BACKGROUND Retinopathy is the most common microvascular disease of type 2 diabetes,and seriously threatens the life,health and quality of life of patients.It is worth noting that the development of diabetic retinopath...BACKGROUND Retinopathy is the most common microvascular disease of type 2 diabetes,and seriously threatens the life,health and quality of life of patients.It is worth noting that the development of diabetic retinopathy(DR)can be hidden,with few symptoms.Therefore,the preliminary screening of diabetic patients should identify DR as soon as possible,delay disease progression,and play a vital role in its diagnosis and treatment.AIM To investigate the correlation between glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),urinary microalbumin(U-mALB),urinary creatinine(U-CR),mALB/U-CR ratio,β2 microglobulin(β2MG),retinol binding protein(RBP)and DR.METHODS A total of 180 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the Second People’s Hospital of Hefei from January 2022 to August 2022 were retrospectively enrolled by ophthalmologists.Based on whether they had combined retinopathy and its degree,68 patients with diabetes mellitus without retinopathy(NDR)were assigned to the NDR group,54 patients with non-proliferative DR(NPDR)to the NPDR group,and 58 patients with proliferative DR to the PDR group.General data,and HbA1c,mALB,β2MG,RBP,mALB/U-CR and U-CR results were collected from the patients and compared among the groups.Pearson's correlation method was used to analyze the correlation between HbA1c,mALB,β2MG,RBP,mALB/U-CR and U-CR indices,and multiple linear regression was applied to identify the risk factors for DR.Receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curves were also drawn.RESULTS The differences in age,gender,systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the groups were not statistically significantly(P>0.05),but the difference in disease duration was statistically significant(P<0.05).The differences in fasting blood glucose,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,total cholesterol,and triglyceride between the groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05).HbA1c in the PDR group was higher than that in the NPDR and NDR groups(P<0.05).The levels of mALB,β2MG,RBP,mALB/U-CR and UCR in the PDR group were higher than those in the NPDR and NDR groups(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that disease duration,HbA1c,mALB,β2MG,RBP,mALB/U-CR and U-CR were risk factors for the development of DR.The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve(AUC)for the combination of indices(HbA1c+mALB+mALB/U-CR+U-CR+β2MG+RBP)was 0.958,with a sensitivity of 94.83%and specificity of 96.72%,which was higher than the AUC for single index prediction(P<0.05).CONCLUSION HbA1c,mALB,mALB/U-CR,U-CR,β2MG and RBP can reflect the development of DR and are risk factors affecting PDR,and the combination of these six indices has predictive value for PDR.展开更多
Objective The study aimed to analyze the applicability of the World Health Organization’s exclusionary guidelines for Urinary creatinine(Ucr)in the general Chinese population,and to identify Ucr related factors.Metho...Objective The study aimed to analyze the applicability of the World Health Organization’s exclusionary guidelines for Urinary creatinine(Ucr)in the general Chinese population,and to identify Ucr related factors.Methods We conduct a cross-sectional study using baseline data from 21,167 participants in the China National Human Biomonitoring Program.Mixed linear models and restricted cubic splines(RCS)were used to analyze the associations between explanatory variables and Ucr concentration.Results The geometric mean and median concentrations of Ucr in the general Chinese population were 0.90 g/L and 1.01 g/L,respectively.And 9.36%samples were outside 0.3-3.0 g/L,including 7.83%below the lower limit and 1.53%above the upper limit.Middle age,male,obesity,smoking,higher frequency of red meat consumption and chronic kidney disease were associated significantly with higher concentrations of Ucr.Results of the RCS showed Ucr was positively and linearly associated with body mass index,inversely and linearly associated with systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,triglycerides level,and glomerular filtration rate,and were non-linearly associated with triiodothyronine.Conclusion The age-and gender-specific cut-off values of Ucr that determine the validity of urine samples in the general Chinese population were recommended.To avoid introducing bias into epidemiologic associations,the potential predictors of Ucr observed in the current study should be considered when using Ucr to adjust for variations in urine dilution.展开更多
BACKGROUND Proteinuria is an important and well-known biomarker of many forms of kidney injury.Its quantitation is of particular importance in the diagnosis and management of glomerular diseases.Its quantification can...BACKGROUND Proteinuria is an important and well-known biomarker of many forms of kidney injury.Its quantitation is of particular importance in the diagnosis and management of glomerular diseases.Its quantification can be done by several methods.Among these,the measurement of 24-h urinary protein excretion is the gold standard method.However,it is cumbersome,time-consuming,and inconvenient for patients and is not completely foolproof.Many alternative methods have been tested over time albeit with conflicting results.Among the latter,the measurement of urine protein-to-creatinine ratio(uPCR)in singlevoided urinary samples is widely used.The majority of studies found a good correlation between uPCR in single urine samples with 24-h urinary protein estimation,whereas others did not.AIM To investigate the correlation of spot uPCR with 24-h urinary protein estimation in patients suffering from different forms of glomerulopathies at a single largevolume nephrological center in Pakistan.METHODS This cross-sectional,observational study was conducted at the Department of Nephrology,Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation,Karachi,Pakistan from September 2017 to March 2018.All newly presenting adult patients with proteinuria who were being investigated for suspected glomerulonephritis and persistent proteinuria with ages between 18 to 60 years were enrolled.All patients were given detailed advice regarding 24-h urine collection starting at 7:00 AM for total protein and creatinine excretion estimations.A spot urine sample was collected the next day at the time of submission of a 24-h urine sample for measuring uPCR along with a blood sample.The data of patients were collected in a proforma.SPSS version 20.0 was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS A total of 157 patients were included.Their mean age was 30.45±12.11 years.There were 94(59.8%)males and 63(40.2%)females.The mean 24-h urinary protein excretion was 3192.78±1959.79 mg and the mean spot uPCR was 3.16±1.52 in all patients.A weak but significant correlation was observed between spot uPCR and 24-h urinary protein excretion(r=0.342,P=0.01)among all patients.On subgroup analysis,a slightly better correlation was found in patients older than 47 years(r=0.78),and those with body mass index>25 kg/m2(r=0.45).The Bland and Altman's plot analysis comparing the differences between spot uPCR and 24-h protein measurement also showed a wide range of the limits of agreement between the two methods.CONCLUSION Overall,the results from this study showed a significant and weakly positive correlation between spot uPCR and 24-h urinary protein estimation in different forms of glomerulopathies.The agreement between the two methods was also poor.Hence,there is a need for careful interpretation of the ratio in an unselected group of patients with kidney disease.展开更多
It is estimated that chronic kidney disease(CKD)will be the fifth leading cause of death in the world by 2040[1].Early recognition and intervention for kidney damage are essential.Estimated glomerular filtration rate(...It is estimated that chronic kidney disease(CKD)will be the fifth leading cause of death in the world by 2040[1].Early recognition and intervention for kidney damage are essential.Estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)can be calculated by measuring blood creatinine to evaluate glomerular function,and urinary N-acetyl-β-δ-glucosaminidase(UNAG)level is generally recognized as a marker of renal tubular injury.Exposure to lead(Pb)and cadmium(Cd)can damage renal function,leading to a decrease in eGFR and an increase in UNAG[2].Both Pb and Cd are easily accumulated in the body and then slowly released by the kidneys and excreted.So,urinary Pb(UPb)and Cd(UCd)levels can be used as biomarkers of exposure[3,4].展开更多
Objective:To assess the epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis among women of reproductive age in Mwaluphamba,Kwale County,Kenya.Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study desi...Objective:To assess the epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis among women of reproductive age in Mwaluphamba,Kwale County,Kenya.Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed to randomly sample 422 women of reproductive age(15-<50 years)from four villages in Mwaluphamba location.Stool specimens were collected and examined using the Kato-Katz method,while filtration technique was used to analyze urine specimens.Participants’sociodemographic details were obtained using a standardized questionnaire.Results:Urinary schistosomiasis prevalence was at 4.7%(20/422,95%CI 2.8%-6.9%)while the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis infection was 4.5%(19/422,95%CI 2.6%-6.7%).The infection intensities of urinary schistosomiasis among the study participants ranged from 1 to 120 eggs/10 mL of urine with median egg count of 18.45 eggs/10 mL.The patients were diagnosed with light infection,of 56.16 egg/gram and 48.48 egg/gram for Trichuris trichiura and hookworms,respectively.Women without latrines had 15.7 times higher risk of having urinary schistosomiasis compared to those with a latrine.Similarly,use of surface water(aOR=1.0,95%CI 0.2-1.4,P=0.010)and crossing the river to go to a place(aOR=1.1,95%CI 0.3-1.6,P=0.009)were statistically significant risk factors for getting urinary schistosomiasis.In bivariable regression analysis,defecating around the water source(OR=4.3,95%CI 1.5-12.9)had a statistically significant association with the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis(P=0.008).Conclusions:This study has given an insight on the prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Mwaluphamba location that form a basis for strengthening the control and elimination programmes for these neglected tropical diseases.展开更多
Introduction: Infection disease is a real publique health problem. The rise of resistance for modern antibiotic in infections treatment imposed us order alternatives. The study objective was to contribute in the knowl...Introduction: Infection disease is a real publique health problem. The rise of resistance for modern antibiotic in infections treatment imposed us order alternatives. The study objective was to contribute in the knowledge of medicinal plants uses in urinary infections treatment in N’Djamena (Chad) in view for amelioration the traditional medicine in future. Methodology: The study was conducted in the city of N’Djamena in the Republic of Chad that interviewed 60 traditherapists on using 11 plants for urinary tract infections treatment. The methodology of this study consisted of the knowledge of medicinal plants that used by traditherapists, and the plants identification was done in the laboratory of IRED at Farcha. Results: A total of 60 traditherapists was interrogated on the plants used in the treatment of urinary tract infections among the population of N’Djamena. The majority of traditherapists interrogated in this study were male with the rate of 61.67% against female with the rate of 38.33%. The age range of traditherapists was between 20 to 80 years, 25 (41.67%) from the age range between 30 - 50 years and 35 (58.33%) in age range from 50 to 70 years. For the origin of their knowledge, the study showed that 72% of traditherapists inherited the knowledge from their family, while 15% inherited from the family and from training. The ethnic groups of the traditherapists were Sara (16%), Maraba (12%) and Massa (11%). According to the results, 18.33% were illiterates, 49% attended primary school and 33.34% the secondary school. Our study found that 11 species of plants belonging to 11 families were used in the treatment of urinary tract infection and the Ziziphus spina-christi was the most represented. According to traditherapists the Ziziphus spina-christi, Cassia obovata and Euphorbia hirta were the most frequent plants used in the urinary tract infections treatment. The parts of plants used in the treatment were leaves and bark, grained leaves and entire plants with the proportion of 50%, 16.67 and 15% respectively. Conclusion: This study revealed that the medicinal plants are variously used in the treatment of infection urinary tract in the city of N’Djamena.展开更多
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is a major risk factor for chronic gastritis,affecting approximately half of the global population.H.pylori eradication is a popular treatment method for H.pylori-posi...BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is a major risk factor for chronic gastritis,affecting approximately half of the global population.H.pylori eradication is a popular treatment method for H.pylori-positive chronic gastritis,but its mecha-nism remains unclear.Urinary metabolomics has been used to elucidate the mechanisms of gastric disease treatment.However,no clinical study has been conducted on urinary metabolomics of chronic gastritis.AIM To elucidate the urinary metabolic profiles during H.pylori eradication in patients with chronic gastritis.METHODS We applied LC–MS-based metabolomics and network pharmacology to in-vestigate the relationships between urinary metabolites and H.pylori-positive chronic gastritis via a clinical follow-up study.RESULTS Our study revealed the different urinary metabolic profiles of H.pylori-positive chronic gastritis before and after H.pylori eradication.The metabolites regulated by H.pylori eradication therapy include cis-aconitic acid,isocitric acid,citric acid,L-tyrosine,L-phenylalanine,L-tryptophan,and hippuric acid,which were involved in four metabolic pathways:(1)Phenylalanine metabolism;(2)phenylalanine,tyrosine,and tryptophan biosynthesis;(3)citrate cycle;and(4)glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.Integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology revealed that MPO,COMT,TPO,TH,EPX,CMA1,DDC,TPH1,and LPO were the key proteins involved in the biological progress of H.pylori eradication in chronic gastritis.CONCLUSION Our research provides a new perspective for exploring the significance of urinary metabolites in evaluating the treatment and prognosis of H.pylori-positive chronic gastritis patients.展开更多
Objective This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between urinary metals copper(Cu),arsenic(As),strontium(Sr),barium(Ba),iron(Fe),lead(Pb)and manganese(Mn)and grip strength.Methods We used linear re...Objective This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between urinary metals copper(Cu),arsenic(As),strontium(Sr),barium(Ba),iron(Fe),lead(Pb)and manganese(Mn)and grip strength.Methods We used linear regression models,quantile g-computation and Bayesian kernel machine regression(BKMR)to assess the relationship between metals and grip strength.Results In the multimetal linear regression,Cu(β=−2.119),As(β=−1.318),Sr(β=−2.480),Ba(β=0.781),Fe(β=1.130)and Mn(β=−0.404)were significantly correlated with grip strength(P<0.05).The results of the quantile g-computation showed that the risk of occurrence of grip strength reduction was−1.007(95%confidence interval:−1.362,−0.652;P<0.001)when each quartile of the mixture of the seven metals was increased.Bayesian kernel function regression model analysis showed that mixtures of the seven metals had a negative overall effect on grip strength,with Cu,As and Sr being negatively associated with grip strength levels.In the total population,potential interactions were observed between As and Mn and between Cu and Mn(P_(interactions) of 0.003 and 0.018,respectively).Conclusion In summary,this study suggests that combined exposure to metal mixtures is negatively associated with grip strength.Cu,Sr and As were negatively correlated with grip strength levels,and there were potential interactions between As and Mn and between Cu and Mn.展开更多
Objectives:The objectives of this study were to assess the knowledge and practice skills on home-based urinary catheter care among parents of under-five children with urinary catheter.Materials and Methods:This cross-...Objectives:The objectives of this study were to assess the knowledge and practice skills on home-based urinary catheter care among parents of under-five children with urinary catheter.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1,2021,to September 11,2021,in a tertiary hospital in north India.Purposive sampling was used to select 50 participants.Three instruments were employed for data collection after fulfilling sample criteria;for baseline information demographic tool,knowledge questionnaires,and a practice checklist.Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results:On assessment of 50 participants,the majority of parents aged above 30 years(74%).Most of the participants were male(82%),graduated(38%),and working in the private sector(58%).Similarly,two-thirds of participants were residing in a nuclear family(64%)with a single child 32(64%)and family income<5000 rupees per month(60%).The mean score of knowledge was 1.94±0.81 and that of practice skills was 1.98±0.85 on home-based care.Regression analysis showed that knowledge of parents was significantly associated with qualification(β:1.821,P=0.002).Similarly,association of practice skills of parents with gender(β:1.235,P=0.050)and qualification(β:1.889,P=0.00)was significant.Conclusion:The general findings of our study showed that parents’education and occupation played a significant role in a child’s care.Parental education and catheter care skills positively affect the child and reduce readmission rates.展开更多
Objective: To determine the epidemiologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic features of urinary in northern Benin from 2018 to 2023. Patients and Method: The study was an observational and descriptive one. We exhaustively ...Objective: To determine the epidemiologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic features of urinary in northern Benin from 2018 to 2023. Patients and Method: The study was an observational and descriptive one. We exhaustively and retrospectively collected data from the medical records of the patients that were managed from February 1, 2018 to February 1, 2023 at the Department of Surgery of “Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départmental Borgou-Alibori or CHUD-BA”. Results: Among the 4522 patients managed, 75% or 1.7% had urinary stone disease. Their mean age was 41 years. The sex ratio was 2.75, the males being predominantly affected. Of the 75 cases of urinary stone disease, 30.7% (n = 23) were renal, 46.7% (n = 35) were ureteral, and 22.7% (n = 17) were vesical. The patients came from variable geographical areas, ethnic groups, and professional sectors. Their main complaints were pain (57.3%), hematuria (14.7%), dysuria (12%), and fever (5.3%). 15 (20%) patients, i.e., 7 renal stone and 8 ureteral stone patients, had an obstructive renal failure. The imaging tools available were ultrasonography, tomography and computed tomographic scan. 11 of the bladder stone cases (64.7%) were associated with a bladder outlet obstruction. Overall, 38.7% of the patients had either diabetes mellitus (6.7%), hypertension or high blood pressure (6.7%), benign prostate hyperplasia (8%), urinary schistosomiasis (6.7%), ureteral pelvic junction obstruction (2.7%), and prostate cancer (1.3%). Of the 19 patients whose dietary behavior was investigated 15 (79%), 11 (57.9%) et 11 (57.9%) demonstrated a diet which was respectively rich in milk, fromage and meat. 100% of bladder stones were removed through cystolithotomy. Renal stones were removed by pyelolithtomy (52.2%) and nephrolithotomy (21.7%). Ureteral stones were removed through ureterolithotomy (40%), expelled by means of alpha-blockers (40%) or managed with ureteral pigtail stent (20%). Conclusion: The hospital prevalence of urinary stone disease was 1.7%. The mean age in urinary stone-affected patients was 41 years. The urinary stone predominantly affected male patients: the sex ratio was 2.75. The stones were mainly removed through open surgery.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease(DKD),characterized by increased urinary microalbumin levels and decreased renal function,is the primary cause of end-stage renal di-sease.Its pathological mechanisms are complicated ...BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease(DKD),characterized by increased urinary microalbumin levels and decreased renal function,is the primary cause of end-stage renal di-sease.Its pathological mechanisms are complicated and multifactorial;Therefore,sensitive and specific biomarkers are needed.Urinary exosome originate from diverse renal cells in nephron segments and partially mirror the pathological changes in the kidney.The microRNAs(miRNAs)in urinary exosome are remark-ably stable and highly tissue-specific for the kidney.METHODS Type 2 diabetic mellitus(T2DM)patients were recruited from the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University and were divided into two groups:DM,diabetic pa-tients without albuminuria[urinary albumin to creatinine ratio(UACR)<30 mg/g]and DKD,diabetic patients with albuminuria(UACR≥30 mg/g).Healthy subjects were the normal control(NC)group.Urinary exosomal miR-145-5p,miR-27a-3p,and miR-29c-3p,were detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The correlation between exosomal miRNAs and the clinical in-dexes was evaluated.The diagnostic values of exosomal miR-145-5p and miR-27a-3p in DKD were determined using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis.Biological functions of miR-145-5p were investigated by performing RESULTS Urinary exosomal expression of miR-145-5p and miR-27a-3p was more upregulated in the DKD group than in the DM group(miR-145-5p:4.54±1.45 vs 1.95±0.93,P<0.001;miR-27a-3p:2.33±0.79 vs 1.71±0.76,P<0.05)and the NC group(miR-145-5p:4.54±1.45 vs 1.55±0.83,P<0.001;miR-27a-3p:2.33±0.79 vs 1.10±0.51,P<0.001).The exosomal miR-145-5p and miR-27a-3p positively correlated with albuminuria and serum creatinine and negatively correlated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate.miR-27a-3p was also closely related to blood glucose,gly-cosylated hemoglobin A1c,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.ROC analysis revealed that miR-145-5p had a better area under the curve of 0.88[95%confidence interval(CI):0.784-0.985,P<0.0001]in diagnosing DKD than miR-27a-3p with 0.71(95%CI:0.547-0.871,P=0.0239).Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the target genes of miR-145-5p were located in the actin filament,cytoskeleton,and extracellular exosome and were involved in the pathological processes of DKD,including apoptosis,inflammation,and fibrosis.CONCLUSION Urinary exosomal miR-145-5p and miR-27a-3p may serve as novel noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers or promising therapeutic targets for DKD.展开更多
Introduction: Quality of life in Parkinson disease is not necessary linked to motor symptoms. It’s correlated of overactive bladders and prostatic symptoms. Prognosis factors of urinary quality of life are unknown. O...Introduction: Quality of life in Parkinson disease is not necessary linked to motor symptoms. It’s correlated of overactive bladders and prostatic symptoms. Prognosis factors of urinary quality of life are unknown. Objectives: Our study aims to find prognosis factors of quality of life associated specifically of urinary disorders in PD. Patients and methods: We conducted a transversal, analytic and descriptive study in Physical Medicine, and Neurology departments, Fann Teaching Hospital, Dakar and included patients followed for treatment of PD. Urinary disorders, quality of life and functional autonomy were assessed respectively by Urinary Symptoms Profile (USP), Qualiven Short Form, Schwab and England Scale. Results: 38 patients presented PD, with a mean age of 60.89 ± 13.6 years and sex-ratio of 2.45. Mean duration of PD was 3.1 ± 2.9 years. Urinary disorders were found in 47.36% and dominated by incontinence (88.88%) and overactive bladders (88.88%) which were minor in more than 55%. Quality of life was impaired in 88.88% of cases. Minor forms (43.75%) were predominant and constraint dimension (50%) was the most severely altered. Prognosis factors for quality of life of urinary disorders were PD stages (0.046) and functional autonomy (0.042). Discussion and conclusion: Urinary disorders in PD are common, impaired quality of life, especially the constraint dimension, depends on stage of evolution of PD and functional autonomy of patients.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the effect of arterial embolism(AE)in patients with massive urinary system bleeding(MBUS).Methods:From September 2018 to September 2023,175 cases of MBUS patients in the emergency department of th...Objective:To analyze the effect of arterial embolism(AE)in patients with massive urinary system bleeding(MBUS).Methods:From September 2018 to September 2023,175 cases of MBUS patients in the emergency department of the hospital were randomly selected and divided into groups according to the length of stay.Among them,85 cases(September 2018–September 2020)underwent bladder irrigation treatment with aluminum potassium sulfate solution through a catheter(Group A),and 90 cases(October 2020–September 2023)underwent AE treatment(Group B).The treatment effects of the two groups were compared.Results:The treatment effectiveness of Group B is higher than that of Group A(P<0.05).The urinary hemoglobin level of Group B is lower than that of Group A at 1,6,12,and 24 hours after treatment(P<0.05).Among the 90 cases treated with AE,7 cases had a fever,with body temperatures ranging from 37.3°C to 38.9℃,with a mean temperature of 38.2±0.3℃.Four cases experienced local pain,nausea,and vomiting,while two cases of intra-iliac AE showed transient buttock pain.These patients with adverse reactions were treated symptomatically for 7 days.All patients recovered after treatment.Intravenous urography of 87 patients in June showed that the renal pelvis and calyces were in good condition,the renal function returned to normal,and the blood urea nitrogen and blood creatinine test results were within the normal range.After 1 year of follow-up,no hypertension occurred.Conclusion:AE treats MBUS patients in the emergency department with remarkable efficacy.It has the advantages of less damage to the body,rapid hemostasis,high safety,and maximum preservation of organ function.展开更多
Objective To determine whether urinary myeloperoxidase to creatinine ratio(MCR)can serve as a marker for diagnosis of urinary tract infection(UTI).Methods Patients suspected of UTI were consecutively enrolled and furt...Objective To determine whether urinary myeloperoxidase to creatinine ratio(MCR)can serve as a marker for diagnosis of urinary tract infection(UTI).Methods Patients suspected of UTI were consecutively enrolled and further divided into the culture positive and the sterile groups according to urine culture results.Subsequently,MCR,white blood cell(WBC)and bacteria in the urinary samples from patients were detected and compared between the two groups.Results Finally,253 patients were enrolled including 157 urine culture positive patients and 96 urine culture negative patients(sterile group).After logarithmic transformation in 2 as the base,the MCR,WBC,and bacteria were separately presented as log2 MCR,log2 WBC(quantitative),and log2 bacteria.The values of log2 MCR(8.6±2.5 vs.5.4±1.5,t=-12.453,P=0.001),log2 WBC(quantitative)(8.0±2.5 vs.5.2±1.8,t=-10.332,P=0.001),log2 bacteria(11.4±2.5 vs.8.2±2.8,t=-9.297,P=0.001)and WBC(semi-quantitative)[2(interquartile range 1,3)vs.1(interquartile range 0.5,1),Z=-7.580,P=0.001]showed significant difference between the urine culture positive group and the sterile group.Among the urine culture positive group,the values of log2 MCR of the gram positive and gram negative subgroups were 7.2±2.5 and 9.0±2.4(t=4.016,P=0.001),respectively.The correlation between log2 MCR and log2 WBC(quantitative),log2 bacteria,WBC(semi-quantitative)was 0.708(Pearson correlation,P=0.001),0.381(Pearson correlation,P=0.001),and 0.606(Spearman correlation,P=0.001),respectively.Conclusions MCR is positively correlated with WBC counts and could be served as a promising biomarker for diagnosis of UTI.MCR could be even used for initial inference of infectious bacteria types of UTI.展开更多
Objectives: Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis of preeclampsia is important to help patients with preeclampsia. However, 24-hour urine collection is the go...Objectives: Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis of preeclampsia is important to help patients with preeclampsia. However, 24-hour urine collection is the gold standard diagnostic method at present. Recently, the spot urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (P/C ratio) has been used to detect suspected preeclampsia, because it can be used to estimate the amount of 24-hour urinary protein. The aim of this study is to investigate whether an increase in P/C ratio precedes emergence of hypertension among inpatients with preeclampsia. Method: The P/C ratio in normotensive (systolic blood pressure < 140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg) pregnant women was measured during regular prenatal checkups and in inpatients with preeclampsia between April 1, 2013 and March 31, 2014. Results: We included in this study 4074 normotensive pregnant women. The 95th percentile values for the trimester of pregnancy were 0.100, 0.157, and 0.195, respectively. The 95th percentile value for each trimester of pregnancy and gestational age were determined as criterion (Y) and predictive variables (X), respectively. In a simple regression analysis, the regression line was calculated as Y = 0.0035X + 0.0849 (R2 = 0.9913). Twenty-one women were diagnosed with preeclampsia. In 14 patients with preeclampsia, the timing of the increase in P/C ratio to higher than the regression line preceded the emergence of hypertension. Six patients had no data on P/C ratio, and 1 patient had hypertension before the increase in P/C ratio. Conclusions: An increase in P/C ratio to higher than the 95th percentile value can be a useful predictor of preeclampsia.展开更多
To estimate the rate of excretion of urinary calcium, a 24-hour sample of urine is required and this is not always easy to collect accurately in infant and children. So, random urine calcium to creatinine ratio (Ca/Cr...To estimate the rate of excretion of urinary calcium, a 24-hour sample of urine is required and this is not always easy to collect accurately in infant and children. So, random urine calcium to creatinine ratio (Ca/Cr ratio) has been developed. But as the ratio varies worldwide, reference values of the parameter in paediatric population are not developed. To determine reference value, the present study was conducted in healthy paediatric population in Burdwan district, West Bengal. This study was performed on 693 healthy paediatric subjects, aged between 3 months to 18 years and divided into five groups. Early morning non-fasting urine samples from all study groups were analyzed for Ca/Cr ratio. A negative correlation was observed between age and urinary Ca/Cr ratio, but there was no significant difference of urinary Ca/Cr ratio between two sexes. Considering 97.5th percentile of the underlying distribution of values as the upper limit of reference range, upper reference values of urinary Ca/Cr ratio for age groups展开更多
Randomized urinary and blood samples were obtained from three hundred and ninety-two cases of late pregnancies simultaneously for comparison of the validity in perinatal fetal monitoring. The results of randomized uri...Randomized urinary and blood samples were obtained from three hundred and ninety-two cases of late pregnancies simultaneously for comparison of the validity in perinatal fetal monitoring. The results of randomized urinary estriol/creatinine （RUE<sub>3</sub>/C） and serum free estriol （SFE<sub>3</sub>） tests revealed that Ⅰ. The coefficient of correlation between RUE<sub>3</sub>/C and SFE<sub>3</sub> level were close in either normal or high-risk pregnancies （y=0.1477X+14.2368, r=0.4586, n=170; y=0.1724X+8.6698, r=0.5868, n=222, respectively, P【0.001）; 2.92%cases of the false positive rate of RUE<sub>3</sub>/C were corrected by SFE<sub>3</sub> test. In cases of pregnancy-induced hypertension （PIH） the false positive rate of RUE<sub>3</sub>/C were highest in comparison with those in cuses of other high-risk pregnancies （53.6%）; 3. The correct rate of SFE<sub>3</sub> test in prenatal predication of fetal well-being was significantly higher （95.6%） than that of RUE<sub>3</sub>/C （87.3%） （X<sup>2</sup>=17.77, P【0.001）. This paper suggests that RUE<sub>3</sub>/C can be used as a first line test for perinatal monitoring. When RUE<sub>3</sub>/C value is lower than normal, SFE<sub>3</sub> test should be added to ensure the reliability of perinatal diagnosis, especially in PIH cases. Obviously, to use these two tests for perinatal fetal monitoring simultaneously is better than to use any one test alone.展开更多
BACKGROUND Urological calculi often cause renal colic,which is characterized by paroxysmal or persistent severe pain in the upper abdomen or lumbar region.Development of methods to quickly relieve these pain symptoms ...BACKGROUND Urological calculi often cause renal colic,which is characterized by paroxysmal or persistent severe pain in the upper abdomen or lumbar region.Development of methods to quickly relieve these pain symptoms has garnered clinical attention.Wrist-ankle acupuncture is a type of floating acupuncture therapy administered at selected points in the carpal and ankle areas,and it has good pain-relieving effects.We used wrist-ankle acupuncture combined with pain nursing for pain intervention in patients with renal calculi to confirm its application and safety.AIM To study the effect of wrist-ankle acupuncture combined with pain nursing in the treatment of urinary calculi with acute pain.METHODS Eighty-two patients with urinary calculi with acute pain as the first symptom followed at our hospital from November 2019 to June 2021 were enrolled in the study and classified into two groups according to the odd and even numbers of the visit sequences,each with 41 cases.The control group received a routine nursing intervention and intramuscular injection of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,whereas the observation group received pain management nursing and wrist-ankle acupuncture.Subsequently,the pain-relieving effect was compared between the two groups.RESULTS The score on the visual analog scale(VAS)at 24,48,and 72 h postintervention was decreased in both groups compared with the baseline data;moreover,the observation group scored significantly lower than the control group on the VAS at each time point after the intervention(P<0.05).The clinical efficacy at 24 h postintervention was not significantly different between the two groups(P>0.05).In turn,the pain recurrence rate at 72 h postintervention was lower in the observation group compared with the control group(P<0.05).Finally,the nursing satisfaction rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that observed in the control group(P<0.05).No serious adverse reactions occurred during the treatment and the safety of treatment was high in both groups.CONCLUSION Wrist-ankle acupuncture combined with pain nursing for treating urolithiasis with acute pain effectively alleviated the degree of pain and reduced the recurrence rate,which was worthy of clinical application.展开更多
BACKGROUND Urinary sepsis is frequently seen in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)complicated with upper urinary tract calculi(UUTCs).Currently,the known risk factors of urinary sepsis are not uniform.AIM To analyze ...BACKGROUND Urinary sepsis is frequently seen in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)complicated with upper urinary tract calculi(UUTCs).Currently,the known risk factors of urinary sepsis are not uniform.AIM To analyze the risk factors of concurrent urinary sepsis in patients with DM complicated with UUTCs by logistic regression.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 384 patients with DM complicated with UUTCs treated in People’s Hospital of Jincheng between February 2018 and May 2022.The patients were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and 204 patients were enrolled.The patients were assigned to an occurrence group(n=78)and a nonoccurrence group(n=126).Logistic regression was adopted to analyze the risk factors for urinary sepsis,and a risk prediction model was established.RESULTS Gender,age,history of lumbago and abdominal pain,operation time,urine leukocytes(U-LEU)and urine glucose(U-GLU)were independent risk factors for patients with concurrent urinary sepsis(P<0.05).Risk score=0.794×gender+0.941×age+0.901×history of lumbago and abdominal pain-1.071×operation time+1.972×U-LEU+1.541×U-GLU.The occurrence group had notably higher risk scores than the nonoccurrence group(P<0.0001).The area under the curve of risk score for forecasting concurrent urinary sepsis in patients was 0.801,with specificity of 73.07%,sensitivity of 79.36%and Youden index of 52.44%.CONCLUSION Sex,age,history of lumbar and abdominal pain,operation time,ULEU and UGLU are independent risk factors for urogenic sepsis in diabetic patients with UUTC.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Retinopathy is the most common microvascular disease of type 2 diabetes,and seriously threatens the life,health and quality of life of patients.It is worth noting that the development of diabetic retinopathy(DR)can be hidden,with few symptoms.Therefore,the preliminary screening of diabetic patients should identify DR as soon as possible,delay disease progression,and play a vital role in its diagnosis and treatment.AIM To investigate the correlation between glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),urinary microalbumin(U-mALB),urinary creatinine(U-CR),mALB/U-CR ratio,β2 microglobulin(β2MG),retinol binding protein(RBP)and DR.METHODS A total of 180 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the Second People’s Hospital of Hefei from January 2022 to August 2022 were retrospectively enrolled by ophthalmologists.Based on whether they had combined retinopathy and its degree,68 patients with diabetes mellitus without retinopathy(NDR)were assigned to the NDR group,54 patients with non-proliferative DR(NPDR)to the NPDR group,and 58 patients with proliferative DR to the PDR group.General data,and HbA1c,mALB,β2MG,RBP,mALB/U-CR and U-CR results were collected from the patients and compared among the groups.Pearson's correlation method was used to analyze the correlation between HbA1c,mALB,β2MG,RBP,mALB/U-CR and U-CR indices,and multiple linear regression was applied to identify the risk factors for DR.Receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curves were also drawn.RESULTS The differences in age,gender,systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the groups were not statistically significantly(P>0.05),but the difference in disease duration was statistically significant(P<0.05).The differences in fasting blood glucose,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,total cholesterol,and triglyceride between the groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05).HbA1c in the PDR group was higher than that in the NPDR and NDR groups(P<0.05).The levels of mALB,β2MG,RBP,mALB/U-CR and UCR in the PDR group were higher than those in the NPDR and NDR groups(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that disease duration,HbA1c,mALB,β2MG,RBP,mALB/U-CR and U-CR were risk factors for the development of DR.The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve(AUC)for the combination of indices(HbA1c+mALB+mALB/U-CR+U-CR+β2MG+RBP)was 0.958,with a sensitivity of 94.83%and specificity of 96.72%,which was higher than the AUC for single index prediction(P<0.05).CONCLUSION HbA1c,mALB,mALB/U-CR,U-CR,β2MG and RBP can reflect the development of DR and are risk factors affecting PDR,and the combination of these six indices has predictive value for PDR.
基金supported by the National Health Commission Public Health Special Program of China[grant number:131031108000160004]
文摘Objective The study aimed to analyze the applicability of the World Health Organization’s exclusionary guidelines for Urinary creatinine(Ucr)in the general Chinese population,and to identify Ucr related factors.Methods We conduct a cross-sectional study using baseline data from 21,167 participants in the China National Human Biomonitoring Program.Mixed linear models and restricted cubic splines(RCS)were used to analyze the associations between explanatory variables and Ucr concentration.Results The geometric mean and median concentrations of Ucr in the general Chinese population were 0.90 g/L and 1.01 g/L,respectively.And 9.36%samples were outside 0.3-3.0 g/L,including 7.83%below the lower limit and 1.53%above the upper limit.Middle age,male,obesity,smoking,higher frequency of red meat consumption and chronic kidney disease were associated significantly with higher concentrations of Ucr.Results of the RCS showed Ucr was positively and linearly associated with body mass index,inversely and linearly associated with systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,triglycerides level,and glomerular filtration rate,and were non-linearly associated with triiodothyronine.Conclusion The age-and gender-specific cut-off values of Ucr that determine the validity of urine samples in the general Chinese population were recommended.To avoid introducing bias into epidemiologic associations,the potential predictors of Ucr observed in the current study should be considered when using Ucr to adjust for variations in urine dilution.
文摘BACKGROUND Proteinuria is an important and well-known biomarker of many forms of kidney injury.Its quantitation is of particular importance in the diagnosis and management of glomerular diseases.Its quantification can be done by several methods.Among these,the measurement of 24-h urinary protein excretion is the gold standard method.However,it is cumbersome,time-consuming,and inconvenient for patients and is not completely foolproof.Many alternative methods have been tested over time albeit with conflicting results.Among the latter,the measurement of urine protein-to-creatinine ratio(uPCR)in singlevoided urinary samples is widely used.The majority of studies found a good correlation between uPCR in single urine samples with 24-h urinary protein estimation,whereas others did not.AIM To investigate the correlation of spot uPCR with 24-h urinary protein estimation in patients suffering from different forms of glomerulopathies at a single largevolume nephrological center in Pakistan.METHODS This cross-sectional,observational study was conducted at the Department of Nephrology,Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation,Karachi,Pakistan from September 2017 to March 2018.All newly presenting adult patients with proteinuria who were being investigated for suspected glomerulonephritis and persistent proteinuria with ages between 18 to 60 years were enrolled.All patients were given detailed advice regarding 24-h urine collection starting at 7:00 AM for total protein and creatinine excretion estimations.A spot urine sample was collected the next day at the time of submission of a 24-h urine sample for measuring uPCR along with a blood sample.The data of patients were collected in a proforma.SPSS version 20.0 was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS A total of 157 patients were included.Their mean age was 30.45±12.11 years.There were 94(59.8%)males and 63(40.2%)females.The mean 24-h urinary protein excretion was 3192.78±1959.79 mg and the mean spot uPCR was 3.16±1.52 in all patients.A weak but significant correlation was observed between spot uPCR and 24-h urinary protein excretion(r=0.342,P=0.01)among all patients.On subgroup analysis,a slightly better correlation was found in patients older than 47 years(r=0.78),and those with body mass index>25 kg/m2(r=0.45).The Bland and Altman's plot analysis comparing the differences between spot uPCR and 24-h protein measurement also showed a wide range of the limits of agreement between the two methods.CONCLUSION Overall,the results from this study showed a significant and weakly positive correlation between spot uPCR and 24-h urinary protein estimation in different forms of glomerulopathies.The agreement between the two methods was also poor.Hence,there is a need for careful interpretation of the ratio in an unselected group of patients with kidney disease.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 81872701,81273040]Shanxi Scholarship Council of China[grant number 2022-113].
文摘It is estimated that chronic kidney disease(CKD)will be the fifth leading cause of death in the world by 2040[1].Early recognition and intervention for kidney damage are essential.Estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)can be calculated by measuring blood creatinine to evaluate glomerular function,and urinary N-acetyl-β-δ-glucosaminidase(UNAG)level is generally recognized as a marker of renal tubular injury.Exposure to lead(Pb)and cadmium(Cd)can damage renal function,leading to a decrease in eGFR and an increase in UNAG[2].Both Pb and Cd are easily accumulated in the body and then slowly released by the kidneys and excreted.So,urinary Pb(UPb)and Cd(UCd)levels can be used as biomarkers of exposure[3,4].
文摘Objective:To assess the epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis among women of reproductive age in Mwaluphamba,Kwale County,Kenya.Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed to randomly sample 422 women of reproductive age(15-<50 years)from four villages in Mwaluphamba location.Stool specimens were collected and examined using the Kato-Katz method,while filtration technique was used to analyze urine specimens.Participants’sociodemographic details were obtained using a standardized questionnaire.Results:Urinary schistosomiasis prevalence was at 4.7%(20/422,95%CI 2.8%-6.9%)while the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis infection was 4.5%(19/422,95%CI 2.6%-6.7%).The infection intensities of urinary schistosomiasis among the study participants ranged from 1 to 120 eggs/10 mL of urine with median egg count of 18.45 eggs/10 mL.The patients were diagnosed with light infection,of 56.16 egg/gram and 48.48 egg/gram for Trichuris trichiura and hookworms,respectively.Women without latrines had 15.7 times higher risk of having urinary schistosomiasis compared to those with a latrine.Similarly,use of surface water(aOR=1.0,95%CI 0.2-1.4,P=0.010)and crossing the river to go to a place(aOR=1.1,95%CI 0.3-1.6,P=0.009)were statistically significant risk factors for getting urinary schistosomiasis.In bivariable regression analysis,defecating around the water source(OR=4.3,95%CI 1.5-12.9)had a statistically significant association with the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis(P=0.008).Conclusions:This study has given an insight on the prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Mwaluphamba location that form a basis for strengthening the control and elimination programmes for these neglected tropical diseases.
文摘Introduction: Infection disease is a real publique health problem. The rise of resistance for modern antibiotic in infections treatment imposed us order alternatives. The study objective was to contribute in the knowledge of medicinal plants uses in urinary infections treatment in N’Djamena (Chad) in view for amelioration the traditional medicine in future. Methodology: The study was conducted in the city of N’Djamena in the Republic of Chad that interviewed 60 traditherapists on using 11 plants for urinary tract infections treatment. The methodology of this study consisted of the knowledge of medicinal plants that used by traditherapists, and the plants identification was done in the laboratory of IRED at Farcha. Results: A total of 60 traditherapists was interrogated on the plants used in the treatment of urinary tract infections among the population of N’Djamena. The majority of traditherapists interrogated in this study were male with the rate of 61.67% against female with the rate of 38.33%. The age range of traditherapists was between 20 to 80 years, 25 (41.67%) from the age range between 30 - 50 years and 35 (58.33%) in age range from 50 to 70 years. For the origin of their knowledge, the study showed that 72% of traditherapists inherited the knowledge from their family, while 15% inherited from the family and from training. The ethnic groups of the traditherapists were Sara (16%), Maraba (12%) and Massa (11%). According to the results, 18.33% were illiterates, 49% attended primary school and 33.34% the secondary school. Our study found that 11 species of plants belonging to 11 families were used in the treatment of urinary tract infection and the Ziziphus spina-christi was the most represented. According to traditherapists the Ziziphus spina-christi, Cassia obovata and Euphorbia hirta were the most frequent plants used in the urinary tract infections treatment. The parts of plants used in the treatment were leaves and bark, grained leaves and entire plants with the proportion of 50%, 16.67 and 15% respectively. Conclusion: This study revealed that the medicinal plants are variously used in the treatment of infection urinary tract in the city of N’Djamena.
基金Supported by Shanxi Provincial Health Commission,No.2019022.
文摘BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is a major risk factor for chronic gastritis,affecting approximately half of the global population.H.pylori eradication is a popular treatment method for H.pylori-positive chronic gastritis,but its mecha-nism remains unclear.Urinary metabolomics has been used to elucidate the mechanisms of gastric disease treatment.However,no clinical study has been conducted on urinary metabolomics of chronic gastritis.AIM To elucidate the urinary metabolic profiles during H.pylori eradication in patients with chronic gastritis.METHODS We applied LC–MS-based metabolomics and network pharmacology to in-vestigate the relationships between urinary metabolites and H.pylori-positive chronic gastritis via a clinical follow-up study.RESULTS Our study revealed the different urinary metabolic profiles of H.pylori-positive chronic gastritis before and after H.pylori eradication.The metabolites regulated by H.pylori eradication therapy include cis-aconitic acid,isocitric acid,citric acid,L-tyrosine,L-phenylalanine,L-tryptophan,and hippuric acid,which were involved in four metabolic pathways:(1)Phenylalanine metabolism;(2)phenylalanine,tyrosine,and tryptophan biosynthesis;(3)citrate cycle;and(4)glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.Integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology revealed that MPO,COMT,TPO,TH,EPX,CMA1,DDC,TPH1,and LPO were the key proteins involved in the biological progress of H.pylori eradication in chronic gastritis.CONCLUSION Our research provides a new perspective for exploring the significance of urinary metabolites in evaluating the treatment and prognosis of H.pylori-positive chronic gastritis patients.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[rant Nos.81960583,81760577,81560523 and 82260629]Major Science and Technology Projects in Guangxi[GKAA22399 and AA22096026]+3 种基金the Guangxi Science and Technology Development Project[Grant Nos.AD 17129003 and 18050005]the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation for Innovation Research Team[2019GXNSFGA245002]the Innovation Platform and Talent Plan in Guilin[20220120-2]the Guangxi Scholarship Fund of Guangxi Education Department of China。
文摘Objective This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between urinary metals copper(Cu),arsenic(As),strontium(Sr),barium(Ba),iron(Fe),lead(Pb)and manganese(Mn)and grip strength.Methods We used linear regression models,quantile g-computation and Bayesian kernel machine regression(BKMR)to assess the relationship between metals and grip strength.Results In the multimetal linear regression,Cu(β=−2.119),As(β=−1.318),Sr(β=−2.480),Ba(β=0.781),Fe(β=1.130)and Mn(β=−0.404)were significantly correlated with grip strength(P<0.05).The results of the quantile g-computation showed that the risk of occurrence of grip strength reduction was−1.007(95%confidence interval:−1.362,−0.652;P<0.001)when each quartile of the mixture of the seven metals was increased.Bayesian kernel function regression model analysis showed that mixtures of the seven metals had a negative overall effect on grip strength,with Cu,As and Sr being negatively associated with grip strength levels.In the total population,potential interactions were observed between As and Mn and between Cu and Mn(P_(interactions) of 0.003 and 0.018,respectively).Conclusion In summary,this study suggests that combined exposure to metal mixtures is negatively associated with grip strength.Cu,Sr and As were negatively correlated with grip strength levels,and there were potential interactions between As and Mn and between Cu and Mn.
文摘Objectives:The objectives of this study were to assess the knowledge and practice skills on home-based urinary catheter care among parents of under-five children with urinary catheter.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1,2021,to September 11,2021,in a tertiary hospital in north India.Purposive sampling was used to select 50 participants.Three instruments were employed for data collection after fulfilling sample criteria;for baseline information demographic tool,knowledge questionnaires,and a practice checklist.Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results:On assessment of 50 participants,the majority of parents aged above 30 years(74%).Most of the participants were male(82%),graduated(38%),and working in the private sector(58%).Similarly,two-thirds of participants were residing in a nuclear family(64%)with a single child 32(64%)and family income<5000 rupees per month(60%).The mean score of knowledge was 1.94±0.81 and that of practice skills was 1.98±0.85 on home-based care.Regression analysis showed that knowledge of parents was significantly associated with qualification(β:1.821,P=0.002).Similarly,association of practice skills of parents with gender(β:1.235,P=0.050)and qualification(β:1.889,P=0.00)was significant.Conclusion:The general findings of our study showed that parents’education and occupation played a significant role in a child’s care.Parental education and catheter care skills positively affect the child and reduce readmission rates.
文摘Objective: To determine the epidemiologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic features of urinary in northern Benin from 2018 to 2023. Patients and Method: The study was an observational and descriptive one. We exhaustively and retrospectively collected data from the medical records of the patients that were managed from February 1, 2018 to February 1, 2023 at the Department of Surgery of “Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départmental Borgou-Alibori or CHUD-BA”. Results: Among the 4522 patients managed, 75% or 1.7% had urinary stone disease. Their mean age was 41 years. The sex ratio was 2.75, the males being predominantly affected. Of the 75 cases of urinary stone disease, 30.7% (n = 23) were renal, 46.7% (n = 35) were ureteral, and 22.7% (n = 17) were vesical. The patients came from variable geographical areas, ethnic groups, and professional sectors. Their main complaints were pain (57.3%), hematuria (14.7%), dysuria (12%), and fever (5.3%). 15 (20%) patients, i.e., 7 renal stone and 8 ureteral stone patients, had an obstructive renal failure. The imaging tools available were ultrasonography, tomography and computed tomographic scan. 11 of the bladder stone cases (64.7%) were associated with a bladder outlet obstruction. Overall, 38.7% of the patients had either diabetes mellitus (6.7%), hypertension or high blood pressure (6.7%), benign prostate hyperplasia (8%), urinary schistosomiasis (6.7%), ureteral pelvic junction obstruction (2.7%), and prostate cancer (1.3%). Of the 19 patients whose dietary behavior was investigated 15 (79%), 11 (57.9%) et 11 (57.9%) demonstrated a diet which was respectively rich in milk, fromage and meat. 100% of bladder stones were removed through cystolithotomy. Renal stones were removed by pyelolithtomy (52.2%) and nephrolithotomy (21.7%). Ureteral stones were removed through ureterolithotomy (40%), expelled by means of alpha-blockers (40%) or managed with ureteral pigtail stent (20%). Conclusion: The hospital prevalence of urinary stone disease was 1.7%. The mean age in urinary stone-affected patients was 41 years. The urinary stone predominantly affected male patients: the sex ratio was 2.75. The stones were mainly removed through open surgery.
基金Supported by the Nature Science Foundation of Hebei Province,No.H2023104011.
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease(DKD),characterized by increased urinary microalbumin levels and decreased renal function,is the primary cause of end-stage renal di-sease.Its pathological mechanisms are complicated and multifactorial;Therefore,sensitive and specific biomarkers are needed.Urinary exosome originate from diverse renal cells in nephron segments and partially mirror the pathological changes in the kidney.The microRNAs(miRNAs)in urinary exosome are remark-ably stable and highly tissue-specific for the kidney.METHODS Type 2 diabetic mellitus(T2DM)patients were recruited from the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University and were divided into two groups:DM,diabetic pa-tients without albuminuria[urinary albumin to creatinine ratio(UACR)<30 mg/g]and DKD,diabetic patients with albuminuria(UACR≥30 mg/g).Healthy subjects were the normal control(NC)group.Urinary exosomal miR-145-5p,miR-27a-3p,and miR-29c-3p,were detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The correlation between exosomal miRNAs and the clinical in-dexes was evaluated.The diagnostic values of exosomal miR-145-5p and miR-27a-3p in DKD were determined using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis.Biological functions of miR-145-5p were investigated by performing RESULTS Urinary exosomal expression of miR-145-5p and miR-27a-3p was more upregulated in the DKD group than in the DM group(miR-145-5p:4.54±1.45 vs 1.95±0.93,P<0.001;miR-27a-3p:2.33±0.79 vs 1.71±0.76,P<0.05)and the NC group(miR-145-5p:4.54±1.45 vs 1.55±0.83,P<0.001;miR-27a-3p:2.33±0.79 vs 1.10±0.51,P<0.001).The exosomal miR-145-5p and miR-27a-3p positively correlated with albuminuria and serum creatinine and negatively correlated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate.miR-27a-3p was also closely related to blood glucose,gly-cosylated hemoglobin A1c,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.ROC analysis revealed that miR-145-5p had a better area under the curve of 0.88[95%confidence interval(CI):0.784-0.985,P<0.0001]in diagnosing DKD than miR-27a-3p with 0.71(95%CI:0.547-0.871,P=0.0239).Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the target genes of miR-145-5p were located in the actin filament,cytoskeleton,and extracellular exosome and were involved in the pathological processes of DKD,including apoptosis,inflammation,and fibrosis.CONCLUSION Urinary exosomal miR-145-5p and miR-27a-3p may serve as novel noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers or promising therapeutic targets for DKD.
文摘Introduction: Quality of life in Parkinson disease is not necessary linked to motor symptoms. It’s correlated of overactive bladders and prostatic symptoms. Prognosis factors of urinary quality of life are unknown. Objectives: Our study aims to find prognosis factors of quality of life associated specifically of urinary disorders in PD. Patients and methods: We conducted a transversal, analytic and descriptive study in Physical Medicine, and Neurology departments, Fann Teaching Hospital, Dakar and included patients followed for treatment of PD. Urinary disorders, quality of life and functional autonomy were assessed respectively by Urinary Symptoms Profile (USP), Qualiven Short Form, Schwab and England Scale. Results: 38 patients presented PD, with a mean age of 60.89 ± 13.6 years and sex-ratio of 2.45. Mean duration of PD was 3.1 ± 2.9 years. Urinary disorders were found in 47.36% and dominated by incontinence (88.88%) and overactive bladders (88.88%) which were minor in more than 55%. Quality of life was impaired in 88.88% of cases. Minor forms (43.75%) were predominant and constraint dimension (50%) was the most severely altered. Prognosis factors for quality of life of urinary disorders were PD stages (0.046) and functional autonomy (0.042). Discussion and conclusion: Urinary disorders in PD are common, impaired quality of life, especially the constraint dimension, depends on stage of evolution of PD and functional autonomy of patients.
文摘Objective:To analyze the effect of arterial embolism(AE)in patients with massive urinary system bleeding(MBUS).Methods:From September 2018 to September 2023,175 cases of MBUS patients in the emergency department of the hospital were randomly selected and divided into groups according to the length of stay.Among them,85 cases(September 2018–September 2020)underwent bladder irrigation treatment with aluminum potassium sulfate solution through a catheter(Group A),and 90 cases(October 2020–September 2023)underwent AE treatment(Group B).The treatment effects of the two groups were compared.Results:The treatment effectiveness of Group B is higher than that of Group A(P<0.05).The urinary hemoglobin level of Group B is lower than that of Group A at 1,6,12,and 24 hours after treatment(P<0.05).Among the 90 cases treated with AE,7 cases had a fever,with body temperatures ranging from 37.3°C to 38.9℃,with a mean temperature of 38.2±0.3℃.Four cases experienced local pain,nausea,and vomiting,while two cases of intra-iliac AE showed transient buttock pain.These patients with adverse reactions were treated symptomatically for 7 days.All patients recovered after treatment.Intravenous urography of 87 patients in June showed that the renal pelvis and calyces were in good condition,the renal function returned to normal,and the blood urea nitrogen and blood creatinine test results were within the normal range.After 1 year of follow-up,no hypertension occurred.Conclusion:AE treats MBUS patients in the emergency department with remarkable efficacy.It has the advantages of less damage to the body,rapid hemostasis,high safety,and maximum preservation of organ function.
文摘Objective To determine whether urinary myeloperoxidase to creatinine ratio(MCR)can serve as a marker for diagnosis of urinary tract infection(UTI).Methods Patients suspected of UTI were consecutively enrolled and further divided into the culture positive and the sterile groups according to urine culture results.Subsequently,MCR,white blood cell(WBC)and bacteria in the urinary samples from patients were detected and compared between the two groups.Results Finally,253 patients were enrolled including 157 urine culture positive patients and 96 urine culture negative patients(sterile group).After logarithmic transformation in 2 as the base,the MCR,WBC,and bacteria were separately presented as log2 MCR,log2 WBC(quantitative),and log2 bacteria.The values of log2 MCR(8.6±2.5 vs.5.4±1.5,t=-12.453,P=0.001),log2 WBC(quantitative)(8.0±2.5 vs.5.2±1.8,t=-10.332,P=0.001),log2 bacteria(11.4±2.5 vs.8.2±2.8,t=-9.297,P=0.001)and WBC(semi-quantitative)[2(interquartile range 1,3)vs.1(interquartile range 0.5,1),Z=-7.580,P=0.001]showed significant difference between the urine culture positive group and the sterile group.Among the urine culture positive group,the values of log2 MCR of the gram positive and gram negative subgroups were 7.2±2.5 and 9.0±2.4(t=4.016,P=0.001),respectively.The correlation between log2 MCR and log2 WBC(quantitative),log2 bacteria,WBC(semi-quantitative)was 0.708(Pearson correlation,P=0.001),0.381(Pearson correlation,P=0.001),and 0.606(Spearman correlation,P=0.001),respectively.Conclusions MCR is positively correlated with WBC counts and could be served as a promising biomarker for diagnosis of UTI.MCR could be even used for initial inference of infectious bacteria types of UTI.
文摘Objectives: Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis of preeclampsia is important to help patients with preeclampsia. However, 24-hour urine collection is the gold standard diagnostic method at present. Recently, the spot urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (P/C ratio) has been used to detect suspected preeclampsia, because it can be used to estimate the amount of 24-hour urinary protein. The aim of this study is to investigate whether an increase in P/C ratio precedes emergence of hypertension among inpatients with preeclampsia. Method: The P/C ratio in normotensive (systolic blood pressure < 140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg) pregnant women was measured during regular prenatal checkups and in inpatients with preeclampsia between April 1, 2013 and March 31, 2014. Results: We included in this study 4074 normotensive pregnant women. The 95th percentile values for the trimester of pregnancy were 0.100, 0.157, and 0.195, respectively. The 95th percentile value for each trimester of pregnancy and gestational age were determined as criterion (Y) and predictive variables (X), respectively. In a simple regression analysis, the regression line was calculated as Y = 0.0035X + 0.0849 (R2 = 0.9913). Twenty-one women were diagnosed with preeclampsia. In 14 patients with preeclampsia, the timing of the increase in P/C ratio to higher than the regression line preceded the emergence of hypertension. Six patients had no data on P/C ratio, and 1 patient had hypertension before the increase in P/C ratio. Conclusions: An increase in P/C ratio to higher than the 95th percentile value can be a useful predictor of preeclampsia.
文摘To estimate the rate of excretion of urinary calcium, a 24-hour sample of urine is required and this is not always easy to collect accurately in infant and children. So, random urine calcium to creatinine ratio (Ca/Cr ratio) has been developed. But as the ratio varies worldwide, reference values of the parameter in paediatric population are not developed. To determine reference value, the present study was conducted in healthy paediatric population in Burdwan district, West Bengal. This study was performed on 693 healthy paediatric subjects, aged between 3 months to 18 years and divided into five groups. Early morning non-fasting urine samples from all study groups were analyzed for Ca/Cr ratio. A negative correlation was observed between age and urinary Ca/Cr ratio, but there was no significant difference of urinary Ca/Cr ratio between two sexes. Considering 97.5th percentile of the underlying distribution of values as the upper limit of reference range, upper reference values of urinary Ca/Cr ratio for age groups
文摘Randomized urinary and blood samples were obtained from three hundred and ninety-two cases of late pregnancies simultaneously for comparison of the validity in perinatal fetal monitoring. The results of randomized urinary estriol/creatinine （RUE<sub>3</sub>/C） and serum free estriol （SFE<sub>3</sub>） tests revealed that Ⅰ. The coefficient of correlation between RUE<sub>3</sub>/C and SFE<sub>3</sub> level were close in either normal or high-risk pregnancies （y=0.1477X+14.2368, r=0.4586, n=170; y=0.1724X+8.6698, r=0.5868, n=222, respectively, P【0.001）; 2.92%cases of the false positive rate of RUE<sub>3</sub>/C were corrected by SFE<sub>3</sub> test. In cases of pregnancy-induced hypertension （PIH） the false positive rate of RUE<sub>3</sub>/C were highest in comparison with those in cuses of other high-risk pregnancies （53.6%）; 3. The correct rate of SFE<sub>3</sub> test in prenatal predication of fetal well-being was significantly higher （95.6%） than that of RUE<sub>3</sub>/C （87.3%） （X<sup>2</sup>=17.77, P【0.001）. This paper suggests that RUE<sub>3</sub>/C can be used as a first line test for perinatal monitoring. When RUE<sub>3</sub>/C value is lower than normal, SFE<sub>3</sub> test should be added to ensure the reliability of perinatal diagnosis, especially in PIH cases. Obviously, to use these two tests for perinatal fetal monitoring simultaneously is better than to use any one test alone.
基金Supported by Project of Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province of China,No.2020048.
文摘BACKGROUND Urological calculi often cause renal colic,which is characterized by paroxysmal or persistent severe pain in the upper abdomen or lumbar region.Development of methods to quickly relieve these pain symptoms has garnered clinical attention.Wrist-ankle acupuncture is a type of floating acupuncture therapy administered at selected points in the carpal and ankle areas,and it has good pain-relieving effects.We used wrist-ankle acupuncture combined with pain nursing for pain intervention in patients with renal calculi to confirm its application and safety.AIM To study the effect of wrist-ankle acupuncture combined with pain nursing in the treatment of urinary calculi with acute pain.METHODS Eighty-two patients with urinary calculi with acute pain as the first symptom followed at our hospital from November 2019 to June 2021 were enrolled in the study and classified into two groups according to the odd and even numbers of the visit sequences,each with 41 cases.The control group received a routine nursing intervention and intramuscular injection of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,whereas the observation group received pain management nursing and wrist-ankle acupuncture.Subsequently,the pain-relieving effect was compared between the two groups.RESULTS The score on the visual analog scale(VAS)at 24,48,and 72 h postintervention was decreased in both groups compared with the baseline data;moreover,the observation group scored significantly lower than the control group on the VAS at each time point after the intervention(P<0.05).The clinical efficacy at 24 h postintervention was not significantly different between the two groups(P>0.05).In turn,the pain recurrence rate at 72 h postintervention was lower in the observation group compared with the control group(P<0.05).Finally,the nursing satisfaction rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that observed in the control group(P<0.05).No serious adverse reactions occurred during the treatment and the safety of treatment was high in both groups.CONCLUSION Wrist-ankle acupuncture combined with pain nursing for treating urolithiasis with acute pain effectively alleviated the degree of pain and reduced the recurrence rate,which was worthy of clinical application.
文摘BACKGROUND Urinary sepsis is frequently seen in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)complicated with upper urinary tract calculi(UUTCs).Currently,the known risk factors of urinary sepsis are not uniform.AIM To analyze the risk factors of concurrent urinary sepsis in patients with DM complicated with UUTCs by logistic regression.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 384 patients with DM complicated with UUTCs treated in People’s Hospital of Jincheng between February 2018 and May 2022.The patients were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and 204 patients were enrolled.The patients were assigned to an occurrence group(n=78)and a nonoccurrence group(n=126).Logistic regression was adopted to analyze the risk factors for urinary sepsis,and a risk prediction model was established.RESULTS Gender,age,history of lumbago and abdominal pain,operation time,urine leukocytes(U-LEU)and urine glucose(U-GLU)were independent risk factors for patients with concurrent urinary sepsis(P<0.05).Risk score=0.794×gender+0.941×age+0.901×history of lumbago and abdominal pain-1.071×operation time+1.972×U-LEU+1.541×U-GLU.The occurrence group had notably higher risk scores than the nonoccurrence group(P<0.0001).The area under the curve of risk score for forecasting concurrent urinary sepsis in patients was 0.801,with specificity of 73.07%,sensitivity of 79.36%and Youden index of 52.44%.CONCLUSION Sex,age,history of lumbar and abdominal pain,operation time,ULEU and UGLU are independent risk factors for urogenic sepsis in diabetic patients with UUTC.
