Since the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was the first Winter Olympics in history held in continental winter monsoon climate conditions across complex terrain areas,there is a deficiency of relevant research,operational...Since the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was the first Winter Olympics in history held in continental winter monsoon climate conditions across complex terrain areas,there is a deficiency of relevant research,operational techniques,and experience.This made providing meteorological services for this event particularly challenging.The China Meteorological Administration(CMA)Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre,achieved breakthroughs in research on short-and medium-term deterministic and ensemble numerical predictions.Several key technologies crucial for precise winter weather services during the Winter Olympics were developed.A comprehensive framework,known as the Operational System for High-Precision Weather Forecasting for the Winter Olympics,was established.Some of these advancements represent the highest level of capabilities currently available in China.The meteorological service provided to the Beijing 2022 Games also exceeded previous Winter Olympic Games in both variety and quality.This included achievements such as the“100-meter level,minute level”downscaled spatiotemporal resolution and forecasts spanning 1 to 15 days.Around 30 new technologies and over 60 kinds of products that align with the requirements of the Winter Olympics Organizing Committee were developed,and many of these techniques have since been integrated into the CMA’s operational national forecasting systems.These accomplishments were facilitated by a dedicated weather forecasting and research initiative,in conjunction with the preexisting real-time operational forecasting systems of the CMA.This program represents one of the five subprograms of the WMO’s high-impact weather forecasting demonstration project(SMART2022),and continues to play an important role in their Regional Association(RA)II Research Development Project(Hangzhou RDP).Therefore,the research accomplishments and meteorological service experiences from this program will be carried forward into forthcoming highimpact weather forecasting activities.This article provides an overview and assessment of this program and the operational national forecasting systems.展开更多
BACKGROUND:To assess the efficacy of the epidemic prevention measures of the“closed-loop”system adopted by the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games(BOWG).METHODS:We retrospectively collected and analyzed information,in...BACKGROUND:To assess the efficacy of the epidemic prevention measures of the“closed-loop”system adopted by the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games(BOWG).METHODS:We retrospectively collected and analyzed information,including age,sex,nationality,vaccination status,date of diagnosis,and date of entry,from 280 SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals identified during the BOWG.A susceptibility-exposed-infectious-remove model was employed to evaluate the effectiveness of epidemic prevention strategies on controlling the spread of SARS-CoV-2 under different scenarios during the BOWG.RESULTS:Regarding SARS-CoV-2-positive cases,97.9%were imported,and 96.4%were asymptomatic.The median age was 37 years(range:29–47 years),and 73.9%were male,with the majority of cases being broadcasters and European attendees.Regarding vaccination status,93.5%were fully vaccinated,and six cases were considered to have been infected in the closed-loop system during the BOWG.Assuming that the BOWG adopted a semi-closed-loop management system,the cumulative number of confirmed cases would be 1,137 for quick quarantine measures(3 d later)implemented and 5,530 for delayed quarantine measures(9 d later)implemented.This modeling revealed that stringent pandemic prevention measures and closed-loop management effectively controlled the spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the BOWG.CONCLUSION:Imported cases are considered the main risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 transmission during mass gatherings,but a comprehensive closed-loop system could minimize transmission among attendees and general personnel.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games was the second Games held amid the COVID-19 pandemic.To a certain extent,it has altered the way sporting activities operate.There is a lack of knowledge on injury risk and ...BACKGROUND:Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games was the second Games held amid the COVID-19 pandemic.To a certain extent,it has altered the way sporting activities operate.There is a lack of knowledge on injury risk and illness occurrence in elite winter sport athletes amid the COVID-19 pandemic.This study aimed to describe the incidence of injuries and illnesses sustained during the XXIV Olympic Winter Games in Beijing from February 4 to 20,2022.METHODS:We recorded the daily number of injuries and illnesses among athletes reported by Beijing 2022 medical staff in the polyclinic,medical venues,and ambulance.We calculated injury and illness incidence as the number of injuries or illnesses occurring during competition or training,respectively,with incidence presented as injuries/illnesses per 100 athlete-days.RESULTS:In total,2,897 athletes from 91 nations experienced injury or illness.Beijing 2022 medical staff reported 326 injuries and 80 illnesses,equaling 11.3 injuries and 2.8 illnesses per 100 athletes over the 17-day period.Altogether,11%of the athletes incurred at least one injury and nearly 3%incurred at least one illness.The number of injured athletes was highest in the skating sports(n=104),followed by alpine skiing(n=53),ice track(n=37),freestyle skiing(n=36),and ice hockey(n=35),and was the lowest in the Nordic skiing disciplines(n=20).Of the 326 injuries,14(4.3%)led to an estimated absence from training or competition of more than 1 week.A total of 52 injured athletes were transferred to hospitals for further care.The number of athletes with illness(n=80)was the highest for skating(n=33)and Nordic skiing(n=22).A total of 50 illnesses(62.5%)were admitted to the department of dentistry/ophthalmology/otolaryngology,and the most common cause of illness was other causes,including preexisting illness and medicine(n=52,65%).CONCLUSION:Overall,11%of athletes incurred at least one injury during the Games,which is similar to the findings during the Olympic Winter Games in 2014 and 2018.Regarding illness,2%of athletes were affected,which is approximately one-third of the number affected in the 2018 Olympic Winter Games.展开更多
It is generally expected that the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games will bring health and social benefits to their host city and to Brazil. This assumption comes from “common sense”, as a logical conc...It is generally expected that the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games will bring health and social benefits to their host city and to Brazil. This assumption comes from “common sense”, as a logical conclusion arising from the fact that host cities “inspire” and stimulate lifestyle changes. Benefits are also expected on tourism, self-image, architecture and the economy of the country as a whole. But are these expectations real and evidence-based? What parts of these “facts” are concrete and which ones are not? This paper suggests available ways of quantifying positive effects of hosting an Olympic Game, and puts the focus of this approach on the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic Games and their true legacy, seeking scientific certainties.展开更多
The attainment of suitable ambient air quality standards is a matter of great concern for successfully hosting the ⅩⅩⅣ Olympic Winter Games(OWG). Transport patterns and potential sources of pollutants in Zhangjiako...The attainment of suitable ambient air quality standards is a matter of great concern for successfully hosting the ⅩⅩⅣ Olympic Winter Games(OWG). Transport patterns and potential sources of pollutants in Zhangjiakou(ZJK) were investigated using pollutant monitoring datasets and a dispersion model. The PM_(2.5) concentration during February in ZJK has increased slightly(28%) from 2018 to 2021, mostly owing to the shift of main potential source regions of west-central Inner Mongolia and Mongolian areas(2015–18) to the North China Plain and northern Shanxi Province(NCPS) after 2018.Using CO as an indicator, the relative contributions of the different regions to the receptor site(ZJK) were evaluated based on the source-receptor-relationship method(SRR) and an emission inventory. We found that the relative contribution of pollutants from NCPS increased from 33% to 68% during 2019–21. Central Inner Mongolia(CIM) also has an important impact on ZJK under unfavorable weather conditions. This study demonstrated that the effect of pollution control measures in the NCPS and CIM should be strengthened to ensure that the air quality meets the standard during the ⅩⅩⅣ OWG.展开更多
Alpine mountain ecosystem shows strong interactions between abiotic and biotic parameters.They also receive high attention from human activities(natural tourism,trekking,skiing,etc.).However,as the potential disturban...Alpine mountain ecosystem shows strong interactions between abiotic and biotic parameters.They also receive high attention from human activities(natural tourism,trekking,skiing,etc.).However,as the potential disturbance risk areas in alpine mountains are increasing,it is necessary to understand the relationship between environmental factors and plant communities.This is also the key consideration for the coming international events such as the Winter Olympic Games,which could generate uncontrolled ecosystem issues not previously studied.The Yin Mountains in Chongli district,Zhangjiakou City,Hebei Province,China will be the core area of the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.We hypothesize that disturbances will be caused,therefore,the previous relationships between the habitat factors and plant community and the main environmental limiting factors before hosting them must be assessed to design future restoration plans.Therefore,we used the two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN)and market basket analysis(MBA)for vegetation classification in 91 sampling plots.Plant community and relationships among environmental variables(altitude,slope position,aspect,direction,inclination,soil porosity,soil bulk density,organic matter content and soil pH)were investigated through the trend correspondence(DCA)and canonical correspondence analyses(CCA).Also,the TWINSPAN was used to classify the vegetation into 6 different groups.CCA analysis showed that i)the spatial variation of soil moisture and the content of soil organic matter are the main factors limiting the development of shrub and herb communities;ii)the distribution of different forest communities was mainly affected by terrain factors(altitude,aspect and slope position);iii)the dynamic changes of vegetation communities in different altitudes were affected by the fluctuation of environmental factors and human disturbance,and the shrubs and herbaceous plants in mid-to-high altitude areas(above 1400 m)generally show the process of transformation from the pioneer community to transitional community in the competition.We concluded that under the strong interference of human activities in the core construction area of the Olympic venues,higher damage intensity and lower resilience in the low altitude area is observed compared with the pioneer community.Whereas in the low altitude area(below 1400m)with a fragile ecological environment,although the plant diversity and coverage are poor,the potential impact and damage degree of the Olympic Games are greatly reduced due to the distance from the construction area of the core venues and good resilience.This information can help land managers and policymakers to anticipate human disturbances on plant communities and support guiding the most efficient ecological restoration after the Winter Olympic Games in 2022.展开更多
Mega-event is an important driving force for the development of urban tourism industry. As a co-host city of 2022 Winter Olympics, Zhangjiakou will encounter new opportunities in tourism development. This paper build ...Mega-event is an important driving force for the development of urban tourism industry. As a co-host city of 2022 Winter Olympics, Zhangjiakou will encounter new opportunities in tourism development. This paper build a dynamic model about the influence of Olympics on urban tourism industry, and put forward specific strategies for the city promoting its tourism development by taking the opportunity of hosting the Winter Olympics.展开更多
In the context of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, the quality improvement of slow traffic space in Shijingshan District faces many challenges. Through the exploration of “slow traffic space” and its design concept...In the context of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, the quality improvement of slow traffic space in Shijingshan District faces many challenges. Through the exploration of “slow traffic space” and its design concept and strategy theory, the problem of slow traffic space is sorted out from the aspects of policy background, spatial form and cultural construction, with Lugu Street as an example. Based on the unique cultural resources in the district, the optimization strategies are proposed from the aspects of spatial form improvement, unsupervised technology utilization, enhancement of residents’ willingness to slowly traffic and Winter Olympics culture shaping. In addition, a slow traffic space improvement scheme with easy implementation, convenient access and rich connotation is formed, in order to provide new methods and ideas for improving the quality of slow traffic space.展开更多
This paper presents a comparison and analysis method of data at traffic meteorological observation station during Beijing Winter Olympic Games period based on Grubbs criterion. By comparing the data of a set of standa...This paper presents a comparison and analysis method of data at traffic meteorological observation station during Beijing Winter Olympic Games period based on Grubbs criterion. By comparing the data of a set of standard multi-element observation stations with the data of multiple measured traffic stations, the outliers of each element data at each station were analyzed. It could provide data support for the maintenance of Zhangjiakou traffic meteorological observation station and a guarantee for the accuracy of forest service during Beijing Winter Olympic Games period.展开更多
With the successful hosting of the 2022 Winter Olympics,Beijing has become the world's first"Dual Olympic City",with the global attention more focused on Beiing and its post-Winter Olympics era.Attaching...With the successful hosting of the 2022 Winter Olympics,Beijing has become the world's first"Dual Olympic City",with the global attention more focused on Beiing and its post-Winter Olympics era.Attaching Great Importance to the Post-Olympic Games Uiization of Olympic Venues.展开更多
This paper is aimed to figure out the dilemma of sustainable development of Beijing shadow play.Through a brand-new perspective of the Winter Olympic Games,this paper not only demonstrates the opportunities and challe...This paper is aimed to figure out the dilemma of sustainable development of Beijing shadow play.Through a brand-new perspective of the Winter Olympic Games,this paper not only demonstrates the opportunities and challenges faced by Beijing shadow play in the current era,but also expounds the inheritance and innovation of it to show the value of change and sustainable development.It could be found that these methods are capable of breaking the limitations of time and space,so that this extraordinary art form can go worldwide and be found and loved by more people.It is concluded that more efforts should be put into the field of Beijing shadow play and that Beijing shadow play can be revived by virtue of inheritance and innovation.展开更多
People buy commemorative stamps for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games and Paralympic Games after the launch of the stamps in Beijing on Sunday.Beijing offered a special New Year gift for philatelists and sports fa...People buy commemorative stamps for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games and Paralympic Games after the launch of the stamps in Beijing on Sunday.Beijing offered a special New Year gift for philatelists and sports fans on Sunday with the launch of the first set of commemorative stamps for the 2022Beijing Winter Olympics.The inaugural set of the stamps comprises two pieces featuring the emblems of the 2022展开更多
基金This work was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41975137,42175012,and 41475097)the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2018YFF0300103).
文摘Since the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was the first Winter Olympics in history held in continental winter monsoon climate conditions across complex terrain areas,there is a deficiency of relevant research,operational techniques,and experience.This made providing meteorological services for this event particularly challenging.The China Meteorological Administration(CMA)Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre,achieved breakthroughs in research on short-and medium-term deterministic and ensemble numerical predictions.Several key technologies crucial for precise winter weather services during the Winter Olympics were developed.A comprehensive framework,known as the Operational System for High-Precision Weather Forecasting for the Winter Olympics,was established.Some of these advancements represent the highest level of capabilities currently available in China.The meteorological service provided to the Beijing 2022 Games also exceeded previous Winter Olympic Games in both variety and quality.This included achievements such as the“100-meter level,minute level”downscaled spatiotemporal resolution and forecasts spanning 1 to 15 days.Around 30 new technologies and over 60 kinds of products that align with the requirements of the Winter Olympics Organizing Committee were developed,and many of these techniques have since been integrated into the CMA’s operational national forecasting systems.These accomplishments were facilitated by a dedicated weather forecasting and research initiative,in conjunction with the preexisting real-time operational forecasting systems of the CMA.This program represents one of the five subprograms of the WMO’s high-impact weather forecasting demonstration project(SMART2022),and continues to play an important role in their Regional Association(RA)II Research Development Project(Hangzhou RDP).Therefore,the research accomplishments and meteorological service experiences from this program will be carried forward into forthcoming highimpact weather forecasting activities.This article provides an overview and assessment of this program and the operational national forecasting systems.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC3006201)Beijing Public Health High-level Scholars Development Program(2022-1-001)。
文摘BACKGROUND:To assess the efficacy of the epidemic prevention measures of the“closed-loop”system adopted by the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games(BOWG).METHODS:We retrospectively collected and analyzed information,including age,sex,nationality,vaccination status,date of diagnosis,and date of entry,from 280 SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals identified during the BOWG.A susceptibility-exposed-infectious-remove model was employed to evaluate the effectiveness of epidemic prevention strategies on controlling the spread of SARS-CoV-2 under different scenarios during the BOWG.RESULTS:Regarding SARS-CoV-2-positive cases,97.9%were imported,and 96.4%were asymptomatic.The median age was 37 years(range:29–47 years),and 73.9%were male,with the majority of cases being broadcasters and European attendees.Regarding vaccination status,93.5%were fully vaccinated,and six cases were considered to have been infected in the closed-loop system during the BOWG.Assuming that the BOWG adopted a semi-closed-loop management system,the cumulative number of confirmed cases would be 1,137 for quick quarantine measures(3 d later)implemented and 5,530 for delayed quarantine measures(9 d later)implemented.This modeling revealed that stringent pandemic prevention measures and closed-loop management effectively controlled the spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the BOWG.CONCLUSION:Imported cases are considered the main risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 transmission during mass gatherings,but a comprehensive closed-loop system could minimize transmission among attendees and general personnel.
基金This study was supported by the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project(Z191100004419003)Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(2022-1-3031,2022-2-3033)Beijing Public Health High-level Scholars Development Program(2022-1-001).
文摘BACKGROUND:Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games was the second Games held amid the COVID-19 pandemic.To a certain extent,it has altered the way sporting activities operate.There is a lack of knowledge on injury risk and illness occurrence in elite winter sport athletes amid the COVID-19 pandemic.This study aimed to describe the incidence of injuries and illnesses sustained during the XXIV Olympic Winter Games in Beijing from February 4 to 20,2022.METHODS:We recorded the daily number of injuries and illnesses among athletes reported by Beijing 2022 medical staff in the polyclinic,medical venues,and ambulance.We calculated injury and illness incidence as the number of injuries or illnesses occurring during competition or training,respectively,with incidence presented as injuries/illnesses per 100 athlete-days.RESULTS:In total,2,897 athletes from 91 nations experienced injury or illness.Beijing 2022 medical staff reported 326 injuries and 80 illnesses,equaling 11.3 injuries and 2.8 illnesses per 100 athletes over the 17-day period.Altogether,11%of the athletes incurred at least one injury and nearly 3%incurred at least one illness.The number of injured athletes was highest in the skating sports(n=104),followed by alpine skiing(n=53),ice track(n=37),freestyle skiing(n=36),and ice hockey(n=35),and was the lowest in the Nordic skiing disciplines(n=20).Of the 326 injuries,14(4.3%)led to an estimated absence from training or competition of more than 1 week.A total of 52 injured athletes were transferred to hospitals for further care.The number of athletes with illness(n=80)was the highest for skating(n=33)and Nordic skiing(n=22).A total of 50 illnesses(62.5%)were admitted to the department of dentistry/ophthalmology/otolaryngology,and the most common cause of illness was other causes,including preexisting illness and medicine(n=52,65%).CONCLUSION:Overall,11%of athletes incurred at least one injury during the Games,which is similar to the findings during the Olympic Winter Games in 2014 and 2018.Regarding illness,2%of athletes were affected,which is approximately one-third of the number affected in the 2018 Olympic Winter Games.
文摘It is generally expected that the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games will bring health and social benefits to their host city and to Brazil. This assumption comes from “common sense”, as a logical conclusion arising from the fact that host cities “inspire” and stimulate lifestyle changes. Benefits are also expected on tourism, self-image, architecture and the economy of the country as a whole. But are these expectations real and evidence-based? What parts of these “facts” are concrete and which ones are not? This paper suggests available ways of quantifying positive effects of hosting an Olympic Game, and puts the focus of this approach on the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic Games and their true legacy, seeking scientific certainties.
基金the National Key Scientific and Technological Infrastructure project “Earth System Science Numerical Simulator Facility” (Earth Lab)
文摘The attainment of suitable ambient air quality standards is a matter of great concern for successfully hosting the ⅩⅩⅣ Olympic Winter Games(OWG). Transport patterns and potential sources of pollutants in Zhangjiakou(ZJK) were investigated using pollutant monitoring datasets and a dispersion model. The PM_(2.5) concentration during February in ZJK has increased slightly(28%) from 2018 to 2021, mostly owing to the shift of main potential source regions of west-central Inner Mongolia and Mongolian areas(2015–18) to the North China Plain and northern Shanxi Province(NCPS) after 2018.Using CO as an indicator, the relative contributions of the different regions to the receptor site(ZJK) were evaluated based on the source-receptor-relationship method(SRR) and an emission inventory. We found that the relative contribution of pollutants from NCPS increased from 33% to 68% during 2019–21. Central Inner Mongolia(CIM) also has an important impact on ZJK under unfavorable weather conditions. This study demonstrated that the effect of pollution control measures in the NCPS and CIM should be strengthened to ensure that the air quality meets the standard during the ⅩⅩⅣ OWG.
基金This work was supported by the National Special Water Programs of China(2017ZX07101002-02).
文摘Alpine mountain ecosystem shows strong interactions between abiotic and biotic parameters.They also receive high attention from human activities(natural tourism,trekking,skiing,etc.).However,as the potential disturbance risk areas in alpine mountains are increasing,it is necessary to understand the relationship between environmental factors and plant communities.This is also the key consideration for the coming international events such as the Winter Olympic Games,which could generate uncontrolled ecosystem issues not previously studied.The Yin Mountains in Chongli district,Zhangjiakou City,Hebei Province,China will be the core area of the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.We hypothesize that disturbances will be caused,therefore,the previous relationships between the habitat factors and plant community and the main environmental limiting factors before hosting them must be assessed to design future restoration plans.Therefore,we used the two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN)and market basket analysis(MBA)for vegetation classification in 91 sampling plots.Plant community and relationships among environmental variables(altitude,slope position,aspect,direction,inclination,soil porosity,soil bulk density,organic matter content and soil pH)were investigated through the trend correspondence(DCA)and canonical correspondence analyses(CCA).Also,the TWINSPAN was used to classify the vegetation into 6 different groups.CCA analysis showed that i)the spatial variation of soil moisture and the content of soil organic matter are the main factors limiting the development of shrub and herb communities;ii)the distribution of different forest communities was mainly affected by terrain factors(altitude,aspect and slope position);iii)the dynamic changes of vegetation communities in different altitudes were affected by the fluctuation of environmental factors and human disturbance,and the shrubs and herbaceous plants in mid-to-high altitude areas(above 1400 m)generally show the process of transformation from the pioneer community to transitional community in the competition.We concluded that under the strong interference of human activities in the core construction area of the Olympic venues,higher damage intensity and lower resilience in the low altitude area is observed compared with the pioneer community.Whereas in the low altitude area(below 1400m)with a fragile ecological environment,although the plant diversity and coverage are poor,the potential impact and damage degree of the Olympic Games are greatly reduced due to the distance from the construction area of the core venues and good resilience.This information can help land managers and policymakers to anticipate human disturbances on plant communities and support guiding the most efficient ecological restoration after the Winter Olympic Games in 2022.
基金Sponsored by Outstanding Young Teacher Domestic Visiting Scholar Project of Shandong Colleges and UniversitiesShandong Provincial Soft Science Research Program(2009RKB439)+1 种基金Shandong Provincial Key Cultural and Arts Program(2013101)Tai’an City Scientific and Technological Development Program(20140630-20)
文摘Mega-event is an important driving force for the development of urban tourism industry. As a co-host city of 2022 Winter Olympics, Zhangjiakou will encounter new opportunities in tourism development. This paper build a dynamic model about the influence of Olympics on urban tourism industry, and put forward specific strategies for the city promoting its tourism development by taking the opportunity of hosting the Winter Olympics.
基金Sponsored by Beijing Urban Governance Research Base Project of North China University of Technology (21CSZL11)General Project of Beijing Natural Science Foundation (8212009)+1 种基金2019 Youth Top Talents Training Plan of High-level Teacher Team Construction Support Program of Colleges and Universities in Beijing (CIT&TCD201904010)Construction of Philosophy and Community Base in Beijing “A Study on Urban Renewal and Environmental Comprehensive Treatment of Old Communities in Beijing”。
文摘In the context of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, the quality improvement of slow traffic space in Shijingshan District faces many challenges. Through the exploration of “slow traffic space” and its design concept and strategy theory, the problem of slow traffic space is sorted out from the aspects of policy background, spatial form and cultural construction, with Lugu Street as an example. Based on the unique cultural resources in the district, the optimization strategies are proposed from the aspects of spatial form improvement, unsupervised technology utilization, enhancement of residents’ willingness to slowly traffic and Winter Olympics culture shaping. In addition, a slow traffic space improvement scheme with easy implementation, convenient access and rich connotation is formed, in order to provide new methods and ideas for improving the quality of slow traffic space.
文摘This paper presents a comparison and analysis method of data at traffic meteorological observation station during Beijing Winter Olympic Games period based on Grubbs criterion. By comparing the data of a set of standard multi-element observation stations with the data of multiple measured traffic stations, the outliers of each element data at each station were analyzed. It could provide data support for the maintenance of Zhangjiakou traffic meteorological observation station and a guarantee for the accuracy of forest service during Beijing Winter Olympic Games period.
文摘With the successful hosting of the 2022 Winter Olympics,Beijing has become the world's first"Dual Olympic City",with the global attention more focused on Beiing and its post-Winter Olympics era.Attaching Great Importance to the Post-Olympic Games Uiization of Olympic Venues.
文摘This paper is aimed to figure out the dilemma of sustainable development of Beijing shadow play.Through a brand-new perspective of the Winter Olympic Games,this paper not only demonstrates the opportunities and challenges faced by Beijing shadow play in the current era,but also expounds the inheritance and innovation of it to show the value of change and sustainable development.It could be found that these methods are capable of breaking the limitations of time and space,so that this extraordinary art form can go worldwide and be found and loved by more people.It is concluded that more efforts should be put into the field of Beijing shadow play and that Beijing shadow play can be revived by virtue of inheritance and innovation.
文摘People buy commemorative stamps for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games and Paralympic Games after the launch of the stamps in Beijing on Sunday.Beijing offered a special New Year gift for philatelists and sports fans on Sunday with the launch of the first set of commemorative stamps for the 2022Beijing Winter Olympics.The inaugural set of the stamps comprises two pieces featuring the emblems of the 2022
