Based on the organic geochemical data and the molecular and stable carbon isotopic compositions of natural gas of the Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation in the western Central Depression of Junggar Basin,combined with ...Based on the organic geochemical data and the molecular and stable carbon isotopic compositions of natural gas of the Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation in the western Central Depression of Junggar Basin,combined with sedimentary environment analysis and hydrocarbon-generating simulation,the gas-generating potential of the Fengcheng source rock is evaluated,the distribution of large-scale effective source kitchen is described,the genetic types of natural gas are clarified,and four types of favorable exploration targets are selected.The results show that:(1)The Fengcheng Formation is a set of oil-prone source rocks,and the retained liquid hydrocarbon is conducive to late cracking into gas,with characteristics of high gas-generating potential and late accumulation;(2)The maximum thickness of Fengcheng source rock reaches 900 m.The source rock has entered the main gas-generating stage in Penyijingxi and Shawan sags,and the area with gas-generating intensity greater than 20×10^(8) m^(3)/km^(2) is approximately 6500 km^(2).(3)Around the western Central Depression,highly mature oil-type gas with light carbon isotope composition was identified to be derived from the Fengcheng source rocks mainly,while the rest was coal-derived gas from the Carboniferous source rock;(4)Four types of favorable exploration targets with exploration potential were developed in the western Central Depression which are structural traps neighboring to the source,stratigraphic traps neighboring to the source,shale-gas type within the source,and structural traps within the source.Great attention should be paid to these targets.展开更多
Taking the tight oil of the Zhongnan sag in the Ordos Basin,Jimusar sag in the Junggar Basin and Qingxi sag in the Jiuquan Basin as study objects,based on field survey,dissection of tight oil reservoirs,sample test,mo...Taking the tight oil of the Zhongnan sag in the Ordos Basin,Jimusar sag in the Junggar Basin and Qingxi sag in the Jiuquan Basin as study objects,based on field survey,dissection of tight oil reservoirs,sample test,modeling experiment and comprehensive analysis,this study reveals that the tight oil accumulates at start-up pressure,advances under differential pressure,diffuses at alternating fast and low speeds,charges in stepped large area and migrates rapidly through fractures,and enriches in dominant fractures and pores.The root cause of ladder-like charge is the multiple scales of pores.The widespread source rock with high hydrocarbon generation intensity is the material basis for tight oil enrichment;the dominant source reservoir assemblage is the basic unit for tight oil enrichment;fractures and beddings are conducive to local rapid migration of tight oil;fractures and pores work together to control the enrichment of tight oil.Two typical accumulation models of tight oil are established,namely"source reservoir in coexistence,four optimal factors controlling enrichment around central area,and large-scale continuous distribution"for a large freshwater lake clastic rock basin and"source reservoir integration,four optimal factors controlling enrichment,central area distribution,small in size but high in enrichment degree"for a small saline lake diamictite depression.展开更多
Based on the data of measured formation pressure, drilling fluid density of key exploration wells and calculated pressure by well logging, combined with the analysis of natural gas geological conditions, the character...Based on the data of measured formation pressure, drilling fluid density of key exploration wells and calculated pressure by well logging, combined with the analysis of natural gas geological conditions, the characteristics and formation mechanisms of formation fluid overpressure systems in different foreland basins and the relationship between overpressure systems and large-scale gas accumulation are discussed.(1) The formation mechanisms of formation overpressure in different foreland basins are different. The formation mechanism of overpressure in the Kuqa foreland basin is mainly the overpressure sealing of plastic salt gypsum layer and hydrocarbon generation pressurization in deep–ultra-deep layers, that in the southern Junggar foreland basin is mainly hydrocarbon generation pressurization and under-compaction sealing, and that in the western Sichuan foreland basin is mainly hydrocarbon generation pressurization and paleo-fluid overpressure residual.(2) There are three common characteristics in foreland basins, i.e. superimposed development of multi-type overpressure and multi-layer overpressure, strong–extremely strong overpressure developed in a closed foreland thrust belt, and strong–extremely strong overpressure developed in a deep foreland uplift area.(3) There are four regional overpressure sealing and storage mechanisms, which play an important role in controlling large gas fields, such as the overpressure of plastic salt gypsum layer, the overpressure formed by hydrocarbon generation pressurization, the residual overpressure after Himalayan uplift and denudation, and the under-compaction overpressure.(4) Regional overpressure is an important guarantee for forming large gas fields, the sufficient gas source, large-scale reservoir and trap development in overpressure system are the basic conditions for forming large gas fields, and the overpressure system is conducive to forming deep to ultra-deep large gas fields.展开更多
Large-scale gas accumulation areas in large oil-gas basins in central and Western China have multiple special accumulation mechanisms and different accumulation effects.Based on the geological theory and method of nat...Large-scale gas accumulation areas in large oil-gas basins in central and Western China have multiple special accumulation mechanisms and different accumulation effects.Based on the geological theory and method of natural gas reservoir formation,this study examined the regional geological and structural background,formation burial evolution,basic characteristics of gas reservoirs,and fluid geology and geochemistry of typical petroliferous basins.The results show that the geological processes such as structural pumping,mudstone water absorption,water-soluble gas degasification and fluid sequestration caused by uplift and denudation since Himalayan stage all can form large-scale gas accumulation and different geological effects of gas accumulation.For example,the large-scale structural pumping effect and fluid sequestration effect are conducive to the occurrence of regional ultra-high pressure fluid and the formation of large-scale ultra-high pressure gas field;mudstone water absorption effect in the formation with low thickness ratio of sandstone to formation is conducive to the development of regional low-pressure and water free gas reservoir;the water-soluble gas degasification effect in large-scale thick sandstone can not only form large-scale natural gas accumulation;moreover,the degasification of water-soluble gas produced by the lateral migration of formation water will produce regional and regular isotopic fractionation effect of natural gas,that is,the farther the migration distance of water-soluble gas is,the heavier the carbon isotopic composition of methane formed by the accumulation.展开更多
Pseudosection modeling for the garnet amphibolite samples from the Western Dabie Mountains show they have experienced similar HP metamorphic evolution with that of the adjected eclogites.The common assemblage of
The most of high/ultrahigh-pressure(HP/UHP)terranes of the world are characterized by the occurrence of numerous pods,lenses or layered blocks of eclogite and amphibolites(e.g.O’Brien,1997;Elvevold and Gilotti,2000;Z...The most of high/ultrahigh-pressure(HP/UHP)terranes of the world are characterized by the occurrence of numerous pods,lenses or layered blocks of eclogite and amphibolites(e.g.O’Brien,1997;Elvevold and Gilotti,2000;Zhang et al.,2003;and references there in).Field and petrological features suggest that amphibolites should展开更多
The new Eurasia Continental Bridgeruns from East China to Central andWest China, crossing 11 provincesand regions, namely Jiangsu, Shandong,Hubei, Anhui, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi,Sichuan, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Ningxia.T...The new Eurasia Continental Bridgeruns from East China to Central andWest China, crossing 11 provincesand regions, namely Jiangsu, Shandong,Hubei, Anhui, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi,Sichuan, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Ningxia.The total area is 3.6 million sq km and thepopulation is about 300 million, accountingfor a third and a quarter of the whole countryrespectively. The area is very rich in naturalresources, so it is called an "Economic goldbelt" and "Gold corridor". Aerial remote-control survey indicates that along thecontinental bridge from Lianyungang to theAla Mountains within China’s boundary,展开更多
The significance of including development in the spectrum of human rights lies in the fact that the notion of human rights is thus expanded to include the independence and economic and social development of the third ...The significance of including development in the spectrum of human rights lies in the fact that the notion of human rights is thus expanded to include the independence and economic and social development of the third world, instead of being limited to Western philosophical exploration and political experiments. Moreover, in practice, the right to development, as a newly added element of human rights, may correct the traditional idea in some states that the only version of human rights is political freedom, and those states failing to perform well in such freedoms should be criticized or even punished. When the human rights concept and system are examined from the perspective of development, more tolerance and cooperation may be expected in international politics, thus promoting the enrichment and improvement of the whole human rights system.展开更多
The central and western Tibetan Plateau(CWTP)is characterized by harsh environment and strong interactions among the spheres of earth as well as significant changes in climate and water cycles over the past four decad...The central and western Tibetan Plateau(CWTP)is characterized by harsh environment and strong interactions among the spheres of earth as well as significant changes in climate and water cycles over the past four decades.The lack of precipitation observations is a bottleneck for the study of land surface processes in this region.Over the past six years,we have designed and established two observation transects across the south-north and the west-east in this region to obtain hourly rainfall data during the warm season(May-September).The south-north transect extends from Yadong Valley on the southern slope of the Himalayas to Shuanghu County in the hinterland of the plateau,with a total of 31stations;the west-east transect extends from Shiquanhe in the west to Naqu in the central TP,with a total of 22 stations.The observation dataset has been applied to clarify the spatiotemporal characteristics of precipitation in the CWTP,to evaluate the quality of typical gridded precipitation products,to support the development of regional climate models,and to reveal the processes of summertime lake-air interactions.The observation dataset has been released in the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center.展开更多
With the economic integration all over the world, it is necessary to establish the free trade area of central Asia, including Xinjiang. This paper analyses the demands on establishing free trade area in central Asia. ...With the economic integration all over the world, it is necessary to establish the free trade area of central Asia, including Xinjiang. This paper analyses the demands on establishing free trade area in central Asia. According to the present statues of Xinjiang and five countries of central Asia, the developmental patterns are suggested. Furthermore, some policies and suggestions are proposed about the existing problems.展开更多
Ticks are considered the second most common pathogen vectors transmitting a broad range of vital human and veterinary viruses.From 2017 to 2018,640 ticks were collected in eight different provinces in central and west...Ticks are considered the second most common pathogen vectors transmitting a broad range of vital human and veterinary viruses.From 2017 to 2018,640 ticks were collected in eight different provinces in central and western China.Six species were detected,including H.longicornis,De.everestianus,Rh.microplus,Rh.turanicus,Rh.sanguineous,and Hy.asiaticum.Sixty-four viral metagenomic libraries were constructed on the MiSeq Illumina platform,resulting in 13.44 G(5.88×10^(7))of 250-bp-end reads,in which 2,437,941 are viral reads.We found 27 nearly complete genome sequences,including 16 genome sequences encoding entire protein-coding regions(lack of 30 or 50 end non-coding regions)and complete viral genomes,distributed in the arboviral family(Chuviridae,Rhabdoviridae,Nairoviridae,Phenuiviridae,Flaviviridae,Iflaviridae)as well as Parvoviridae and Polyomaviridae that cause disease in mammals and even humans.In addition,13 virus sequences found in Chuviridae,Nairoviridae,Flaviviridae,Iflaviridae,Hepeviridae,Parvoviridae,and Polyomaviridae were identified as belonging to a new virus species in the identified viral genera.Besides,an epidemiological survey shows a high prevalence(9.38%and 15.63%)of two viruses(Ovine Copiparvovirus and Bovine parvovirus 2)in the tick cohort.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41802177,42272188)PetroChina Basic Technology Research and Development Project(2021DJ0206,2022DJ0507)Research Fund of PetroChina Basic Scientific Research and Strategic Reserve Technology(2020D-5008-04).
文摘Based on the organic geochemical data and the molecular and stable carbon isotopic compositions of natural gas of the Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation in the western Central Depression of Junggar Basin,combined with sedimentary environment analysis and hydrocarbon-generating simulation,the gas-generating potential of the Fengcheng source rock is evaluated,the distribution of large-scale effective source kitchen is described,the genetic types of natural gas are clarified,and four types of favorable exploration targets are selected.The results show that:(1)The Fengcheng Formation is a set of oil-prone source rocks,and the retained liquid hydrocarbon is conducive to late cracking into gas,with characteristics of high gas-generating potential and late accumulation;(2)The maximum thickness of Fengcheng source rock reaches 900 m.The source rock has entered the main gas-generating stage in Penyijingxi and Shawan sags,and the area with gas-generating intensity greater than 20×10^(8) m^(3)/km^(2) is approximately 6500 km^(2).(3)Around the western Central Depression,highly mature oil-type gas with light carbon isotope composition was identified to be derived from the Fengcheng source rocks mainly,while the rest was coal-derived gas from the Carboniferous source rock;(4)Four types of favorable exploration targets with exploration potential were developed in the western Central Depression which are structural traps neighboring to the source,stratigraphic traps neighboring to the source,shale-gas type within the source,and structural traps within the source.Great attention should be paid to these targets.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41672118)Strategic Cooperation Science and Technology Project Between China University of Petroleum and Petro China(ZLZX2020-01-06)。
文摘Taking the tight oil of the Zhongnan sag in the Ordos Basin,Jimusar sag in the Junggar Basin and Qingxi sag in the Jiuquan Basin as study objects,based on field survey,dissection of tight oil reservoirs,sample test,modeling experiment and comprehensive analysis,this study reveals that the tight oil accumulates at start-up pressure,advances under differential pressure,diffuses at alternating fast and low speeds,charges in stepped large area and migrates rapidly through fractures,and enriches in dominant fractures and pores.The root cause of ladder-like charge is the multiple scales of pores.The widespread source rock with high hydrocarbon generation intensity is the material basis for tight oil enrichment;the dominant source reservoir assemblage is the basic unit for tight oil enrichment;fractures and beddings are conducive to local rapid migration of tight oil;fractures and pores work together to control the enrichment of tight oil.Two typical accumulation models of tight oil are established,namely"source reservoir in coexistence,four optimal factors controlling enrichment around central area,and large-scale continuous distribution"for a large freshwater lake clastic rock basin and"source reservoir integration,four optimal factors controlling enrichment,central area distribution,small in size but high in enrichment degree"for a small saline lake diamictite depression.
基金Supported by the Petrochina Science and Technology Major Project(2016B-05)。
文摘Based on the data of measured formation pressure, drilling fluid density of key exploration wells and calculated pressure by well logging, combined with the analysis of natural gas geological conditions, the characteristics and formation mechanisms of formation fluid overpressure systems in different foreland basins and the relationship between overpressure systems and large-scale gas accumulation are discussed.(1) The formation mechanisms of formation overpressure in different foreland basins are different. The formation mechanism of overpressure in the Kuqa foreland basin is mainly the overpressure sealing of plastic salt gypsum layer and hydrocarbon generation pressurization in deep–ultra-deep layers, that in the southern Junggar foreland basin is mainly hydrocarbon generation pressurization and under-compaction sealing, and that in the western Sichuan foreland basin is mainly hydrocarbon generation pressurization and paleo-fluid overpressure residual.(2) There are three common characteristics in foreland basins, i.e. superimposed development of multi-type overpressure and multi-layer overpressure, strong–extremely strong overpressure developed in a closed foreland thrust belt, and strong–extremely strong overpressure developed in a deep foreland uplift area.(3) There are four regional overpressure sealing and storage mechanisms, which play an important role in controlling large gas fields, such as the overpressure of plastic salt gypsum layer, the overpressure formed by hydrocarbon generation pressurization, the residual overpressure after Himalayan uplift and denudation, and the under-compaction overpressure.(4) Regional overpressure is an important guarantee for forming large gas fields, the sufficient gas source, large-scale reservoir and trap development in overpressure system are the basic conditions for forming large gas fields, and the overpressure system is conducive to forming deep to ultra-deep large gas fields.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(2016ZX05003-002)Scientific Research Project of Petro China Company Limited(2016E-0601)
文摘Large-scale gas accumulation areas in large oil-gas basins in central and Western China have multiple special accumulation mechanisms and different accumulation effects.Based on the geological theory and method of natural gas reservoir formation,this study examined the regional geological and structural background,formation burial evolution,basic characteristics of gas reservoirs,and fluid geology and geochemistry of typical petroliferous basins.The results show that the geological processes such as structural pumping,mudstone water absorption,water-soluble gas degasification and fluid sequestration caused by uplift and denudation since Himalayan stage all can form large-scale gas accumulation and different geological effects of gas accumulation.For example,the large-scale structural pumping effect and fluid sequestration effect are conducive to the occurrence of regional ultra-high pressure fluid and the formation of large-scale ultra-high pressure gas field;mudstone water absorption effect in the formation with low thickness ratio of sandstone to formation is conducive to the development of regional low-pressure and water free gas reservoir;the water-soluble gas degasification effect in large-scale thick sandstone can not only form large-scale natural gas accumulation;moreover,the degasification of water-soluble gas produced by the lateral migration of formation water will produce regional and regular isotopic fractionation effect of natural gas,that is,the farther the migration distance of water-soluble gas is,the heavier the carbon isotopic composition of methane formed by the accumulation.
文摘Pseudosection modeling for the garnet amphibolite samples from the Western Dabie Mountains show they have experienced similar HP metamorphic evolution with that of the adjected eclogites.The common assemblage of
文摘The most of high/ultrahigh-pressure(HP/UHP)terranes of the world are characterized by the occurrence of numerous pods,lenses or layered blocks of eclogite and amphibolites(e.g.O’Brien,1997;Elvevold and Gilotti,2000;Zhang et al.,2003;and references there in).Field and petrological features suggest that amphibolites should
文摘The new Eurasia Continental Bridgeruns from East China to Central andWest China, crossing 11 provincesand regions, namely Jiangsu, Shandong,Hubei, Anhui, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi,Sichuan, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Ningxia.The total area is 3.6 million sq km and thepopulation is about 300 million, accountingfor a third and a quarter of the whole countryrespectively. The area is very rich in naturalresources, so it is called an "Economic goldbelt" and "Gold corridor". Aerial remote-control survey indicates that along thecontinental bridge from Lianyungang to theAla Mountains within China’s boundary,
文摘The significance of including development in the spectrum of human rights lies in the fact that the notion of human rights is thus expanded to include the independence and economic and social development of the third world, instead of being limited to Western philosophical exploration and political experiments. Moreover, in practice, the right to development, as a newly added element of human rights, may correct the traditional idea in some states that the only version of human rights is political freedom, and those states failing to perform well in such freedoms should be criticized or even punished. When the human rights concept and system are examined from the perspective of development, more tolerance and cooperation may be expected in international politics, thus promoting the enrichment and improvement of the whole human rights system.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP)(Grants No.2019QZKK0206)the National Key Research and Development Project(Grants No.2018YFA0605400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.41975125)。
文摘The central and western Tibetan Plateau(CWTP)is characterized by harsh environment and strong interactions among the spheres of earth as well as significant changes in climate and water cycles over the past four decades.The lack of precipitation observations is a bottleneck for the study of land surface processes in this region.Over the past six years,we have designed and established two observation transects across the south-north and the west-east in this region to obtain hourly rainfall data during the warm season(May-September).The south-north transect extends from Yadong Valley on the southern slope of the Himalayas to Shuanghu County in the hinterland of the plateau,with a total of 31stations;the west-east transect extends from Shiquanhe in the west to Naqu in the central TP,with a total of 22 stations.The observation dataset has been applied to clarify the spatiotemporal characteristics of precipitation in the CWTP,to evaluate the quality of typical gridded precipitation products,to support the development of regional climate models,and to reveal the processes of summertime lake-air interactions.The observation dataset has been released in the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center.
文摘With the economic integration all over the world, it is necessary to establish the free trade area of central Asia, including Xinjiang. This paper analyses the demands on establishing free trade area in central Asia. According to the present statues of Xinjiang and five countries of central Asia, the developmental patterns are suggested. Furthermore, some policies and suggestions are proposed about the existing problems.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Programs of China(No.2022YFC2603800)Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Projects(No.BE2017693).
文摘Ticks are considered the second most common pathogen vectors transmitting a broad range of vital human and veterinary viruses.From 2017 to 2018,640 ticks were collected in eight different provinces in central and western China.Six species were detected,including H.longicornis,De.everestianus,Rh.microplus,Rh.turanicus,Rh.sanguineous,and Hy.asiaticum.Sixty-four viral metagenomic libraries were constructed on the MiSeq Illumina platform,resulting in 13.44 G(5.88×10^(7))of 250-bp-end reads,in which 2,437,941 are viral reads.We found 27 nearly complete genome sequences,including 16 genome sequences encoding entire protein-coding regions(lack of 30 or 50 end non-coding regions)and complete viral genomes,distributed in the arboviral family(Chuviridae,Rhabdoviridae,Nairoviridae,Phenuiviridae,Flaviviridae,Iflaviridae)as well as Parvoviridae and Polyomaviridae that cause disease in mammals and even humans.In addition,13 virus sequences found in Chuviridae,Nairoviridae,Flaviviridae,Iflaviridae,Hepeviridae,Parvoviridae,and Polyomaviridae were identified as belonging to a new virus species in the identified viral genera.Besides,an epidemiological survey shows a high prevalence(9.38%and 15.63%)of two viruses(Ovine Copiparvovirus and Bovine parvovirus 2)in the tick cohort.
