AIM： To investigate the effects of Nigella sativa 1 （NS） and Urtica dioica 1 （UD） on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme systems and liver enzymes in CCl4-treated rats. METHODS： Fifty-six healthy male Wistar ...AIM： To investigate the effects of Nigella sativa 1 （NS） and Urtica dioica 1 （UD） on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme systems and liver enzymes in CCl4-treated rats. METHODS： Fifty-six healthy male Wistar albino rats were used in this study. The rats were randomly allotted into one of the four experimental groups： A （CCl4-only treated）, B （CCl4＋UD treated）, C （CCl4＋NS treated） and D （CCl4＋UD＋NS treated）, each containing 14 animals. All groups received CCl4 （0.8 mL/kg of body weight, sc, twice a week for 60 d）. In addition, B, C and D groups also received daily i.p. injections of 0.2 mL/kg NS or/and 2 mL/kg UD oils for 60 d. Group A, on the other hand, received only 2 mL/kg normal saline solution for 60 d. Blood samples for the biochemical analysis were taken by cardiac puncture from randomly chosen-seven rats in each treatment group at beginning and on the 60th d of the experiment. RESULTS： The CCl4 treatment for 60 d increased the lipid peroxidation and liver enzymes, and also decreased the antioxidant enzyme levels. NS or UD treatment （alone or combination） for 60 d decreased the elevated lipid peroxidation and liver enzyme levels and also increased the reduced antioxidant enzyme levels. The weight of rats decreased in group A, and increased in groups B, C and D. CONCLUSION： NS and UD decrease the lipid peroxidation and liver enzymes, and increase the antioxidant defense system activity in the CCl4-treated rats.展开更多
Nootka rose (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rosa nutkana </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. Presl) and stinging nettle (</span>...Nootka rose (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rosa nutkana </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. Presl) and stinging nettle (</span></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Urtica dioica </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L.</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) have been traditionally used in the treatment of skin infection by Indigenous peoples of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The main objective of this study was to examine the antibacterial efficacy of extracts of Nootka </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">rose and stinging nettle against the common pathogenic skin bacteria</span> </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Staphylococcus aureus</span></i><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Micrococcus luteus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span></i> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">using </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Indigenous science and standard methods of analysis. The Indigenous science method of plant extraction by steeping as advised by the Traditional Knowledge keeper</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> was performed to examine minimum inhibitory concentration </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(MIC) </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">values and minimum bactericidal concentrations </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(MBC) by serial dilution and bacterial population counts. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Soxhlet extractions and Kirby Bauer disc sensitivity testing showed that Nootka rose </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">extracts possessed antibacterial effectiveness against all three bacterial species while stinging nettle extracts were effective against </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">M. luteus</span></i><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. Results for MIC and MBC indicated antibacterial activity against </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">M. luteus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S. aureus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> for the </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Nootka rose when using </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">full-strength solutions;all three bacterial species exhibited growth when undiluted stinging nettle treatments were used. When considering bacterial population counts for</span><b> </b><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S. aureus,</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> results indicated</span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">that only the Nootka rose treatment offered effective inhibition. Chemical analysis showed that alkaloid percentage was greater in the stinging nettle (0.17%) than </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Nootka rose </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(0.07%), while saponin percentage was greater in the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Nootka rose </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(0.87%) than stinging nettle (0.17%). Overall, </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Nootka rose showed a greater level of</span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">antibacterial effectiveness than </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">stinging nettle by Indigenous and Western scientific methods of plant extract preparation.展开更多
The plant aerial parts of three species, Urtica dioica L., Viola odorata L. and Melissa officinalis L. were collected at randomly-different locations, according to altitudes in May 2010. The aerial parts of Urtica wer...The plant aerial parts of three species, Urtica dioica L., Viola odorata L. and Melissa officinalis L. were collected at randomly-different locations, according to altitudes in May 2010. The aerial parts of Urtica were collected within three replications from different locations： Biare 1,090 masl （meters above sea level）, Tawile 1,450 masl and Awiser 1,680 masl. The aerial parts of Viola and Melissa were collected randomly within three replications at different locations： Biare 1,090 masl, Degashikhan 1,250 masl and Tawile 1,450 masl. The extracts of the aerial parts of these species were purified by filtrations for several times in preparation for HPLC analyses. The chromatograms of Urtica indicated the presence of five major important alkaloid components （fragrine, benzylisoquinoline, scopoletin, glucoquinone and dotriacotaine） and ten major important phenolic compounds （formic acid, tannin, chlorogenic acid, caffeoylmalic acid, anthocyanine, quercetin, zeaxanthin, luetin epoxide, coumarine and vanillin）. All the concentrations of alkaloid and phenolic compounds were increased significantly due to higher altitudes, except that of alkaloid dotriacotaine. The chromatograms of Viola indicated the presence of four major important alkaloid components （violine, isoquinoline, cycloviolacin and luteolin-3-glucoronide） and ten major important phenolic compounds （formic acid, tannin, chlorogenic acid, caffeoylmalic acid, anthocyanine, quercetin, zeaxanthin, luetin epoxide, coumarine and vanillin）. The results of the influence of altitudes showed that the concentrations of all alkaloids and phenolic compounds were increased significantly due to higher altitudes, except that of the alkaloid luteolin-3-glucoronide and the phenolic compounds zeaxanthin and luetin epoxide. The chromatograms of Melissa indicated the presence of five major essential oils （pinene, linalool, citronellol, geraniol and rosmarinic acid）. Their quantitative evaluations were influenced by altitudes indicating that the concentrations of all oils were increased significantly due to the higher altitude, except that of the pinene.展开更多
二斑叶螨是扁豆主要害虫之一,发生较重时可降低扁豆产量和品质。本研究评价了30%腈吡螨酯悬浮剂对扁豆二斑叶螨的田间药效及其对扁豆的安全性。田间使用有效成分量67.5、90、112.5 g/hm2,药后1 d三地的田间防效66.5%~85.9%、药后3 d 82....二斑叶螨是扁豆主要害虫之一,发生较重时可降低扁豆产量和品质。本研究评价了30%腈吡螨酯悬浮剂对扁豆二斑叶螨的田间药效及其对扁豆的安全性。田间使用有效成分量67.5、90、112.5 g/hm2,药后1 d三地的田间防效66.5%~85.9%、药后3 d 82.1%~92.3%、药后7 d 86.9%~95.2%、药后14 d 80.9%~96.1%,能有效防控扁豆二斑叶螨,具有较好的速效性和良好的持效性。作物安全性试验表明30%腈吡螨酯悬浮剂对扁豆安全。建议登记30%腈吡螨酯悬浮剂防治扁豆二斑叶螨,推荐使用有效成分量67.5~112.5 g/hm^(2)(制剂量15~25 mL/667m^(2)),于二斑叶螨发生初期施药1次。展开更多
Nettle plants widely exist in China, but up to now there is no research regarding Chinese nettle fiber properties, especially about its spinnability. This paper has studied the properties of Chinese nettle fiber and i...Nettle plants widely exist in China, but up to now there is no research regarding Chinese nettle fiber properties, especially about its spinnability. This paper has studied the properties of Chinese nettle fiber and its spinnability. The research results show that the average length of nettle fiber is about 34 mm, the nettle fiber fineness ranging from 0.589 to 0.769 tex. Nettle fiber has high breaking strength, low breaking extension and high initial modulus. Both the biochemical method and chemical method can meet the requirement of nettle degumming, with the residual being less than 4%. Nettle fiber can be utilised as textile material and can be spun in rotor-spinning machines after well degummed.展开更多
文摘AIM： To investigate the effects of Nigella sativa 1 （NS） and Urtica dioica 1 （UD） on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme systems and liver enzymes in CCl4-treated rats. METHODS： Fifty-six healthy male Wistar albino rats were used in this study. The rats were randomly allotted into one of the four experimental groups： A （CCl4-only treated）, B （CCl4＋UD treated）, C （CCl4＋NS treated） and D （CCl4＋UD＋NS treated）, each containing 14 animals. All groups received CCl4 （0.8 mL/kg of body weight, sc, twice a week for 60 d）. In addition, B, C and D groups also received daily i.p. injections of 0.2 mL/kg NS or/and 2 mL/kg UD oils for 60 d. Group A, on the other hand, received only 2 mL/kg normal saline solution for 60 d. Blood samples for the biochemical analysis were taken by cardiac puncture from randomly chosen-seven rats in each treatment group at beginning and on the 60th d of the experiment. RESULTS： The CCl4 treatment for 60 d increased the lipid peroxidation and liver enzymes, and also decreased the antioxidant enzyme levels. NS or UD treatment （alone or combination） for 60 d decreased the elevated lipid peroxidation and liver enzyme levels and also increased the reduced antioxidant enzyme levels. The weight of rats decreased in group A, and increased in groups B, C and D. CONCLUSION： NS and UD decrease the lipid peroxidation and liver enzymes, and increase the antioxidant defense system activity in the CCl4-treated rats.
文摘Nootka rose (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rosa nutkana </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. Presl) and stinging nettle (</span></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Urtica dioica </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L.</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) have been traditionally used in the treatment of skin infection by Indigenous peoples of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The main objective of this study was to examine the antibacterial efficacy of extracts of Nootka </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">rose and stinging nettle against the common pathogenic skin bacteria</span> </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Staphylococcus aureus</span></i><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Micrococcus luteus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span></i> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">using </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Indigenous science and standard methods of analysis. The Indigenous science method of plant extraction by steeping as advised by the Traditional Knowledge keeper</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> was performed to examine minimum inhibitory concentration </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(MIC) </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">values and minimum bactericidal concentrations </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(MBC) by serial dilution and bacterial population counts. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Soxhlet extractions and Kirby Bauer disc sensitivity testing showed that Nootka rose </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">extracts possessed antibacterial effectiveness against all three bacterial species while stinging nettle extracts were effective against </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">M. luteus</span></i><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. Results for MIC and MBC indicated antibacterial activity against </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">M. luteus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S. aureus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> for the </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Nootka rose when using </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">full-strength solutions;all three bacterial species exhibited growth when undiluted stinging nettle treatments were used. When considering bacterial population counts for</span><b> </b><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S. aureus,</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> results indicated</span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">that only the Nootka rose treatment offered effective inhibition. Chemical analysis showed that alkaloid percentage was greater in the stinging nettle (0.17%) than </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Nootka rose </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(0.07%), while saponin percentage was greater in the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Nootka rose </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(0.87%) than stinging nettle (0.17%). Overall, </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Nootka rose showed a greater level of</span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">antibacterial effectiveness than </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">stinging nettle by Indigenous and Western scientific methods of plant extract preparation.
文摘The plant aerial parts of three species, Urtica dioica L., Viola odorata L. and Melissa officinalis L. were collected at randomly-different locations, according to altitudes in May 2010. The aerial parts of Urtica were collected within three replications from different locations： Biare 1,090 masl （meters above sea level）, Tawile 1,450 masl and Awiser 1,680 masl. The aerial parts of Viola and Melissa were collected randomly within three replications at different locations： Biare 1,090 masl, Degashikhan 1,250 masl and Tawile 1,450 masl. The extracts of the aerial parts of these species were purified by filtrations for several times in preparation for HPLC analyses. The chromatograms of Urtica indicated the presence of five major important alkaloid components （fragrine, benzylisoquinoline, scopoletin, glucoquinone and dotriacotaine） and ten major important phenolic compounds （formic acid, tannin, chlorogenic acid, caffeoylmalic acid, anthocyanine, quercetin, zeaxanthin, luetin epoxide, coumarine and vanillin）. All the concentrations of alkaloid and phenolic compounds were increased significantly due to higher altitudes, except that of alkaloid dotriacotaine. The chromatograms of Viola indicated the presence of four major important alkaloid components （violine, isoquinoline, cycloviolacin and luteolin-3-glucoronide） and ten major important phenolic compounds （formic acid, tannin, chlorogenic acid, caffeoylmalic acid, anthocyanine, quercetin, zeaxanthin, luetin epoxide, coumarine and vanillin）. The results of the influence of altitudes showed that the concentrations of all alkaloids and phenolic compounds were increased significantly due to higher altitudes, except that of the alkaloid luteolin-3-glucoronide and the phenolic compounds zeaxanthin and luetin epoxide. The chromatograms of Melissa indicated the presence of five major essential oils （pinene, linalool, citronellol, geraniol and rosmarinic acid）. Their quantitative evaluations were influenced by altitudes indicating that the concentrations of all oils were increased significantly due to the higher altitude, except that of the pinene.
文摘二斑叶螨是扁豆主要害虫之一,发生较重时可降低扁豆产量和品质。本研究评价了30%腈吡螨酯悬浮剂对扁豆二斑叶螨的田间药效及其对扁豆的安全性。田间使用有效成分量67.5、90、112.5 g/hm2,药后1 d三地的田间防效66.5%~85.9%、药后3 d 82.1%~92.3%、药后7 d 86.9%~95.2%、药后14 d 80.9%~96.1%,能有效防控扁豆二斑叶螨,具有较好的速效性和良好的持效性。作物安全性试验表明30%腈吡螨酯悬浮剂对扁豆安全。建议登记30%腈吡螨酯悬浮剂防治扁豆二斑叶螨,推荐使用有效成分量67.5~112.5 g/hm^(2)(制剂量15~25 mL/667m^(2)),于二斑叶螨发生初期施药1次。
基金The preparation and publication of this paper is supported by the Doctorate Foundation of Xi an University of Engineering Science andTechnology
文摘Nettle plants widely exist in China, but up to now there is no research regarding Chinese nettle fiber properties, especially about its spinnability. This paper has studied the properties of Chinese nettle fiber and its spinnability. The research results show that the average length of nettle fiber is about 34 mm, the nettle fiber fineness ranging from 0.589 to 0.769 tex. Nettle fiber has high breaking strength, low breaking extension and high initial modulus. Both the biochemical method and chemical method can meet the requirement of nettle degumming, with the residual being less than 4%. Nettle fiber can be utilised as textile material and can be spun in rotor-spinning machines after well degummed.
