BACKGROUND Diabetes and thyroiditis are closely related.They occur in combination and cause significant damage to the body.There is no clear treatment for type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)with Hashimoto's thyroiditis...BACKGROUND Diabetes and thyroiditis are closely related.They occur in combination and cause significant damage to the body.There is no clear treatment for type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)with Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT).While single symptomatic drug treatment of the two diseases is less effective,combined drug treatment may improve efficacy.AIM To investigate the effect of a combination of vitamin D,selenium,and hypoglycemic agents in T2DM with HT.METHODS This retrospective study included 150 patients with T2DM and HT treated at The Central Hospital of Shaoyang from March 2020 to February 2023.Fifty patients were assigned to the control group,test group A,and test group B according to different treatment methods.The control group received low-iodine diet guidance and hypoglycemic drug treatment.Test group A received the control treatment plus vitamin D treatment.Test group B received the group A treatment plus selenium.Blood levels of markers of thyroid function[free T3(FT3),thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH),free T4(FT4)],autoantibodies[thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAB)and thyroid globulin antibody(TGAB)],blood lipid index[low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),total cholesterol(TC),triacylglycerol(TG)],blood glucose index[fasting blood glucose(FBG),and hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)]were measured pre-treatment and 3 and 6 months after treatment.The relationships between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3[25(OH)D3]level and each of these indices were analyzed.RESULTS The levels of 25(OH)D3,FT3,FT4,and LDL-C increased in the order of the control group,test group A,and test group B(all P<0.05).The TPOAB,TGAB,TC,TG,FBG,HbA1c,and TSH levels increased in the order of test groups B,A,and the control group(all P<0.05).All the above indices were compared after 3 and 6 months of treatment.Pre-treatment,there was no divergence in serum 25(OH)D3 level,thyroid function-related indexes,autoantibodies level,blood glucose,and blood lipid index between the control group,test groups A and B(all P>0.05).The 25(OH)D3 levels in test groups A and B were negatively correlated with FT4 and TGAB(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination drug treatment for T2DM with HT significantly improved thyroid function,autoantibody,and blood glucose and lipid levels.展开更多
The study by Feng et al,explores treatment approaches for these coexisting conditions.It emphasizes the potential advantages of selenium and vitamin D supplementation but also raises methodological and patient selecti...The study by Feng et al,explores treatment approaches for these coexisting conditions.It emphasizes the potential advantages of selenium and vitamin D supplementation but also raises methodological and patient selection concerns.Findings indicate a complex interplay between interventions and disease markers,prompting the need for further research.Despite limitations,the study offers valuable insights into managing the intricate relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.The authors'contributions shed light on potential treatment avenues,although careful consideration of study design and patient characteristics is warranted for future investigations in this domain.展开更多
Prostate cancer poses a significant health challenge globally,demanding proactive prevention strategies.This editorial explores the emerging role of vitamin D in prostate cancer prevention.While traditionally associat...Prostate cancer poses a significant health challenge globally,demanding proactive prevention strategies.This editorial explores the emerging role of vitamin D in prostate cancer prevention.While traditionally associated with bone health,vitamin D is increasingly recognized for its broader impact on immune function,cellular signaling,and cancer prevention.Epidemiological studies suggest an intriguing link between vitamin D deficiency and elevated prostate cancer risk,particularly in regions with limited sunlight exposure.Mechanistically,vitamin D regulates cellular processes,inhibiting unchecked cancer cell growth and bols-tering immune surveillance.Personalized prevention strategies,considering individual factors,are deemed essential for harnessing the full potential of vitamin D.To unlock this potential,the future calls for robust research,public awareness campaigns,dietary improvements,and vigilant medical guidance.Collaborative efforts are poised to pave the way toward a future where vitamin D stands as a sentinel in prostate cancer prevention,ushering in hope and improved health for men worldwide.展开更多
Introduction: Carbai tunnel syndrome [CTS] is compression of the median nerve at the wrist , this causes tingling in the hands, pain, numbness, tingling in the fingers particularly the thumb, index and middle fingers,...Introduction: Carbai tunnel syndrome [CTS] is compression of the median nerve at the wrist , this causes tingling in the hands, pain, numbness, tingling in the fingers particularly the thumb, index and middle fingers, loss of sensation in the hands and fingers, also weakness in the hands. The aim of the present study was to study a possible association which could be found between electrophysiological data in CTS, BMI, hyperlipidemia, and vitamin D [Vit D] levels. Methods: We used a sample of 40 females of the same age group, who were divided into Group 1 as a control consists of 18 healthy females and Group II consisted of 22 age matched females with clinical and electrophysiological evidence of CTS. We measured atherogenic index [AI] as a marker of hyperlipidemia, body mass index [BMI], Vit D status and electrophysiological tests of CTS. Results: Subjects with CTS had deficient Vit D status, they had significantly high atherogenic index (AI), and significant high BMI all compared to control Group I. Median sensory conduction velocity was significantly correlated negatively with BMI and atherogenic index, and positively correlated significantly with Vit D status. But median sensory and motor action potential latency were significantly correlated positively with BMI and atherogenic index, and negatively correlated significantly with Vit D status The analysis revealed BMI, atherogenic index and Vit D status as predictors of median nerve sensory and motor action potential latency and sensory nerve conduction velocity in CTS. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that obesity and hyperlipidemia are potent CTS risk factors and declared the direct association between Vit D status and CTS occurrence. Our study supports the notion of the compensatory neuroprotective role of Vit D which could have a direct impact on the nerves integrity as it has an anti-inflammatory property which acts in relieving nervous insults and stress. .展开更多
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is a common problem in exclusively breastfed infants,with supplementation recommended by various international medical organizations.However,in Thailand,no advice for routine vitamin D ...BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is a common problem in exclusively breastfed infants,with supplementation recommended by various international medical organizations.However,in Thailand,no advice for routine vitamin D supplementation is available.Thus,this study investigated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its associated factors in exclusively breastfed infants in Bangkok,Thailand.AIM To investigated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its associated factors in exclusively breastfed infants in Bangkok,Thailand.METHODS This descriptive observational cross-sectional study assessed 1094-month-old infants at Charoenkrung Pracharak Hospital from May 2020 to April 2021.The 25-OH vitamin D level of the infants was measured using an electrochemiluminescence binding assay.Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25-OH level<20 ng/mL,with vitamin D insufficiency 20-30 ng/mL.The sun index and maternal vitamin D supplementation data were collected and analyzed using the independent t-test,univariate logistic regression,and multivariate logistic regression to identify the associated factors.RESULTS The prevalences of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D insufficiency were 35.78%and 33.03%,respectively with mean serum 25-OH vitamin D levels in these two groups 14.37±3.36 and 24.44±3.29 ng/mL.Multivariate logistic regression showed that the main factors associated with vitamin D status were maternal vitamin D supplementation and birth weight,with crude odds ratios 0.26(0.08–0.82)and 0.08(0.01–0.45),respectively.The sun index showed no correlation with the 25-OH vitamin D level in exclusively breastfed infants(r=−0.002,P=0.984).CONCLUSION Two-thirds of healthy exclusively breastfed infants had hypovitaminosis D.Vitamin D supplementation prevented this condition and was recommended for both lactating women and their babies.展开更多
Background: Vitamin D plays a pivotal role in supporting the immune system, helping to reduce the risk of infections and certain autoimmune diseases. Adequate vitamin D levels may be associated with a reduced risk of ...Background: Vitamin D plays a pivotal role in supporting the immune system, helping to reduce the risk of infections and certain autoimmune diseases. Adequate vitamin D levels may be associated with a reduced risk of certain health conditions like pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, and postpartum depression. Brittle bones, osteoporosis in the elderly, and osteomalacia in young children are all symptoms of vitamin D insufficiency. Additionally, it contributes to problems linked to gum disease, including an increase in dental cavities, alveolar bone loss around the teeth, and other problems. It could lead to depression, tiredness, and a loss of appetite. In this study, urban children and adolescents in Dhaka city, Bangladesh are examined for vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency. Methods: The Study was a cross-sectional study conducted under Dhaka National Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka and additionally included two other health centers Medinova Medical Services and Monoara General Hospital Service Golap bag, Dhaka from October 2020 to November 2021. The study location was at the 3 (Three) different hospitals which was located in Dhaka City. In this cross-sectional study, Participants will be selected purposively and conveniently based on the age categories from 0 - 19 years of age at the outdoor department of the hospital. The study included the secondary dataset of ambulatory individuals who came to the 3 (three) hospitals, randomly to evaluate serum vitamin D levels on referral from a general out-patient-department (OPD). They were examined for laboratory findings of serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels to determine vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency among children and adolescent groups of both male and female Sex. Results: A total of 6394 individuals with a diverse age group were statistically examined for laboratory findings of serum vitamin D levels. Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 40.58% of individuals with a mean log of 1.01 ± 0.18 ng/ml serum vitamin D levels, vitamin D insufficiency in 30.93% of individuals with a mean log of 1.38 ± 0.05 ng/ml serum vitamin D levels and vitamin D sufficiency in 19.49% individuals with a mean log of 1.63 ± 0.12 ng/ml serum vitamin D levels. The highest percentage of individuals deficient in vitamin D were children and adolescents of age ranging between 15 to 19 years. Conclusion: The findings of vitamin D deficiency in children and adolescents direct higher authorities in the public health sector to take immediate steps to screen, intervene and educate high-risk populations incorporating vitamin D supplements to establish preventive and therapeutic measures.展开更多
BACKGROUND The interruption of mother-to-child transmission(MTCT)is considered important to decrease the individual and population morbidity of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection as well as the global burden of hepatitis...BACKGROUND The interruption of mother-to-child transmission(MTCT)is considered important to decrease the individual and population morbidity of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection as well as the global burden of hepatitis B.Serum vitamin D(VD)is associated with hepatitis B.AIM To assess whether baseline VD levels and single nucleotide polymorphisms of the VD receptor gene(VDR SNPs)are associated with the efficacy of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(TDF)in the prevention of MTCT in pregnant women with high HBV viral loads.METHODS Thirty-eight pregnant women who were at high risk for MTCT of HBV(those with an HBV DNA level≥2×10^(5)IU/mL during 12-24 wk of gestation)receiving antiviral therapy of TDF between June 1,2019 and June 30,2021 in Mianyang were included in this retrospective study.The women received 300 mg TDF once daily from gestational weeks 24-28 until 3 mo after delivery.To further characterize the clinical relevance of maternal serum HBV DNA levels,we stratified patients according to HBV DNA level as follows:Those with levels<2×10_(5)(full responder group)vs those levels≥2×10^(5)IU/mL(partial responder group)at delivery.Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D],liver function markers,virological parameters,VDR SNPs and other clinical parameters were collected to analyze their association with the efficacy of TDF.The Mann-Whitney U test or t test was used to analyze the serum levels of 25(OH)D in different groups.Multiple linear regressions were utilized to analyze the determinants of the maternal HBV DNA level at delivery.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to explore the association of targeted antiviral effects with various characteristics at baseline and delivery.RESULTS A total of 38 pregnant women in Mianyang City at high risk for MTCT of HBV were enrolled in the study.The MTCT rate was 0%.No mother achieved hepatitis B e antigen or hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)clearance at delivery.Twenty-three(60.5%)participants were full responders,and 15(39.5%)participants were partial responders according to antiviral efficacy.The present study showed that a high percentage(76.3%)of pregnant women with high HBV viral loads had deficient(<20 ng/mL)or insufficient(≥20 but<31 ng/mL)VD levels.Serum 25(OH)D levels in partial responders appeared to be significantly lower than those in full responders both at baseline(25.44±9.42 vs 17.66±5.34 ng/mL,P=0.006)and delivery(26.76±8.59 vs 21.24±6.88 ng/mL,P=0.044).Serum 25(OH)D levels were negatively correlated with maternal HBV DNA levels[log(10)IU/mL]at delivery after TDF therapy(r=-0.345,P=0.034).In a multiple linear regression analysis,maternal HBV DNA levels were associated with baseline maternal serum 25(OH)D levels(P<0.0001,β=-0.446),BMI(P=0.03,β=-0.245),baseline maternal log10 HBsAg levels(P=0.05,β=0.285)and cholesterol levels at delivery(P=0.015,β=0.341).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that baseline serum 25(OH)D levels(OR=1.23,95%CI:1.04-1.44),maternal VDR Cdx2 TT(OR=0.09,95%CI:0.01-0.88)and cholesterol levels at delivery(OR=0.39,95%CI:0.17-0.87)were associated with targeted antiviral effects(maternal HBV DNA levels<2×10^(5) at delivery).CONCLUSION Maternal VD levels and VDR SNPs may be associated with the efficacy of antiviral therapy in pregnant women with high HBV viral loads.Future studies to evaluate the therapeutic value of VD and its analogs in reducing the MTCT of HBV may be justified.展开更多
The vitamin D3 molecule, or cholecalciferol, is now considered a hormone that acts on multiple homeostatic fronts, either skeletal or extra-skeletal. After 100 years since from its identification as a protective and c...The vitamin D3 molecule, or cholecalciferol, is now considered a hormone that acts on multiple homeostatic fronts, either skeletal or extra-skeletal. After 100 years since from its identification as a protective and curative factor of rickets, during the last decade the interest in vitamin D among scientists and general public increased substantially and the use of vitamin D supplements has increased nearly exponentially in many countries. The aim of the present review is to clarify the mechanisms of action of vitamin D compounds on bone health through well-known concepts identified, and readily available, in the scientific literature. Taking advantage of our multi-year and consolidated experience in the pathophysiology of bone and mineral metabolism, we aim to briefly describe those few “hot” topics that we have perceived not to be easy to understand both for health professionals engaged on metabolic bone disorders and for those that are non-experts in this field and who should approach it. We describe, through basic pathophysiology concepts, the relationships between vitamin D and skeletal health: the main sources of vitamin D in humans, the vitamin D metabolites, evaluation of vitamin D status, tissue distribution of vitamin D, natural factors affecting the half-life of vitamin D3, the effects of cholecalciferol on calcium homeostasis and bone tissue, the relationship between vitamin D3 and bone cells and physical performance in the elderly, the effects of low vitamin D3 levels on bone loss and increased risk of fracture. Although currently different international institutional-academic positions exist about which is the best threshold value of serum vitamin D to be considered as adequate, it is important to bring out and lay a solid foundation supporting at least the crucial role played by it in the pathophysiology of skeletal tissue, despite the difficulties arising from the current lack of the specific molecular basis that clearly explain the balance between bone formation, mineralization and skeletal resorption. Finally, it should be also taken into consideration also the numerous reports, more recently identifiable in PubMed, in which, even in presence of very high levels of circulating values of 25OHD, clinically and biochemically observable toxic effects are not reported.展开更多
Background: Coronavirus is rapidly transmitted and highly infectious, and it is also associated with high morbidity and mortality but no drugs have been recognised as being effective;therefore, it is necessary to prot...Background: Coronavirus is rapidly transmitted and highly infectious, and it is also associated with high morbidity and mortality but no drugs have been recognised as being effective;therefore, it is necessary to protect against serious illnesses with an intrinsic protection mechanism. In addition, Vitamin D enhances the intrinsic protection mechanism. Purpose: This study aims to systematically review and conduct a meta-analysis to determine if vitamin D deficiency is associated with the development of severe COVID-19 illness, providing crucial insights into the potential impact of vitamin D on disease outcomes. Methods: This study is conducted through systematic reviews and meta-analysis while following well-designed research questions. Literature searches are performed according to PRISMA guidelines with inclusion and exclusion criteria through the electronic database PubMed, CINAHL and Google Scholar. All data for meta-analysis were performed using RevMan 5.4. The software program was used for blending the statistical data and deriving the cumulative result of the intervention on concluding outcomes of interest. To analyze dichotomous data, the Mantel-Haenszel method was performed, and an odds ratio was conducted for outcome evaluation with 95% confidence interval. Results: The meta-analysis showed that there is statistically significant (P Conclusion: This study indicated that Vitamin D deficiency is associated with the development of COVID-19 related serious illnesses. Also, it is highly recommended to do more randomised control trials for the establishment of this topic strongly.展开更多
Background Recent evidence suggests important roles for progesterone(P4)and interferon tau in the regulation of calcium,phosphate,and vitamin D signaling in the uteri of pregnant sheep.However,the effects of P4 and es...Background Recent evidence suggests important roles for progesterone(P4)and interferon tau in the regulation of calcium,phosphate,and vitamin D signaling in the uteri of pregnant sheep.However,the effects of P4 and estradiol(E2),with respect to the expression of their receptors PGR and ESR1,respectively,in uterine epithelia on mineral signaling during the estrous cycle has not been investigated.Estrous cycles of mature Suffolk ewes were synchronized,prostaglandin F2αwas administered,and ewes were observed for estrus(designated as Day 0)in the presence of vasectomized rams.On Days 1,9,or 14 of the estrous cycle,hysterectomies were performed.Results 25-hydroxyvitamin D was more abundant in plasma from ewes on Day 14 than Day 1(P<0.05).Expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2(FGFR2),a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17(ADAM17),and parathyroid hormone-related protein(PTHrP)mRNAs was greater in endometria on Day 9 compared to Days 1 and 14(P<0.01).Similarly,expression of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 6(TRPV6)mRNA was greater in endometria on Day 9 than Day 1(P<0.05).ATPase plasma membrane Ca^(2+)transporting 4(ATP2B4)and S100 calcium binding protein G(S100G)mRNA expression was greater in endometria on Day 14 than on Days 1 and 9(P<0.01).In contrast,endometrial expression of vitamin D receptor(VDR)mRNA was lower on Days 9 and 14 than Day 1(P<0.01).Expression of klotho(KL)(P<0.05)and cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1(CYP24)(P<0.01)mRNAs was lower on Day 14 than Days 1 and 9.ADAM17,FGF23,CYP2R1,CYP27B1,KL,and VDR proteins immunolocalized to the uterine myometrium,blood vessels,and uterine luminal(LE),superficial glandular(sGE),and glandular(GE)epithelia.S100A9 protein was weakly expressed in the uterine myometrium,LE,sGE,and GE.Immunoreactivity of CYP2R1 and KL proteins in uterine LE and sGE was less on Day 1 than on Days 9 and 14.In contrast,S100G protein was expressed exclusively by GE,and immunoreactive S100G protein was less on Day 9.S100A12 protein localized to stromal cells of the uterine stratum spongiosum and blood vessels,but not by uterine epithelial cells.Conclusion Collectively,these results implicate E2,P4,and PGR in the regulation of phosphate,calcium,and vitamin D signaling in cyclic ewes.展开更多
Objective: It remains unknown whether calcium metabolism has any effect on the clinical presentation of superior semicircular canal dehiscence(SSCD). Our aim was to analyse the adjusted calcium and vitamin D levels in...Objective: It remains unknown whether calcium metabolism has any effect on the clinical presentation of superior semicircular canal dehiscence(SSCD). Our aim was to analyse the adjusted calcium and vitamin D levels in SSCD patients compared to a control group.Methods: This was a prospective case-control study performed in a tertiary referral center, university teaching hospital in the UK. It included all new patients with SSCD seen in a dedicated skull base clinic over a 5-year period(2015-2019) compared to a gender and age matched control group. The main outcome of the study was adjusted calcium and Vitamin D levels between the two groups.Results: A total of 31 SSCD patients were recruited with a matched number of control patients. The mean Vitamin D level on the SSCD group was 44.8 nmoL/l(SD: 20.8) compared to 47.5 nmoL/l(SD: 27.4) on the control group(p = 0.702). Mean Adjusted calcium level was 2.34 mmoL/l(SD: 0.7) for SSCD compared to2.41 mmoL/l(SD: 0.11) for controls(p = 0.01), being within normal limits for both the SSCD and the control group.Conclusion: Our study did not identify a link between Vitamin D levels and presence of SSCD. Normal adjusted calcium values were found in both groups. Despite that a statistically significant lower calcium level was found in the SSCD group which could indicate that suboptimal levels of calcium may affect the micro-environment of the otic capsule at the SSC region.展开更多
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a chronic metabolic disease featured by insulin resistance(IR)and decreased insulin secretion.Currently,vitamin D deficiency is found in most patients with T2DM,but the rela...BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a chronic metabolic disease featured by insulin resistance(IR)and decreased insulin secretion.Currently,vitamin D deficiency is found in most patients with T2DM,but the relationship between vitamin D and IR in T2DM patients requires further investigation.AIM To explore the risk factors of IR and the effects of vitamin D supplementation on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with T2DM.METHODS Clinical data of 162 T2DM patients treated in First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University between January 2019 and February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Based on the diagnostic criteria of IR,the patients were divided into a resistance group(n=100)and a non-resistance group(n=62).Subsequently,patients in the resistance group were subdivided to a conventional group(n=44)or a joint group(n=56)according to the treatment regimens.Logistic regression was carried out to analyze the risk factors of IR in T2DM patients.The changes in glucose and lipid metabolism indexes in T2DM patients with vitamin D deficiency were evaluated after the treatment.RESULTS Notable differences were observed in age and body mass index(BMI)between the resistance group and the non-resistance group(both P<0.05).The resistance group exhibited a lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D_(3)(25(OH)D_(3))level,as well as notably higher levels of 2-h postprandial blood glucose(2hPG),fasting blood glucose(FBG),and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)than the non-resistance group(all P<0.0001).Additionally,the resistance group demonstrated a higher triglyceride(TG)level but a lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C)level than the non-resistance group(all P<0.0001).The BMI,TG,HDL-C,25(OH)D_(3),2hPG,and HbA1c were found to be risk factors of IR.Moreover,the posttreatment changes in levels of 25(OH)D_(3),2hPG,FBG and HbA1c,as well as TG,total cholesterol,and HDL-C in the joint group were more significant than those in the conventional group(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION Patients with IR exhibit significant abnormalities in glucose and lipid metabolism parameters compared to the noninsulin resistant group.Logistic regression analysis revealed that 25(OH)D_(3)is an independent risk factor influencing IR.Supplementation of vitamin D has been shown to improve glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with IR and T2DM.展开更多
Background Muscle represents a unique and complex system with many components and comprises the major edible part of animals.Vitamin D is a critical nutrient for animals and is known to enhance calcium absorption and ...Background Muscle represents a unique and complex system with many components and comprises the major edible part of animals.Vitamin D is a critical nutrient for animals and is known to enhance calcium absorption and immune response.In recent years,dietary vitamin D supplementation in livestock has received increased attention due to biological responses including improving shear force in mammalian meat.However,the vitamin D acquisition and myofiber development processes in fish differ from those in mammals,and the effect of vitamin D on fish flesh quality is poorly understood.Here,the influence of dietary vitamin D on fillet quality,antioxidant ability,and myofiber development was examined in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella).Methods A total of 540 healthy grass carp,with an initial average body weight of 257.24±0.63 g,were allotted in 6 experimental groups with 3 replicates each,and respectively fed corresponding diets with 15.2,364.3,782.5,1,167.9,1,573.8,and 1,980.1 IU/kg vitamin D for 70 d.Results Supplementation with 1,167.9 IU/kg vitamin D significantly improved nutritional value and sensory quality of fillets,enhancing crude protein,free amino acid,lipid,and collagen contents;maintaining an ideal pH;and reduc-ing lactate content,shear force,and cooking loss relative to respective values in the control(15.2 IU/kg)group.Average myofiber diameter and the frequency of myofibers>50μm in diameter increased under supplementation with 782.5–1,167.9 IU/kg vitamin D.Levels of oxidative damage biomarkers decreased,and the expression of antioxi-dant enzymes and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling molecules was upregulated in the 1,167.9 IU/kg vitamin D treatment compared to respective values in the control group.Furthermore,vitamin D supplementation activated cell differentiation by enhancing the expression of myogenic regulatory factors and myocyte enhancer factors compared to that in the control group.In addition,supplementation with 1,167.9 IU/kg vitamin D improved protein deposition associated with protein synthesis molecule(target of rapamycin)signaling and vitamin D receptor paralogs,along with inhibition of protein degradation(forkhead box protein 1)signaling.Conclusions Overall,the results demonstrated that vitamin D strengthened antioxidant ability and myofiber devel-opment,thereby enhancing nutritional value and sensory quality of fish flesh.These findings suggest that dietary vitamin D supplementation is conducive to the production of nutrient-rich,high quality aquaculture products.展开更多
Emerging evidence suggests an important role of vitamin D in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy,and the regulation of foetal growth across mammalian species.However,the temporal changes in maternal vitamin...Emerging evidence suggests an important role of vitamin D in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy,and the regulation of foetal growth across mammalian species.However,the temporal changes in maternal vitamin D sta-tus throughout gestation in the pig and the relationship between maternal vitamin D status and litter characteristics of interest across gestation remain poorly understood and under-investigated.The abundance of 25(OH)D in maternal plasma was quantified by HPLC–MS/MS at gestational days(GD)18,30,45,60 and 90(n=5–11 gilts/GD).Maternal plasma 25(OH)D concentrations significantly increased between GD18 and GD30(P<0.05).The relationship between maternal vitamin D metabolite concentrations and litter characteristics of interest including gilt weight,ovulation rate,mean litter weight,number of live foetuses,percentage prenatal survival,and sex ratio of the litter was assessed.Maternal 25(OH)D(P=0.059)concentrations tended to be positively associated with percentage prenatal survival on GD60.On GD90,maternal 25(OH)D(P<0.05)concentrations were inversely associated with gilt weight.Maternal plasma 25(OH)D concentrations were inversely associated with the percentage of male foetuses in the litter on GD90(P<0.05).This study has provided novel insights into temporal changes in maternal vitamin D status throughout ges-tation and the relationship between maternal vitamin D status and the economically important litter characteristics of gilt weight,percentage prenatal survival and percentage of male foetuses in the litter.Improving the understanding of the role of vitamin D across important developmental timepoints in relation to foetal growth is essential to improve reproductive success in livestock species.展开更多
Objective Vitamin D(VD)deficiency was reported to contribute to the progression of Crohn’s disease(CD)and affect the prognosis of CD patients.This study investigated the role of serum VD,body mass index(BMI),and tumo...Objective Vitamin D(VD)deficiency was reported to contribute to the progression of Crohn’s disease(CD)and affect the prognosis of CD patients.This study investigated the role of serum VD,body mass index(BMI),and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)in the diagnosis of Crohn’s disease.Methods CD patients(n=76)and healthy subjects(n=76)were enrolled between May 2019 and December 2020.The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D]levels,BMI,and TNF-αlevels,together with other biochemical parameters,were assessed before treatment.The diagnostic efficacy of the single and joint detection of serum 25(OH)D,BMI,and TNF-αwas determined using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Results The levels of 25(OH)D,BMI,and nutritional indicators,including hemoglobin,total protein,albumin,and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,were much lower,and the TNF-αlevels were much higher in the CD patients than in the healthy subjects(P<0.05 for all).The areas under the ROC curve for the single detection of 25(OH)D,BMI,and TNF-αwere 0.887,0.896,and 0.838,respectively,with the optimal cutoff values being 20.64 ng/mL,19.77 kg/m^(2),and 6.85 fmol/mL,respectively.The diagnostic efficacy of the joint detection of 25(OH)D,BMI,and TNF-αwas the highest,with an area under the ROC curve of 0.988(95%CI:0.968–1.000).Conclusion The joint detection of 25(OH)D,TNF-α,and BMI showed high sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy in CD diagnosis;thus,it would be effective for the diagnosis of CD in clinical practice.展开更多
Insulin resistance increases the risk of developing diabetes,and the degree of resistance influences the glycemic control of patients with diabetes.Numerous researchers have focused on improving insulin sensitivity in...Insulin resistance increases the risk of developing diabetes,and the degree of resistance influences the glycemic control of patients with diabetes.Numerous researchers have focused on improving insulin sensitivity in order to prevent diabetes-related complications and other chronic diseases.Several studies have also linked vitamin D levels to insulin secretion and resistance,given that both vitamin D and its receptor complex play important roles in regulating pancreaticβ-cells.It has been suggested that vitamin D supplementation improves vitamin D levels,but further research is needed to confirm this as neither insulin function nor glycemic control improves when vitamin D levels increase.Magnesium is a cofactor for many enzymes.Although the role of magnesium in the management of diabetes has long been evaluated,it has not yet been determined whether magnesium supplements improve insulin function.However,several researchers have found that patients with good glycemic control have high magnesium levels.Magnesium is closely related to vitamin D and is necessary for the transport and activation of vitamin D in humans.Combined supplementation with vitamin D and magnesium improves glycemic control in patients with diabetes.展开更多
Background:Transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a central role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF).While previous studies have revealed a cross-talk between...Background:Transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a central role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF).While previous studies have revealed a cross-talk between vitamin D and TGF-β1 signaling,it is still unclear how they interact with each other to regulate the progression of IPF.Methods:In this work,we searched for a novel mediator of TGF-β1 activity in lung fibroblasts and examined its regulation by vitamin D.In addition,we investigated the mechanism underlying the interaction between vitamin D and TGF-β1 signaling in lung fibroblast activation.Bioinformatic analysis was performed to identify TGF-β1 downstream target genes.Knockdown and overexpression expression experiments were conducted to determine gene function in the regulation of lung fibroblast proliferation and migration.Results:Analysis of publicly available datasets revealed that RAS guanyl releasing protein 3(RasGRP3)was upregulated in TGF-β1-treated lung fibroblasts and lung tissues from IPF patients relative to healthy controls.Our data confirmed the upregulation of RasGRP3 by TGF-β1 in human MRC5 lung fibroblasts.Overexpression of RasGRP3 enhanced MRC5 cell proliferation and migration.Knockdown of RasGRP3 blocked TGF-β1-induced MRC5 proliferation and migration.Vitamin D abolished TGF-β1-induced RasGRP3 upregulation,which was reversed by inhibition of the vitamin D receptor(VDR).Mechanistically,vitamin D promoted VDR enrichment and prevented mothers against decapentaplegic homolog(SMAD)2 and 3 occupancy at the promoter of RasGRP3.Additionally,overexpression of RasGRP3 reversed the suppressive effect of vitamin D on MRC5 cell proliferation and migration.Conclusion:In conclusion,vitamin D antagonizes TGF-β1-induced lung fibroblast activation by repressing RasGRP3 transcription.展开更多
Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a common chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder affecting 10%-22%of adults.Its development is closely related to the gut microbiota,and the inflammatory and immune responses trigg...Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a common chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder affecting 10%-22%of adults.Its development is closely related to the gut microbiota,and the inflammatory and immune responses triggered by the gut microbiota can lead to IBS.Vitamin D(VD)effectively treats IBS with fewer side effects by improving gut microbiota,immune regulation,and anti-inflammatory effects.In the future,it is necessary to carry out epidemiological studies on the relationship between VD and IBS,clinical studies on the efficacy of supplementing VD to improve IBS,and animal studies on the mechanism of VD improving IBS.Therefore,this paper discussed the relationship between VD and IBS.展开更多
Background: Vitamin D has garnered much attention for its role in immune function, more specifically, it’s conceivable link to the clinical severity of Covid-19 infections and therefore its potential application in p...Background: Vitamin D has garnered much attention for its role in immune function, more specifically, it’s conceivable link to the clinical severity of Covid-19 infections and therefore its potential application in prophylactic or therapeutic treatment. Vitamin D appears capable of inhibiting pulmonary inflammatory responses while enhancing innate defence mechanisms against respiratory pathogens with population-based studies showing an association between circulating vitamin D levels and lung function. We understand that infection with Sars-Cov-2 induces production of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, whilst Vitamin D downregulates production of pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokines including tumour necrosis factor and interferon Y, whilst increasing expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines by macrophages. Vitamin D is also involved in the renin-angiotensin system which is regulated by entry of the SARS-Cov-2 virus into cells via the ACE2 receptor, leading to cytokine storms, with subsequent fatal respiratory distress syndrome. The theoretical implications for Vitamin D status in the presentation of Covid-19 (the disease state of Sars-Cov-2) exist, yet data on its application is currently limited. Geographical variables depicting patterns between sun exposure, diet or Vit D status, and risk of death from Covid-19 have shown strong negative correlation. Aim: We aim to assess levels of Vitamin D deficiency in ICU patients who have tested positive for Sars-Cov-2 and who have exhibited respiratory symptoms. In this way, we hope to identify the possibility of Vitamin D as a significant contributing factor to disease progression in Covid patients. Sample: Male or Female patients of any age, who were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit exhibiting respiratory symptoms, with a positive Sars-Cov-2 PCR test, between 12/3/21 and 25/2/21. sample total: 79. Results: Testing was very inconsistent with only 67.1% having their Vitamin D levels checked. There was average delay in testing levels by 2 days. 64% of patients were found to be very deficient. Conclusion: This study highlights the strong correlation between Vitamin D status and severity of Covid-19 disease and thus demonstrates a potential huge shortfall in the testing and treatment of this immunodeficiency as it relates to Covid-19. Based on recommendations of Vitamin D levels required for protection of this viral syndrome, as much as 100% of patients sampled with severe disease could be deficient in Vitamin D.展开更多
Objective:The aim of this study is to compare the effect of Vitamin D and Vitamin E supplementations,alone,and in combination,on reducing the intensity and duration of dysmenorrhea in women who were referred to the Ko...Objective:The aim of this study is to compare the effect of Vitamin D and Vitamin E supplementations,alone,and in combination,on reducing the intensity and duration of dysmenorrhea in women who were referred to the Kowsar gynecological clinics of Shahid Motahari Hospital of Urmia University of Medical Sciences.Materials and Methods:A double-blinded clinical trial was conducted on 112 women with dysmenorrhea who were randomly allocated into the four study groups.Finally,100 women complete the study and received capsules containing a placebo(n=25),1000 IU of Vitamin D(n=25),400 mg of Vitamin E(n=25),and 1000 IU of Vitamin D+400 mg of Vitamin E(n=25)every 24 h for 2 consecutive months at the beginning of the menstrual period.The pain intensity and duration among groups were compared before and after the intervention.Results:The mean menstrual pain duration in all three experimental groups(Vitamin E,Vitamin D,and the combination of them)was lower than the placebo group(all P<0.05),and the mean pain intensity scores in all three experimental groups were significantly lower than the placebo group(all P<0.05).The results(means)for all of the drugs administered at the end of the 2nd month were better than the 1st month(all P<0.01).Conclusions:Vitamin E and Vitamin D,as well as their combination,are recommended as an effective and safe treatment for the management of the complications of dysmenorrhea.展开更多
基金Supported by Science and Technology Plan Project of Shaoyang City,No.2022GX4139.
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetes and thyroiditis are closely related.They occur in combination and cause significant damage to the body.There is no clear treatment for type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)with Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT).While single symptomatic drug treatment of the two diseases is less effective,combined drug treatment may improve efficacy.AIM To investigate the effect of a combination of vitamin D,selenium,and hypoglycemic agents in T2DM with HT.METHODS This retrospective study included 150 patients with T2DM and HT treated at The Central Hospital of Shaoyang from March 2020 to February 2023.Fifty patients were assigned to the control group,test group A,and test group B according to different treatment methods.The control group received low-iodine diet guidance and hypoglycemic drug treatment.Test group A received the control treatment plus vitamin D treatment.Test group B received the group A treatment plus selenium.Blood levels of markers of thyroid function[free T3(FT3),thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH),free T4(FT4)],autoantibodies[thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAB)and thyroid globulin antibody(TGAB)],blood lipid index[low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),total cholesterol(TC),triacylglycerol(TG)],blood glucose index[fasting blood glucose(FBG),and hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)]were measured pre-treatment and 3 and 6 months after treatment.The relationships between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3[25(OH)D3]level and each of these indices were analyzed.RESULTS The levels of 25(OH)D3,FT3,FT4,and LDL-C increased in the order of the control group,test group A,and test group B(all P<0.05).The TPOAB,TGAB,TC,TG,FBG,HbA1c,and TSH levels increased in the order of test groups B,A,and the control group(all P<0.05).All the above indices were compared after 3 and 6 months of treatment.Pre-treatment,there was no divergence in serum 25(OH)D3 level,thyroid function-related indexes,autoantibodies level,blood glucose,and blood lipid index between the control group,test groups A and B(all P>0.05).The 25(OH)D3 levels in test groups A and B were negatively correlated with FT4 and TGAB(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination drug treatment for T2DM with HT significantly improved thyroid function,autoantibody,and blood glucose and lipid levels.
文摘The study by Feng et al,explores treatment approaches for these coexisting conditions.It emphasizes the potential advantages of selenium and vitamin D supplementation but also raises methodological and patient selection concerns.Findings indicate a complex interplay between interventions and disease markers,prompting the need for further research.Despite limitations,the study offers valuable insights into managing the intricate relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.The authors'contributions shed light on potential treatment avenues,although careful consideration of study design and patient characteristics is warranted for future investigations in this domain.
文摘Prostate cancer poses a significant health challenge globally,demanding proactive prevention strategies.This editorial explores the emerging role of vitamin D in prostate cancer prevention.While traditionally associated with bone health,vitamin D is increasingly recognized for its broader impact on immune function,cellular signaling,and cancer prevention.Epidemiological studies suggest an intriguing link between vitamin D deficiency and elevated prostate cancer risk,particularly in regions with limited sunlight exposure.Mechanistically,vitamin D regulates cellular processes,inhibiting unchecked cancer cell growth and bols-tering immune surveillance.Personalized prevention strategies,considering individual factors,are deemed essential for harnessing the full potential of vitamin D.To unlock this potential,the future calls for robust research,public awareness campaigns,dietary improvements,and vigilant medical guidance.Collaborative efforts are poised to pave the way toward a future where vitamin D stands as a sentinel in prostate cancer prevention,ushering in hope and improved health for men worldwide.
文摘Introduction: Carbai tunnel syndrome [CTS] is compression of the median nerve at the wrist , this causes tingling in the hands, pain, numbness, tingling in the fingers particularly the thumb, index and middle fingers, loss of sensation in the hands and fingers, also weakness in the hands. The aim of the present study was to study a possible association which could be found between electrophysiological data in CTS, BMI, hyperlipidemia, and vitamin D [Vit D] levels. Methods: We used a sample of 40 females of the same age group, who were divided into Group 1 as a control consists of 18 healthy females and Group II consisted of 22 age matched females with clinical and electrophysiological evidence of CTS. We measured atherogenic index [AI] as a marker of hyperlipidemia, body mass index [BMI], Vit D status and electrophysiological tests of CTS. Results: Subjects with CTS had deficient Vit D status, they had significantly high atherogenic index (AI), and significant high BMI all compared to control Group I. Median sensory conduction velocity was significantly correlated negatively with BMI and atherogenic index, and positively correlated significantly with Vit D status. But median sensory and motor action potential latency were significantly correlated positively with BMI and atherogenic index, and negatively correlated significantly with Vit D status The analysis revealed BMI, atherogenic index and Vit D status as predictors of median nerve sensory and motor action potential latency and sensory nerve conduction velocity in CTS. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that obesity and hyperlipidemia are potent CTS risk factors and declared the direct association between Vit D status and CTS occurrence. Our study supports the notion of the compensatory neuroprotective role of Vit D which could have a direct impact on the nerves integrity as it has an anti-inflammatory property which acts in relieving nervous insults and stress. .
基金Supported by Charoenkrung Pracharak Hospital,No.S008h/63.
文摘BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is a common problem in exclusively breastfed infants,with supplementation recommended by various international medical organizations.However,in Thailand,no advice for routine vitamin D supplementation is available.Thus,this study investigated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its associated factors in exclusively breastfed infants in Bangkok,Thailand.AIM To investigated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its associated factors in exclusively breastfed infants in Bangkok,Thailand.METHODS This descriptive observational cross-sectional study assessed 1094-month-old infants at Charoenkrung Pracharak Hospital from May 2020 to April 2021.The 25-OH vitamin D level of the infants was measured using an electrochemiluminescence binding assay.Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25-OH level<20 ng/mL,with vitamin D insufficiency 20-30 ng/mL.The sun index and maternal vitamin D supplementation data were collected and analyzed using the independent t-test,univariate logistic regression,and multivariate logistic regression to identify the associated factors.RESULTS The prevalences of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D insufficiency were 35.78%and 33.03%,respectively with mean serum 25-OH vitamin D levels in these two groups 14.37±3.36 and 24.44±3.29 ng/mL.Multivariate logistic regression showed that the main factors associated with vitamin D status were maternal vitamin D supplementation and birth weight,with crude odds ratios 0.26(0.08–0.82)and 0.08(0.01–0.45),respectively.The sun index showed no correlation with the 25-OH vitamin D level in exclusively breastfed infants(r=−0.002,P=0.984).CONCLUSION Two-thirds of healthy exclusively breastfed infants had hypovitaminosis D.Vitamin D supplementation prevented this condition and was recommended for both lactating women and their babies.
文摘Background: Vitamin D plays a pivotal role in supporting the immune system, helping to reduce the risk of infections and certain autoimmune diseases. Adequate vitamin D levels may be associated with a reduced risk of certain health conditions like pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, and postpartum depression. Brittle bones, osteoporosis in the elderly, and osteomalacia in young children are all symptoms of vitamin D insufficiency. Additionally, it contributes to problems linked to gum disease, including an increase in dental cavities, alveolar bone loss around the teeth, and other problems. It could lead to depression, tiredness, and a loss of appetite. In this study, urban children and adolescents in Dhaka city, Bangladesh are examined for vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency. Methods: The Study was a cross-sectional study conducted under Dhaka National Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka and additionally included two other health centers Medinova Medical Services and Monoara General Hospital Service Golap bag, Dhaka from October 2020 to November 2021. The study location was at the 3 (Three) different hospitals which was located in Dhaka City. In this cross-sectional study, Participants will be selected purposively and conveniently based on the age categories from 0 - 19 years of age at the outdoor department of the hospital. The study included the secondary dataset of ambulatory individuals who came to the 3 (three) hospitals, randomly to evaluate serum vitamin D levels on referral from a general out-patient-department (OPD). They were examined for laboratory findings of serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels to determine vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency among children and adolescent groups of both male and female Sex. Results: A total of 6394 individuals with a diverse age group were statistically examined for laboratory findings of serum vitamin D levels. Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 40.58% of individuals with a mean log of 1.01 ± 0.18 ng/ml serum vitamin D levels, vitamin D insufficiency in 30.93% of individuals with a mean log of 1.38 ± 0.05 ng/ml serum vitamin D levels and vitamin D sufficiency in 19.49% individuals with a mean log of 1.63 ± 0.12 ng/ml serum vitamin D levels. The highest percentage of individuals deficient in vitamin D were children and adolescents of age ranging between 15 to 19 years. Conclusion: The findings of vitamin D deficiency in children and adolescents direct higher authorities in the public health sector to take immediate steps to screen, intervene and educate high-risk populations incorporating vitamin D supplements to establish preventive and therapeutic measures.
基金Supported by the Key Research and Development Projects in Sichuan Province,No.2021YFS0168the National Scientific and Technological Major Project for Infectious Diseases Control in China,No.2018ZX10715-003.
文摘BACKGROUND The interruption of mother-to-child transmission(MTCT)is considered important to decrease the individual and population morbidity of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection as well as the global burden of hepatitis B.Serum vitamin D(VD)is associated with hepatitis B.AIM To assess whether baseline VD levels and single nucleotide polymorphisms of the VD receptor gene(VDR SNPs)are associated with the efficacy of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(TDF)in the prevention of MTCT in pregnant women with high HBV viral loads.METHODS Thirty-eight pregnant women who were at high risk for MTCT of HBV(those with an HBV DNA level≥2×10^(5)IU/mL during 12-24 wk of gestation)receiving antiviral therapy of TDF between June 1,2019 and June 30,2021 in Mianyang were included in this retrospective study.The women received 300 mg TDF once daily from gestational weeks 24-28 until 3 mo after delivery.To further characterize the clinical relevance of maternal serum HBV DNA levels,we stratified patients according to HBV DNA level as follows:Those with levels<2×10_(5)(full responder group)vs those levels≥2×10^(5)IU/mL(partial responder group)at delivery.Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D],liver function markers,virological parameters,VDR SNPs and other clinical parameters were collected to analyze their association with the efficacy of TDF.The Mann-Whitney U test or t test was used to analyze the serum levels of 25(OH)D in different groups.Multiple linear regressions were utilized to analyze the determinants of the maternal HBV DNA level at delivery.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to explore the association of targeted antiviral effects with various characteristics at baseline and delivery.RESULTS A total of 38 pregnant women in Mianyang City at high risk for MTCT of HBV were enrolled in the study.The MTCT rate was 0%.No mother achieved hepatitis B e antigen or hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)clearance at delivery.Twenty-three(60.5%)participants were full responders,and 15(39.5%)participants were partial responders according to antiviral efficacy.The present study showed that a high percentage(76.3%)of pregnant women with high HBV viral loads had deficient(<20 ng/mL)or insufficient(≥20 but<31 ng/mL)VD levels.Serum 25(OH)D levels in partial responders appeared to be significantly lower than those in full responders both at baseline(25.44±9.42 vs 17.66±5.34 ng/mL,P=0.006)and delivery(26.76±8.59 vs 21.24±6.88 ng/mL,P=0.044).Serum 25(OH)D levels were negatively correlated with maternal HBV DNA levels[log(10)IU/mL]at delivery after TDF therapy(r=-0.345,P=0.034).In a multiple linear regression analysis,maternal HBV DNA levels were associated with baseline maternal serum 25(OH)D levels(P<0.0001,β=-0.446),BMI(P=0.03,β=-0.245),baseline maternal log10 HBsAg levels(P=0.05,β=0.285)and cholesterol levels at delivery(P=0.015,β=0.341).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that baseline serum 25(OH)D levels(OR=1.23,95%CI:1.04-1.44),maternal VDR Cdx2 TT(OR=0.09,95%CI:0.01-0.88)and cholesterol levels at delivery(OR=0.39,95%CI:0.17-0.87)were associated with targeted antiviral effects(maternal HBV DNA levels<2×10^(5) at delivery).CONCLUSION Maternal VD levels and VDR SNPs may be associated with the efficacy of antiviral therapy in pregnant women with high HBV viral loads.Future studies to evaluate the therapeutic value of VD and its analogs in reducing the MTCT of HBV may be justified.
文摘The vitamin D3 molecule, or cholecalciferol, is now considered a hormone that acts on multiple homeostatic fronts, either skeletal or extra-skeletal. After 100 years since from its identification as a protective and curative factor of rickets, during the last decade the interest in vitamin D among scientists and general public increased substantially and the use of vitamin D supplements has increased nearly exponentially in many countries. The aim of the present review is to clarify the mechanisms of action of vitamin D compounds on bone health through well-known concepts identified, and readily available, in the scientific literature. Taking advantage of our multi-year and consolidated experience in the pathophysiology of bone and mineral metabolism, we aim to briefly describe those few “hot” topics that we have perceived not to be easy to understand both for health professionals engaged on metabolic bone disorders and for those that are non-experts in this field and who should approach it. We describe, through basic pathophysiology concepts, the relationships between vitamin D and skeletal health: the main sources of vitamin D in humans, the vitamin D metabolites, evaluation of vitamin D status, tissue distribution of vitamin D, natural factors affecting the half-life of vitamin D3, the effects of cholecalciferol on calcium homeostasis and bone tissue, the relationship between vitamin D3 and bone cells and physical performance in the elderly, the effects of low vitamin D3 levels on bone loss and increased risk of fracture. Although currently different international institutional-academic positions exist about which is the best threshold value of serum vitamin D to be considered as adequate, it is important to bring out and lay a solid foundation supporting at least the crucial role played by it in the pathophysiology of skeletal tissue, despite the difficulties arising from the current lack of the specific molecular basis that clearly explain the balance between bone formation, mineralization and skeletal resorption. Finally, it should be also taken into consideration also the numerous reports, more recently identifiable in PubMed, in which, even in presence of very high levels of circulating values of 25OHD, clinically and biochemically observable toxic effects are not reported.
文摘Background: Coronavirus is rapidly transmitted and highly infectious, and it is also associated with high morbidity and mortality but no drugs have been recognised as being effective;therefore, it is necessary to protect against serious illnesses with an intrinsic protection mechanism. In addition, Vitamin D enhances the intrinsic protection mechanism. Purpose: This study aims to systematically review and conduct a meta-analysis to determine if vitamin D deficiency is associated with the development of severe COVID-19 illness, providing crucial insights into the potential impact of vitamin D on disease outcomes. Methods: This study is conducted through systematic reviews and meta-analysis while following well-designed research questions. Literature searches are performed according to PRISMA guidelines with inclusion and exclusion criteria through the electronic database PubMed, CINAHL and Google Scholar. All data for meta-analysis were performed using RevMan 5.4. The software program was used for blending the statistical data and deriving the cumulative result of the intervention on concluding outcomes of interest. To analyze dichotomous data, the Mantel-Haenszel method was performed, and an odds ratio was conducted for outcome evaluation with 95% confidence interval. Results: The meta-analysis showed that there is statistically significant (P Conclusion: This study indicated that Vitamin D deficiency is associated with the development of COVID-19 related serious illnesses. Also, it is highly recommended to do more randomised control trials for the establishment of this topic strongly.
基金supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2016-67015-24958 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.
文摘Background Recent evidence suggests important roles for progesterone(P4)and interferon tau in the regulation of calcium,phosphate,and vitamin D signaling in the uteri of pregnant sheep.However,the effects of P4 and estradiol(E2),with respect to the expression of their receptors PGR and ESR1,respectively,in uterine epithelia on mineral signaling during the estrous cycle has not been investigated.Estrous cycles of mature Suffolk ewes were synchronized,prostaglandin F2αwas administered,and ewes were observed for estrus(designated as Day 0)in the presence of vasectomized rams.On Days 1,9,or 14 of the estrous cycle,hysterectomies were performed.Results 25-hydroxyvitamin D was more abundant in plasma from ewes on Day 14 than Day 1(P<0.05).Expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2(FGFR2),a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17(ADAM17),and parathyroid hormone-related protein(PTHrP)mRNAs was greater in endometria on Day 9 compared to Days 1 and 14(P<0.01).Similarly,expression of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 6(TRPV6)mRNA was greater in endometria on Day 9 than Day 1(P<0.05).ATPase plasma membrane Ca^(2+)transporting 4(ATP2B4)and S100 calcium binding protein G(S100G)mRNA expression was greater in endometria on Day 14 than on Days 1 and 9(P<0.01).In contrast,endometrial expression of vitamin D receptor(VDR)mRNA was lower on Days 9 and 14 than Day 1(P<0.01).Expression of klotho(KL)(P<0.05)and cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1(CYP24)(P<0.01)mRNAs was lower on Day 14 than Days 1 and 9.ADAM17,FGF23,CYP2R1,CYP27B1,KL,and VDR proteins immunolocalized to the uterine myometrium,blood vessels,and uterine luminal(LE),superficial glandular(sGE),and glandular(GE)epithelia.S100A9 protein was weakly expressed in the uterine myometrium,LE,sGE,and GE.Immunoreactivity of CYP2R1 and KL proteins in uterine LE and sGE was less on Day 1 than on Days 9 and 14.In contrast,S100G protein was expressed exclusively by GE,and immunoreactive S100G protein was less on Day 9.S100A12 protein localized to stromal cells of the uterine stratum spongiosum and blood vessels,but not by uterine epithelial cells.Conclusion Collectively,these results implicate E2,P4,and PGR in the regulation of phosphate,calcium,and vitamin D signaling in cyclic ewes.
文摘Objective: It remains unknown whether calcium metabolism has any effect on the clinical presentation of superior semicircular canal dehiscence(SSCD). Our aim was to analyse the adjusted calcium and vitamin D levels in SSCD patients compared to a control group.Methods: This was a prospective case-control study performed in a tertiary referral center, university teaching hospital in the UK. It included all new patients with SSCD seen in a dedicated skull base clinic over a 5-year period(2015-2019) compared to a gender and age matched control group. The main outcome of the study was adjusted calcium and Vitamin D levels between the two groups.Results: A total of 31 SSCD patients were recruited with a matched number of control patients. The mean Vitamin D level on the SSCD group was 44.8 nmoL/l(SD: 20.8) compared to 47.5 nmoL/l(SD: 27.4) on the control group(p = 0.702). Mean Adjusted calcium level was 2.34 mmoL/l(SD: 0.7) for SSCD compared to2.41 mmoL/l(SD: 0.11) for controls(p = 0.01), being within normal limits for both the SSCD and the control group.Conclusion: Our study did not identify a link between Vitamin D levels and presence of SSCD. Normal adjusted calcium values were found in both groups. Despite that a statistically significant lower calcium level was found in the SSCD group which could indicate that suboptimal levels of calcium may affect the micro-environment of the otic capsule at the SSC region.
文摘BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a chronic metabolic disease featured by insulin resistance(IR)and decreased insulin secretion.Currently,vitamin D deficiency is found in most patients with T2DM,but the relationship between vitamin D and IR in T2DM patients requires further investigation.AIM To explore the risk factors of IR and the effects of vitamin D supplementation on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with T2DM.METHODS Clinical data of 162 T2DM patients treated in First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University between January 2019 and February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Based on the diagnostic criteria of IR,the patients were divided into a resistance group(n=100)and a non-resistance group(n=62).Subsequently,patients in the resistance group were subdivided to a conventional group(n=44)or a joint group(n=56)according to the treatment regimens.Logistic regression was carried out to analyze the risk factors of IR in T2DM patients.The changes in glucose and lipid metabolism indexes in T2DM patients with vitamin D deficiency were evaluated after the treatment.RESULTS Notable differences were observed in age and body mass index(BMI)between the resistance group and the non-resistance group(both P<0.05).The resistance group exhibited a lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D_(3)(25(OH)D_(3))level,as well as notably higher levels of 2-h postprandial blood glucose(2hPG),fasting blood glucose(FBG),and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)than the non-resistance group(all P<0.0001).Additionally,the resistance group demonstrated a higher triglyceride(TG)level but a lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C)level than the non-resistance group(all P<0.0001).The BMI,TG,HDL-C,25(OH)D_(3),2hPG,and HbA1c were found to be risk factors of IR.Moreover,the posttreatment changes in levels of 25(OH)D_(3),2hPG,FBG and HbA1c,as well as TG,total cholesterol,and HDL-C in the joint group were more significant than those in the conventional group(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION Patients with IR exhibit significant abnormalities in glucose and lipid metabolism parameters compared to the noninsulin resistant group.Logistic regression analysis revealed that 25(OH)D_(3)is an independent risk factor influencing IR.Supplementation of vitamin D has been shown to improve glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with IR and T2DM.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD0900400 and 2019YFD0900200)National Natural Science Foundation of China for Outstanding Youth Science Foundation(31922086)+1 种基金the earmarked fund for CARS(CARS-45)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2019YFN0036).
文摘Background Muscle represents a unique and complex system with many components and comprises the major edible part of animals.Vitamin D is a critical nutrient for animals and is known to enhance calcium absorption and immune response.In recent years,dietary vitamin D supplementation in livestock has received increased attention due to biological responses including improving shear force in mammalian meat.However,the vitamin D acquisition and myofiber development processes in fish differ from those in mammals,and the effect of vitamin D on fish flesh quality is poorly understood.Here,the influence of dietary vitamin D on fillet quality,antioxidant ability,and myofiber development was examined in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella).Methods A total of 540 healthy grass carp,with an initial average body weight of 257.24±0.63 g,were allotted in 6 experimental groups with 3 replicates each,and respectively fed corresponding diets with 15.2,364.3,782.5,1,167.9,1,573.8,and 1,980.1 IU/kg vitamin D for 70 d.Results Supplementation with 1,167.9 IU/kg vitamin D significantly improved nutritional value and sensory quality of fillets,enhancing crude protein,free amino acid,lipid,and collagen contents;maintaining an ideal pH;and reduc-ing lactate content,shear force,and cooking loss relative to respective values in the control(15.2 IU/kg)group.Average myofiber diameter and the frequency of myofibers>50μm in diameter increased under supplementation with 782.5–1,167.9 IU/kg vitamin D.Levels of oxidative damage biomarkers decreased,and the expression of antioxi-dant enzymes and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling molecules was upregulated in the 1,167.9 IU/kg vitamin D treatment compared to respective values in the control group.Furthermore,vitamin D supplementation activated cell differentiation by enhancing the expression of myogenic regulatory factors and myocyte enhancer factors compared to that in the control group.In addition,supplementation with 1,167.9 IU/kg vitamin D improved protein deposition associated with protein synthesis molecule(target of rapamycin)signaling and vitamin D receptor paralogs,along with inhibition of protein degradation(forkhead box protein 1)signaling.Conclusions Overall,the results demonstrated that vitamin D strengthened antioxidant ability and myofiber devel-opment,thereby enhancing nutritional value and sensory quality of fish flesh.These findings suggest that dietary vitamin D supplementation is conducive to the production of nutrient-rich,high quality aquaculture products.
基金The Roslin Institute receives Institute Strategic Grant funding from the BBSRC(BB/J004316/1).
文摘Emerging evidence suggests an important role of vitamin D in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy,and the regulation of foetal growth across mammalian species.However,the temporal changes in maternal vitamin D sta-tus throughout gestation in the pig and the relationship between maternal vitamin D status and litter characteristics of interest across gestation remain poorly understood and under-investigated.The abundance of 25(OH)D in maternal plasma was quantified by HPLC–MS/MS at gestational days(GD)18,30,45,60 and 90(n=5–11 gilts/GD).Maternal plasma 25(OH)D concentrations significantly increased between GD18 and GD30(P<0.05).The relationship between maternal vitamin D metabolite concentrations and litter characteristics of interest including gilt weight,ovulation rate,mean litter weight,number of live foetuses,percentage prenatal survival,and sex ratio of the litter was assessed.Maternal 25(OH)D(P=0.059)concentrations tended to be positively associated with percentage prenatal survival on GD60.On GD90,maternal 25(OH)D(P<0.05)concentrations were inversely associated with gilt weight.Maternal plasma 25(OH)D concentrations were inversely associated with the percentage of male foetuses in the litter on GD90(P<0.05).This study has provided novel insights into temporal changes in maternal vitamin D status throughout ges-tation and the relationship between maternal vitamin D status and the economically important litter characteristics of gilt weight,percentage prenatal survival and percentage of male foetuses in the litter.Improving the understanding of the role of vitamin D across important developmental timepoints in relation to foetal growth is essential to improve reproductive success in livestock species.
基金This research was funded by Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Projects(No.202002020066)the Young Scientists to the NSFC Application of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital(No.8210120306)the Open Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substance(No.SKL-BMSG2022-03)。
文摘Objective Vitamin D(VD)deficiency was reported to contribute to the progression of Crohn’s disease(CD)and affect the prognosis of CD patients.This study investigated the role of serum VD,body mass index(BMI),and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)in the diagnosis of Crohn’s disease.Methods CD patients(n=76)and healthy subjects(n=76)were enrolled between May 2019 and December 2020.The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D]levels,BMI,and TNF-αlevels,together with other biochemical parameters,were assessed before treatment.The diagnostic efficacy of the single and joint detection of serum 25(OH)D,BMI,and TNF-αwas determined using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Results The levels of 25(OH)D,BMI,and nutritional indicators,including hemoglobin,total protein,albumin,and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,were much lower,and the TNF-αlevels were much higher in the CD patients than in the healthy subjects(P<0.05 for all).The areas under the ROC curve for the single detection of 25(OH)D,BMI,and TNF-αwere 0.887,0.896,and 0.838,respectively,with the optimal cutoff values being 20.64 ng/mL,19.77 kg/m^(2),and 6.85 fmol/mL,respectively.The diagnostic efficacy of the joint detection of 25(OH)D,BMI,and TNF-αwas the highest,with an area under the ROC curve of 0.988(95%CI:0.968–1.000).Conclusion The joint detection of 25(OH)D,TNF-α,and BMI showed high sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy in CD diagnosis;thus,it would be effective for the diagnosis of CD in clinical practice.
文摘Insulin resistance increases the risk of developing diabetes,and the degree of resistance influences the glycemic control of patients with diabetes.Numerous researchers have focused on improving insulin sensitivity in order to prevent diabetes-related complications and other chronic diseases.Several studies have also linked vitamin D levels to insulin secretion and resistance,given that both vitamin D and its receptor complex play important roles in regulating pancreaticβ-cells.It has been suggested that vitamin D supplementation improves vitamin D levels,but further research is needed to confirm this as neither insulin function nor glycemic control improves when vitamin D levels increase.Magnesium is a cofactor for many enzymes.Although the role of magnesium in the management of diabetes has long been evaluated,it has not yet been determined whether magnesium supplements improve insulin function.However,several researchers have found that patients with good glycemic control have high magnesium levels.Magnesium is closely related to vitamin D and is necessary for the transport and activation of vitamin D in humans.Combined supplementation with vitamin D and magnesium improves glycemic control in patients with diabetes.
基金the Basic Scientific Research Project of Wenzhou of China(Y20210068)the Collaborative Education Project of Industry-University Cooperation of the Ministry of Education of China(202101160012).
文摘Background:Transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a central role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF).While previous studies have revealed a cross-talk between vitamin D and TGF-β1 signaling,it is still unclear how they interact with each other to regulate the progression of IPF.Methods:In this work,we searched for a novel mediator of TGF-β1 activity in lung fibroblasts and examined its regulation by vitamin D.In addition,we investigated the mechanism underlying the interaction between vitamin D and TGF-β1 signaling in lung fibroblast activation.Bioinformatic analysis was performed to identify TGF-β1 downstream target genes.Knockdown and overexpression expression experiments were conducted to determine gene function in the regulation of lung fibroblast proliferation and migration.Results:Analysis of publicly available datasets revealed that RAS guanyl releasing protein 3(RasGRP3)was upregulated in TGF-β1-treated lung fibroblasts and lung tissues from IPF patients relative to healthy controls.Our data confirmed the upregulation of RasGRP3 by TGF-β1 in human MRC5 lung fibroblasts.Overexpression of RasGRP3 enhanced MRC5 cell proliferation and migration.Knockdown of RasGRP3 blocked TGF-β1-induced MRC5 proliferation and migration.Vitamin D abolished TGF-β1-induced RasGRP3 upregulation,which was reversed by inhibition of the vitamin D receptor(VDR).Mechanistically,vitamin D promoted VDR enrichment and prevented mothers against decapentaplegic homolog(SMAD)2 and 3 occupancy at the promoter of RasGRP3.Additionally,overexpression of RasGRP3 reversed the suppressive effect of vitamin D on MRC5 cell proliferation and migration.Conclusion:In conclusion,vitamin D antagonizes TGF-β1-induced lung fibroblast activation by repressing RasGRP3 transcription.
文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a common chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder affecting 10%-22%of adults.Its development is closely related to the gut microbiota,and the inflammatory and immune responses triggered by the gut microbiota can lead to IBS.Vitamin D(VD)effectively treats IBS with fewer side effects by improving gut microbiota,immune regulation,and anti-inflammatory effects.In the future,it is necessary to carry out epidemiological studies on the relationship between VD and IBS,clinical studies on the efficacy of supplementing VD to improve IBS,and animal studies on the mechanism of VD improving IBS.Therefore,this paper discussed the relationship between VD and IBS.
文摘Background: Vitamin D has garnered much attention for its role in immune function, more specifically, it’s conceivable link to the clinical severity of Covid-19 infections and therefore its potential application in prophylactic or therapeutic treatment. Vitamin D appears capable of inhibiting pulmonary inflammatory responses while enhancing innate defence mechanisms against respiratory pathogens with population-based studies showing an association between circulating vitamin D levels and lung function. We understand that infection with Sars-Cov-2 induces production of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, whilst Vitamin D downregulates production of pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokines including tumour necrosis factor and interferon Y, whilst increasing expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines by macrophages. Vitamin D is also involved in the renin-angiotensin system which is regulated by entry of the SARS-Cov-2 virus into cells via the ACE2 receptor, leading to cytokine storms, with subsequent fatal respiratory distress syndrome. The theoretical implications for Vitamin D status in the presentation of Covid-19 (the disease state of Sars-Cov-2) exist, yet data on its application is currently limited. Geographical variables depicting patterns between sun exposure, diet or Vit D status, and risk of death from Covid-19 have shown strong negative correlation. Aim: We aim to assess levels of Vitamin D deficiency in ICU patients who have tested positive for Sars-Cov-2 and who have exhibited respiratory symptoms. In this way, we hope to identify the possibility of Vitamin D as a significant contributing factor to disease progression in Covid patients. Sample: Male or Female patients of any age, who were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit exhibiting respiratory symptoms, with a positive Sars-Cov-2 PCR test, between 12/3/21 and 25/2/21. sample total: 79. Results: Testing was very inconsistent with only 67.1% having their Vitamin D levels checked. There was average delay in testing levels by 2 days. 64% of patients were found to be very deficient. Conclusion: This study highlights the strong correlation between Vitamin D status and severity of Covid-19 disease and thus demonstrates a potential huge shortfall in the testing and treatment of this immunodeficiency as it relates to Covid-19. Based on recommendations of Vitamin D levels required for protection of this viral syndrome, as much as 100% of patients sampled with severe disease could be deficient in Vitamin D.
文摘Objective:The aim of this study is to compare the effect of Vitamin D and Vitamin E supplementations,alone,and in combination,on reducing the intensity and duration of dysmenorrhea in women who were referred to the Kowsar gynecological clinics of Shahid Motahari Hospital of Urmia University of Medical Sciences.Materials and Methods:A double-blinded clinical trial was conducted on 112 women with dysmenorrhea who were randomly allocated into the four study groups.Finally,100 women complete the study and received capsules containing a placebo(n=25),1000 IU of Vitamin D(n=25),400 mg of Vitamin E(n=25),and 1000 IU of Vitamin D+400 mg of Vitamin E(n=25)every 24 h for 2 consecutive months at the beginning of the menstrual period.The pain intensity and duration among groups were compared before and after the intervention.Results:The mean menstrual pain duration in all three experimental groups(Vitamin E,Vitamin D,and the combination of them)was lower than the placebo group(all P<0.05),and the mean pain intensity scores in all three experimental groups were significantly lower than the placebo group(all P<0.05).The results(means)for all of the drugs administered at the end of the 2nd month were better than the 1st month(all P<0.01).Conclusions:Vitamin E and Vitamin D,as well as their combination,are recommended as an effective and safe treatment for the management of the complications of dysmenorrhea.
