The practice of soccer involves carrying-out actions of high intensity, which demand a great generation of eccentric strength, which in turn results in an increase in the inflammatory response after training practice ...The practice of soccer involves carrying-out actions of high intensity, which demand a great generation of eccentric strength, which in turn results in an increase in the inflammatory response after training practice and game matches. The study aimed to investigate, in combination and individually, the association of 28 polymorphisms with the inflammatory responses of soccer athletes. The sample consisted of 47 male under-20 soccer athletes who belong to clubs in the first division of Brazilian soccer. Blood samples were collected at Pre, and 03, 24, and 48 hours after the training session to evaluate the inflammatory responses (hematological analyzes (hemogram), creatine phosphokinase (CK), high sensitivity quantitative C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)). DNA was obtained through scraping of buccal cells, where a sterile swab was rubbed on the inner side of the mouth of each participant 06 times. The database was built using the TruSeq DNA PCRFree kit (Illumina®) and the Covaris equipment for shearing genomic DNA (gDNA) by ultrasound. Of the analyzed SNPs, 09 (ACTN3 rs1815739, COL5A1 rs12722, COL5A1 rs3196378, HGF rs5745697, IGF1 rs35767, IL-6 rs1800795, MMP3 rs679620, SLC30A8 rs13266634, SOX15 rs4227) were individually associated with biomarkers and 07 SNPs, (COL5A1 rs12722, COL5A1 rs3196378, COL5A1 rs1800012, HGF rs5745697, IGF1 rs35767, IL-6 rs1800795 and MMP3 rs679620) analyzed in combination, explained 16% to 40% of the variation of inflammatory responses in soccer athletes. The results suggest that the genotypic profile can be taken into account for a more individualized distribution of the training load, along with the elaboration of recovery strategies for high-level athletes between training sessions and games of high physical and physiological demand.展开更多
Due to ever-growing soccer data collection approaches and progressing artificial intelligence(AI) methods, soccer analysis, evaluation, and decision-making have received increasing interest from not only the professio...Due to ever-growing soccer data collection approaches and progressing artificial intelligence(AI) methods, soccer analysis, evaluation, and decision-making have received increasing interest from not only the professional sports analytics realm but also the academic AI research community. AI brings gamechanging approaches for soccer analytics where soccer has been a typical benchmark for AI research. The combination has been an emerging topic. In this paper, soccer match analytics are taken as a complete observation-orientation-decision-action(OODA) loop.In addition, as in AI frameworks such as that for reinforcement learning, interacting with a virtual environment enables an evolving model. Therefore, both soccer analytics in the real world and virtual domains are discussed. With the intersection of the OODA loop and the real-virtual domains, available soccer data, including event and tracking data, and diverse orientation and decisionmaking models for both real-world and virtual soccer matches are comprehensively reviewed. Finally, some promising directions in this interdisciplinary area are pointed out. It is claimed that paradigms for both professional sports analytics and AI research could be combined. Moreover, it is quite promising to bridge the gap between the real and virtual domains for soccer match analysis and decision-making.展开更多
OVER ten years ago a group ofunknown teenage girls gatheredtogether from all parts of China.They began to learn how to kick a ball,inwind and rain,through mud and water. Nocheers or flowers awaited them but theseyoung...OVER ten years ago a group ofunknown teenage girls gatheredtogether from all parts of China.They began to learn how to kick a ball,inwind and rain,through mud and water. Nocheers or flowers awaited them but theseyoung girls kept playing their soccer for展开更多
ON 6 August 1996, the women’s football team returned to Beijing from Atlanta with other Olympic athletes. Finally, after years of preparation, they could remove their athletic gear and don suits and dresses. For many...ON 6 August 1996, the women’s football team returned to Beijing from Atlanta with other Olympic athletes. Finally, after years of preparation, they could remove their athletic gear and don suits and dresses. For many years, the heavy schedule of training and competitions allowed the team few opportunities to wear skirts. Even if they did, some of the women dared not—their legs were full of scars. Some didn’t care and said: "After展开更多
检索足球运动员力量与其它身体素质结合训练的相关文献,整合并评述结合训练的研究进展。在Web of science、PubMed、中国知网数据库检索2000———2023年发表的相关文献,依照排除和纳入标准最终得到文献36篇,其中力量结合耐力、协调、...检索足球运动员力量与其它身体素质结合训练的相关文献,整合并评述结合训练的研究进展。在Web of science、PubMed、中国知网数据库检索2000———2023年发表的相关文献,依照排除和纳入标准最终得到文献36篇,其中力量结合耐力、协调、速度、灵敏的文献分别为12、5、11、8篇。研究结果显示:①在力量与耐力结合训练方面,任意负荷强度均能提升非高水平运动员的力量和心肺功能,而精英运动员则需要次极限强度的刺激才能提升其专项力量、冲刺速度、灵敏性及有氧耐力,且课内训练内容的顺序效益相近;②在力量与协调结合训练方面,先进行动态或静态协调训练可为随后的高质量力量训练奠定基础,训练安排选用板块分期模式更为有效;③在力量与速度结合训练方面,超等长与速度相结合的日间交替安排有助于提高冲刺及跳跃能力,而课内交替练习对提升跳跃、冲刺和变向能力等专项力量和速度的效果良好;④在力量与灵敏结合训练方面,日常技战术训练中采用力量与灵敏的课内交替,可以提高其跳跃、冲刺、转向及平衡能力。综上所述,可以从阶段、周、课3个层次建构足球运动员多素质相结合的训练组织与安排。展开更多
背景:竞技体育领域脑力疲劳研究的顺利开展有赖于合适的脑力疲劳诱导方案,然而目前该领域脑力疲劳方案种类较多及时间设置不一等问题的出现一定程度干扰了科研人员选择和确定合适的方案。目的:比较不同类型和时长脑力疲劳诱导方案的效...背景:竞技体育领域脑力疲劳研究的顺利开展有赖于合适的脑力疲劳诱导方案,然而目前该领域脑力疲劳方案种类较多及时间设置不一等问题的出现一定程度干扰了科研人员选择和确定合适的方案。目的:比较不同类型和时长脑力疲劳诱导方案的效果。方法:采用随机交叉对照设计,16名男性业余足球运动员以随机、平衡的顺序完成4次时长为60 min、间隔时间≥48 h STROOP任务的心理认知类方案(心理认知组)、社交媒体使用的电子暴露类方案(电子暴露组)、全身协调任务的运动类方案(运动组)和中性视频观看的对照处理方式(对照组)。测量受试者任务前的动机、脑力疲劳分数、身体疲劳分数和平均心率,任务过程中每15 min的脑力疲劳分数、大脑努力分数、身体疲劳分数和平均心率。主要采用重复测量方差分析对指标进行统计学分析。结果与结论:①心理认知、电子暴露、运动和对照组4组干预前测的脑力疲劳分数基线值无显著性差异(P=0.806);②心理认知组30,45和60 min的脑力疲劳分数均显著高于其他3组(P均<0.05);心理认知、电子暴露和运动组3组45,60 min 2个时间点的脑力疲劳分数类似(P均>0.05),但显著高于干预前、干预15 min和30 min 3个时间点(P均<0.05);③结论:心理认知类方案的脑力疲劳诱导效果优于电子暴露类和运动类方案,且45 min是能够有效诱导脑力疲劳的适宜时长。展开更多
文摘The practice of soccer involves carrying-out actions of high intensity, which demand a great generation of eccentric strength, which in turn results in an increase in the inflammatory response after training practice and game matches. The study aimed to investigate, in combination and individually, the association of 28 polymorphisms with the inflammatory responses of soccer athletes. The sample consisted of 47 male under-20 soccer athletes who belong to clubs in the first division of Brazilian soccer. Blood samples were collected at Pre, and 03, 24, and 48 hours after the training session to evaluate the inflammatory responses (hematological analyzes (hemogram), creatine phosphokinase (CK), high sensitivity quantitative C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)). DNA was obtained through scraping of buccal cells, where a sterile swab was rubbed on the inner side of the mouth of each participant 06 times. The database was built using the TruSeq DNA PCRFree kit (Illumina®) and the Covaris equipment for shearing genomic DNA (gDNA) by ultrasound. Of the analyzed SNPs, 09 (ACTN3 rs1815739, COL5A1 rs12722, COL5A1 rs3196378, HGF rs5745697, IGF1 rs35767, IL-6 rs1800795, MMP3 rs679620, SLC30A8 rs13266634, SOX15 rs4227) were individually associated with biomarkers and 07 SNPs, (COL5A1 rs12722, COL5A1 rs3196378, COL5A1 rs1800012, HGF rs5745697, IGF1 rs35767, IL-6 rs1800795 and MMP3 rs679620) analyzed in combination, explained 16% to 40% of the variation of inflammatory responses in soccer athletes. The results suggest that the genotypic profile can be taken into account for a more individualized distribution of the training load, along with the elaboration of recovery strategies for high-level athletes between training sessions and games of high physical and physiological demand.
基金supported by the National Key Research,Development Program of China (2020AAA0103404)the Beijing Nova Program (20220484077)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62073323)。
文摘Due to ever-growing soccer data collection approaches and progressing artificial intelligence(AI) methods, soccer analysis, evaluation, and decision-making have received increasing interest from not only the professional sports analytics realm but also the academic AI research community. AI brings gamechanging approaches for soccer analytics where soccer has been a typical benchmark for AI research. The combination has been an emerging topic. In this paper, soccer match analytics are taken as a complete observation-orientation-decision-action(OODA) loop.In addition, as in AI frameworks such as that for reinforcement learning, interacting with a virtual environment enables an evolving model. Therefore, both soccer analytics in the real world and virtual domains are discussed. With the intersection of the OODA loop and the real-virtual domains, available soccer data, including event and tracking data, and diverse orientation and decisionmaking models for both real-world and virtual soccer matches are comprehensively reviewed. Finally, some promising directions in this interdisciplinary area are pointed out. It is claimed that paradigms for both professional sports analytics and AI research could be combined. Moreover, it is quite promising to bridge the gap between the real and virtual domains for soccer match analysis and decision-making.
文摘OVER ten years ago a group ofunknown teenage girls gatheredtogether from all parts of China.They began to learn how to kick a ball,inwind and rain,through mud and water. Nocheers or flowers awaited them but theseyoung girls kept playing their soccer for
文摘ON 6 August 1996, the women’s football team returned to Beijing from Atlanta with other Olympic athletes. Finally, after years of preparation, they could remove their athletic gear and don suits and dresses. For many years, the heavy schedule of training and competitions allowed the team few opportunities to wear skirts. Even if they did, some of the women dared not—their legs were full of scars. Some didn’t care and said: "After
文摘检索足球运动员力量与其它身体素质结合训练的相关文献,整合并评述结合训练的研究进展。在Web of science、PubMed、中国知网数据库检索2000———2023年发表的相关文献,依照排除和纳入标准最终得到文献36篇,其中力量结合耐力、协调、速度、灵敏的文献分别为12、5、11、8篇。研究结果显示:①在力量与耐力结合训练方面,任意负荷强度均能提升非高水平运动员的力量和心肺功能,而精英运动员则需要次极限强度的刺激才能提升其专项力量、冲刺速度、灵敏性及有氧耐力,且课内训练内容的顺序效益相近;②在力量与协调结合训练方面,先进行动态或静态协调训练可为随后的高质量力量训练奠定基础,训练安排选用板块分期模式更为有效;③在力量与速度结合训练方面,超等长与速度相结合的日间交替安排有助于提高冲刺及跳跃能力,而课内交替练习对提升跳跃、冲刺和变向能力等专项力量和速度的效果良好;④在力量与灵敏结合训练方面,日常技战术训练中采用力量与灵敏的课内交替,可以提高其跳跃、冲刺、转向及平衡能力。综上所述,可以从阶段、周、课3个层次建构足球运动员多素质相结合的训练组织与安排。
文摘背景:竞技体育领域脑力疲劳研究的顺利开展有赖于合适的脑力疲劳诱导方案,然而目前该领域脑力疲劳方案种类较多及时间设置不一等问题的出现一定程度干扰了科研人员选择和确定合适的方案。目的:比较不同类型和时长脑力疲劳诱导方案的效果。方法:采用随机交叉对照设计,16名男性业余足球运动员以随机、平衡的顺序完成4次时长为60 min、间隔时间≥48 h STROOP任务的心理认知类方案(心理认知组)、社交媒体使用的电子暴露类方案(电子暴露组)、全身协调任务的运动类方案(运动组)和中性视频观看的对照处理方式(对照组)。测量受试者任务前的动机、脑力疲劳分数、身体疲劳分数和平均心率,任务过程中每15 min的脑力疲劳分数、大脑努力分数、身体疲劳分数和平均心率。主要采用重复测量方差分析对指标进行统计学分析。结果与结论:①心理认知、电子暴露、运动和对照组4组干预前测的脑力疲劳分数基线值无显著性差异(P=0.806);②心理认知组30,45和60 min的脑力疲劳分数均显著高于其他3组(P均<0.05);心理认知、电子暴露和运动组3组45,60 min 2个时间点的脑力疲劳分数类似(P均>0.05),但显著高于干预前、干预15 min和30 min 3个时间点(P均<0.05);③结论:心理认知类方案的脑力疲劳诱导效果优于电子暴露类和运动类方案,且45 min是能够有效诱导脑力疲劳的适宜时长。
