept of‘raumplan’as the primary design strategy,the design deploys various heights and platforms to re-organise the internal space while largely maintaining the exterior appearance of the building.It deliberately avoided homogeneous visual control and accommodated the residents’complex functional requirements within a highly restricted space.The research scrutinises various actors’involvement during the production of the reality TV show and the transformation process.It highlights how the design team navigated the stakeholders’complex needs and the rigid yet ambiguous policy related to the regeneration of Shanghai’s unofficial urban heritage.By reflecting upon the various formal and informal design practices in this structure and its eventual demolition,the article illustrates the dilemmas in bottom-up regeneration of the historic urban environment in contemporary China.
